i condemn slavery so did jefferson. i don't condemn jefferson. i, i don't know that i would have done any better if i been in jefferson's position, born into his virginia and into his family. and i don't find it easy to put myself into the shoes of someone from the past and be judgmental all because i know that we are all so much a proud act of circumstance says considerably beyond our control. jefferson was hated in his own, of course, just as to some extent he's hated now. he's hated as a jacobean revolutionary, as a, theist as and agnostic, as a populist demagogue. he was also a president to preached against strong executive but excess, very strong executive power when he felt it was in his ideological and his view of the nation's selfish to do so. for example, of course, the louisiana purchased a it was also a man who preached against and detested actually more than preached. again, she detested a lot of the things we take for granted as desirable like banks and banking and wall street and industry any sizable way. and he certainly detested i

so did jefferson. i don't condemn jefferson. i don't know that i would've done any better if i had been in jefferson's position, born into virginia into his family. i do not find it easy to put myself into the shoes of someone from the past and be judgmental because i know that we are all so much a product of circumstances considerably. beyond our control. jefferson was hated on his own time just does to some extent he is hated now. as an atheist, an agnostic, revolutionary, a populist demagogue. also preached against strong executive power. exercise very strong executive power. ideological and his view of the nation self-interest to do so. of course, the louisiana purchase. he was also a man who preached against and detested a lot of the things we take for granted and desire. like banks and banking. and wall street. and industry. he certainly detested urbanization. the foul pit of iniquity and disease. what came to mind immediately one thought of baltimore or philadelphia. or washington. the one city he never had anything harsh

i condemn slavery and so did jefferson. i don't condemn jefferson. i don't know that i would have done any better if i had been in jeffersons position, born into his virginia and family. i don't find it easy to put myself into the shoes of someone from the past and to be judgmental, because i know we are all a product of circumstances considerably beyond our control. jefferson was hated in his own time to some extent. he is hated now and being revolutionary, atheist, agnostic , popular demagogue and also a president who preached against strong executive power and exercised strong executive power when he felt that it was in his ideological and view of the nations self interest to do so, for example, the louisiana purchase. he was a man who preached against and tested -- he detested a lot of things we take for granted as desirable, like banks and banking, wall street, industry and he certainly detested organization , foul pet of an equity and disease and that came to mind immediately about baltimore or philadelphia. we were walking early as we were tal

jefferson. and he's recently turned his gaze to george washington, which the subject of his book that's a finalist for the george washington prize. so all of you. thank you very much much. so i have to meet with another mike. so give us a second here. i'll just try to think of the names, friends. don't exclude yourself. i miss my. well, that would be a that would a great question. what your relationship is to each one of these both while writing it afterwards. and but first, i might actually note that this is the first time that all four finalists have been biographies. and i thought that might be a great way. start the conversation. and i'll ask you a few questions. and i want to be clear to feel like you can be rude. interrupt me. you know, interject when you feel necessary not here to hear me. talk here to you all. share your thoughts and your work in these. so, stacy, i thought i'd start with you and your biography on somebody named sam adams, who may be the most well-known known revolutiona

jefferson. and he's recently turned his gaze to george washington, which the subject of his book that's a finalist for the george washington prize. so all of you. thank you very much much. so i have to meet with another mike. so give us a second here. i'll just try to think of the names, friends. don't exclude yourself. i miss my. well, that would be a that would a great question. what your relationship is to each one of these both while writing it afterwards. and but first, i might actually note that this is the first time that all four finalists have been biographies. and i thought that might be a great way. start the conversation. and i'll ask you a few questions. and i want to be clear to feel like you can be rude. interrupt me. you know, interject when you feel necessary not here to hear me. talk here to you all. share your thoughts and your work in these. so, stacy, i thought i'd start with you and your biography on somebody named sam adams, who may be the most well-known known revolutiona

