they are the loyal subjects of king james. they are not leaving england. they do not intend by leaving england to leave behind their subjecthood or renounce the two authority of the king over them. in a way it is a declaration of religious independence, isn't it? it is a statement of religious liberty, because it leaving they in leaving it they have left behind his church, the church of england, of which he is the titular head. they are saying religion we no longer accept, will not be governed by it but we do not , reject your authority and we are coming in essence for god and country. for the glory of god and advancement of the christian faith and the honor of their king and country. we are taking this voyage to plant the first colony and the in the northern parts of virginia. but here is the salient language in this, the operative mind as we say. "in the presence of god and one another, we covenant and combine ourselves together into a civil body politic for our better ordering and preservation and furtherance of the ends aforesaid." it is a lovely image,

so they are -- they are the loyal subjects of king james. they're not leaving england, they don't intend by leaving england to leave behind their subjecthood or to renounce the authority of the king over them. but in a way, it is a declaration of religious independence, isn't it? it is a statement of religious liberty because in leaving, they have left behind his church, the church of england, of which he is the head. they are saying your religion we no longer accept, we'll not be governed by it. but we don't reject your authority. you are dread sovereign lord, and we are coming in essence for god and country. for the glory of god and advancement of the christian faith, and the honor of our king and country. we're taking this voyage to plant, as they say, the first colony in the northern parts of virginia. but here is -- here is the salient language in this, the operative language in it as we say. in the presence of god and one another, we covenant and combine ourselves together into a civil body politic for better ordering and preservation o

it proceeds to identify the signatories as "loyal subjects of our dread sovereign royal king james." undertaken "for the glory of god and add vancement of the christian faith and in honor of our king and country." it identify it is signatories as endorsing the agreement "in the presence of god and one another." not exactly the state of nature. and it proposes the goal of framing "just and equal laws that promote the general good of the colony." in other words, this agreement was borrowing at every turn from the religious political, legal, laurel practices of new england. it wasn't starting fresh, not at all. it was building on deep foundations and even when the declaration of independence came on the scene, it drew not only on john locke, which most assuredly did, but the same deep reservoir of experience and sum total of 150 subsequent years of american colonial experience of self-government. self-government in georgia, seville government in virginia and self-government in pennsylvania and all colonies. now let me make one other point. we shall not forget in the telling of this story

"mcbeth" is clearly about king james. it's about the trouble that comes from assassinating a legitimate ruler. catholics had just tried to assassinate king james by blowing up parliament, and james was scottish. shakespeare writes this scottish play in which james' side of the family, everybody looks good and you're taught not to assassinate the king. that one was pretty easy to see who he was talking about, but it was pretty safe. with the others, it was -- he had to do it much more carefully. some of his contemporaries were jailed or killed because of plays they wrote. kid marlow. and by the way, i'll conclude with this. that's one of the reasons why it's very hard to tell shakespeare's political idealogy. i argue that he teaches a lot about political leadership, but you can't really tell about his political idealogy. i mean, as far as i can figure it out, and this is a deep disappointment to me, but it may come as helpful to my friend paul stimers. as far as i could tell, shakespeare was no liberal, but he was more a c

that king james bible. we have one of the first editions in our grasp today .my wife is one of the teachers of the language. we teach pre-k up to third grade and every year we add a grade to it. three years ago, the wampanoag is taught as an accredited course, like english, french, and portuguese. if you lose your culture, you lose part of your identity. nobody likes war. the war broke out. what i can tell you, 1657, that is when two of the big leaders lost their lives. so you got the next generation coming up, which did not care for each other. people thought of ownership and the other people did not think of ownership of the land. one culture would build fences around where they lived and the other culture would walk across what they would call their backyard. for a native person, they are thinking, what do you mean i can't be here no more? i don't get that. that was the reason, you know? in 1675, the bloodiest war per capita in new england. it lasted in massachusetts about a year or so. that guy was some

bradford's history begins with religious problems in england when james became king in 1603.s king, james was also supreme head of the church of england, the official church, but some people objected to the expensive robes and rituals of the church of england. they withdrew from it and they were called separatists. the story of their religious persecution in england, how they became pilgrims and how they found religious freedom was recorded by william bradford. >> therefore, the lord's free people joined themselves into a church or state. they were from various towns and villages. after they had continued together for about a year and kept meetings every sabbath, exercising the worship of god amongst themselves, they saw they could no longer continue. so they resolved to get to holland, which was in 1607 and 1608. >> the separatists would leave england to find religious freedom in holland. >> to leave their native country, their land and all their friends and acquaintances, an adventure, almost desperate. >> about 125 separatists from england reached holland, the netherlands.

