parts of shanghai chiensen etc. once this news became known this is what happened if we take a look at this political cartoon, you can step around. if you take a look at this political cartoon you get an idea of what was to happen. here we see china shown as a sleeping dragon, of course a reference to a napoleon's comment that china was a sleeping giant and fighting over the carcass. we see the british lion the russian bear the american eagle the french rooster etc. they're all farting over the carcass to be more exact. it was quite common for people to march in and just take over a whole section of china and rule as if it were their own country. though most of you don't look old enough to drink. i must suspect that some of you are old enough to drink and therefore if you have been in a chinese restaurant, you know, there is a chinese beer. called singtow. beer comes to the green bottle. you may have seen it. have you ever wondered why beer is made in china? because in 1885 germany came in and took over the entire p

their high quality of art of culture of rituals etc so that is a question of property rights the 2nd point is i think that the optimism right now is justified because the return of objects is part and the return of property rights is part of a larger initiative to. bring in new innovative concepts of museums that trends nationally operate that bring in artists to open up museums to a larger public that make histories of loss and of suffering visible with objects or the absence of objects visible etc and. the good institute has been trying to also promote this in the sense of that african museums among themselves peer to peer learning is enhanced or supported and that their takes place again in exchange with european or german curators so i think when we think of this return as part of a larger process of thinking. new forms of work in and with museums then it makes sense and is justified. sometimes i feel that the question of property rights is really a delay tactics in many of the cases we actually know what the owners are you know the kingdom of been in is represented by being in w

that the central state is the federal state is that the king king's family or is it another community etc etc then those people have the right to determine whether they want some objects in the world to demonstrate their high quality of art of culture of rituals it cetera so that is a question of property rights the 2nd point is i think that the optimism right now is justified because the return of objects is part and the return of property rights is part of a larger initiative to. bring in new in lover to the concept of museums that trance nationally operate that bring in artists to open up museums to a larger public and that make histories of a lot of suffering visible with objects or the absence of objects visible etc and. the good institute has been trying to also promote this in the sense of that african museums among themselves peer to peer learning is enhanced or supported and that their takes place again in exchange with european or german curators so i think when we think of this return as part of a larger process of thinking. new forms of work in and with museums then it makes s

they have career interests, etc, etc. be people with the taliban who wants to see a final victory. they don't want to negotiate solution. they want victory. and then of course, you have people in the afghan government who are supported, who are propped up, who are empowered because of the american presence. they certainly don't want to see the united states leave. so you have barriers actors and then you have other groups like islam, state, other extremist groups, that for whatever reason, want to see the violence continuing their own, their own ideological or personal reasons. so you have a lot of people who are willing and wanting to spoil this, and that's going to be a very over the next several months. that's going to continue is probably going to pick up. and that's going to be a very real issue for joe biden. in his people is to stay firm. if american troops say, are killed in afghanistan, you're going to hear a lot of calls from the american congress that you can't leave. you know, you're, you're banning your week. you know, you're free when you're forgetting the sacrifices

, etc. so i think looking at the circumstances now again with the understanding about how this shift allows for the different parts of the pentagon to focus on parts of the world that they want. but also to understanding the, the stress on the u. s. economy right now, the stress on the u. s. population, because a coven, you know, all the other factors. i think that allowed by the opportunity to try and do something different with afghanistan, but they're, by no means is joe biden turning into you know, make a dove. exactly. does. there's still going to be, be this very interventionist, very involved american presence militarily throughout the world. but the fact that he was willing to disengage from afghanistan in this manner is a very welcome development. it's certainly much different, right, than what we've seen over the last thing. we're still to see if that's right. you know, assuming that the withdrawal a little proceed ganeth, son is a very big money whole according to that goes on, as

