first as a student at m.i.t. and then at rockefeller. i chose to work on viruses because they were the simplest form of life and i thought we could make advances that took advantage of the knowledge of the centrality and the structure that had been elucidated in 1953. it was the only organism, if you can call a virus and organism, that you could begin to understand its fundamental nature. by the end of the 1960's, i realized the only thing we had left to understand in virology would be -- because the rest of it was still happening. as we all know. and so i set out to understand rna viruses. the transition of dna to rna. to really understand how an rna virus could exist, to cause cancer, that could permanently change the way a cell grew. luckily i found the path to showing that the virus particle itself had a -- that could reverse the flow of information, and therefore prepare a molecule that could modify the behavior of the cell. we at that point suspected, although i must say we did not know yet, that the way these viruses control cells

by the way, i have since because i have taught at m.i.t.harvard business school, i have realized education has changed so much you can be an entrepreneur and a teacher at the same time. back in 1985 or 1983, that was not the case. that was not something i pursued. the choices were, join a large pharmaceutical company beginning to hire engineers in this field, and then what i ended up doing by a chance encounter i had with somebody, was to start a company, which was extremely rare in the mid-to-late 1980's, let alone for a 24-year-old immigrant with zero experience. david: did your family say get a real job? don't start a company? noubar: absolutely. even though my father was an entrepreneur in the more trade, import-export type of entrepreneur, but definitely the risk was throwing away the education and the brand. david: you started a company when you were 24 years old? noubar: yes. david: and how did the company do? noubar: the company failed to fail and succeeded eventually in becoming the largest instrument company in the biotech field a

it's a story we first saw in "the washington post" and i spoke to the m.i.t.ast cancer. while mammograms have long been considered the gold standard in breast cancer detection, a new technology developed by m.i.t. professor regina barzilay and her student could change how women deal with their health. it's called mirai. they say it can see beyond what the human eye can detect on mammograms and determine if a patient is at risk years earlier. >> how did you train the machine? >> the way you train the machine is a similar way as your iphone is trained to identify your face. give it examples of images with known outcomes and machine is trained to kind of correlate the distribution of pixels to predict the future, to tell who is likely to get breast cancer. >> reporter: the technology is still in development and undergoing medical trials. regina using her own mammograms to test the accuracy of the technology. she scanned her first mammogram from 2012 seen here into mirai. from that picture the ai determined she was at high risk, something her doctors didn't identi

very fortunate to meet my future wife, now my wife while we were both attending graduate school at m.i.turban planning. so this is her hometown. so, we fell in love and moved to her city. [♪♪♪] [♪♪♪] >> i was introduced to this part of town while working on a campaign for gavin, who is running for mayor. i was one of the organizers out here and i met the people and i fell in love with them in the neighborhood. so it also was a place in the city that at the time that i could afford to buy a home and i wanted to own my own home. this is where we laid down our roots like many people in this neighborhood and we started our family and this is where we are going to be. i mean we are the part of san francisco. it's the two neighborhoods with the most children under the age of 18. everybody likes to talk about how san francisco is not family-friendly, there are not a lot of children and families. we have predominately single family homes. as i said, people move here to buy their first home, maybe with multiple family members or multiple families in the same home and they laid down their roots. [

m.i.t. does twice a week resting -- twice a week testing. uc berkeley, if you are vaccinated you do not have to test at all. do students generally find what you have now is adequate? >> we are required to test once a week. there was concern at the beginning of the year that it was overkill. especially among vaccinated students. i think now we are glad that they are catching it, it is not that big of an inconvenience. and are take-home tests, you test in your dorm room and drop it off at a dropbox. kristen: if you're late, do they cut off your access? >> if you do not test for a certain period of time, i am not sure what that period of time is, i think it is two weeks to a month, you will get warnings and ultimately you will be -- from dining halls. kristen: at least got to finish the fall quarter in person. a lot of universities have had to move online to do finals. cornell had 900 cases? >> we are on the quarter system. cornell and harvard are on the semester system. their semesters end weeks later than ours. most if not all of our students

at the top of my class at m.i.t., there were a half-dozen taiwanese in the top down. they have got the talents, they have got the money and they have got the geopolitical impetus. if we don't stay ahead on this, we could be obliterated. so, i think the geopolitical cards are still in play, and they are not going to get any worse. but on the other hand, they are knuckling to get any better. >> if we are talking about the geopolitical cards in play right now, how is this race laying out between countries or technological supremacy, technological independence, especially when it comes to semiconductors? >> this is just one piece on the chessboard, if you will, and it is an important piece. technology is such an important part of our lives and in many ways, economic security is national security. i can't help but think, two years to correct an imbalance of a supply and chips is an incredibly short time as it relates to geopolitics. we are talking about things that unfold over decades, as, say, the u.s.-china relationship. there is bound to be oversupplied 24 months down t

