we can make the assumption under jim crow and racism that continues after jim crow when america was a systemically racist country, when white supremacy did reign supreme come that restitution was due to black americans. i make the case in my book that the 1964 act was a form of reparations and affirmative action programs that followed were meant as forms of making amends to a group of people who are suffering from the residual effects of slavery. host: earlier this week the university of texas plenty old know joseph -- pelinial joseph was on our program and made an argument for financial reparations. take a listen to what he had to say. >> until 2020 many people would do not -- did not understand slavery and the way black labor built the wealth in united states and built global capitalism. there are extraordinary books about this, including the harvard slaver report, including empire of cotton. greg wilder's every and iv. there are so -- ebony and ivory. there are so many interesting books. when we think about slavery. it is not just the labor of enslaved black people that produces th

she's the author of an important new book, madness, race and insanity in a jim crow asylum. my friend, thank you. >> great to see you. >> we don't see each other much on tv but just to show the viewers how the sausage is made, we sit very close to each other. >> just feet away. >> just feet away. let's talk about this. book the way you tell the crownsville was emblematic of shifts in american society, including racial shifts. what's crownsville a product of systemic racism? was it a weapon of racism? what did you glean from your work on this? >> i think you could make both arguments, but what you see in this asylum is both this very strange and unknown story, but a deeply american one. in that era, in jim crow, i think you often think about water fountains or schools as the primary sites where this kind of separation and abuse was happening. but it seeped into everything, including hospitals and our clinical systems. so, in those early years doctors are openly dictating the minds and the bodies of black people. they decided that they're somehow inferior and they need to be t

slavery, jim crow.f you wait for your oppressor to come and lift you up, then they ought to need to take you to a mental institution. host: let's go to kathy in north carolina, republican line. caller: good morning, how are you guys? guest: just fine. host: go ahead, you're on. caller: i'm calming about, i am a white person and i am very resentful of how i'm being termed as a racist. the color of your skin has nothing to do with who you are and what comes out of your mouth. and until you quit resenting me for something that i had nothing to do with, this problem is not going to go away. as a white person, i am furious at the black communities for allowing yourself to be kept in an enslavement and in a plantation house. your plantation managers are now black people in power. because they don't want to do anything to help you out. they talk a good talk, but they don't do the walk. and every time a child in chicago dies, i get upset because it's not necessary. and until we stop letting these people divide

gone down to the basement to use the toilet that was only the toilets for african-americans in the jim crow south. and he found mary phagan's mute debate and mutilated body and suspicions initially fell on newt but almost immediately then it turned to leo frank. leo frank then and forever afterwards retained his innocence but newspapers began inflaming the public over the murder. the trial was an absolute circus, executors used was out for blood any acc leo frank of sexual wisti the factory girls andneo frank was convicted, his convi was based on the testimony of an african-american ex-convict, named jim connolly hood given multiple affidavits in the case with conflicting evidence we must understand that in the south, only a jew could be convicted based on the testimony of an african-american man. after the trial, georgia newspaperman said it is the jury the case had brought in a verdict of not guilty, the defendants would've been lynched, sentenced to hanging. anti- judaism figured out prominently the trauma actually found a letter that leo frank's mother wrote to the washington post. in i

hayes became president, brought an end to reconstruction and started jim crow. jim crow came into being by one vote. one vote could very well defined what our future is. i would hope that not any of you will allow yourselves or your family members or your friends to be that one vote. we have got to vote tomorrow. we have got to vote come november. and think about your future. who are you going to put in charge of your future? a president who has shown you that he has very little respect, or the person who has demonstrated his dignity and respect, that he believes in a future where freedom prevails, and where democracy is the law of the land. thank you so much for being here, south carolina state. and remember, i want every person to repeat, bulldogs, tenacity! [indiscernible] [applause] ♪ ♪ ["le freak" by chic playing] ♪ >> please welcome miss south carolina state university. >> good afternoon, bulldogs! i am proud to be serving as the 87th miss south carolina state university. [applause] now, we know our next speaker as a leader, history maker, and true inspira

