the global economy.here is an area of reform we need to be discussing. there is a serious negotiation on climate and technology. these two blocks need to be able to establish. the u.n. is a platform for that. g20 is another platform for that. progress in the last g20 on some aspects of reform of banks but we need to go much further. we need to use the g20 and the summit of the future in these aspects. global governance, technology and especially ai, is the emerging economies in developed countries have contradictory interests but can come together to compromise and support each other. the other thing that is essential is someone in another meeting was saying we have the rich, the big, and the rest of the world. we need to create the level of reforms and mechanisms to support those countries. and they are the majority of the developing countries. smaller countries drowning in debt that have no chance to recover from the impact of covid, the invasion of ukraine, that are in a very dramatic situation, unabl

180 countries globally.rther develop the beer category with non—alcohol is the business case, is the idea that we are falling behind, but we also have values of excellence, respect, friendship that we as a company share with the international olympic committee that are an important part of this partnership. well, you just mentioned it, but one of the focuses of the olympics sponsorship and the olympic deal is this nonalcoholic beer. and we know, right, that it's been a trend that's been growing really fast over the last few years. so, again, i've got to ask you, how important is nonalcoholic beer for the industry? and i'm also wondering what what's driving this this change, if you will? so today, the — the size of the nonalcoholic low alcohol beers globally is a relevant market, like $13 billion in value and is growing double digits. but moreover, if you think about what we call incrementality, so when people choose a non—alcohol beer, 60% of these revenues are incremental to the beer category. and this happ

untrue global value change. if you're lucky and you achieve a demographic dividend by lowering the death rate - 5 age range. eventually people start having fewer babies. there is a lag between the discovery andio the action. in the lab there is an artificially created larger than average generation. we had one after the second worldth war that was called the baby boom. that is welcomed. then they grow up into f teenagers, not so welcome. we fear the crime and the revolution, it's 1960s america. then they age into the workplace and you have your thank you to the global economy. lots of workers relative to dependent. the problem isbe you have so muh time to catch that in before you stockpiling old people. this is happening across the world. my point in raising this. every model that we have seen since worldar war ii has been driven fundamentally by a demographic dividend. with the united states, then japan until it was the chinese in our talking about the hindu miracle, their graphic is 500 million workers coming

global a.i.d.s.dinator and senior bureau official for global health security and diplomacy for the department of state. he worked as the w.h.o. special envoy for africa during the covid-19 pandemic. he is a cher, the current administrator of the u.s. agency for international development for global health, as well as board- certified, in general surgery. pursuant to the committee on oversight and accountability, real 9g, the witnesses will please stand and raise the right hands. do you solemnly swear or affirm that the testimony you are about to give is the truth, the whole truth, and nothing but the truth, so help you god? thank you. let the record show that the affirmative. this selective subcommittee certainly appreciates you all being here today. and i am sorry we had a delay in this meeting, but we are grateful you are here today, and look forward to your testimony. let me remind the witnesses, we written statements and they will appear in full in the hearing. but, please limit your oral statemen

for global challenges.he wonder that -- little wonder that people everywhere are losing faith in government, institutions, financial and economic systems. dear friends, in timesntial app, the world was able to come together to mitigate risks. even during the cold war, the world faced terrible regional conflict, moments of great danger, that there were systems in place to promote predictability, including initiatives on arms control and nuclear hotlines. today, many of these systems have been eroded or undermined. instead of nuclear disarmament, there is talk of nuclear rearmament. states are spending billions making their nuclear arsenals faster, stealthy or and more accurate. the cold war, an era of two superpowers, was followed by a brief period of unity polarity. but now some analysts predict we are moving into a totally chao otic situation in which geopolitical divides at all levels prevent any global response to global threats. but i strongly believe it is possible to prevent this disaster scenario. i

