earlier this year, she gave the keynote address at a february 19 event at the malcolm x and dr. y shabazz memorial and educational center, housed in the former audubon ballroom. professor davis spoke about malcolm's legacy, as well as the increasing attacks on the teaching of black history by florida governor ron desantis and others. she began by referencing the actor ossie davis, who gave the eulogy at malcolm x's funeral describing him as "our own black shining prince!" >> ossie said the following in malcolm's eulogy, "last year from africa he wrote these words -- malcolm wrote these words to a friend. my journey, he says, has almost ended. and i have a much broader scope and when i started out, which i believe will add new life and dimension to our struggle for freedom and honor and dignity in the space. i am raising these things so that you will know for a fact the tremendous sympathy and support we have among the african states for our human rights struggle. the main things come he wrote, is that we keep united front where in our most valuable time and energy will not be was

they both spoke last friday at the malcolm x and dr.ty shabazz memorial and educational center, which is housed in the former audubon ballroom in new york where malcolm x was assassinated in 1965. last friday marked what would have been malcolm's 98th birthday. we begin with nikole hannah jones. >> i was a sophomore in high school when i first read the autobiography of malcolm x. it was one of those three transformative texts in my life. i could never see myself as a black person the same after reading that text. a year later i sat in the movie theater in iowa captivated by mr. lee's brilliant storytelling in malcolm x -- >> [inaudible] >> anybody who knows me knows that is my favorite movie. i have watched it so many times. i was just watching recently. if you going to the newspaper archives, you'll will see a young nikole hannah jones with a malcolm x medallion on after i let the walkout at my school demanding black history be taught to all in our high school. [applause] i am honored to be here with you tonight and to stand in this ro

king's comment about oratory was not related to malcolm x.about all of this, we're joined in chicago by jonathan eig. this is an epic work. congratulations on years of research and writing. why don't we begin where i left off on this exposÉ around what martin luther king early thought of malcolm x. talk about the significance of how alex haley shaped the narrative for so many decades and who haley was. >> he was one of the best-known african-american journalists of his era. he wrote for a lot of mainstream white publications like reader's digest and playboy. the one for playboy what the longest published interview that king ever gave. it had significant impact in reached a lot of white readers who are not otherwise going to be exposed to such a long interview with king. because of the comments that king made were supposedly made about malcolm x, it has been handed down for decades, for generations that this is what king thought about malcolm x and as you pointed out in the introduction, largely fabricated. amy: talk about how you found this o

-- did not remember the dates would say, well, malcolm x, right? he was assassinated in 1965. i did not expect him to be a huge figure but in fact he was in the book, because all these leaders of the black power movement that emerged in 1966 all looked up to him. they thought they were carrying on what he had started. he had inspired them. it is not at all clear that their interpretation of malcolm x was correct. and i end the book by saying that i think that, you know, you never know, but had he survived, i think he might have provided a level of mature leadership, certainly charismatic leadership, to the movement that, for all of their strengths, i think some of these younger leaders did not ultimately have in the same way. >> martin luther king kind of the establishment civil rights leader. what was his relationship with the black panthers, the black power movement, and did it change his focus? >> it's an interesting question. the other thing that happened in 1966 as martin luther king tried to take his version of the civil rights movement north

. >> we have been telling the story of the relationship between martin luther king and malcolm x for generations, based in part on that quote, the sense that martin luther king had this antagonism, and it just wasn't true. ♪ >> major funding for the "pbs newshour" has been provided by -- the ongoing support of these individuals and institutions. and friends of the newshour, including kathy and paul anderson, and camilla and george smith. >> cunard is a proud supporter of public television. on a voyage with cunard, the world awaits. a world of flavor. diverse destinations. and immersive experiences. a world of entertainment. and british style. all with cunard's white star service. >> pediatrics irvine -- surgeon. volunteer. topiary artist. a raymondjames financial advisor tailors advice to help you live your life. life well planned. >> the john s and j knight foundation fostering informed and engaged communities. more at kaf.org. >> and with the ongoing support of these individuals and institutions. ♪ >> this program was made possible by the corporation for public broadcasting, and by