hayes became president, brought an end to reconstruction and started jim crow.im crow came into being by one vote. one vote could very well defined what our future is. i would hope that not any of you will allow yourselves or your family members or your friends to be that one vote. we have got to vote tomorrow. we have got to vote come november. and think about your future. who are you going to put in charge of your future? a president who has shown you that he has very little respect, or the person who has demonstrated his dignity and respect, that he believes in a future where freedom prevails, and where democracy is the law of the land. thank you so much for being here, south carolina state. and remember, i want every person to repeat, bulldogs, tenacity! [indiscernible] [applause] ♪ ♪ ["le freak" by chic playing] ♪ >> please welcome miss south carolina state university. >> good afternoon, bulldogs! i am proud to be serving as the 87th miss south carolina state university. [applause] now, we know our next speaker as a leader, history maker, and true inspirati

but, i do think that it is, i liked your comment about jim crowe because it is something that i think should be taught alongside of the racism that we see in jim crowe and that it is, it is part of the same idiology. they are so intertwined. good question. >> any questions? no, okay, i will see you on thursday. >> thank you >> thank you. >> if you are enjoying history tv, go to our website to see what is coming up. sign up for the ah news letter today and watch american history tv every weekend or any time online. >>> earlier today, the u.s. supreme court heard a firearms case onan a bump stock should be pribed. watch the oral argumentin its entirety nit at 9:00 p.m. eaern on c-span. you can also watch on the c- span now video app or online. >>> in the weeks that lie ahead as the first sufficient unfolds, famous men and women that occupy those seats are going to have a lot to say about the view of the society in which we live today and his solutions for the ills of our time. >> saturday, 7:00 p.m. eastern, american history tv will air the 10-part series "free to choose" featuring econ

. >> reporter: the exhibition shows how anti-black imagery was used during the jim crow era. >> thisdly little character, and then it became a menacing character. this is not one little black boy. you add the pejorative, it's one little, two little, three, four little, five little six. it's a beat-down. it's the constant, constant denigration of blackness. >> reporter: in the 1900s, about 6 million black people moved from the american south to northern, midwestern, and western states. it was known as the great migration. >> they left in droves because -- in part, because of jim crow. when they all gathered, they began to fight for realistic black dolls that represented what black children really look like. >> reporter: the exhibition ends with dolls inspired by social justice and a hopeful look toward the future. and our piece -- >> i have something for you. >> reporter: ends with a surprise. >> it's to remind you that you are part of this and that you are inspiring people. it's to remind you that you are a warrior, and your weapons are words, and you're now part of the community. >>

from jim crow?-ins with white police and a false rumor that the black soldiers were about to be attacked set off a race riot. >> all of a sudden someone shouted, get your guns, boys, there is a mob coming. and instantly pandemonium breaks out. >> this was the first race riot in which you have more white people than black people killed. >> reporter: the soldiers of the 24th were placed under arrest and marched out of town. when t.c. hawkins' mother asked the army about her son, the reply said only he was present serving with his organization. >> they don't mention any of the things that happened. they don't mention that he is about to be on trial. >> reporter: about to be on trial for his life? >> for a capital crime. >> reporter: the first and largest of three courts martial held here. 63 soldiers charged with mutiny and murder. >> 63 men is the largest murder trial not only in the u.s. army's history, the largest murder trial in american history. >> reporter: those who would decide the case were al

and we are going to challenge it vigorously. >> jim crow 2.0 is about twot insidious things: votersu. >> judge jeanine: all right, greg. stacey abrams, because of the so-called voter suppression, got major league basebalmal to movje the all-star game, got coke to move, and ultimately an obama-appointed judgde said the law was constitutionalaw but w e wasn't a problem with it. is this all a hoax? >> greg: it is a hoax. there is no voter suppression,ea at least from that side. but this is about creating thate force field that is impenetrabl to criticism. if you play the race card ond everything, it allows you to screw everyone else, because people are too scared to call yolsu on it. i mean, just the idea that the e all-star game moved, we forgetoe about that, but why did they move? what fandom were they protesting? why wereesti they running? that's one of the biy rug crimei think. there isis some justice that shs but i don't think there going to learn any lessons from this.e methe media and democrats should ask themselves, maybe calling everybody racist is not a good thing. also, it's

why does this happen when it comes to black history, jim crow and slavery year after year? >> i find it interesting that this is cyclical in american history. it is, you know, black history is of course, american history, and it's the only history that's really question to the level of unnecessary discussion every year. i think a lot of the lack of emotional intelligence and understanding how things can trigger current. and, you know, older generations. but it's almost like a reminder of your different, it's like a reminder or need to show a difference in privilege. >> so here's last week we started with schools needing to they send out permission slips that black people come in so these are extremes >> how do we >> get between these extremes for those places where it is still free to teach in the way that we teach the fuller scope of a black history, right? >> how do you get to that? >> i think we have to remember that education is about intellectual freedom, and that's bringing all of the history or all of the concepts and ideas to the store and allowing students to under