anyway, in sum, the wto like globalization itself is oniz defense today and were defending globalizationso who better to talk with us about all this stuff than our guest today? dr. okonjo-iweala took office as director-general in 2021 and is been insanely busy ever since. in the last 2+ years she has spearheaded efforts to not merely write the wto ship and conclude. negotiations and new member of sessions but to reassert the importance of globalization and the wto for economic growth, or economic department and for the environment. before becoming the director-general, she twice served as the jews finance minister and briefly as foreign minister. the first woman to hold both positions. she also a 25 year career at the world bank as its ultimate coffers rising to the number two position there. throughout this impressive career, dr. ngozi has been a firm believer in and vocal taping of the power of trade to let developing countries out of poverty, to help them and others achieve robust economic growth and to make the world greener along the way. she has more awards and accolades than i can

my point the global middle class through line or the global middle class is overwhelmingly going to bes i noted earlier, asian stop south asia, east asia as the primary sources. the struggle to get access to this population that has historically grown up with unprocessed unpackaged unbranded goods now we begin to branded packaged processed goods we know for eexample from when you buy your first carmaker first presidential vote when you collect yourself enough to focus on a brand you tend to stick with the brand often for the rest of your life. with all of that 2 to 3 billion consumers coming online over the next 20 to 30 years that's what china as much interest in capturing as the resources having access to the middle class making them happy is going to define the atrule sets of government globalization. eu has a model. and the russians finally get around to getting mad and nasty again they fight in ukraine instead of germany. that's a tremendous strategic vision i would argue and best display of soft power execution anywhere in the world. we know what the russian model is a goes back

china is an important engine of global development. over the years, its contribution to world economic growth has stayed around 30%. last year 2023, the chinese economy rebounded and moved upward with an estimated growth of around 5.2%. higher than around 5% target set at the beginning of last year. in promoting economic development would it not result to massive stimulus. we did not seek short-term growth while accumulating long-term risks. rather, we focused on the internal drivers. as the second largest economy in the world, china has established decades of development, just as a healthy person often has a strong immune system, chinese economy can handle ups and downs in its performance. the overall trend of long-term growth will not change. in terms of industrial base china is the only country with industries across all in the u.n. industry classification. the added value of china's manufacturing industry accounts for around 30% of the global total ranking first in the world for 14 consecutive years. chinese also homed over 200 mat

response to global threats.i strongly believe it is possible to prevent this disastrous confident we can buiw multipolar global [indiscernible] with new opportunities for leadership and balance and justice in relationships. left to itself, it could deepen fault lines between the g20 and erthe only way to manage this complexity and avoid the slide into chaos is through a reformed, inclusive network new this requires a strong frameworks and effective mechanisms of global government. without them, further fragmentation is inevitable and the consequences are clear. we see an epidemic of impunity around the world. we see some countries doing whatever it takes to further their own interests at all costs, from russia's invasion oe trembling on the geneva convention and even violating the united nations charter. is standing by civilians, mostly women and children, are killed, mangled, and murdered and denied humanitarian aid. i repeat my callor cease-fire in gaza in a process for sustained peace for two-state solution.

it has a global dominant position, the china on roughly about 70 percent of the global solar supply chain over 50 percent of the global wind supply chain and so on. the global renewable energy transition will not be able. busy to be achieved without trying so supply chain supports and to i think china will continue to focus on a lot of the strategic projects that are, that are essential choice, national security. so it's, for example, china recently expressed a support for a new land bridge project in thailand that are essentially created a past way as an alternative to oil shipping route across the street of mulatto. so the street of block has traditionally be considered a strategic bonner ability for china, but also what, what's your view on, on the growing relationship to the strategic partnerships we're seeing between china and middle east and states. it was increasing the economical partnership is what is mainly the relationship of importing an exporting world. but they want to move up the technology rather change the spider economies and china and investing infrastructure and part o

response to global threats. but i strongly believe it is possible to prevent this disastrous scenario. i am confident we can build a new, multipolar global order with new opportunities for leadership, and with balance and justice in international relations. but multipolarity creates complexity. left to itself, it could deepen fault lines, between north and south, east and west, developed and developing economies, within the g20, and between the g20 and everyone else. the only way to manage this complexity and avoid a slide into chaos is through a reformed, inclusive, networked multilateralism. now this requires strong multilateral institutions and frameworks, and effective mechanisms of global governance. without them, further fragmentation is inevitable, and the consequences are clear. we see an epidemic of impunity around the world. we see some countries doing whatever it takes to further their own interests at all costs. from russia's invasion ofss ukraine, to sudan, and, more recently, gaza, parties to confl