this year marks the 419th anniversary of the king james version of the bible. in 1604, king james i commissioned 54 scholars from oxford and cambridge universities to produce one uniform translation of the bible that all denominations could accept. it's unlikely that there has ever been another group of translators whose collective expertise in biblical languages was equal to this group. vincent barberry who wrote a book called "wide as the waters" said because of the people's desire to read the bible, the edge lish translation, known as the authorized version in great britain, helped great britain back the most literate nation in the world. in terms of the words, about 90 are anglo saxson words, with a vocabulary of 8,000 words in the entire translation. the king james translation established the prose style for english and american literature and became the foundation of modern english language giving us words and phrases that are common parts of our language today. in his history of england, tom mast mccauley said the bible, if everything else in our languag

as king, james was also supreme head of the church of england, the official church. some people objected to the expensive robes and rituals of the church of england. they withdrew from it, and were called separatists. the story of their religious persecution in england, how they became pilgrims, and how they eventually found religious freedom, was all recorded by william bradford. >> many therefore of the lord's free people joined themselves into a church or state. ♪ they were of various towns and villages. some in love in hampshire, england. but after they continued together for about a year and kept their meetings every sabbath, exercising the worship of god among themselves, they saw they could no longer continue. so they resolved to get over to holland, which was in 1607 and 1608. narrator: the separatists would leave england to find freedom of religion in holland. >> to leave their native country, their lands and livings and all their friends and family -- and familiar acquaintances was much adventure, almost desperate. narrator: about 125 separatists from engla

mcbath is clearly about king james, it's about the trouble that comes from assassinating a legitimate ruler. catholics said just try to assassinate king james by blowing catholic conspirators by blowing up parliament. james was scottish, james perez the scottish play in which james decided that everyone looks good, and to not to assassinate taking. that was pretty easy to see to see who he's talking about but it was pretty safe. with the others, if you do it much more carefully. some of his contemporaries were jailed or killed because a place like kid, marlowe. and i'll conclude, that's one of the reasons why it's very hard to tell shakespeare's political ideology. he talks about political leadership, but you can't really tell about his political ideology. as far as i can figure it out, this is a deep disappointment to me. it may come as a helpful to my friend paul's timers. as far as i could tell shakespeare was no liberal, but more a conservative in favor of conserving the existing structure. he's what i call an edmund burke, george will kind of conservative. you can see that in som

but what helped out a great deal was the bible, the king james bible written in wampanoag. we had one of those first editions in our grasp today. so today we have our language back. my wife is one of the teachers of the language. we teach pre-k up to third grade and every year we add a grade to it. going back three years ago, or maybe two, the wampanoag is taught still right now in mashpee high school, it's taught as an accredited course liken g like english, french and dutch. that's a cool story because if you lose your culture, you lose part of what you are. that's your identity and we got it back. let's fast forward to war. nobody likes war. but war broke out. what i can tell you, in 1657 and 1660, that's when two of the first big leaders lost their lives. we know governor bradford lost it in '57. we know smassasoit lost it in 1660. the next generation didn't care for each other a lot. land, some people thought of ownership and the other did not think of ownership. one culture would build fences around where they lived and the other culture walked across what they would

as king, james was also supreme head of the church of england, the official church.ut, some people objected to these expensive rules and rituals of the church of england, they would call them separatists. the story of the religious persecution in england had become this story. >> therefore, the lord's free people joined themselves into a church of state. they were from various towns and villages in england. but as they joined together, exercising the worship of god amongst themselves, they saw they could no longer continue. so, the result was to get over to holland, in 1607 and 1608. >> the separatist would leave england to find freedom of religion in holland. >> to leave their native country, their land and all of the friends and acquaintances, and adventure, almost desperate. >> about 125 separatists from england reached holland, the netherlands. >> being now coming to holland, they saw many good cities. >> they also heard a strange language, they call it strange fashion. it seemed they were coming to a new world. after they lived there for about 11 or 12 years, th