martin luther king and malcolm x only met one time. this picture is the only time those two met. progressed? >> malcolm x began to show my interest in politics, he began saying that not all white people where the devil, he broke from the nation of islam, and in fact in 1963 he traveled to alabama to speak and went out of his way to see martin luther kaye in selma. when he got there he found that the king was in jail, and he spoke to caretta scott king and said tell dr. king that i am aware of what i'm doing and that maybe by me being the more volatile speaker, i can make people realize that they are better of dealing with dr. king. maybe i can be of some help in that way, and james baldwin wrote that late in their lives they were fairly indistinguishable when it came to their police and their philosophy's. >> i want to play you some sound from a 1967 interview with mlk, and get your thoughts on the other side. >> when a nation becomes obsessed with the guns of war it loses its social perspective and programs of social uplift suffer, this is just a fact of history. >> it is often

. >> also i am thinking malcolm x. malcolm x knew the fallacy of integration. that is what resonated, even back in the early 60's. even civil rights advocates said it's not one thing or this thing or that but everyone understood what he meant when, one of the things he said in his speech he said you can go out and integrate, you can go to those neighborhoods and integrate but pretty soon they are going to leave and take all the stuff and you will be all by yourself. and people would laugh but he was making a point, he sought is a waste of time. everybody black knew what he meant. for that he was called militant and he was called anti-whatever. anti-american which i find really ironic. can you speak to -- 66, i read this with great interest this was a turning point. malcolm x talked about how this had to be a freedom movement not just civil rights it was bigger than that. other younger people understood this was about human rights. personhood. it was not just about the right to vote etc.. really black power to me means black empowerment. >> and i decided that i

the transcripts, i was shocked because the most famous criticism that martin luther king had of malcolm x came from that interview in playboy when he said that martin luther king said that malcolm's fiery demagogic oratory would bring nothing but grief. that his violence was doing nothing about harm to black people in america. king never said that. and the quotes have been changed dramatically. some of them have been entirely invented. and we've been telling the story of the relationship between martin luther king and malcolm x for generations, based in part on that quote, the sense that martin luther king had this antagonism, and it just wasn't true. what king said in that interview was that i don't know that i have all the answers. i don't want to be so arrogant as to think that everything i say and do is right. i'm interested in what malcolm has to say. i don't like his calls for violence, but they seem to agree on the call for black dignity on the on the call for black equal rights. they agreed. on much more than they disagreed on. >> do you have a sense of why alex haley would fabric

thomas. >> and he had a hero, malcolm x. >> we want freedom by any means necessary. we want justice by any means necessary. we want equality by any means necessary. >> they had a post from malcolm x in his dorm room. justice thomas boasted of one point he had read all of his speeches and he said want done he could quote you some of them by heart. so he really did pay attention to malcolm x. >> host: michael kirk, where you as surprised as i soon some of us are many of us may be about that part of justice background? >> guest: yes. it's part of one part of the matrix, whatever you want to call it, the complications of clarence thomas is approach. he's very surprising and every step of the way as he gears from one side to another and begins to form is political ideology and also his way of living in his life. ohe was, while he was a campus radical, for lack of a more specific term, he was also extremely against intermarriage between black people and white people. in the end of course he would marry janie. so the back and forth, the pendulum swinging of clarence thomas

martin luther king and malcolm x were sort of turned into these characters. e other was this radical militant. what do you think people could understand in reading your new book about a nuance, the nuances of mlk that have been flattened by pop culture and history? >> i wrote this book in large part because i wanted people to remember he was human, that he had struggles, that he suffered doubts. he went through anxiety, and he still had the courage to fight on after having his home bombs, after being stabbed in the chest, after having the entire weight of the fbi directed at trying to destroy him. he did not give up on us, and he continues to hope there was a way forward. so a big part of the reason for this book is to try to restore that three dimensionality. we watered down his message. we have republicans and democrats both sides of the aisle misquoting hip, really misusing his words. ted cruz most egregiously this week, but there's never a moment where somebody is not quoting him for a purpose that he would strongly disagree. so i hope that people will eng