brix is ​​such an organizing principle at the global level for the global south and east, but not onc basis, i want to especially emphasize this, on the principles of mutual respect, sovereign choice of development path, ensuring in practice the key principle of the un charter, the sovereign equality of the state, if you please note, since the creation of the un. all her subsequent activities are a clear example of the fact that in not a single crisis situation, not in a single conflict, neither the united states nor its allies ever respected the principle of sovereign equality of the state, they always wanted to be more equal than others, and so, of course, the accession of new members to the brix, which i once again ... is a product of the brix countries by purchasing power parity has already accounted for about a third of the corresponding global values ​​and exceeded the corresponding indicators of the group of seven. brix accounts for 30% of the earth's land mass, 45% of the world's population, significant volumes of global oil production and other resources, and about a quarter

the defending globalization project is intended to defend globalization. a relatively free movement of ideas across national borders from its increasingly vocal critics. for nearly 30 years, the wto and the multilateral trading system. a negotiating forum for a 164 member government, providing a system for resolving disputes among them. a clearinghouse for trade related information. as a trade lawyer, i wholeheartedly endorse all three of those pillars. it is an excellent place. the importance of the wto to modern globalization cannot be overstated. over three quarters of cross-border trade is carried out based on wto members commitments. commitments national governments have voluntarily undertaken and often mix long-standing and politically sensitive restrictions on traits of goods and services, industrial and agricultural subsidies and under discriminatory economic policies. meanwhile the wto's dispute settlement system has long been considered the crown jewel of international law. a system national governments have successfully used hundreds of times to

the west tree goes when you come to the global problems of global programs with disease or lucky that issues to do with the ecology and so on. and so forth. we, uh, the bridge is produced as of a, my grandson, the wallet. and so all those things the way the duke's gosh is that we, uh, really clients, uh we have, we have the p o o r a did the p f like one of them is and in many cases they've been pretty wages for. ready possible cell phones now. oh then do we come as a force our that'd be that number. so how do we come as a new trick? do ports if we're still in data, if we us do up still paying to the june of, of the paper. so that is where the challenge will help present. most of the need is big board with fox, which you guys and he speaks very, very well. but at the end of that do what we are looking at is our voice that he brings a being set up for the audio. is that? yes, i didn't bother you. place you guys enough for got on globally in general. how. what if it goes back and forth? how if the countries that, quote unquote, he's leading us to the recipients of 8 as stewards, superio

we're globalization in many. i like to argue that our identity as americans is the most important identity any us will have. we're going to have all sorts other identities. green bay packers. season ticket holder. father six okay, but collectively, individually, what we do as americans alters this planet like nobody else. and that's why identity with the united states is crucial. in my way of thinking, we created system that was built on rules without a ruler. we purposely sought to raise up other countries peacefully. now that succeeded in doing that rather broadly across the world, we're kind of scared by our creation. the frankenstein monster imagery from earlier because it's no longer a world that we can shape as much as it shapes us. it's also not a world that resembles white america, the future, globalization is overwhelmingly nonwhite, non-american, non european, non-western, and that freaks a lot of. our political systems out because they no longer see future. they recognize themselves in. and that's wher

this is centered in the global south. we are headed from an east west kind of world to that's the grand strategic things. >> i'm deeply invested in the future, black lives matter to me. deiesg and all of that stuff it's all very really and important with my two ma littlials and four genz. they have been living in that world for the last 20, 25 years. ian don't have to explain any of it to them. they have to explain to me not to use tertane terms and make certain expressions and disscripters. they don't have to think or process this what so ever. it's a real thing to them. these are the people that will step forward. it's a zone of turbulence between now0, and 2070, 2080. demographic collapse and the demande of the global inmiddle-class and intersect. anyone of those will be a big enough change to dominate a century. well t have all three going on t the same time. the notion is look beyond today's problem and ask yourself what kind of super power we want to be in 20, 30, 40, 50 years. we willo go through the tremendous pre

