rogers: what i tell people is -- charlie: from a nationstate.+++ the sony scenario.ou have seen it within the last eight weeks in the ukraine, actors used cyber as a tool to create a series of effects within the ukrainian power grid. you can see the activity, we are watching nationstates develop capabilities designed to achieve effect against industrial control systems, status systems. we are watching nationstates engage inactivity that we believe is designed to generate knowledge about those infrastructures. how are they set up? you've seen these acts of his -- physical destruction. my concern is that at some point this will move from the theoretical reconnaissance to an actual event. timmy come it is a question of "when" not "if." charlie: have you seen any of these efforts? adm. rogers: i would not say that i have seen efforts to attempt to destroy or manipulate in any significant way. i am trying to be careful here so i apologize, charlie. but i remind people that threat is capability and intent. i'm watching multiple actors demonstrate the capability to gain acc

europe had nationstates and nationstate systems longer. and with that, shoe on that on your drive home, and thank you very much. [inaudible conversations] >> every day books are reviewed by publications throughout the country. here's a look at some recently reviewed books. richard engel's new book on the middle east was reviewed by kevin canfield for the kansas city star. he writes: here is former 1st lady laura bush who wrote the forward talking about her interest in working with afghan women. >> when the spotlight turned on afghanistan, american women, including myself, so women who are marginalized, left out, and the idea of the government that would for bid half of its population from being educated was shocking to americans, american men and women, but many people start -- started calling me to say, i wantsay, i want to do something, what can i do to help. one of my best friends from houston called and said, i used to be so glad i am not in your shoes, but now i'm not. reform the council and the various projects were thought of to sup

they have had nationstates longer. so were in a new phase. so with that, you can chew on that on your trip home. thank you very much. i will sign will sign as many books as i can. [applause]. [inaudible conversation] [inaudible conversation] [inaudible conversation] >> here's a look at some of the authors recently featured on book tvs afterwards. our weekly author interview program. michael eric dyson explored how race has impacted the obama administration. washington post columnist argued that the republican party's adoption of a cold water conservative principle is driving away moderate voters. former nsa and cia director michael hayden recalled the decisions he made as a director of both agencies following the events of september eleventh. on the coming weeks, nancy cohen nancy : on the challenges that women face in politics and the potential of a female president. that will explore the history of a voter fraud and suppression. also coming up former congressman talks about the guiding principles he follows in his professional and personal

gray area.s new offervulnerabilities smaller nationstates. cloakg as you can somehow or obscured the chain from the -- somebody in a position of authority giving that order to the defense contractor to do the, attribution back to nationstate is going to be something that is tricky, even if it is common sense. an act of foreign reconnaissance by a nationstate is going to result in an indictment. that is not going to go anywhere. the foreign minister of iran has said we are not going to be extraditing to the united states. it is a replay of what happened with the indictment of five members of the people's liberation army of china for cyber -- for attempting to steal information from different u.s. companies. don't have a military theonse to it because justification for the military to get involved, the amount of evidence they need, the proof that it was an order from a nationstate, that is impossible to find. we are talking to patrick tucker. our next call is from robert, ocala, florida. good morning. a question on cyber security and who contro

europe is made up of a whole confluence of countries that are still pretty new nationstates.w nations, new states. britain and france are relatively rare. you of all sorts of faultlines within the european union that we disguised through a trading agreement that is not necessarily the frontline afoot governments have to worry about -- that governments have to worry about. france are relatively rare. you of all sorts of faultlines within the european union that wetom: i have trouble with the word security. to me, it is just the will to do with intelligence and there is a diminishment of liberties here. explain to me any optimism you have that the united states of europe can act like the united states of america. >> i personally don't believe there will ever be a united states of europe that will look like the united states of america because we have come at from a different angle. what i do think you have found in the past is that the reason the eu existed was because those proud nationstates reckoned they could not compete in an increasingly difficult global economy without c

there has been no policy to stand up for the european nationstates. trish: no. definitely not.e the gop candidates backing off? whoever that person may be? the republican civil war is getting even uglier. that is right after this. ♪ for those who've served and the families that have supported them, we offer our best service in return. usaa. we know what it means to serve. get an insurance quote and see why 92% of our members plan to stay for life. every year, the amount of data your enterprise uses goes up. smart devices are up. cloud is up. analytics is up. seems like everything is up except your budget. introducing comcast business enterprise solutions. with a different kind of network that delivers the bandwidth you need without the high cost. because you can't build the business of tomorrow on the network of yesterday. speed back is there anyone on stage who is unwilling tonight to pledge your support to that even chew all nominees of the republican party? >> what a difference six months make. one of the first republican debate. donald trump promised to support the republic