this is a young man who was living in jim crow america. he is seeing a black officer in uniform, proud to have his salute. young is like, that is a good one. his students often talked about, he was very strict. he was going to drill you until you got it right. when we think about seeing this , with this young man, with experience, looking up, after being told how inferior blacks are, they are subhuman, all of these things being barraged at him and their psyche, that trauma, the idea of racial uplift and saying, there is nothing wrong with being a son or daughter of africa. nothing wrong with having dark skin, nothing wrong with being black. he writes a book, he writes a book called -- wait a minute. i cannot find it. military, race, i can remember. but he writes a book can you edit that out? nevermind. [ laughter ] he writes a book that examines the various, essentially, military prowess of the various "races." globally. it is his response to the scientific -- pseudoscience, eugenics, pseudoscience of saying that african-americans were a s

that election in jim crow. and they were trying to repeat the same thing. i'm going out here every place i possibly can. and i'm going to tell the story. and remember those two events. the end of jim crow gave because of one vote i'm sorry, the end of reconstruction came about because of run vote. the vote to start jim crow was afoot of eight to seven. >> and i'm one vote. and i'm warning there from you, congressman. we appreciate you joining us on this show as always, congressman james clyburn. thanks. you >> thank you >> and impeached by the house one week meetings abroad the following week, possibly defending himself in the senate next. we'll hear from the homeland security secretary alexander mile, 100 mayorkas and his very first interview since the impeachment vote. >> that's next >> united states of scandal with jake tapper. sunday they a nine on cnn. >> why choose asleep numbers, smart bad. >> can it keep warm when i'm cold? >> wait, no, i'm always hot. >> sleep number. does that can i make my side softer? >> i like my side firmer. >> number. does th

and you might think humphrey would go back north and say, like, ku, glad i'm out of jim crow. no, humphrey went back to minnesota. just realizing there's such a thing as down south and there's such a thing as up south and there's a thing as de jure segregation. and there's such a thing as de facto segregation. and that's what he brought to minneapolis. and that's so incredible that he had insight because a lot of people wouldn't have had it. thank you. so we have about five or six people in line and about 10 minutes. so here's what i'd ask everybody stay. but if you could keep your question to. 20 to 30 seconds so that sam can take 90 seconds to answer you. and be able to fit everyone in. and please introduce yourselves. your question, what's the etymology yourself? barry jacobs from the space agency what's the atom allergy of the title and? how did you use it throughout the book? oh yeah. oh okay, one at a time. it comes from his speech at the civil rights is civil rights speech at the convention. he says that it's time for america, for the democratic party to walk out of the

then the creation of the jim crow constitution. 1901 disenfranchized official disenfranchize movementthrough that and the kind of breaking the pretense of populist alliance between black and white farmers and on into the new deal, in which things get a little more complicated. yeah yeah. that was interesting in the new deal where the south needed their economy was poor, so the federal money coming in so they were like, okay, we're going to take the federal money. but we went still the pushback and don't stay in our know what strings are attached that money and being very vocal about pushing back but we want the money but we want to push back at the same time exactly know so if the government can they the south is very poor it has this kind of it's it's dependance on cotton as a as a commodity is failing it the depression began in the 1920s really in the south by the thirties they're desperate so the new deal's great as long as for the right people but if the federal government has that kind of power, what else could it do right. so that's always in the back, the mind of people's minds

carolina, her home state, cited slavery as the reason for seceding from the union, segregation, jim crowthe not so obvious ways that racism is woven throughout the entire american experience. here are just a few. in wealth, the median wealth for a typical white family clocks in at $285,000. now, the median black family, more than six times less than that, about $44,900, according to the federal reserve. now, in the stock market, roughly 40% of black people invest in the market. that's dramatically less than the percentage of white people, 66% who own stocks. in housing, real estate agents steer black home buyers into certain neighborhoods, and a report from the national association of real estate brokers say lenders reject black home loan applicants more than twice as often as white home loan applicants. when the new deal gave americans a shot at the american dream with a government backed mortgage loan, that helped a lot of people, but not black people. the government drew up color coded maps to separate neighborhoods from least risky to most risky. the lemost risky were outlined red an