if i have seen globally. when it comes to all these global organizations and conferences for con presidents, so well with their focus on free guides, but then what happens after that? so we spend a lot of grubby task for many of these things. she's but yeah, my guess i champ, mind is not, is not you every day pass on. but then what, what in effect, something, what effective agenda does, he have got to change the way the wall. it looks like every scene, not only just the wage looks, i forgot to truly though it looks like a rubies. no, but trade climate change. like, what can we do, the restore plans here, so the se, stoking to not move me through stroking. we need to get the ways that you want to very important point the which is around financial dependence. dma. one of the big issues on the table has been about trying to reform the financial architecture be international financial architecture. and i'm wondering what that looks like in the eyes of the non aligned movement. how do you go about doing that and w

they've also increased global commercial cost. the us and uk have militarized the region with their strikes on yemen. an exodus of shipping companies from the region now threatens to scuttle supply chains and increase consumer prices. more than 150 commercial ships have chosen the longer route since november. the red sea is one of the most important arteries in the global shipping. donc effectivement il a à peu près 12 % du commerce mondial qui transite par le canal de suèze mais plus important pour nous les européens c'est qu'il a à peu près 40 % du trafic de container donc tous les biens qui nous viennent d'asie qui transite par le canal de suèce. any sustained disruption in trade there could sent a ripple effect of higher cost throughout the world economy. this is particularly true of energy. 12% of seaborn oil and 8% of licofied natural gas lng transits the suis canal. ships shuning the red sea will have to instead sail around the horn of africa, which can cost $1 million more round trip and additional fuel costs. let's take a

people going out to see you inside story the well we have a global panel to speak about this global movement and the uganda in capital. can paula, we have nicholas thing. grandma, he's economist for the daily monica national newspaper in the interviewing capital . chicata and the by uni is a form editor that you cause a post and also in component without some it's been taking place. fema out cuz he directs that of united nations office for south south cooperation. a very warm welcome to you. well thank you for being on inside story with us today and nicholas also with you as you are. oh so that and can paula. so let me ask you, in the face of 2 ongoing was right now and, and ukraine and gaza, where great powers are involved as well as what something called a 2nd cold war between the u. s. and, and china. what does it mean right now? so the country is there and can paula, what does it mean to be non aligned in the face of these 2 wars? it's a very great test for. ready what we mean and what to have and what we defined as known alignment. because if the global issues and the depth pause that a

and what does that mean for the global - global south now. the global north? | that mean for the global north? we talk about this on our programme at this time of day but in terms of the general conversation about this in the key economies in the world, i.e., the us, europe, etc, are they taking more notice? i think so. you can see even the former british foreign secretary last year mr cleverley made a speech about how global governance institutions, he said, they needed to be reformed to the un security council needed to be widened. so, there is recognition in the global north that there does need to be reformed. but of course, this is about power politics too and countries in the global north are finding it difficult to accept they are being contested, competed with in the way that they are. and they will lose some power and so, this is what i think this is all about too.— this is what i think this is all about too. _, ., ., i. all about too. good to get your take. interesting. _ all about too. good to get your take. interesting. doctor- al

so it will lead to some of the flex any pressures in the global economy. just as inflation was, was cooling down um, overall. and you and, and just to be clear, when we're talking about the shipping containers, we're talking about them carrying everything from shoes to cop pods. so everything becomes more expensive, essentially. absolutely. at the good, the good news is that we haven't seen the massive lags and delays and the delivery of of these goods because supply chains have been rejected since the coven shock. many of the producers may, the suppliers, the customers of the shipping lines, the retailers, they all realize that they can't continue to rely on the dominant model of, of, of before, which was just in time delivery to have very low stockpiles, very low inventory to keep costs down they realize that they need to build redundancies into supply chains and make things in different countries so that they can be resilience actually. and supply chains have been remarkably resilient to this. to this shock. we have just started seeing and station come

