we had spoke with an expert on this topic last fall about solar geo-engineering. idea behind it is, they would have to fly planes around the equator or close to the equator and it would spew the sulfates into the air and they would block the sun. the thing to realize with that type of geo-engineering is in order to have sustained results, in order to continue to keep the local temperature suppressed by the sulfates, you have to keep flying those planes constantly around the world, constantly spewing the sulfates into the atmosphere. this is not an ideal solution to slow global warming, not by any stretch of the imagination. but it is one of those things that is on the table now because we haven't done enough to stop or to slow global warming as is for the last few decades. have we begun this -- had we begun this decades ago, no one would be talking about geo-engineering because climate change wouldn't be nearly the problem it is today. the kind of geo-engineering you are talking about, there needs to be researched be better understood so when the decision-makers d

tom: geo-political concerns up .9%. coming up, we're going to hear icahn's views.oner or lakers a situation like this is going to end relatively badly. -- you can't keep printing it up and printing it up. the government can't control inflation. tom: carl icahn giving us his thoughts. the ninety-one c.e.o. is still with us. the markets some pricing in. i want to see what the risk is. is there a risk, how vulnerable is it from that kind of move from the fed? >> when you get dollar strength buoyed by expectations of rising interest rates there will be implication. some e.m.'s have been well ahead of the curve raising their rates. fortifying their balance sheets. they will come through quite well. the weaker e.m.'s, when the energy transition happens, places like india will be massive winners. the energy transition hand quite happened. when you have to bring in oil near $100 a barrel it does affect your external balance as well. i think we're going to see some pain and wimp furcation in performances but the resilience as we have seen through covid, the date market over

. >> reporter: with nat geo explorer and storyteller tara roberts.sets off on the journey of a lifetime, scuba diving to deepen our understanding of american history. you put so much on hold, and you followed these extraordinary group of divers. how did you find out about diving with a purpose? >> i happened to go to the national museum of african american history and culture right there in d.c. there was a picture of a group of primarily black women in wet suits on a boat. and i discovered that they were a part of this group called "diving with a purpose" and that their mission was to search for and help document slave shipwrecks around the world. it spurred some stuff inside of me. >> reporter: the group of black divers searching for artifacts at the bottom of the ocean to uncover the untold history of the transatlantic slave trade. 1.8 million lives lost. about 1,000 ships brecked. most recently the "clotilde," remains found in alabama in 2019. >> this is not just black people's history, this is global history. there were four continents involved

clear that further military aggression against ukraine would have serious political, economic, and geo strategic consequences. for russia. i will emphasize that to morrow in moscow. so forget the west shots and it was ready for serious dialogue with russia over security matters. so many he and keith, however, talk is not enough. they want shots to act. now she should sanction north stream to so put in would not be able to blackmail europe. we understand that for germany, it might be painful because there are beasen, as they are, industry depends on gas supply. but let's think about diversification of a gas and oil supply to be able to be in union. the controversial gas pipeline, however, was something shots did not mention yet again. instead he called on clear steps from russia to de escalate acclaim. he'll get a chance to reiterate on tuesday when he meets vladimir putin and moscow. more for more never want to bring in our ukraine correspond mathias earlier. he is following the transfers visit to days to see you my to you so beyond words of solidarity. what did the german chancellor r

is it the thread from the fed or geo political tensions?l, if there is a risk of war, mike wilson says that risk is for the economy, it's for earnings. but a spike in energy prices destroys demand and tips several economy into an outright recession. we hear from plenty of people who disagree. >> the risk of conflict is high. we saw the sarcasm and the equip of the ukrainian president. oil ratcheting by 2.5%. but this is what he says at j.p. morgan. yes, the risk is high. but it should have a limited impact on global equity market and would likely market a dubish reassessment of the central banks so. any escalation could cause a de-escalation let's say in the monetarily policy, a more activist monetarily policy. dani. dain: our past guests said that the impact won't be that dramatic. the impact will be that rise in real rates worth 90%. so let's get to this morning's market. because tech is up .1 of a percent. maybe that's temporarily we're in this environment where you find safety in tech. that's you won't get as aggressive as banks. meanwh

they look into turkey, turkey in its geo strategic and geo economic position and they are in principle hoping that this this era will will end as soon as possible with not too much frictions. you know, trying to deal with his attitude of of foreign policy as long it's possible and hing that there is a democratic transition as peaceful within the country as possible berlin's geopolitical muscle flexing actually used to win support for erdogan at home. has that changed? well it still works i mean he can use some international issues some intention conflicts to show his his his muscles in the interior politics. but when you have a financial crisis and when your own supporters are not still supporting you as powerful as before, it doesn't work people. i mean if you say that i'm in libya and i'm fighting against that and that i mean i'm working with russia buying that muscle missiles from russia you can show these people but when people go home and they can't find bread in the refrigerator, that's a huge problem. like it's not just about the interest in politics. he used the the some some m