. >> we've been telling the story of the relationship between martin luther king and malcolm x forns, based in part on that quote, the sense that martin luther king had this antagonism, and it just wasn't

king and martin and malcolm x and the other famous leaders. did your opinion change any of them during the writing the book? yeah, that's a very that's a really, really good question. so here's how i would say a quick answer it's a little bit simplistic, but i kind of thought of the black power leaders. they were really cool right. they looked cool. they were handsome. they were, you know, they had these, you know, cool outfits and forth and so on. but their ideas were a little crazy, right? i actually came to respect their ideas, you know, i realized that actually this original idea of black power, which was black political organizing, made a lot of sense that actually what the panthers the original idea of the panthers on the west coast, which was civilian patrols, keep an eye on police to make sure that they didn't abuse their power in dealing with white with black citizens. that made all kinds of sense. and it still makes today, you know, we see that, you know, in the headlines today. now, they wanted to do it with guns carrying guns. and

, where he accused malcolm x of fiery demagogic oratory -- appears to have been fabricated. lation will force us to reconsider the unconventional, the conventional understanding of the relationship between king and x. >> it's a huge discovery. i was shocked. we have red, for decades, for generations, that king said he delivered -- considered malcolm fiery oratory damaging to the cause, damaging to the people. that was made up, it was fraudulent. in fact, the transcripts of that interview -- and one of the things i do actually, when i find a long interview with -- a go to the notes, i find the tapes. the notes in this case and get the cages at king never said that, and what he actually said, he's like i realize i don't have all the answers. my come and i certainly disagree on the issue of violence, but i'm open to learning from malcolm and understanding him better. king was much more open minded, and this is one of the great things about king. the people he disagreed, it likes to billy carmichael, he wanted to talk to them. he wanted to hear them out. he wasn't looking to just

you never see politicians transition into malcolm x, why is that, maybe because malcolm x didn't talk like a sharecropper. xenophobia, seems almost an technique. this show has taken a stand against color blind equality, and against racism. >> and there are, jen, there are people, again, people who i've read who think make some very important points on different issues who are actually going out defending him saying, well, andrew sullivan, tucker represents something nonetheless real, a deepening suspicion of corporate and government authority, and bari weiss says, you can't deny how important tucker was and is. nelly and i watched his monologues and not quite nightly but the next day on you tube. let's see. what else did she say. just said he was one of the only people on tv who made viewers aware of the new military industrial complex. the alliance between big tech and the government. i mean, you know what, i could name about five other people. i want you guys to play that clip again, and i want you to play the clip because i want these people who are defending tucker carlson, i want

you never see politicians transitions to say malcolm x. why is that?hobia. it seems almost antique. this show, more than any other show in television, is taking an aggressive position in the favor of color blind equality, and against racism. [laughter] >> now, having watched all of that, can you believe that some people, even some on the left, are saying tucker carlson was a populist on tv, a champion of the people? some of the left could do business with, even. this is something we will discuss after the break with joan and jamele. and i forget you can listen to the mehdi hassan show anytime free, wherever you get your podcasts. podcasts re tide in every pod. who needs that much more tide? (crashing sounds) everyone's gonna need more tide. it's a mess out there. that's why there's 85% more tide in every power pod. -see? -baby: ah. with a majority of my patience with sensitivity, i see irritated gums and weak enamel. sensodyne sensitivity gum & enamel relieves sensitivity, helps restore gum health, and rehardens enamel. i'm a big advocate of recommendi

louisiana state prison correctional center, formerly called angola in louisiana, and an office where malcolm x served his time that we got it out of prison cell amc. i know if we can replace the bunk in other fixtures with a library so it's been a beautiful journey. in fact and think that that people would dig learning more about the work and i hope that they would be encouraged to contribute in a support read reginald dwayne betts is the founder of freedom reads we appreciate your time on booktv and about books. it is my pleasure. thank you for having me. thanks for joining us for about books this is a podcast and program produce by c-span booktv. you can listen to it and the entire library of c-span podcasts on the c-span app or wherever. get your podcasts. oscar. thank you so much for being here and i'm excited tlk

he did pay attention to malcolm x.k, were you surprised as i assume some of us may be about that part of justice thomas'background? guest: yes, and it is one part of the matrix of whatever you want to call it, the complications of clarence thomas'approach. he is very surprising in every step of the way as he veers from one side to another and begins to form his political ideology and his way of living and way of life. while -- he was a campus radical. he was also extremely against intermarriage between black people and white people. in the end, he would marry ginny . the back and forth, the pendulum swinging of clarence thomas' approach to life, the law and learning. all surprised me, as much as you could surprise anybody. like me, you think, oh, i know the story. i had no sense of either clarence or ginny until we started to make this film several months ago. it takes months to make these things. the deeper we dug, the more i realized, oh, my gosh, this is a tremendously complicated figure we are trying to explain. ho