. -- into government, etc.y were almost tempted, ejected into this cycle of violence by a combination of criminal gangs in big cities because the police never had the time to mount the effort to take the weapons out. joined by activists of the islamic movement. and you always have hundreds of young people in the sector who are unemployed, not really integrated into society, without proper employment, who are happy to have whatever is possible. an acre they burned in the old city, or the jewish restaurant or the jewish hotel. do they expect that our businesses, thriving in the old city, will get jewish visitors for your two -- for a year or two? the same everywhere. not going into it. but from hamas's point of view, they have managed to do something we did not see before. i don't know in my long years covering this field, that they have joined in, participated in any clash between israel and hamas, this is a first. the second thing is that by instigating this confrontation, hamas has toppled and it's really -- a

we drank tea together, we did some of ramadan, etc, etc. for human rights, for the rule of law, for reconciliation, and not to begin with myself and forgive those who visited pain upon me. some people around the world may be amazed to learn that you actually, in the last few years, have married an american woman, and you have a son who, of course, therefore, is both mauritanian and american. that is a pretty extraordinary thing that you have done, given your experience of the united states of america. when people tell me that, isaid, of course, i need to marry an american because i need a witness next time they kidnap me. so, bad joke aside... er, we are human beings. dividing us between muslims, christian, western, african, middle eastern, i don't accept it. i am multiple identity. you know, i'm notjust like an african or an arab or a muslim. i'm also an open—minded, liberal—minded person. and i have so many shared values with american. and, in all, i love american people. i think american people are decent people, by and large. let me ask

and that make histories of a lot of suffering visible with objects or the absence of objects visible etc and. the good institute has been trying to also promote this in the sense of that african museums among themselves peer to peer learning is enhanced or supported and that their takes place again in exchange with european or german curators so i think when we think of this return as part of a larger process of thinking. new forms of work in and with museums then it makes sense and is justified. sometimes i feel that the question of property rights is really a delay tactics in many of the cases we actually know what the owners are you know the kingdom of been in is represented by the beginning we could talk to the above been in directly you know door it is part of nigeria which is a construct as we know barely in a 100 something years old but the kingdom of been in existence for much longer and is still there we know where form is we know wedding gamba people and actually if we really wanted to speak to them we would speak to them you know i go back to the example of the that was sent b

i think ok germany can be a trendsetter and month some respects but france and britain and portugal etc also have their own ways of doing that with much larger diasporas from their former colonies which changes the terms of debate hugely important points you just be making breakfast for some of our viewers i'd like to just go back to these the agreement that germany has apparently reached now with nigeria to return at least a share of plundered artifacts known as the bend in bronze if we don't know how many let's find out 1st of all though a little bit more about these works of art before talking about the damage done to africa by european colonialism. to this day bronze sculpture is still produced in nigeria following accosting method that is over 7 centuries old and unique in africa at the end of the 19th century the german empire patches for over 1000 of these strong statues from english colonialists the artworks were plundered by british forces during a raid on a city in present day nigeria where many german museums are proud of these stolen goods as these valuable exhibits are even

what is it say about the geography of freedom etc. and you know, i've been written a few articles about this and i'd like to sort of like to think about writing a broader book on. we'll look forward to to seeing that dr. jeffrey kerr-ritchie. thank you so much again forso os to us from richmond doug crenshaw. he is co-authors most recently of a book with bert duncanly called in battled capital a guide to richmond during the civil war, but he's here today to speak out one of his other books. he's written several one on the battle of glendale, which he calls robert e. lee's greatest lost opportunity and today he's here to speak about what he considers to be one of grants great lost opportunities the

i think ok germany can be a trendsetter in month some respects but france and britain and portugal etc also have their own ways of doing that with much larger diasporas from their former colonies which changes the terms of debate hugely important points you just be making because for some of our viewers i'd like to just go back to these the agreement that germany has apparently reached now with nigeria to return at least a share of plundered artefacts known as the ben in bronze if we don't know how many let's find out 1st of all though a little bit more about these works of art before talking about the damage done to africa by european colonialism. to this day brown's culture is still produced in nigeria following accosting method that is over 7 centuries old and unique in africa and at the end of the 19th century the german empire had just over 1000 of these drawn statues from english colonialists the artworks were plundered by british forces during a raid on a city in present day nigeria where many german museums are proud of the stolen goods as these valuable exhibits are even liste

what is it say about the geography of freedom etc. and you know, i've been written a few articles about this and i'd like to sort of like to think about writing a broader book on. we'll look forward to to seeing that dr. jeffrey kerr-ritchie. thank you so much again for wonderful presentation you're watching american history tv covering history. c-span style with event coverage eyewitness accounts archival films lectures and college classrooms and visits to museums and historic places all weekend every weekend on c-span 3 if you like american history tv keep up with us during the week on facebook twitter and youtube learn about what happened this day in history and see preview clips of upcoming programs follow us at c-spanhistory. weeknights this month. we're featuring american history tv programs as a preview of what's available every weekend on c-span 3 monday night world war ii oral histories in a 2012 interview clinton gardner shared his experiences in the war's european theater. injured during the d-day invasion. he rejoined his