so the government applies to global economic sort of domestic economics. but trump, well, i think because highly critical of brought by and as an economic manager and for some of the things to the law information vices. that's a potentially probably message john from a market point severe. who is the better president? isn't product. oh, is it president boston? i mean, i think in terms of predictable policy and follow trial relations with, with china, which of a c, k for the global economy. and also relations with europe as well, and then then then fight in would be back to a financial market. it's just purely because of, of a more predictable and more amenable to, to friendly relations with that, you know, with the rest of the world. okay. it was really good to get people perspective. unfortunately, we are out of time. thank you to john harrison managing direct take global data ts longmont and brendan aqona, profess of us politics and for relations at the university of sydney. thank you. by the, the will in gauze that has led to the death of more than 2300

and i'm saying about, you know, the global global level. but i'm happy that science is becoming important. let me put it most specific as a slot. tell him that question because shed be a straddles a number of quite sensitive geo political fault lines. on the one hand, you're sponsoring a successful global resolution of the united nations. on the other hand, maintaining friendly relations with russia. for instance, on the one hand you have a foot in the european union on the other hand or foot rather a foot in the chinese camp. a big supporter and very involved in the built in road initiative. how sensitive is that balance to maintain? well actually for me it comes naturally. i mean i'm a scientist. so as, as i said previously for me, the board there is don't exist. so everywhere where is a good science, where is the chance to collaborate, where is a chance to grow together? i will choose that from, from the perspective of the ministry or minister of science, because i think 2 to 5, the global challenges we need to really think globally. and

they also pressing full changes in the global financial system. so then there's also a pricing on there, i guess, there, but as, as the global sales and at the cups summit on books, climate change in lamesa and many other countries are pressing the, the, the countries to do this here to, you know, to dismiss a 4 countries to help them cope with climate change. so that's a lot of questions and that's a lot of organizations and with a multi lateral or regional, they're not putting pressure. and the same thing, the, in the interest of the go, the south end, do you mentioned breaks that in addition to the countries that you mentioned was a, so russia, india, china, as all africa. we now have egypt, if you, if you around saudi arabia and the way you join you, obviously it's not considered non aligned. you have russia and then you have china . and now you have a ron in there as well. i'm wondering about how we're seeing this, this global order being shaped by these different blocks. nicholas, somebody threw this one to you. do you see these blocks these

group and its annual global risk report. the us presidential election has the dubious honor of top global risk rushes invasion of ukraine. israel's war against promising garza and el nino are also included for 2024. we're going to be now is the in river president, founder observation group and g 0 media. and it's good to see us. could we meet like this every year? it seems like in january, let's talk 1st about the us presidential election of the risk. number one, you are not below here in putting it at the top of the list. i'd like to get your reaction to what a constitutional law professor told me last night on this program. when i asked about a possible trump victory, come november, take a listen. donald trump becomes president again. she's already decided he's going to re vengeance on anyone who opposes him, especially the so called enemy he already has in the government and anybody who didn't vote for him before. but he's also going to join with other strong been dictators around the country. i mean around the world and

it is a global challenge.ably we should ask oecd to work on a common framework for a global carbon market as they did successfully on the global minimum taxation. if i'm allowed to i would like to add a second remark. to finance all our needs from transition fighting poverty and to prepare for the aging societies. i think there is one solution, given the demographics, given the investment needs. i i think we have to foster our productivity, and this is why i'm advocating for structural reforms in the labor markets, in technology, cutting red tape, being more competitive when it comes to corporate taxation. well, obviously i'm talking about the reform agenda of the germany, but i think others have to face similar challenges. we in germany we have to do our homework and probably we are part of a model because others have similar challenges. we had to solve our debt and deficit issues, which has made me becoming the loneliest minister in cabinet, but we succeeded to solve our debt issues and now we have to streng

police and we especially don't have global maritime police without global shipping and the globalizedmy. this is the big fear that has become apparent from these red sea attacks. it is not just about the red sea, it is about the vulnerability of our globalized supply chains, because what is happening in the red sea can happen in other waterways and outside busy waterways. rajini: indeed, and that brings it all home as to how it might affect people at home and on the high street. elisabeth braw of the atlantic council's transatlantic security initiative, thank you for taking us through that story. around the world and across the u.k., this is bbc news. let's take a look at other stories making the news. the u.k. economy group by more than expected in a november, according to new official figures. the office for national statistics said economy by 4.3%. the growth was driven by the services sector including a boost to retail from the black friday sales. a woman in her -- and her former partner have been given life sentences for thmurder of their 18-month-old son. he died in a caravan in