he did pay attention to malcolm x.k, were you surprised as i assume some of us may be about that part of justice thomas'background? guest: yes, and it is one part of the matrix of whatever you want to call it, the complications of clarence thomas'approach. he is very surprising in every step of the way as he veers from one side to another and begins to form his political ideology and his way of living and way of life. while -- he was a campus radical. he was also extremely against intermarriage between black people and white people. in the end, he would marry ginny . the back and forth, the pendulum swinging of clarence thomas' approach to life, the law and learning. all surprised me, as much as you could surprise anybody. like me, you think, oh, i know the story. i had no sense of either clarence or ginny until we started to make this film several months ago. it takes months to make these things. the deeper we dug, the more i realized, oh, my gosh, this is a tremendously complicated figure we are trying to explain. ho

. >> narrator: and he had a hero, malcolm x. >> we want freedom by any means necessary. we want equality by any means necessary. >> narrator: he had a poster of malcolm x in his dorm room. >> justice thomas boasted at one point he had read all of his speeches. and he said, at one time, he could quote you some of them by heart. i mean, so he really did pay attention to malcolm x. >> we are oppressed, we are exploited. we are downtrodden. we are denied not only civil rights, but even human rights. >> narrator: clarence thomas's activism culminated in his junior year, as protests broke out 40 miles away in harvard square. >> an estimated 2,000 radical students from the greater boston area decided to march to cambridge and continue demonstrating. >> we drank our way to harvard square, where our disorderly parade deteriorated into a full-scale riot. >> the demonstration then turned into the most extreme civil disorder in cambridge history. 4,000 students against 2,000 police. (people shouting) >> the police fired rounds of tear gas into the crowd, but that didn't deter us, an

i picked up the autobiography of malcolm x, black like me, several books about the black and american experience. i would not have had that at the school decided they were too controversial. so i think we have to allow for wide latitude in terms of the literature available, especially at the high school level. but i think we have to have a grounding first in the basics of american history, the basics of american civics. and the emphasis should be on providing those books to students rather than focusing, necessarily, on the radical books, the radical critiques, especially at younger grades. we can introduce them to the difficult and problematic parts of our history. we can introduce them to different topics like abortion, same-sex marriage, things like that. i think it is not banning books to decide that some books do not serve that purpose in a way that is age-appropriate. ironically, the banning is happening more frequently on liberal college campuses or even in liberal states like california. just recently, a state judge struck down a state law that was signed by jerry brown, the p

remember them monument in oakland which celebrates famous humanitarians, like winston churchill, malcolm x, and nelson mandela. >> we are trying to plant the seed of, these are what great people do, and they are normal people just like you and they start somewhere just like you. larry: the remember them monument celebrating 10 years the alternative education center organizing a field trip for students every year. the monument they say is inspirational. >> i get to live my life freely because they fought for freedom. >> there is hope. it's a small little speck of hope in me. it'll grow. larry: the remember them monument is engraved with braille at the bottom. the artist telling us here it was important to him that everyone could receive his message. kristen: adorable animals, but they are causing big problems at a south bay animal shelter. reporter: a new push for automatic braking systems. what this could mean for your about my new furniture business... well, everything except the whole business part. not anymore. with quickbooks, you can confidently manage your business. right now, get 70

s assassination and malcolm x's ideology.s today. >> absolutely. i think the thing is that a lot of people, he grew up, as we mentioned, under his grandfather's roof. he wanted him to be a priest and just kept him working kind of doing his own thing. and once clarence tries the seminary in college and high school for a couple of years, you mentioned the martin luther king assassination. when he was at the seminary during the martin luther king assassination that one of his classmates implied was a good thing that martin luther king got killed. so he drops out of the seminary and goes to college. a lot of it is clarence trying to find himself. this is the first time that he's sort of on his own, he has to make these decisions about who he wants to be. and in 1968, what cooler than black panthers and revolutionaries. it makes a lot of sense why somebody might gravitate toward that because at least the look of it is like sort of arresting and it makes you stand out. >> one of the things i love about slate's podcast, especially "