countries, in the plural, great britain, france, etc., all of which are represented by king james, whoseamily was at the center of centuries long convulsions over the question of what should be the form of government in great britain and resulting in the wars of cromwell followed by the all of this play in store all the pilgrims set sail for north america and a web life untroubled these turmoils. they left because they could foresee and were experiencing religious persecutions. they turned their faces away from their country without disclaiming appropriate disobedience while nevertheless setting their faces against those past incoming experiences in order to open the path to a new experiences. to reflectortant is that these pilgrims set sail not from london or southhampton, but from dell haven. they had relocated in order to launch. they were self exiled in holland, so has they left holland they left with this purpose underlined. you can see just what the mayflower compact emphasizes, they shall form a covenant and combine themselves in a civil body politic, a consensual moment, and all

all of which are represented by of all people king james. the steward king whose family was at the center of century-long convulsions precisely over the question of what should be the form of government in great britain, and particularly resulting in the wars of cromwell followed by the restoration, followed by the wars of the steward succession. all this lay in store while the pilgrims set sail for north america. and a way of life in important respects untroubled by these turmoils. they left because they could foresee and were already experiencing religious persecutions. they turned their faces away from their country without disclaiming appropriate loyalties and obedience while nevertheless setting their faces against those past and coming experiences in order to reopen or to open the path to new experiences. now what is important in thinking about this is to reflect that these pilgrims set sail not from london or southampton or some other port in england but from del haven. effectively they had relocated there in order to launch on their j

four was king james' lucky number in 2020.ourth nba finals mvp trophy this year proving time and time again he's unstoppable on the court. lebron telling ap he's focussed elsewhere in a year like this one writing there's so many more things i can do off the court to help cultivate people, inspire people, bring people together, empower them. it's that bravery and activism that defined athlete of the year, naomi osaka. her performance on the court remarkable. she won the u.s. open in november for the third grand slam title of her career. during that tournament osaka wearing a different mask during each of her matches with the names of black victims of violence. in new york osaka declared she would not play her semi-final joining athletes protesting the police shooting of jacob blake. the tournament shut down completely for a day. >> quarantine gave me a chance to think a lot about things, what i want to accomplish, what i want people to remember me by. >> reporter: billy jean king tweeting about the titles, saying, both are cham

their legal charter from king james was for a green of land in northern virginia. but instead they anchored illegally and carved their first community from the sand. laying the foundation of the american character. since the beginning, drinking and taverns has been as much a part of american life as churches and preachers, or elections and politics. the interesting truth is that a glass of, beer a bottle of run, a kick of hard cider, a flask of whiskey or even a dry martini was often the silent, powerful third party to many decisions that shape the american story from the 17th said tree to the president. and one of the things that's unusual about american drinking is our ambivalence. so there are countries where people drink more. and there are countries where people drink less. but there is no other country where we were the drunkest country in the world in 1830, and we outlawed it entirely in 1930, by 1950 we were back to being up there. now we are back in our way on the other direction. so we're in the middle for ambivalence when it comes to drinking. every cent

even from the grave, william rufus king aided his old friend as a rhetorical talking point. as president james buchanan visited the university of north carolina, king's alma mater, where he invoked the memory of his friend. by then, with the rubble of this dis-unionion -- growing louder, his friendship with king must've seen a distant -- seemed a distant memory. with each passing year, it obtained a sentimental gloss. the inauguration of james buchanan must've been among the happiest days of his administration. in retrospect, it was more or less downhill from there. historians have commonly identified four major failures of the buchanan administration. first, the supreme court case in 1857, which buchanan not only supported, but secretly influenced. secondly, his role in the feud with stephen douglas over the compton constitution, which buchanan supported and douglas rejected. that divided the democratic party and arguably led to its breakup in 1860. third, buchanan's handling of the utah war of 1858 in which the president sent the army west in a territory settled by a few thousand mormons. fi

the king james bond bible and wampanoag. we had one those first editions. so today we have our language back. my wife is one of the teachers of the language. we have a monastery school. we teach pre-k up to third grade, and every year we had a great to it. going back three years ago, maybe two, the wampanoag tribe is still in mash be high school as top as a credit course like french, english, dutch reporting. yes that's real cool story, because if you lose your culture, you lose part of what you are, your identity. we got it back. let's fast forward to the next war. the war broke out. when i can tell you in 16 57, 16 60, that's when two of the big leaders lost their lives. bradford passed away in 57, -- in 16 16. he got the next generation coming up, i didn't care for each other much. why? the thought of land people thought of loner ship, and the other people did not think of ownership. when culture would build fences around where they live, the other culture would walk across what they call their backyard. you can't be there anymore. that's my culture. for