the problem is america claims to be the home of democracy and equality etc. but there's some disturbing glitches here number one, of course, the american armed forces are segregated africans and europeans are not allowed to serve together and perhaps even more embarrassing the united states has an exclusion act based on race against one of the allies. there are portions proportions of china not rule by the empire of japan that were called free china much to say when there was a free france. so this is embarrassing to the united states who must go to the whole show of repealing the chinese exclusion act in 1943. so in 1943 for the first time chinese men who are here can apply for citizenship can marry american women who are citizens. and can begin the process of getting ready to own property. now again, this may sound like ancient history to you. but my father was here in 1943. as a chinese as a resident and discovered he could stay and he could marry. the following year he had a son i am that son. it is ancient history, but it's within living memory. now very

etc. and actually give me useful information about my body. but technology that literally gets under your skin isn't for everyone implants are just one way to become a cyborg now also exudes called exoskeletons they promise more strength and better . heavy lifting uncomfortable work exoskeletons could someday help people reduce the strain on their backs originally developed for medical and military use they're now increasingly deployed in the automotive industry and logistics many see it as win win employees stay healthier and companies profit from the increased efficiency and production. robotic technology that makes work more arrogant under intensive development predominantly in the u.s. and germany but also in china and japan. we want to create devices that help people in their workplace and to make these tools more accessible and easy to use i don't think humans will ever become dispensable. there are only a few companies that are designing completely automated. systems because they re

this is up or tear infrastructure, and then we have the electric grid, internet, etc.nder the republican plan, here is the price tag with some of the proposals. $506 billion for roads and bridges and. major infostructure projects $98 billion for project. $56 billion for airports. 46 billion dollars for passenger and freight rail systems. and about $22 billion for ports and waterways. the transportation secretary is the former mayor of south bend, indiana, pete buttigieg. what role is he playing in these negotiations? guest: secretary buttigieg has been very out there in the media promoting this infrastructure package. he has done basically every interview in american media under the sun to admire -- remind people of the administration's objective of modernizing the transportation network, improving the freight supply chains. as a member of what president biden called his jobs cabinet, buttigieg is out there meeting with members of congress, in order to get something get something done on infrastructure. he has been very much one of the key public figures of this debate

can bbc sounds complete with spotify etc? there is a bi battle complete with spotify etc?up there at, numbers out today, the hygiene 80 million people use a spotify every month. —— 380 million people. one of the dangers is, that could be independent creators, you fall down the cracks in between that battle, and spotify and apple are speaking their devices and apps and services, some of that is built on content from bbc, the people on this programme also, i get is not like netflix where they are writing paycheques to all craters, they are offering a way to make money or reach audiences, but they are also competitors. if you look and spotify they make their own shows, or a lot of companies that do that, not only are you trying to get your show promoted on their platform, you're also competed against programmes. that will be more of a challenge, you add subscription to that, it is difficult. the bbc, massive scale, great programmes, bbc sounds does well, but can they put some prediction into their app? probably not, open to a lot of problems. dash might put subscription. it b

our teachers don't know that we need them to know this or we lose a lot of boys in school you know etc and those are just 3 of hundreds i don't have here using a lot of brain cancer in your work to show how different it wasn't girls a man and women. process the same tasks and it's striking to me how the latest size war is that the most ancient ideas about masculinity and if i'm uneasy that sanity being as there are so see it brad in chicken action in asking leniency who are characterized by focus and network this commission says that our forebears were able to hear that out long before i had the machines for and that i mean the machines for recognizing the difference in white matter and the great matter integrating. oh i agree so when i do talks you know when i do lectures and so on i show i have a slide that i show that has a quote from a brain scientist and then right above it is from genesis you know and god created male and female and you can see way way back and everyone use common sense and they understood that there was a profound male female difference and what the brain scans

is put on individuals right why don't you just buy less right change a light bulb don't use straws etc where there of course is a big structural reason as to why those injustices are raised the 1st place 100 corporations are responsible sort of 71 percent of carbon emissions that is that is something i always lead with but i do think that we've become such consumers that we don't question these systems at all and i think whether we are questioning fast fashion which you know some people love to scream that's casas but at the same time we should also be questioning why realigning up for phones that's a way of creating this demand where you've got planned obsolescence built into a product and then before you know it you've got to have the newest and latest phone otherwise you're a loser and also all of your technology won't work with this phone anymore i think if we don't pick that apart we can never really tear down the system and it's absolutely of course you know we've got to be an ethical consumer we also need to be a political consumer gas i mean we saw during cold feet my supply ch