questions for the first one is a mention the problem in the middle east regarding the occupation of nationstates, it's a matter of demography. there's boundaries of new created eights in the region. looking to jordan as an example, really nice explanation it was a recommendation of the british officers. on each line you can see two fingers. [inaudible] so we believe looking to the future that to keep. [inaudible] based on the demography i mentioned in syria, it might be in other countries a homogeneous demography, this might be an option to allow it kind of stability. they believe. [inaudible] the decision whether or be an independent state or not, should be considered regarding other considerations. [inaudible] >> back here on my left,. >> eric rosenman, given the lack of reconciliation on the palestinian side that you mention from years back in the current manipulation, why doesn't israel to the best of its ability close down the mechanisms to what's that conveyed question. >> first of all we do close but you know in the time of information they can escape, they can overcome it. just last week

investigators say it is the type of operation mounted by nationstates.om the fed to the philippines and sri lanka, $100 million stolen, $81 million sent to the philippines, another $20 million into sri lanka, all part of a eager attempt to steal $1 billion. we understand the fbi may be assisting in the probe. cyber experts will try to trace the links. it is a wake-up call. all will have to scrutinize the system more closely. >> cyber security, this is a 21st-century problem here. how far-reaching are the consequences for the philippines? is it at risk of being blacklisted. it could threaten the wider financial sector and all of the philippines, and according to one senator the company may face moneyblacklisted as a laundering haven. money laundering has been a huge trouble there for a long time. the credit rating was raised to investment grade not long ago in 2013. that may be short-lived if the government isn't able to allay concerns that it is taking action. it has to find out how money stolen from bangladesh was withdrawn from accounts set up at banks

in my view, the nationstate is not obsolete. europe is unable to function as an entity, really. they seem incapable. the sacrifice for denmark and the u.k., maybe, but who is willing to die for brussels, where i am going tonight, for a conference. this whole idea of an international trade agreement, where number nine gets the same boat as a leader of the economy of the greatest economy in the world. give me a break. that is not good trade negotiations. we do not need to go into a transatlantic union. these it should be bilateral, in my opinion, and we should do those. we reach agreements with our partners, maybe some of us have principles in an agreement we signed bilaterally. but i go bilateral trade and focus on that. mark, you're anxious, i can tell. sen. sessions: thank you all for letting me share that. i am just looking at the data. they can honestly be said that we should pay more attention to the people who fight our wars, raise our children, and create the next generation, that hopefully will keep us strong. mark: senator, you said you would take some questions. i think

the nationstate, europe, and europe's relations with the rest of the world., to begin with. it's easy as a german to stand in texas and say that belgium needs to address its security problems and do better at integrating muslim minorities. it does. but as we ought to know, all of us, and certainly in germany from our experiences elsewhere, or it might case, nationbuilding and democracy building at home, which we had to do quite a lot of after 1945, throwing money at is -- of what is essentially a governance problem will not only not solve the problem, it will often make it worse. as shocking as this may sound, i think that what we now in the west have to understand and face is that we have mistakenly perhaps pursue and that western-style democracies are essentially and fundamentally stable. that pluralism, representative --titutions, inclusive is inclusive economies and fundamental contracts are things that we can take for granted. they are capable of self from -- self repairing. i believe that if we are honest with ourselves, this is simply not true. the 200

seen is that we are determined to hold individuals accountable, whether they are affiliated with a nationstaterorist group. and, no matter where they are in the world. what you saw was very serious conduct, they attacked 46 financial institutions and caused tens of millions of dollars worth of damage. they affected hundreds of thousands of customers. byt we have shown today is face, by name, that we can determine exactly who they are, and what they did so we can hold them accountable. iran has no extradition treaty with the u.s.? what you hope to get out of it? think this is an approach we've talked about for a wild now, working with the private sector so we can take people from behind a veil of anonymity and make them public. for a wild now, hackers thought they could get away scott free. you have seen this week alone starting tuesday, we were able to hold accountable the members of the syrian electronic army. including their falsely claiming that the white house is under in theand causing a dip stock market. we found out who they were. and wednesday, you saw the arrest of a chinese businessm