the user included this m.i.t. news article on controlling genes with light, which would have sustained the conspiracy. online. but when you go into google and type in "streetlight l17," it leads to this brand of the streetlight, and what the code really is is an indication of the brightness of the led light. this is another example, or one more, of how google search can lead to misinformation and even worse, conspiracy theories. mark: catalina, thank you very much indeed. the mind boggles. the business with kate, as ever, thank you. more news to come. stay with us, "ve from paris." how ridiculous are people? >> reporters on france 24 and france24.com. >> climate change is forcing senegal to revive its great green wall project, on hold for 15 years. the pan-african agency is in the northwest to talk to the people there. >> a huge project sewing a small seed of hope. >> deforestation has punch communities into poverty, and poverty leads to migration conflicts. >> find out how some of africa's most arid lands are bei

political scientist biologists and engineers from m.i.t. and harvard law school and a group of people who lean towards the conservator republican party but the british conservatives said we are conservatives but we have to do things for the society to stay whole as a unit and people at confidence when things are working for them. it was modeled on the british organization which was part of the conservative party like the tory party but it rich between the policy world and officeholders. he tried to be something like that within the republican party. >> was on it 10-point scale a group of liberals inclined republicans didn't entirely? >> young and practicing or whatever. it was actually starting in 1962 and when kennedy was assassinated. they said what are we all about and what should we do and we found a name for ourselves which is in wisconsin where the republican party was founded out of a bunch of prior organizations of the know-nothings and such so that specific deference to the founding republican party. >> way of the disadvantaged of

tom: i want to go back to m.i.t. and the chemical engineering shop you were weaned at.hey used a phrase called reaction functions. bowties talk about economic reaction functions. you live did. you actually lived it from where economics stole it from. do you have confidence in the reaction functions we see forward? should we be steeled for jump conditions? troy: the number one jump condition you should be steeled for is market reaction to ingressive taper -- to an aggressive taper. we know for a fact that whenever the fed tightens, it doesn't tend to go well, and you tend to have some degree of financial condition tightening because as we talked about the four, the fed weighs gets what they want. if they want tighter financial conditions, they get that. that arguably means we will have backup of the year, regardless of whether the back end of the yield curve goes higher. it will be a much more challenging environment to make money. that we are fairly certain of. tom: but corporations adapt. we have seen this. sloan is going to tell you corporations adapt. isn't that what

and m.i.t.fessor is using artificial intelligence to potentially predict cases years before symptoms arrive. plus, two days until christmas, so it is not too late. you can still get something under the tree without leaving your home. there are options if you want to stay safe. we've got to get in the holiday spirit with the guys from "deck the hallmark," sharing ways to celebrate some of their favorite movies of the season. reggie: since i won't be here tomorrow, ginger, i want to wish you and your family a very merry christmas. ginger: thank you, youtube -- u too. i will be somewhere deep into new jersey i think, with a big surprise. reggie: a good surprise. i will be watching, since i ♪ i see trees of green ♪ ♪ red roses too ♪ ♪ i see them bloom for me and you ♪ (music) ♪ so i think to myself ♪ ♪ oh what a wonderful world ♪ nurse mariyam sabo knows a moment this pure... ...demands a lotion this pure. new gold bond pure moisture lotion. 24-hour hydration. no parabens, dyes, or fragrances. gold

ali: it started five years ago with me traveling around the country to campuses, not just harvard, m.i.tord, but georgia tech, austin vanderbilt, and dozens of others. personally interviewing students. today, we have a whole distributed effort amongst members of our veteran community who do volunteer interviews, startups who do interviews who are eager to hire these bright students, and the interview process is something we have put a lot of thought into to enable each person to put their best foot forward and recognize each person might have different strengths. that helps us with a diversity. it is a rigorous technical evaluation. we are trying to find the founders of the future, top companies. i guess i will say, if you look at the top most valuable companies in the world, almost all of them were started by somebody who is an extremely smart -- smart computer programmer. most of them are still run by somebody with a computer science degree. i have had the privilege of investing in some of these companies at a very early stage, facebook, dropbox. and i have had the privilege of also re