she had the backing of the global luxury goods giant lvmh. today, fenty has made rihanna a billionaire, but she's not alone. kyliejenner, one of the most followed people in the world on social media, launched a makeup line and became hugely successful all by the age of 21. the cosmetics industry, it's one of the most disrupted out there, as well as coping with covid. it's had to deal with an onslaught of these start—ups, which use the founder who can talk directly to customers on social media to drive growth and create a seemingly personal relationship with them. that's according to one of the authors of one of the most widely read reports in the cosmetic and beauty world. they're not necessarily celebrity driven, many of them are, but often there's a very strong founder story. and that story can be someone who had a skin problem, be it acne, something else, and that they found ingredient or solution that helped them. and then they developed a product and then developed a range of products. a lot of it has to do with the visual nature of it,

hi, good morning. _ global oil supply. hi, good morning, sally, _ global oil supply.d morning, sally, thanks - global oil supply. hi, good morning, sally, thanks fori morning, sally, thanks for having me. so far i think global markets have been relatively complacent on the risk of escalation in the middle east, so i think a bit of reaction on the oil price is normal. all prices are higher because people are worried about the supply and also mostly villages logistic concerns as well. as you mentioned, this is a very important trade canal between asia and the west, so the longer this problem persists the more uncertainty it poses to container ships and the impact on global trade. also, is very unpredictable - impact on global trade. also, is very unpredictable what. is very unpredictable what might happen next, because so far the houthi rebels, who are in support of gaza and hamas have not heeded any warnings coming from the us and others. yes, i think this is a major escalation because they think the frequency of the attacks on vessels and container ships has increased

a 10 percent global oil carried by ships goes through that straight. now the suez canal connects the red sea with the mediterranean sea. it's the shortest shipping bridge between europe and asia. 15 percent of the wealth, maritime traffic pauses for the suez canal. now since november of last year, the herd fees have targeted vessels near bob and forcing may just shipping and oil companies to suspend operations through the red sea. so rerouted vessels will have to make a longer journey all the way down the east coast of africa by the southern tip of the continent. okay, let's hope now to i'm at hello, he's an economic and political risk analyst and mean and direct to the global council. thank you so much for joining the program. what has the impact of the who, the attacks and the red sea since november had on shipping delays and at shipping costs will not be freight rates have gone on an insurance risk premiums. the companies on the right these vessels traveling into these risk and waters. those, those opinions have haven't gone up the popular shanghai

i think it is fair to assess that and the global- foreseeable.r to - assess that and the global shipping industry, the container shipping industry, the container shipping industry, is seeing the ugly face of geopolitics more often than ever before. we used to say that in the strait of hormuz, impacting mostly the imports of oil. but we are seeing now is more severe, narrowing in on container shipping. this is a tense area for shipping. without doubt this is not only the carriers that need to act, it is also the global shippers that also need to assess the geopolitical risk of their global supply chains in a different perspective. in the short term, what did they do? long—term will they change their supply chains permanently? as we've been hearing, the red sea crisis has already been pushing up the cost of shipping. and the threat of another conflict in the gulf has also raised the price of oil today, which has risen by more than 3% since the airstrikes against the houthi rebels that have been attacking ships. there have been warnings from the bri

wherever i 90, is a global problem.ether brazil, or china, we hear the same thing. young people seem to don't want to become truck drivers. this could be a huge problem for the global logistical system. trucks are some kind of bloodstream of society. if trucks are not moving we will not have food on the shelves in our stores, not have food on the shelves in ourstores, injust not have food on the shelves in our stores, injust a not have food on the shelves in ourstores, injusta number of hours or perhaps days. so this we need to address and we are trying to do our best as a vehicle manufacturer to create an attractive vehicle with attractive appealing and ergonomic workspace, with a good bed, good infotainment system. so that at least life in the cab can be made really attractive. i think we need to go beyond that. this is a systems issue. we need to look into drivetime. we need to look into drivetime. we need to look into giving younger people opportunity to return to base and sleep in their own bed when they come home.