and up above are the rubens murals that king charles had painted in honor of his father, king james. his killers have purposely chosen this room, and a scaffold has been put outside of the banqueting hall and this very small king, only about 5 foot tall. a cig m night cap has been put over it so that the ax man can get a clean break, and his hair will not make the execution more difficult. the crowds are there to witness the king's death, but they're kept so far back from him that he cannot say anything that will be heard and might possibly move those there to witness it. the two executioners are wearing masks so they can never be known, and the king says to them, may i pray for a moment, and i'm going to put my head on the block and when i stretch my arms, that is when i'm ready to go. imagine this very small man on a bitterly cold day, and it is the end of an entire dynasty at this point. when his head is cut off, and he lifts the head to yell behold the head of a traitor, one witness says it is a groan as i have never herd before in that moment all order is unleashed. these are peo

a group of puritans had been agitating him for a cleaner the subjects of king james they are not leaving england and on attend to the to be behind subject to announce the authority of making way is a coming for the glory of god and advancement of the christian faith we are taking this voyage to plant a call of virginia. here is the language in this is for better ordering and preservation and furtherance. is kind of a lovely image. it is and intermittent image of civil days this is a corporate endeavor upon which they are engaged one signature is it more lengthy than another signature. they are individuals before signing this. they are now a community. that is one of the great legacies and their actions in leaving england of religious independence but by crafting the civil body politic they create the space for religious liberty and laws in the future. >>> we are going to march back to november 11th 1620. settlers arrived in the new world seeking religious freedom. let's remember when the pilgrims landed in cape cod, massachusetts they realized they needed something more. they needed a do

light up aboveso strange and are the reuben murals that king had painted in honor of his father king james. killers have person ally chosen this room. outside ofs been put the hall and this very small about five feet tall was never a strong man. he would ored whether even survivor childhood. until he was four or five he was around by a servant. he is there in a silk suit, has been bound and a silk thetcap put over it so that axman can get a clean break and the air will not make execution more difficult. i'm going to put my head on the block and when i stretch my arms that's when i'm ready to go. magine him on a bitterly cold day the end of a dynasty. believed at that point. when his head is cut off the lifts his head to scream behold the head of a the tkpwroefpb gasp and ne eyewitness says it is a groan as ever never heard before and one i never wish to hear again. these are people that have divine right of kings and they have just killed their king and now disorder has come. the church of england is destroyed and fragmented and it everything in the colonies as well because those oyal gove

up above are the murals that king charles has had painted in honor of his father, king james. his killers have purposely chosen this room. a scaffold has been put outside of the banqueting hall. only aboutmall king, five feet tall, was never a strongman. it was rumored whether he would even survive childhood. until he was four or five, he was carried around by a servant. he is in a silk suit, his hair has been bound, and a silk nightcap over it so the axeman can get a clean break and his hair will not make the execution more difficult. the crowds are there to witness his death, but are kept so far back from him that he cannot say anything that will be heard and might possibly move those there to witness it. the two executioners are wearing masks so they can never be known. the king says "may i pray for a moment?" i am going to put my head on the block, and when i stretch my arms, that's when i'm ready to go." imagine this very small man on a bitterly cold day, and it is the end of an entire dynasty, believed to be, at that point. when his head is cut off, and the executioner l

. >> king james's palace with the newly appointed coronation commission presided over by the duke of edinburgh. he was -- >> these courtiers, they have very, very traditional ideas about how things should be done. they were only to stay exactly the same. but philip thinks the royal family needs to modernize to survive. >> philip's been put in charge and things are going to change. >> they are on a collision course. it's velveeta versus the other guys. clearly, nothing melts like velveeta. ♪ she always wanted her smile to shine. now, she uses a capful of therabreath healthy smile oral rinse to give her the healthy, sparkly smile she always wanted. (crowd cheering) therabreath, it's a better mouthwash. at walmart, target and other fine stores. therabreath, it's when you're camping with friends and you get the biggest spot, and you swam in the river all day in the warm afternoon sun... that's pure gold. our great street, huge yard. there is a bit of an issue with our neighbors fencing. neighbor 1: allez! (sound from wind chimes) neighbor 2: (laughing) at least geico makes bundling our h