graduate students, lawyers, political scientists, biologists, engineers from the cambridge area, tufts, m.i.t., harvard law school. and it was a group of people who felt vaguely oriented toward a more conservative party, the republican party, but within it, more sort of like a benjamin israeli and the british but we have to do things in order for the society to stay whole and for people to have confidence that things are working for them. specifically it was modelled on a british organization called the bo group which was part of the conservative party there, but it was sort of a bridge between academic circles, policy world, and office holders. so the rippon side set out with this grant pretension to try to be something like that within the republican party. >> on a ten-point scale, it was a group of liberal inclined republican students entirely? >> yes, grad students -- >> and it was -- ten point scale. a liberal -- the group of liberal-inclined republican students entirely? or mainly? >> yes, grad students -- >> and then graduates -- founded in? >> it was actually started to percolate in 1

it's reiterated by those like m.i.t. david rose who speculate it will enchant every day objects. reviving a more ancient ontology where in matter has a liveliness, resilience, unpredictability is itself a source of wonder for us. a refrain that reads less of a poetic device than mystical implication. this vision of the future may be another form of wishful thinking but it's a compelling one if only because of the symmetry. it seems only right the technology should restore to us the technology it destroyed. perhaps the only way out is through. i'm going to stop there. a will the of the book is about reenchantment narratives. this desire to return to a human condition. i talk in the first chapter about the disenchantment thesis which is this idea that technology and science has demystified the world that stop the world of wonds r and magic and awe. they believe this was a central trauma of trying to get back to this earlier time before the scientific revolution. it's a very contested thesis. there's been a lot written about it over the years. my focus in this book is about how this

despite being a small guy, master degree from m.i.t., a congressman that voted against giving a congressionaled against anti-lynching laws, and tweeted and deleted a comparison between vaccine mandates and the holocaust. yeah. and he's largely flown under the radar because he is considered a run of the mill wing nut by those in congress. that's the problem. the palpable weirdness of picturing your family with automatic weapons for a christmas card is only a win if you're trying to play to the base, own the libs, or both. and that's the situation massie is in. you see, his district is rated r plus 18 in american politics. it means 18% republican registration advantage. that is in a state with a democratic governor. in other words, the only meaningful election thomasy will face is the primary if he wants to stay in power. the plight of the few who had the courage to stand up for real conservative principles and condemn attempts to overturn the constitution. for example, the republicans who voted to impeach trump after the insurrectionists represent gop districts in states biden won. adam kinzin

i looked at data from the broad institute of m.i.t.ions go from collecting a sample, getting a nasal swab to testing to then sequencing and then reporting the results of that sequencing. reporting the variant result. you see here, in the united states it takes us on average according to the data up to 28 days to go through that process. in the uk, it takes about ten days. you see the gap here in speed, jim. i think that's where there is room for improvement for the nation. jim? >> jacqueline howard, thanks so much. we'll be watching closely. joining me to discuss dr. megan ranney, emergency physician and dean of public health at brown university in rhode island. good to have you back here. first, as these new steps roll out including this travel restriction, what we have restrictions from some countries and now this travel requirement for people coming in from all countries, do you think the changes make sense, particularly as we continue to monitor the presence and significance of omicron? >> so president biden is certainly following

you've probably figured out by now the roller coaster metaphor we began with-- which came courtesy of m.i.tofessor john sterman, who put capitalist market cycles in context here on the newshour back whesoviet socialism was collapsing. >> so, what we've done is created the simulated beer company, which you will manage over the next hour and a half. >> reporter: a role-playing game in which each team represents a link in the beer supply chain. >> so, it's a balancing act. you want to have inventories as low as possible, but you d't want to run out. >> we don't have anything comi in, and we're going to get into demand in a hurry, and we're gog to stock out. >> reporter: oh, my god. we have nothing coming-- >> we have zero coming in. >> stock-outs lead to panic orders, and customers who can't get what they want start ordering more than what they really need, and they start hoarding inventory. and that, of course, makes everything worse, in a kind of vicious cycle, self-reinforcing process. >> reporter: sterman has actually come up with a new prop for today's supply chain disturbances. >> with a