i think a lot of people say american democracy was able to overcome jim crow, it was able to sustain itself even through those moments. why should we not be confident american democracy can withstand the current culture wars and political climate? do you think that is the right or wrong assessment? guest: i am glad you asked that. the title of my book is about saving democracy. i am an optimist. i don't think we will save it unless we see the problem. the entire book is about all the things anyone listening can do to start playing a role to turn things around. some of the history is horrible. some of the damage was done for decades. at the same time, there are things we can do right now if we see the problem clearly. if we do not see the problem, then i worry. if we see it individually, the reason i wrote this book is whether it is running for office or school board were engaging voters or becoming an elections official, or making sure your school board is not censoring history, the treat -- the truth is there is much more we can do. over the last year, many of these things have been

we can make the assumption under jim crow and racism that continues after jim crow when america was acally racist country, when white supremacy did reign supreme come that restitution was due to black americans. i make the case in my book that the 1964 act was a form of reparations and affirmative action programs that followed were meant as forms of making amends to a group of people who are suffering from the residual effects of slavery. host: earlier this week the university of texas plenty old know joseph -- pelinial joseph was on our program and made an argument for financial reparations. take a listen to what he had to say. >> until 2020 many people would do not -- did not understand slavery and the way black labor built the wealth in united states and built global capitalism. there are extraordinary books about this, including the harvard slaver report, including empire of cotton. greg wilder's every and iv. there are so -- ebony and ivory. there are so many interesting books. when we think about slavery. it is not just the labor of enslaved black people that produces the wealth

. >> reporter: the exhibition shows how anti-black imagery was used during the jim crow era. >> thisttle character, and then it became a menacing character. this is not one little black boy. you add the pejorative, it's one little, two little, three, four little, five little, six. it's a beatdown. it's the constant, constant denigration of blackness. >> reporter: in the 1900s, about 6 million black people moved from the american south to northern, midwestern, and western states. it was known as the great migration. >> they left in droves because -- in part, because of jim crow. when they all gathered, they began to fight for realistic black dolls that represented what black children really look like. >> reporter: the exhibition ends with dolls inspired by social justice and a hopeful look toward the future. and our piece -- >> i have something for you. >> reporter: -- ends with a surprise. >> it's to remind you that you are part of this and that you are inspiring people. it's to remind you that you are a warrior, and your weapons are words, and you're now part of my dry eye's made me

ideology came out of well-intentioned desire to fix and address the legacy of slavery, the legacy of jim crow, persistent racial disparity. the country and starting really in the sixties and seventies and then continuing on into the eighties, there was a group of scholars that came up with something called critical race theory, which has been much in the news the past few years, but which was originally a conscious effort to redirect the civil rights movement, to reject the rhetoric of martin luther king, bayard rustin, and other traditional civil rights heroes, to say that actually they didn't go far enough and they should have put race on the front burner. what happened is that ideology percolated inside the academy for a few decades, and then just in the past decade, starting around 2013, those ideas that had been essentially dormant in certain corners of academia academia really spread throughout society and have had vocal exponents such as mexican, mexican and robin d'angelo, who say that rather than strive for colorblind society, rather than strive for a society where someone's race doe

jim crow brandon johnson has allowed this to happen on his watch. it didn't have to be this way but this is where it is. >> sandra: we have interviewed so many of these people and businesses in the suburbs of chicago who are dealing with this every day. it has become their burden and it is in their backyard as well. they don't have any place to send these folks or have the money or resources to deal with it. on the mall they are seeing migrants in and stealing from high-end shopping centers. a huge problem all over. we know that for sure. in massachusetts as well. they are shelling out big bucks for contracts to house migrant families through june. in a new report the state is paying some hotels $6four per migrant per day for meals alone. new york city mayor eric adams facing fresh scrutiny and reversed course over out rage to house migrants in an unused luxury apartment building. complete with a swimming pool and marble bathrooms. two people had to be escorted out of that tense meeting on the topic. >> the complexity of housing new yorkers is so ma