the rhythm, the pitch of black english, inhabiting the eloquence and rhetorical brilliance of the king james bible. all of this kind of informs and shapes how he is thinking about himself as an artist. you combine that with baldwin is an advent -- and adamant watcher. he describes the world as he sees it, as it is coming to him. the sensory data that his eyes provide for him. i think when we think about baldwin, it is not just attribute in get to genius. that much is true, but he is also this amazing artist who worked hard at his craft. inember, baldwin was born 1924 in harlem. he grows up in depression harlem. he is not in sugar hill. he is in the hood, as we would say. he willscircumstances, himself to becoming one of the most amazing writers the world has ever produced. that is a matter of discipline, stern discipline, a matter of attention to craft, as well as -- host: i want to play a bit of james baldwin, speaking at the national press club in 1986. he is answering a question about a hot -- about how to improve race relations. i want to hear what he has to say and then compare and cont

lakers took home the nba title, king james will have to defend his throne with preseason basketball tippingseason games on december 22. to start, most teams will have to play to empty arenas, something lebron james admits is no fun. >> it would never be something i would be fully comfortable with. >> reporter: after a wildly successful quarantine-free covid zone to finish the season, the nba has decided to burst its bubble. teams will be competing in home markets, traveling to away games by private planes, and of course players, coaches, and refs taking daily covid tests. >> everybody is super excited to compete against somebody else and play the game that we love. >> reporter: even as the virus spreads at record levels nationwide, coaches are projecting confidence. >> i think everybody is glad to be on the court, to be honest. >> reporter: as concerns simmer. more than 10% of the entire league tested positive this month. the nba announcing thursday eight more players tested positive for covid in addition to 48 cases found in the first round of preseason tests. new safety guidelines do not

they could reconnect with their english ancestry but be free of the reach of king james and his bishops. sounds like a great concept. unfortunately like many great concepts it proved very difficult to implement. the pilgrims were like many inner directed people. they knew each other wonderfully well but they had trouble relating to those outside of their circle and they became the objects of people who saw their group of religious radicals who wanted to go 3000 miles across the ocean to the new world as a way to separate them from their money. thomas weston would be a merchant from london who would tell them everything they wanted to hear. you have sympathy for their religious convictions and had the contacts that would provide them with the money they needed. he proved to be less than he advertised. by 1620, by the spring of 1620, he had not yet come up with a ship. the provisioning of the expedition was in chaos. more and more people began to worry that maybe this was not the right thing to do at this time. in fact, as more and more people dropped out they were going to come eventuall

amy: well, for more, we go to oakland where we're joined by james king. a state campaigner for the ella baker center for human rights, and a member of the stop san quentin outbreak coalition. he himself was incarcerated at san quentin from 2013 until this past december. welcome back to democracy now! it is great to have you with this. for the first time in the pandemic's history, the state prison system is battling covid-19 in all of the state's prisons come all 34. can you talk about what is happening and what people are describing as chaos, what needs to be done? >> good to see you again, amy. is outbreak in 34 prisons surging in a way that shows that overcrowded, unventilated prisons throughout the state are not safe to protect people from covid-19. something that public health officials have an saying for the past nine months. the public health officials have called for san quentin itself to andepopulated to 50% brought the state there are calls for each of our mass overcrowded prisons to be incarcerated in the same manner. throughout the state, there

king james now moving into second place in the all-time christmas day scoring list. second only to the late great kobe bryant, but there was no christmas cheer for steph curry and his golden state warriors with a second straight loss this time to the milwaukee bucks. >>> and sticking with sports in the nfl new orleans saints running back alvin kamara was in the christmas spirit sporting green and red cleats but what really stole the show was his performance. kamara scored six touchdowns against the vikings giving him 21 touchdowns for the season and a new career high. kamara also is tying the nfl touchdown record for the most in a game. those colorful cleats, though, might draw a fine from the league. so much sport, so much fun. >> kamara on your fantasy football team, dan? >> i don't understand why it would get a fine. it was the only thing i liked about the whole game. >> he was not on my husband's fantasy team but the person he was playing. it was not a good afternoon in my house. >> a child manages his team. >> an 11-year-old. >>> we do have a busy morning here.