you know, you being of have a great geo political mind. doesn't mean that you are long on morality, and unfortunately they're very separated. but peter, nothing has been nothing. i guess that's an exaggeration very little. has been resolved here. ok, cuz i started out on a more or less optimistic note because recognition of russian security. and this is the ones that forward and something when. if you look at nato's response to russians, a letter of december 17th there was this boiler play, they didn't even respond to that. it was just this bellicose language, reckless language here. but you know, where we're getting from, from the u. s. at least there's some on the, on the margins here. is that? yeah, we can sit down, we can about this and this, but russians in anna natal no more. they do expansion. ok. and that's adamant that is going that that is their red line in the sand. and that's why i will agree with you in a different way, peter, is that, you know, i don't think there's an invasion now, but it doesn't mean that it's completely of

in his 1997 booked the grand chessboard, american primacy and its geo strategic imperatives. he warned that potentially the most dangerous scenario. and he meant for us domination, the most dangerous scenario would be a grand coalition of china, russia and perhaps a ran and an anti hedge monic. coalition, united not by ideology, but by complementary grievances. well, this is what we have today. so he has succeeded in what was the nightmare of us domination, how to keep countries divided, and he is not succeeding in uniting nato either. and in that way, really, russia's position is stronger and that they have exposed the weaknesses within nato . ah, but a more dangerous position. i can, can actually immediately break out. in other words, he us back as to the wall. well, they do something truly reckless. we shouldn't put it past them. so i don't know if the moment is past. i really don't because they're pretty desperate in what they're doing. but certainly, i, the way this is playing out is not what i'm glad you bring that avalera because, you know, they make the, all this hoop

they look into turkey, turkey, and it's geo strategic and geo economic position. and they are in principle, hoping that this, this era will, will end as soon as possible with not too much frictions, you know, trying to deal with his attitude of, of foreign policy as long it's possible and hoping that there is a democratic transition as piece full within the country as possible, didn't geo political muscle flexing actually used to win support for everyone at home? has that changed? well, it's still routes. i mean he can use them in social issues, some social conflicts to show his his, his muscles in the interior politics. but when you have a financial crisis, and when you're also put to start, not still supporting you as powerful as before, it doesn't for people. i mean, if you say that, i mean libya and i'm fighting against that and that, i mean, i'm working with russia buying that muslim yourselves from russia. you can show these people, but when people go home and they can't find bread in the refrigerator, that's huge problem. like it's not just about the politi

you mentioned - geolocation and you also geo- geolocation and you also geo— locate equipment arrivingtion. tell us about that. same process. we notice a lot of equipment and artillery pieces arriving at the station in kursk and we saw that and moved east through the city at which point it would have been about 25 kilometres on the border with ukraine and from there on, it's up to us to guess from where it went from there. , , . , guess from where it went from there. ,, . , guess from where it went from there. ,, ., , ., there. russia is open about the fact they have _ there. russia is open about the fact they have troops _ there. russia is open about the fact they have troops on - fact they have troops on the ukrainian border so there is there anything about the deployment that suggest they're ever other reason. i deployment that suggest they're ever other reason.— ever other reason. i think the scale of the _ ever other reason. i think the scale of the deployment - ever other reason. i think the scale of the deployment is i ever other reason. i think the i scale of the deployment is

clear that further military aggression against ukraine would have serious political, economic, and geo strategic consequences. for russia, i'll emphasize that to morrow in moscow. of the coming up, the munich security conference takes place later this week with the crisis over ukraine looming, europeans are calculating the probability of war and the cost of war to we could take ts then. the question is, how are we gonna hold key if a for a month, for 6 months, for a year of, for longer and, and how much will that cost and how many lives might it cost? but to our viewers watching on p b, as in the united states into all of you around the world. welcome, we begin the day asking, will this be the week that war returns to your russia continues sending more troops to its border with ukraine, a 130000 strong. so many that the pentagon says an invasion could begin at any moment. and yet, the kremlin line remains, there are no plans to attack the european union. nato in the us are not taking blood and put him at his work. another week of shuttle diplomacy is under way to de escalate tensioned

and i don't understand what values have to do with geo politics. okay. and nato doesn't seem to really want to explain that. and the russians, obviously is going to just said here, i mean, the russians were expecting it was boilerplate, nothing new. we could have actually been written before russia's proposals. in fact, the american reaction there is nuance there and maybe something to work towards. go ahead george. yes, that's right. and if one considers about what happened during the past couple of weeks, it tends to reinforce russians contains. because just during the last few days we have the united states made so pushing its forces even closer to russia than we have france and the united states. now deploying additional causes in romania, we have the united kingdom announcing grandly and new trilateral alliance with the ukraine and poland. we had an additional horses sent into the baltic states. so, you know, was there confirming precisely what russia has been saying that you have greatly enhanced your geo political advantages to the detriment of ou