there is nothing to it, we have shown in georgia like you mentioned what stacey abrams called jim crow, we have raised the rate that participation in our elections have come in. so, we have grown our party and we are not going to let those detracting statements come against us. >> lawrence: ms. king, when people think about atlanta, they think about the modern day black wall street. you have all the businesses, the culture here, why wouldn't the biden administration not try to get more programs in to only accelerate that? instead, they have been passing policies that hurt the people of atlanta. >> i know it's something that's happened consistently. this is the chocolate city what we call it. because there are a lot of business owners here. black people on different scales. whether it be low income or on the wealthy side of things. with that being said, i think i saw a turning point from the beginning when president biden came into office and he had that zoom meeting with the naacp and he told them that i have done more for black people than you have. i think that was a turning point. r

you remember president biden was talking about georgia changing some of their laws and calling jim crow 2.0. most people. they don't find too many obstacles. a lot of the fights in the last few years it is changing policy there were exceptions made to benot necessary by the letter of the law were republicans take them back to where they were in 2018 election in 2016. democrats want to keep it up and 2020. it's not quite as dramatic as it sounds. >> this a lot more news around that. >> i think we should try to make it as easy as possible. it's less of a problem than a lot of people like to think. >> let's go further on the other side of it. you got to candidates the american public says were not excited about their excitement one of them at least a lot. what does voter turnout look like? and is that an issue in terms of whatever it when people don't go to the polls while they accept the election. i'm not making this partisan. in terms of do we accept this as a valid election at the clinton trump turnout. 2018 was basically a record high midterm turnaround record height for a midterm 2020

there was jim crow. civil rights was a big part of our lives. >> reporter: her modeling work is an extension of the fight. >> i wish is that other women will see this in say, i can do that too. i've always wanted to be a writer or a painter. >> she is such an inspiration to so many women. she shows that style and grace have no age. >> i want to be on one of those marquise in times square and i want to do the runway in new york or paris. >> reporter: age is just a number. >> i'd like to think perhaps i'm continuing to make black history. >> stylish and beautiful. >>> we have a great sunset. >> did you get just a little bit of sunshine? i looked out and could not wait for tomorrow to get here. we will have more sunshine. let's take a look at the microclimate the weather. there are just a few clouds in the background. right now 57 degrees. we have low 50s later on tonight, and we are on the dry side of the storm system. goodbye to the rainfall. we've had so much and it will be nice to get a break. through t

that started jim crow for over 100 years.ople tell me this has never been a racist country, i tell them to go back and look at what happens starting with the dred scott decision in 1856 all the way down to 1954. because it was not until brown v. board of education that this country started to bring themself out of that racism. i might give truman some credit back in 1948, when he integrated the armed services, but starting around that time is when we got through the racism in this country. a ted that students yesterday, there's a direct correlation between your participation in this process and the results that come out on the other end. >> given congressman, you just referenced folks who don't think the united states was ever a racist country, let's pull up this poll from south carolina, nikki haley versus donald trump. this is released on february 1st. you have donald trump pulling a 58%, nikki haley pulling up 32% in the state. >> yeah. it's a little bit tight there in south carolina for nikki haley. when you say there, co

their lowest point of racial relations in america because of lynchings and these race riots and the jim crow era. the historical racial trauma and embedded in the history of our country has to be acknowledged and has to be addressed if we are never to realize our full potential -- ever to realize our full potential. powerful potential can only be realized if we validate and leverage the shared humanity that exists in each and every one of us. host: you mentioned a people's history, reminiscent of the book . it came out in 2009. what is a people's history? guest: a people's history is a recognition that there are multiple narratives and multiple dimensions of our history. history is not simply the dominant culture's version of events. history involves a multiplicity of voices, a mosaic of different experiences. if we can understand that and we can make sure that approach is the way we construct our curricula, we will be better off having known the stories, the various strands of our history that contributes to the whole. host: in texas, this is jim. caller: visit two days in a row we have had

>> jim crow laws >> and a lot of the musicians that had found work here, they started losing those jobsporter: now givonna and her daughter aria mason are working to restore that heritage through opera creole ♪ finding the lost works of local composers of color and giving them a long overdue american debut. including edmond dede's "morgiane," believed to be the first full opera composed by a black american >> we can see actually the artistic process taking place >> reporter: the conductor helping bring the 550-page handwritten opera to life is patrick dupre quigley. >> this piece of music is the most important piece of american music that no one has ever heard >> reporter: "morgiane" will premiere in new orleans, new york and d.c. for givonna and aria a chance to expand the canon of great opera works. ♪ >> restorative justice is our goal. >> reporter: priscilla thompson, nbc news, new orleans. >> that's "nightly news" for this monday. thank you for watching, everyone i'm lester holt. please take care of yourself and each other. good night this ad? typical. politicians... "he's bad. i'm