the young artist's portrait of lebron james will be used as the cover naming king james athlete of theold you about tyler two weeks ago after getting a phone call from vice president-elect kamala harris praising his work. he tweeted out a time lapse of the portrait he made of her. she noticed it. he's painted many celebrities and famous folks. now tyler is becoming quite famous himself. so inspiring, this kid. >> well deserved. >> two kids that are inspiring. and i have to say being called the grinch by a man with soft hands, dan, i will not take it. >> good point. well played. yeah. >> why is everybody ganging up on me? >> you said, no callouses here. >> maybe you need some hard labor. >> it's called delegation. >> oh, geez. we'll be right back. oh, geez. we'll be right back. how i fee♪ ♪ breeze drifting on by you know how i feel ♪ [man: coughing] ♪ it's a new dawn, it's a new day... ♪ no matter how you got copd it's time to make a stand. ♪ ...and i'm feelin' good start a new day with trelegy. no once-daily copd medicine has the power to treat copd in as many ways as trelegy. with thr

morehouse and of course you not only hear the language in others but if you hear the language of the king jamesible and the language of the church so you can't help but have thoseen moments. >> i want to acknowledge the text saying his favorite writing is no name in the street. richard is in little rock arkansas. >> i would like to hear you talk briefly about how the students value education and in the historical context just talk a bit about that., thank you. >> it's hard to say. some it's the means to an end and we see an assault on the humanities and the disciplines that are not vehicles to making money or to a kind of profession as it were so we have some that approach the transactions i want to say that upfront then we have those that the curiosity drives them and they are reaching for newse ways of seeing that makest more expensive trying to get the keys to the universe library and the curiosity is just so infectious. i had a student this semester the first paper was full of all of this jargon and i was like do you talk like this, no, so then we worked our way through it and then the revi

with secretary of state james russ king at his side, he receives the distinguished leaders who attended. he expresses americas gratitude for the sympathy that has come from all over the world. president johnson has all along been a strong supporter of john f kennedy's policies. already he's made known that he intends to press for it hackman of the late presidents civil rights bill president johnson traveled widely in asia, europe, africa, the americans, and knows the aspirations of their peoples. he has assured the world that while defending the interest of free nations, he will continue the quest for peace. ♪ ♪ ♪ ♪ of the four presidential assassinations in u.s. history, notice attracted more in conspiracy theories than that of john f. kennedy professor nuremburg discusses the events when kennedy was shot and killed while riding in his motorcade. , killing of lee harvey oswald and the warren commission, which was organized to investigate the assassination. >> first let me thank you all for coming. it's not always easy to get here the metro is not working well today. second i would like

james houlton. marva johnson. belinda kaiser. kathleen king. stacy martin. senator patrick neil. lieutenant governor jeanette nuÑez. senator kathleen pass como. representative daniel perez. marcia kopecky. senator ray rodriguez. schwerin.rf frank chris sprowls. och.a st our electors is not present. can we move forward with the election of a replacement elector? >> yes, we may proceed. senator, please indicate if you are present by saying here. thank you. we will now proceed with the vote of the electors to determine if the senator can serve as a replacement elector. for ther vote replacement elector. once that is complete, cast your ballot. at this time, please complete your ballot. to meet and name the person for whom they will vote for president and nice -- vice president of the united states. the president of the senate is the vice president of the united states, the archivist of the united states, and the chief federal judge of the district. , the vice 26, 2021 president will preside over a joint session of congress. if the candidates for president receivedpresident have 270

he got most of his sense of the english language from reading shakespeare and the king james bible.e read evidently almost no history in his early days. the soul exception that we know of was mason williams' biography written in 1799 of george washington. it's a book few would read today and so certainly not for its accuracy. it is the book from which we get the fable about george washington chopping down the cherry tree and being unable to lie about it. he went onto develop a more informed and sophisticated understanding of history, but he never forgot that we miss history. elements of it stuck in his mind and influenced his view of the american revolution and the civil war and reflected his fundamental values. we know this because in february of 1861, 40 years after he read williams' book, lincoln drew upon it in public. he was on his way from illinois to washington for the inauguration. it was a time of great tension in the country. southern states were voting one by one to is a sesecede from th. he stopped off in trenton, new jersey, on his way to washington. in a speech to the

only hear the language of henry james, you know, and others, you hear the language of -- of the king jamesble and you hear the language of the church, the black church. you can't republican but have those moments evidence themselves. >> i want to acknowledge tadias and new port news, virginia, his text saying that his favorite writing by james baldwin is no name in the street. richards in little rock, arkansas, go ahead, richard. >> pyes, professor, i would jut like to hear you talk briefly about how students value education and in particular i'd give it historical context, how they valued it in the past compared to today? whatever, just talk a bit about that, thank you. >> you know, it's hard to say, i mean, you know, i don't want to -- i think some students who come to education instrumentally, right, i need to get this because i want to do this and get that, so education is news to an end and we see across higher ed an assault on the humanities, assault on the disciplines that are not kind of vehicles to making money, vehicles to a kind of profession as it were so you have some students