legacy and from the start-up, and then finally, you know, rj comes from a culture, his education at m.i.tteam approach to manufacturing and definitely trying to be leading edge, top leading edge on the factory floor. teslas problems, trying to overautomate shanghai once they got it done went much more smoothly. it's not great to hear a couple hundred delay. partly could be because of their focus on quality, but it does, especially due to the ramp delays a the tesla in context a few hundred in a quarter may not make a big difference a year from now. >> obviously how they compared to tesla what about to the other newer ev entrants are they ahead in the curve relative to them and how significant is having that amazon partnership >> the amazon partnership will help on the van side still in production, pre-production on that van you know, in terms of the other start-ups, you know, lucid is up roughly the same place physic fisker outsourcing and the legacy companies, they really, you know, shouldn't have the same issues production ramping on making a vehicle, but issues around battery and drive

are you aware of a study at m.i.t. that said every nation that complies with the paris accords, it would only reduce carbon emissions by .2%. >> i am not aware of that study. >> could you take a look at it and give us your thoughts on it and give us some idea if that is true or not? that is a pretty big statement for them to make. >> the gentleman's time has expired. the gentleman from virginia is now recognized for five minutes. >> thank you so much for having this hearing. i must say my friend just talked about crises. he is absolutely right. the biden administration inherited endless crises from the trump administration. everything from an insurrection at the capital to a pandemic that was made so much worse by the lack of response from the trump administration. we just voted for a continuing resolution for national disaster relief. 175 of my republican colleagues voted against it. your budget has been zeroed out by some of my colleagues. is that a crisis to you? could it create a crisis for america in terms of prep

we even see that happening at institutions like harvard and m.i.t. they collaborate those resources together in order to give those students the best experience that they can have and the best exposures they can have. i think it is super important as we continue to look at this as a model, there is another instance in terms of looking at making sure the workplace development piece is in-line line with the need. one of the areas we talked with hbcus is that cybersecurity area. it is not as strong as it could be in terms of looking at military preparedness and there are several of the institutions looking at how to funnel and channel a collaborate to make those areas stronger. rep. miller-meeks: interesting you're bringing that up because representative bowman just talked about stem education and i think mr. perry did as well. the success in hbcus in graduating in science degrees and further science degrees and computer technological. certainly that is a value to the military. it is value to their education and would facilitate careers in technology, a

so this is a company that spun out of m.i.t.er and had a recent prototype early and were hoping it could be useful in particular situations like detecting superspreaders. this is in boston, for example. imagine it would have been nice going into the biogen conference that tuned in to the superspreading event to filter out people who were super infectious. and i wan to say the fda did what the fda does which is make sure tests are accurate, effective and safe and what ended up happening is that rubric wasn't well adapted for the situation that ended up unfolding that you needed something that would work fast and instead what happened people waited in lines for pcr test that is didn't come back for days at a time. >> in a statement the fda writes, quote, unfortunately, many submissions the fda has received for home tests include incomplete or poor data. it is the fda's responsibility to protect the public health by declining to authorize poorly performing tests or those without data. by balancing speed with safety we have taken nu

getting into the weeds on it and finding to set some rules about this he taught a course on it at m.i.this are we going to see much greater restrictions or at least much greater rules of the road when it comes to crypto >> becky, crypto -- gosh, it's a wide variety of products and a wide variety of functions, touches on many areas. capital raising and the trading of securities is one area where the s.e.c. touched i have long believed that the rules in that area are fairly clear and longstanding if you are raising capital publicly for a project, you generally have to register those sales, that capital raising with the s.e.c. if you're trading securities, it needs to be done on a regulated venue. there are many other aspects of crypto whether it's stablecoins that are not securities or other tokenized elements of our society that will be outside of the s.e.c.'s purview this is a whole of government approach let me say this, i'm a huge believer in this technology. i think that the efficiency benefits in the financial system and otherwise from tokenization are a mess i would look for the go

very fortunate to meet my future wife now my wife while we were both attending graduate school at m.i.tudying urban planning. so this is her hometown. so we fell in love and moved to her city. [♪] [♪] >> i was introduced to this part of town while working on a campaign for gavin, who is running for mayor. i was one of the organizers out here and i met the people and i fell in love with them in the neighborhood. so it also was a place in the city that at the time that i could afford to buy a home and i wanted to own my own home. this is where we laid down our roots like many people in this neighborhood and we started our family and this is where we are going to be. i mean we are the part of san francisco. it's the two neighborhoods with the most children under the age of 18. everybody likes to talk about how san francisco is not family-friendly there are not a lot of children and families. we have predominately single family homes. as i said people move here to buy their first home, maybe with multiple family members or multiple families in the same home and they laid down their roots. [