so they are being very blunt about what they see in terms of understanding geo politics. geo economic monetary policy. so when you look at the u. s. as a d industrialized dilapidated nation that's important, that has to happen if it were the opposite that would undermine the role of the us dollar, for example, as a reserve currency. because if there were manufacturing in the u. s. if there were a flourishing middle class, if the industrial heartland still existed, the us dollar could not maintain as reserve currency status. because remember the trip and dilemma you need to send all those dollars abroad. you need to have a huge number, massive import versus export. so you need to send all your dollars overseas. that's the only way to do it. also, the petro dollars, we've covered that over the entire middle east. when you look at what's happening and libya, when you look at what happened and iraq or yemen, you know, the need to maintain that petro dollar in order to back the dollar. because the piece in the middle east is a told a lie, like if there were a piece in the middle east, we w

you know, you being a, have a great geo political mind doesn't mean that you are long on morality and unfortunately, they're very separated. but peter, nothing has been nothing. i guess that's an exaggeration very little. has been resolved here. ok, cuz i started out on a more or less optimistic note because recognition of russian security. and this is a one step forward and something when you look at nato's response to russians, a letter of this garbage. i've never got it in writing. you know what does, because it gives me a little bit of hope is that william burns is, is head of the ca, burns was the ambassador to russia back in 2008. and in his memoir, from 2 years ago, back channel, he said, it quotes baker in 990. when he was ambassador russia, he wrote back a memo after george w bush talked about nato spencer ukraine in georgia. a memo to the white house title, yet means and yet don't cross russia's red lines. he repeats that over and over again in his bed memoir, from 2 years ago. and he also says that one thing that unites all russians is the idea, is there opposite the nato e

there had to be a geo political logic, a geo political reasoning for it. oh, why does the united states invest itself? why does it make that decision to invest itself? was it a new form of sort of control so to speak? you know, the us, his interests in siding drug trafficking though, are very hard to pin down in the sense that plan colombia money that the u. s. than invested in, you know, billions of dollars in columbia starting in in the late ninety's early to thousands . this is bill clinton bill clinton initiative. that money was mainly used to go after the fark girl us. they said it was to fight drug trafficking, but very little of it was focused on going after the paramilitaries were the biggest drug traffickers at the time. and most of it was used to go after the park . so the motivations get very murky because what you end up it with is a government that is, you know, very connected to the paramilitaries in the early 2, thousands going after the fart. so the u. s. seemed to be backing one group of truck traffic, chris against another, and about gove

so our team immediately set to work — the first thing we did was try to geo—locate, which is somethingappen? there was very few details at the time but there were some details that the us had released about how far from the airport they had struck. and so the first thing we did was we tried to locate where it happened. immediately as we did we released that information publicly on twitter. that's a huge part of what we do, we want our methodology to be publicly available. and that allowed reporters on the ground to access the site and to do investigations as quickly as possible. in the weeks following, several of my colleagues continued to dig into the deeper details of this. who was targeted, why, and really uncovered that almost everything that the military said had happened that day was false. they analysed videos and photos of the actual site along with weapons experts and found no evidence of what the military had said was a secondary explosion from explosives that were in the vehicle. they were able to get security camera footage that showed the movements of ahmadi, who was targe

and hoping that there is a democratic transition as piece full within the country as possible, didn't geo political muscle flexing actually used to win support for everyone at home? has that changed? well, it's still roots. i mean, he can use some international issues, some social conflicts to show his, his, his muscles in the internet politics. but when you have a financial crisis, and when your own supporters are not still supporting you as powerful as before, it doesn't for people. i mean, if you say that, i mean libya and i'm fighting against that and that, i mean, i'm working with russia buying that muslim results from russia. you can show these people, but when people go home and they can find bread in the refrigerator, that's a huge problem. like it's not just about the politics. he used to do some, some muslim stuff from his stomach stuff like opening. i just thought you're turning it into a most he throat for a couple of months, but after a couple of months, people started to suffer again and again because they come across. so it just worked for a couple of times. but then it doe

strategical geo strategic question about protecting key areas. the u. s. is, is pivoting to asia. so famously, which began under the obama administration already does. this is europe suddenly going to be back on the us map in terms of a, as a priority. as a result of this, that is a very, very important point you're making here. i had the chance to talk to former general portray us yesterday. and he, ex planed really bluntly that in a way of putin, broad nato, back a broad nato together. he said, i quote him here, put in, try to make russia great again. but what he really did, he is making nato to great again. and he is really reinforcing the trans atlantic relationship, which as we all know, really suffered a lot during the trump years. so there is a very, very extensive and intensive exchange between europe and the united states. we saw chancellor olaf shouts visiting president joe biden. they are standing side by side, especially now as shoals announce that he will put a halt and nods for him to this is also a really applauded here within the