newt lee had gone down to the basement to use the toilet that was only for african americans in the jim crow south. he found mary fagan's mutilated body. suspicion initially fell on newt lee. almost immediately turned to leo frank. frank, then and forer afterwards, maintained his innocence. newspapers began inflaming the e trial was absolute circus. prosecutors dorsey was out for blood. he sed frank of sexually molesting the factory girls. and when frank was convicted, his conviction was based on the testimony of an african american ex-convict named jim conley, who had given multiple affidavits with conflicting evidence. you must understand that in the south, only a jew could be convicted based on the testimony of an african american man. after the trial, the georgia newspapermen said, if the jury and the frank case had brought in a verdict of not guilty, the defendant would have been lynched. frank was sentenced to hang. anti-judaism figured prominently in the trial. i actually found a letter that frank's mother wrote to washington post. in it she -- i will quote her words, the insults, the

backdrop of extraordinary human advancement, america was still tainted by the stain of racism and jim crow newly elected president was eager to make a change. >> we choose to go to the moon in this decade and do the other things, not because they are easy, but because they are hard. >> president kennedy called the chief of staff and asked him, how long would it take you to make me a black astronaut? the reply was, five years. kennedy said, no, i want some stuff on my desk by friday. i didn't want to have any part of it in the beginning. i said, no, i've got a very comfortable air force career, i'm flying five airplanes, i'm on the wing staff, i'm just doing great. >> byron: ed's mother gave her son a talk that would change the course of history. >> my mom intervened and said, you better do it because there's an opportunity to raise the status of the race. and so that's why i took on this mission. and i looked at it as a mission. >> byron: he received an outpouring of love from black america. >> i'm getting 1,500 letters a day. i'm on the cover of magazines around the world. >> byron: but h

there was jim crow. that was the environment i grew up in. big part of our lives. >> reporter: her modeling work is an extension of that fight, striking a pose for equality. >> my wish is that other women will see and go, you know, i can do that too. it may not be modeling, but i've always wanted to be a writer, a painter. >> she is a ball of fire. she's such an inspiration to so many women. she just shows you the style and grace has no age. >> this is athleta shoot. i want to be on times square on a rolling marquee and do a runway at new york or paris. >> reporter: age is just a number, and breaking barriers is never out of style. joe rosotta, jr. -- >> i like to think perhaps i'm continuing to make black history. >> reporter: nbc bay area news. >>> up next, we'll check in on the corpse flower set to bloom any day now. stay with us. you can make money the hard way as a bullfighter or a human cannonball... or save money the easy way, with xfinity mobile. existing customers can get a free line of our most popular unlimited plan for a year! not

the early 1970s to a full economic boy of the apartide kkk state of israel. mean there's a number jim crow we could use. there could be a realer journalism across the middle east and across. the world to just tell the truth of the 75 year plate of the palestinian people, and and that's what big tech and the us government are doing, they're trying to prevent any type. of uh resistance here at the local level, if we even pick up any type of bullhorn to try to project our voices here in the bronx or in manhattan were immediately put into handcuffs and and brought to jail. um, so this is asymmetrical war. we have anthony blincan functioning as the secretary of state of both designist entity as well as the dc, going back and forth uh playing the same type of uh genocidal um shuttle diplomacy role that kissinger and nixon uh once played in in in the middle east, so they're giving a cover, they they know for biden or blinking or or any of these officials to say that they don't know israeli intentions is ridiculous, all you have to do is pick up one of these history books of sociology books all ri

it shows true the laws that were part of the jim crow system. they were confiscated.r reparations. >> when you delved into this and looked at the civil rights act, would you say in preparation, what evidence do you show in your book? >> they claim in the book in the civil rights act was the greatest form of moral in the sense that it didn't violate these rights enters a proper violation because it's said you cannot use an extension of your home or your room and you can't say going to discriminate against black given the collision between the states and they have said a significant creative way in the civil rights, i thought that you cannot use it against black, who are to be socialized and make you into proper individuals to make good moral citizens, but was a pivotal moment except those a moment when they took it upon themselves given the grotesque history that existed between black and white and figures a heavy-handed approach for proper because civil rights is not a gift, it was something done to box, a moral form of justice but a moment in history to be socialized