what can jefferson tell us today? and what would adjust the world and the 21st century looked like the over 3 centuries ago, the age of enlightenment began, bringing with the progress, reese and human rights. today these achievements are risk. do we need a new enlightenment? the 21st century? the i've been invited to a conference in berlin to speak about the subject of feminism. i often get asked to appear on tv talk shows when they feature racism and injustice, especially since the publication of my book, why we matters the now. we're then as my home now, but i was born and raised near paris. i started in new york and london was a researcher in new york and worked in cambodia, tons in the antonio. as i look around the world today, the issue of inequality seems to be attracting, growing public attention is under your, our share because we can see a system with fundamental problems thing and the fluid us be courageous and not afraid. liberation is an uncomfortable process. and let's seized the opportunity provided by t

jefferson davis doesn't do that because jefferson davis knew better right. and we can we can go to a fight between these two gentlemen. two, two, really encapsulate that in brief. so when the confederacy is formed, they need to appoint general officers. they need to appoint them. and joseph johnston at the time is the quartermaster general of the united states army. and he think great, i'm gog to be the highest ranking officer in the confederacy because i'm the highest ranking guy who resigned tir commission in the unid states army. not so, says jefferson davis in fact, johnston falls behind samuel cooper, albert sydney johnon and robert e lee. so he's not even the first johnston. he's he's his fourth and the second johnston and i mean, he was upset. i'll say that in march 1861, confederate congress had authorized the appointment of five officers to the great a brigadier general and the law stipulate to that quote the relative rank of each grade should be determined by the former commissions in the u.s. army. a perfect joe johnston has the highest rank, but

the paris is the city that connects me to thomas jefferson. i grew up and went to school in one of its suburbs. my sister and father are the only members of my family still living here. whenever i'm in town, i stay with the cables. she's a car geologist at a paris hospital and normally goes to work early in the morning. but today there's time for us to enjoy a french breakfast together. and friends, women like us who are born to black mother and a white father are called mid cheese or mixed race. we grew up used to terminology like this, together with race of slogans at school, at the workplace, and even in our own family, the most comfortable . she said she just takes down. you're gonna make him. i remember this time back when i was a med student in turn, when one of my classmates asked a girlfriend of mine a question. she didn't know the answer, but i did. and he said, i'm not listening to you. you have no idea. when i asked him why he looked at me and said, because they're black though that was really hard and i said, i'm sure he was lookin

thank you for that, vice chair jefferson. vice chair jefferson: you're welcome. ellen: let me start with a key debate that we have heard at this conference already. you touched on it a little bit. and that has been how to interpret the changes in premia in thinking about the rise of long-term yields. some arguments in the debate suggests structural developments are persistent rather than a temporary source, of higher term premium. do you agree with that premise around persistence? how would a higher persistence of term premium affect or into your outlook for monetary policy? vice chair jefferson: thank you for that question. it is certainly the case that we are aware, and i am aware, of the recent run-up in real yields, particularly in the long end of treasuries. there can be a variety of sources for that. if we think about what the total structure of interest rates is composed of. we have the expected future value of short-term rates as associated with policy. then the term premium. it could be the case, as i mentioned in my speech, that investors think that rea

host: thomas jefferson?uest: yes and he woulte certain higher ups in the tribe to come with him to washington and they came back home. to go and see the great father. it was an invitation in a way but it was also saying yes, we are pretty big on this landscape and we are coming west. thdiplomatic aspect of this story cannot be oremphasized because it was huge. they had to find out who was ou there. who's land that they were going to be occupying in effect. who were these people that were living there. host: so when it came to returning to washington, did any of the chiefs, with them? guest: yes, one did. actually probably several over the course after. but definitely one did his name was shaheke and he came back with him to washington. host: and what was his reception? guest: the problem was getting him back home and that took longer than they thought. but he got to see so many new and unusual things for him and then when he finally was returned to his tribe and told his tribe about it they did not believe h

>> jefferson is a master synthesis. he brings together all of these enlightenment ideas and certainly locke , that is one of the primary things he is drawing from. he is also drawing from the scottish enlightenment, people like adam smith, some of the writings of inequality comes from them. rankling made a critical edit in the declaration, the original words said we hold these truths to be sacred and undeniable, that is jefferson's language and franklin said no, we hold these truths to be self- evident. that is straight from scottish moral sense velocity. you just know these things as a human being. such a small edit they are introducing a whole other branch of philosophy. >> if it it is self-evident why do you have to say it your applying common sense. >> absolutely. >> locke, yes . what about classical antiquity. i mentioned i have this massive book here about the enlightenment. this was written a couple of years ago, i'm going back to page 708 -- >> we are not making this up. >> historians -- to historical and intell