there's 2 things there on the geo politics . this language of these information misinformation is misleading. in some cases it's useful. yes, and we'll come back to that. but what a lot of it is, is a different perspective on the j, a political situation and the larger historical context. we talked about the 2014 events and even the justice statement that was just said is massively exaggerated. and we know that there was a terrible conflict. and in the my done the way that in the end, the shooting came from the may dining surgeon themselves as a lot of evidence shown. so it's an absolutely appalling situation. but the key point is that sometimes you dangerous to use the language of this information when it's simply policy disagreements. and this goes back, not just a protein, it goes back to you, and it goes back to the larger geopolitical context of nato enlargement. right, so i mean that the situation is absolutely a pool and i've every sympathy for the inhabitants. so if you thing but and also her gotcha, which has been suffe

have to thank our friends at "nat geo" for their help with this.ze there were 36,000 voyages, 36,000 voyages and approximately a thousand ships were lost and so you had this group of people who are putting their lives on hold. they're leaving their jobs and some still keep them but from all walks of life and they're finding such incredible artifacts and just being able to document it to share with everybody. >> what was your favorite part? >> my favorite part seeing the young ones, seeing her two nieces and how excited they were and how they were learning so much and wanting to learn and they were not thrilled about seeing the shark. they got through it. we'll have so much more on "nightline." i hope you'll tune in for that. we talk about how they go about using a whiteboard when they go by and see the artifacts. they don't bring everything up. you'll see that on "nightline." find out more about tara and the into the depths podcast at natgeo.com. >> thank you for that. today along the east coast you'll want to get into the water. maybe not. the wat

and really setting the pace from that point forward that changed the trajectory of geo politics in the middle east. and certainly in the situation syria much you could have the same situation from today forward, but i think i don't think, i think all bets are off the present time. it's very difficult to say how this is going to play out. but certainly somebody believe that something needed to be done . now, because the situation, all the hysteria that we've seen over the last month or so with regards to the russian invasion and the announcements daily that are coming out, the crazy announcements coming out of washington in terms of intelligence lakes. it really does seem and all the weapons pouring into ukraine. it does seem like a very, very dangerous situation has been building up over the last 2 months. patrick, tele, total. so you had mentioned just, i guess you didn't get out of the western media and all this fear mongering over recent weeks and months. and, you know, i think you already detrimental to people's health, to be perfectly honest with you the way they've been fanning t

does that move happen even further as we con to assess the geo political outlook?us and me. this is bloomberg. . ♪ >> good morning, welcome to bloomberg markets europe. i'm anna edwards. our managing editor joins us from singapore to take us through all of the market action. here are your top headlines. the threat remains. president biden says the u.s. has not verified a pullback of russian troops. but the prospect of reduced tension over ukraine boost stocks. chinese inflation slows both at the factory gate and the

using ukraine as a geo political pon. and this is why he had to say, i think for ukrainians, the fact that they are going to be, as long as they are not part of nature, not part of the you or not closely controlled by russia. they're always going to be tensions around ukraine. ukraine is too big in terms of population in terms of its size, geographically and in terms of its strategic location, halt of europe to be a kind of strategic off to thought in the way that the country like finland can be . that is a given. i think most ukrainians are not surprised by that. i think the big thing for most cranes is where the ukraine is at the table when these discussions are taking place. now vladimir putin has consistently ignored the ukrainians. in recent months, russian leaders calling ukraine of western vessel and took a any to the u. s. administration. the u. s. for it's bought has made a big effort to try to include ukraine's this format even here, anti blinking. you a secretive state saying nothing about ukraine without ukrai

clear that further military aggression against ukraine would have serious political, economic, and geo strategic consequences. for russia hall in moscow, the flash, both sides have made their stances clear, and neither is backing down. but for now, at least every one is still talking. stretching ukraine, n a d w, correspond mathias building a is in kia. welcome mathias. is there still room for diplomacy? fill as always, i guess, a little room for it for diplomacy, even if the chances to succeed a minimum of people would probably still try to undertake them. um, the situation is of course, very dire. we are hearing from military experts that russia is really prepping up all everything they can to, to make an invasion possible. but still talks are going on and they're still receiving shorts now. so i guess there's at least something to talk about. and the german chancellor shall, so i was there were in ukraine yesterday. i did to president's landscape, getting what he wanted from the meeting. what president zalinski got yesterday is an additional loan in it that amounts to $150000000.00.