i think that was malcolm x who said real men do not put their children on the farming lines.zed strategy. your response to them? janice: we did not have any other choice. if our parents had protested, they could have lost their jobs, they would have gone to jail, there was no one to take care of us. but as bevel pointed out to us, we didn't have anything to lose. we were getting a second-class education. we had all kinds of inequities put on us. if we wanted that to change, we had to be the change agents. we didn't have anything to lose. amy: paul kix, if you could talk about a secret meeting that was held that included james bevel and dr. king, and then the unbelievable fundraiser that was held in harry belafonte's apartment, who we just lost at the age of 96, and what that meant for this movement. paul: in january of 1963, the sclc had a secret meeting in dorchester, georgia. they didn't even invite all of the executive directors. martin luther king didn't even invite his own father to the meeting because they wanted to discuss what they called the most dangerous idea in th

. >> i made the "malcolm x" move what did i do?of myself. [ cheers and applause oh, man. >> jimmy: i want to show everyone a clip. here's giancarlo esposito in "kaleidoscope. take a looook at this.s. ♪ [ metal l clatter [ [ water splalash ] [ bubbbbles ♪ ♪ oh ♪ >> no one can pinpoint the exact moment it all fell apart [ cheers and applause >> jimmy: giancarlo esposito "kaleidoscope" is streaming now on netflix we'll be right back with a from alvvays. stick around, everybody. [ cheers and applause ♪ ♪ ♪ why y are there e two extra a ? are e we gettingng a dog? a a great danene? two o great danenes?! i knknow. giant t uncle dae and d his giant t beard. maybe a drdragon? no, dragagons are boboring. twinin sisters!! and onone is a robobot anand one is a a knight. anand i'll b be onon the side e of... ththe octopus.s. rawr!!!! ththe volkswagagen atlas.. morere room for r possibilit. it's hard to run a business on your own. make it easier on yourself. with shopify, you can have everything you need to streamline your shipping, returns, an

his idol was malcolm x. politics of whatever the group is that's going to support him. so that by the time he's in reagan's washington post, he joins the republican revolution with reagan because it 1% of the film says the line was short of four black people over there than it is with the democratic party. so clarence notice that. and began to adapt and adopt the politics of reagan. so he could support it from the background. that was really, prevalent, the ticket to move up and raise enough eyebrows and enough attention for himself to become potentially a nominee for the united states supreme court in a republican administration. >> coming up next, school districts across the country are experiencing the highest teacher turnover rate in years. we will speak with the head of the national education association, becky pringle, about what is driving some teachers out of the classroom. that and much more when morning joe comes back. joe comes back. where you should feel free. i know... i was talking about the do

you never see politicians say malcolm x, why is that? he didn't talk like a sharecropper. xenophobia, seems look antique. there's colorblind equality and against racism. >> i -- i wanted to talk to you today. you've been -- you've had the courage to sort of go toe to toe with him. you've underscored and highlighted what -- it's hard to figure out what is most odious that he broadcast. the thing that's intriguing to me about the message is it's a video he was watching weeks before. so i -- my brain was wondering if it was something from december 19th where we know at least a couple of of the proud boys weren't allowed to be in washington on the -- we don't know. that isn't known yet. that isn't part of this reporting. but i think it is probably the sad truth that this was a business decision. tell me your reaction to reading these words from tucker carlson and what he thought was a private moment. >> on the one hand you can't not be shocked by this stuff. on the other hand, it is kind of, well, it's not that surprising, it's tucker carlson. and jeremy said a moment ago and

people called him clarence-x, as his idol was malcolm x.rything he believed in, and it included interracial marriage. you watch the trajectory, coming out of the rejection, and each time he is rejected by a different group, he's seeking home, he follows the politics of whatever the group is that's going to support him. so by the time he's in reagan's washington, where he's joined the republican revelation with reagan, because as one person said in the film, the line was shorter for black people over there than it is with the democratic party. clarence noticed that and began to adapt and adopt the politics of reagan, so that he could support him from the background. that was really the ticket for him to move up and raise enough eyebrows and enough attention for himself to become, potentially, a nominee for the united states supreme court in a republican administration. >> michael, elise jordan here. it's very rare for the spouse of a supreme court justice to be so front and center and politically active. can you tell us what you learned abou