and why did thomas jefferson choose meriwether lewis?uest: louis was his private secretary and he knew him. he had basically handpicked him and wanted him trained to do this expedition. and then lewis had served with clark as a commanding officer previously and so he approached clark and said would you be my partner in this expedition? host: did that military training come in handy? guest: yes it did for sure it was a military expedition and in fact here in washington by lafayette square is a statue to baron von steuben in the military drill men that they used was baron von steuben's. so every single time they made camp it was all laid out, where their cook stoves would be. they had's -- three squads of men. where those cook areas would be, where the toilet would be pure --. it was all laid out by the manual. host: were they friends? guest: yes they were very good friends in fact that is part of the story that is most remarkable. you don't find them in the journals complaining about each other at all. they might have gotten annoyed sever

that's jefferson's language. franklin texas, pancho says, no, we we hold these truths to be self-evident. that from scottish moral sense philosophy, this idea that you just know things as as a human being. and it's amazing that just with such a small edit, they're introducing a whole nother sort of branch of philosophy. so i think it's self-evident why do you have to say it? yeah, that is an enlightenment. common sense. yeah. applying common sense. moral sense. yep yeah, absolutely. yeah. so, locke. yeah, yeah. about antiquity. all right. so i, i have this massive i care about the enlightenment. this is written by richey roberts in a couple of years ago and going to go back to what, page 708. all right. so he's making this stuff up. it's coming straight from the text historians have wish to place the founding of the american within two historical and intellectual. one is the influence of locke. the other is the lasting importance of classical theories. classical, plato instance. although plato is no democrat. and

jefferson did everything he could to derail it. madison jefferson's disciple. so it would be madison and the great dolley who who pushed this to stay in this great city, and they rebuilt it. and the great architect, latrobe, french, british, french, anglo, franco, architect, really paid true to the great vision of of, you know, washington and the others. so and it's through their fortitude that we get to have this conversation here today instead of in philadelphia, which would be far less fun for, of course, all due respect to my friends from of course of course. but i feel like we have i mean, gosh, i could do this for hours, but i know folks have questions and we may have some online questions as well. but let's go ahead and open up. yes, bruce, that here might. but i think they're going to bring up a microphone. so our friends at c-span can probably the questions in case of somebody can't hear and it's a a so yeah latrobe admired though he didn't like it he admired long font the architect so he kept pretty true you know to the original idea of the city georg

despite what jefferson was writing right here. especially november 27th. >> this is what i'm teaching about. it is like the civil war. no professional scholar that i know of right now, would disagree with the statement that slavery costs a school. it does not cause the civil war. you can't make the same blanket statement about anything for the american revolution. there all of these policies. this is going up near the 1770s. that all comes together. the big point that the americans are getting at, they want us to control their own destiny. they want to determine what would happen in their lives. if there was one thing that did cause independence, and pushes it over the edge, it is the war. the war starts more than a year before the declaration. >> he was already in charge of washington. he was taking charge of the army. they are enacted >> is never really materialized. you can tell that they are unpopular. you can tell that the declaration is right here. i'm not different in saying slavery caused the direct revolution. is it a tri

this is thomas jefferson's reply.hat jefferson does is she thinks madison for -- he thanks for the news but says he knew it already. madison has sent him a copy and jefferson says he already has a copy. jefferson flatters madison and says with respect to the federalist, the three authors have been named to me. he says i read it with care and pleasure and was satisfied there was nothing in it by one of those hands and by that he meant john jay. and he continues and not a great deal by hamilton. jefferson continues, does the highest honor to the third, by that he means madison who he is writing to, as being the best commentary on the principles of government. these two letters by jefferson and madison preserve the context of which the federalist essays were written and also how they were received. >> arizona state university professor colleen sheehan, what was the role of the bill of rights in the federalist papers? >> first of all, i have to mention that arizona state university and the school of civic and economic tho