etc. so they get trapped into this cycle this expediency of trying new things and it all fails and and it's actually it's during the pause from july at the end of july until october with the notable exception of alum alpha. it gives them time to really draw all those lessons together and particularly with new equipment and the six-pound randy tank gun, and of course the american equipment the the sherman tanks that come in dragged unwillingly in some cases from there from american units, but that's what really enables them to learn the lessons of two years of desert warfare and come up with the ways of crunching the way. access defenses you know, we're getting closer to the the moment of the program where we throw it open to questions from the audience, which is always a never know what you're going to get asked and it's always a tense moment. we have we have some very well-informed very well informed listeners, but let me let me ask this question if you don't mind. i saw neil at the end y

., etc. but i think a lot has changed, you know, and tech has disarticulated itself, separated, become its own thing. and one thing to keep in mind with facebook is, what, 95% of the revenue is advertising. and who knows if that's really going to bounce back. i mean, i know the stock's done really well this year, but will it bounce back post-covid as we, you know, get through the pandemic? this'll be interesting to see. but i think a combination of that, the combination of the reputation that facebook has right now which has turned over the last year or so, i think it's going to be struggling compared to the rest of the tech companies. liz: well, facebook's down about half a percent right now. we're watching apple and, by the way, as the headlines come through on the apple lawsuit and we'll see exactly what happens, but epic game withs basically saying, you know what? apple's still making margins of 77%, so they could ease up on those 30% fees that they charge, certainly. it's what they take.

. ., . ., , climate, girls education, family etc. ., , , ,, etc.pressing issue. what — etc. india clearly the pressing issue, what is _ etc. india clearly the pressing issue, what is happening - etc. india clearly the pressing l issue, what is happening there etc. india clearly the pressing - issue, what is happening there with covid, it is chemically the worst clover situation in the world and theissues clover situation in the world and the issues around vaccination. and how to manage it. india is going to be at the summit. what you think potentially could be achieved? it is certainly crucial that india is one of the guests at the g7 at this meeting. again, first to try and get further aid to india right now but also india is one of the largest vaccine producers in the world also. looking even further ahead on how to get resources to india at this moment is that also had to rethink how those vaccine distributions are going to go out to other countries, moving forward through covax and other initiatives. it is important to underscore that india was

his argument — did the first lockdown, etc? his argument was _ did the first lockdown, etc? first lockdown, and _ argument was we should have done the first lockdown, and i'm _ argument was we should have done the first lockdown, and i'm not— argument was we should have done the first lockdown, and i'm not going - argument was we should have done the first lockdown, and i'm not going to- first lockdown, and i'm not going to make _ first lockdown, and i'm not going to make the _ first lockdown, and i'm not going to make the same _ first lockdown, and i'm not going to make the same mistake _ first lockdown, and i'm not going to make the same mistake again. - first lockdown, and i'm not going to. make the same mistake again. ililihich make the same mistake again. which is really striking _ make the same mistake again. which is really striking because _ make the same mistake again. which is really striking because of _ is really striking because of course, doctor fauci faced the same criticism in the united states from donald trump, and in fact, donald trump did not go back towa

are coming — the west of england and etc are coming tomorrow. them _ expected to do reasonably well in them. expecting andy burnham to come back strongly. not truly disastrous. you took_ back strongly. not truly disastrous. you took at — back strongly. not truly disastrous. you look at wales, the party is or should _ you look at wales, the party is or should doing better than expected. so labour— should doing better than expected. so labour can win, but the problem is in england— so labour can win, but the problem is in england when it seems to have gone _ is in england when it seems to have gone backwards. ithink is in england when it seems to have gone backwards. i think one factor here is— gone backwards. i think one factor here is incumbents seem to be doing particularly _ here is incumbents seem to be doing particularly well, whether it's mark drakeford — particularly well, whether it's mark drakeford or nicola sturgeon up in scottahd~ — drakeford or nicola sturgeon up in scotland. 0r borisjohnson in westminster. there may be a covid factor