and that's what jefferson is really responding to. so there's really the last chapter of the book is about this and frankly, i thought it would be more of the book when i my original plan was and it's such a fascinating story, how people have continued to respond to her. i call it her afterlives, but so i'm starting at the beginning and i'm going to get to the message i was asking. so really, secretary, really, really. what you have is black and white abolitionists in the early republic keeping her memory alive. she's she's they are they republish her poems in william lloyd garrison's liberator, both black and white anti-slavery people use her as an example or they teach her they use they use her poems in schools so people know who she is. but what you see is a backlash against that. that happens that you can already see starting to happen with jefferson and then in the in the in the early republic and of really building by the time you get to the late 19 century but so what and what eventually happens in the jim crow reconstruction a

that and that that jefferson. so in 1803 he reached to to jackson it was then so simply a justice on the supreme court in tennessee and commander of the west tennessee militia. and in a letter he explained what his ultimate purpose was, and that was he said, you know, we're going to we'll try to make the indians of the south, small farmers, but ultimately for their own happiness and their own best interests, they're going to have to be resettled in louisiana. that is to say west and in mississippi. we're going to have to force them to move west. so here are in 1803, jefferson was planning that seat in the mind of of andrew jackson. i that to be remarkable a remarkable point. well the creek war itself began as civil war among the creek indians that was occasion by the policies their indian agent again trying to coax them into a farming economy by loss of of their of game due to encroachment by whites from tennessee encroachment from georgia is a growing on the periphery of the creek country country that together wi

thomas jefferson offered for reasons for protecting free speech. first, the freedom of speech is an unalienable natural right that comes from god or nature, not government. second, that free speech is necessary for the discovery and spread of political truth. third, the free speech is necessary to hold public officials to account. and fourth, it is necessary for democratic. now, not all of those were shared by the all of the founders. and you've taught in your writings that it was really a concern about the collective self-determine of the people that was at the centerpiece of so many of the founders. and that's that evolved the course of american history. but i want you to teach our friends how those jeffersonian ideals were or not by the different founders and who were leading voices in the founding on behalf of free speech. so it's such a great honor to be back here. and yeah, you're right. way back when, you know, when i had black hair and you were just a lad, that's when we first met. and and this is an audience, but some men rashly said one t

well bill, washington and jefferson and lincoln are dead. they began our democracy, but they knew the job would have to be finished by those who lived after them. and they knew that this democracy would last only as long as its citizens were willing to keep working on it. it's our government bill. from here on it's up to us. all right. good afternoon students. welcome back to class. today we will be discussing the oregon country, specifically the oregon boundary and the process by the united states and great britain negotiated the boundaries between the united

washington and jefferson and lincoln are dead.democracy, but they knew that the job would have to be finished by those who lived after him. in this democracy would last only as long as the citizens were willing to keep working on it. it's our government, bill. from here on, it is up to us. ♪ ♪ >> today, hearing on the continue problem of harmful counterfeit goods sold online in the shop save act, the u.s. chamber account rents, $500 billion, and the cost of the global economy, 2.5 million jobs lost each year. watch the sub committee hearing life at euclid 30 p.m. eastern on c-span three. free mobile video app, online, at c-span.org. thank you. ♪ ♪ the first of three autobiographies by frederick douglass. it deeply personal and sometimes graphic language, he describes his childhood years on the eastern shore of maryland. his time as a slave in baltimore. and his escape north in 1838. the book was widely sold and is a scheduled to be the cause

and in his virginia bill for religious freedom, thomas jefferson offered four reasons for protecting free speech. first it is an unalienable natural right that comes from god or nature and not government. second that it is necessary for the discovery and spread of political truth, third, it is necessary to hold public officials to account, and it is necessary for democratic self- government. not all of those were shared by all of the founders. you have taught in your writings that there was a concern about the collective self-determination of the people that was at the centerpiece of so many founders and that involved -- evolved. i want you to teach our friends how those jeffersonian ideals were accepted and not by the different founders and who were the leading voices on behalf of free speech? >> it is such a great honor to be back here. you are right. way back when, when i had black hair and you were just a lad when we first had that. and this is an amazing audience. but salman rushdie said thing at the end that should concern us all. to look around and there are not enough young p

well bill, washington and jefferson and lincoln are dead. they began our democracy, but they knew the job would have to be finished by those who lived after them. and they knew that this democracy would last only as long as its citizens were willing to keep working on it. it's our government bill. from here on it's up to us. now it is my pleasure to introduce tonight's speaker. chris serb has served the chicago fire department

jefferson emmsley said, i cannot live without books. so, they read a lot, and reading was something that really engaged them. addison was also a huge reader. in fact, jefferson sent madison a whole chunk of books from europe of ideas about governance that madison read in preparation for the constitutional convention. so, reading was very important to a lot of them, but we also saw that the it was a big deal. abe lincoln loved to go to the theater. we obviously know about his tragic end at the theater, but he saw many, many place the before that when he loved shakespeare. used to quote shakespeare all the time. back then, shakespeare, now, seen as an elevated thing, pretentious, quote, shakespeare, all the people cited shakespeare all the time and don't know it, so many phrases that become the lingo, if you will. but when lincoln would cite shakespeare, he would do it knowing that the literate american people were aware of it. the literacy rates in america were very high compared to europe, and people read shakespeare. they knew the bibl

jefferson to practice in the senate, a first amendment right to vote, and they looked at jeffersons practice. so it will be interesting to see that as a case here. in addition, the appropriations clause says you can't have an appropriation for more than two years for the army, when you can have multiyear appropriations for everybody else. it will be interesting to see which way that one goes. i think probably the funding will be found to be constitutional. >> it certainly -- keeping with the term. wanting to hear another pair of cases concerning the first amendment, these ones involving public officials blocking rather engaged constituents on social media, so tell us about those. >> i guess he has me beat with three of a kind. this case, these cases arise out of the widespread pack -- practice of public officials blocking people on social media accounts that are used to communicate with the public at large. when does a public officials social media activity, when is that considered personal, and when should it considered official? which would then implicate the fourth amendment because the f

. >>> every week, we showcase a community hero, who has won a bay area jefferson award.ek, we are highlighting a local winner who went on to win a national jefferson award. >> a huge deal. me a san francisco pastor and the prestigious honor he just received. >> oh, yes, reverend roland gordon was one of our top local voters last year, and we gave him a silver metal for the giant black history collage at his church. that was just the beginning. >> what makes the scene unique is not reverend roland gordon sweeping outside ingleside presbyterian , the church he has passed for 45 years. what stands out is the gold-medal around his neck. >> i was totally caught off guard. >> reporter: the man known as reverend g just returned from new york city where the jefferson award's parent foundation, multiplying good, honored him with the jacqueline kennedy onassis award for his local community service. he started a giant black history collage at the church in 1980. the san francisco landmark inspires young people at his long-running afterschool nonprofit that they can accomplish anyth

i have a question about thomas jefferson case. you said the new procedure was nondiscriminatory. it was being attacked because the females showing that the school board members had discriminatory intention. i find it hard to understand. it reminds me of an area of education were people were trying to get --. often that proposal is rejected because the proponents of that proposal have a religious motivation. the proposal makes sense. why should they be subject to attack because they have religious motivation. i'm curious why in the jungles -- thomas jefferson case, if the approach is nondiscriminatory, why should it be subject to attack? >> that matters for equality under the law. they went back-and-forth over what would be the best way to set up a new admission system. this is what they came up with. unfortunately, fortunately for us they were very clear in their statements and hearings about exactly where they were trying to do. they were the same statements, even worst that came out in the trial, showing a real reserve real pervasive discrimination. >> there is a lot of tension

sharon chin joining us now to introduce it to this week's jefferson award winner. fascinating story. >> yes, the story of susan cervantes. susan runs one of only a handful of community mural arts centers in the country. she is creating change through her work. >> reporter: walk around the mission district with susan cervantes, and you cannot miss her artwork. >> those were done 40, 45 years ago. that is before people even knew what murals were. >> reporter: her story begins nearly 50 years ago. the patron was a young mother. >> i stop there was not any art in the community center, there was not any art in the schools. so i started volunteering my time at the community center to do free preschool art. >> reporter: art for kids, then classes for adults, and more. >> i kept getting requests for murals. >> reporter: so susan and her husband, luis, founded -- muralist association in 1977. the nonprofit, one of the few community mural arts centers in the nation. it has collaborated in more than 700 community murals in the city and bay area. susan led a neighborhood mural