the recognition of right of nationstate of the territory acquired through any measure since 1933 acquisition has been crystallized and against the kind of acquisition. i cannot elaborate justification. we might well explain the phenomenon by asserting the constitutional relationship has not been an important issue for the united states and by rebound of no importance. what is the duty? through scholars in the it is not unusual to participate in discussions in which scholars pretend to establish the people of puerto rico as perfectly happy. the people of puerto rico have consented to the actual relationship with the united states or the alternative that we have done nothing. in the 1st place, it is clear the main cause of the economic crisis is probably the colonial rule which the house has been submitted to. in 2012 the actual territorial relationship. the university of puerto rico on april 4 fiscal poverty and puerto rico. the inter-american commission, both issues of human rights. in light of that to change the paradigms that the case is much more than a simple political matter. [applause]

emily: bed -- charlie: bad guys can be criminals and nationstates. >> anyone. us will have hurt knowledge that we have weakened our systems and enacted laws to make sure everyone uses those. you can make the argument that will be safeguarded with legal protections, but we have seen what happened with the break-ins from target to the government break-ins. weakening security is a fundamentally terrible idea. it is there or not. even if slightly weakened, it does not exist. this particular case is not exactly the same thing. here, the government has asked apple not just hand over data that they happen to have. they are saying we know you do not have this data, we want you that opens there phone and gives data to us. he is a known terrorist and a bad guy. it is one timeay only and we are not trying to open the back door. we have a problem with how people interpret keywords. , the realityately .s that this is a complex issue people conflate the two issues. precedent and legal issue that apple and fbi are digging out. charlie: why is that true? max: the software can

that's right get more concerned about the nuclear threat than a big nationstate by china.at they're trying to do, cut down on the possibility of nuclear materials getting into the obvious wrong hands. what are we not doing that we should be doing on the rock? >> the president is fond the right track. it is faltering with president putin not commenting. i don't think you make many more games. i think a pragmatist on a professional soldier we should make the assumption that many materials are accessible to groups out there and at some point these things could be accessed. i don't think we are doing enough there. we are so busy following the antics of politics that i don't think we are considering how serious cases is in their doomsday mindset to get their hands on this. two of these guys were surveying nuclear facilities before the brussels attack. connell: that is a real threat. he said we are perceived to be weak i presume. so even if that is the case, the threat of a nationstate, like china actually firing a missile at the united states. that is not so much a thread is ge

with each one of those so to the extent there can be a fair amount that isil poses a risk as a nationstate and there is a sentiment among those parties but not all that this represents a threat to the country but there's not and that's the difficulty is that there is a wide range of views in the political spectrum. >> thank you mr. chairman. i yield back. >> as the chairman and even alluded to, there is a lot of education that will be taking place. the director clapper and director comey come if you would elaborate briefly with section 702 is to your prospective agencies. >> i will start that i will also but i will also invite the deputy director of the nsa all of us have an equity that represents the vital intelligence capability for all of us. just to be clear, this is a provision that governs the tradition that governs the collection on non-us persons overseas and the current law expires in december of 2017 and so we are already embarked on the education campaign to ensure that people understand what the vital tool this is. let me first turn. >> for the efforts against the valid foreign

immigrants in recent decades based on immigration studies analysis of government data, one third of nationstates immigrant populations of 15%, california, nevada, texas, florida, new york and new jersey have an immigrant population over 25%. and 61 million legal and illegal immigrants are living in the us. as recently as 1970 there were only 13.5 million immigrants and their young children in the country. one example, california went from 13% immigrant in 1970 to 37% last year. i want to ask you, does this study give ammunition to the critics, immigration critics who say we need to pull back, restrict work permits because the influence of immigrants, numbers are surprising is restricting the ability of americans living in the us to get higher-paying wages, do you think that argument -- >> sound like donald trump. >> two minutes ago i grabbed the two ladies. >> immigration has been thrust to the forefront because of what you mentioned. that voting block am of the jobs voting block and a lot of construction jobs outsourced to illegal immigrants is garnering a lot of support for someone like donald

longest most peaceful and most mutually beneficial relationship since the countries birth of the nationstaterelationship that does not just served its own interest. it serves the entire world. canadians and americans also value economic interdependence. we know that it brings greater prosperity for all of us. over $2.4 billion worth of goods and services across the border every day, evidence of one of the largest and most mutually beneficial trading relationships in the world. exportsur most popular to the united states has been another justin. i need you to stop teasing him. no, no. that kid has had a great year. it took a canadian to reach international fame with a song called --. together, canada and the u.s. negotiated trade agreements at that have expanded opportunities for our businesses, created millions of good, well-paying jobs for our workers and made products more affordable for american and canadian families. we must never take that partnership for granted. i can promise you that our -- my government never will but nor ourld we forget that responsibilities extend beyond our own b

but in my view, the nationstate is not obsolete. europe is unable to function as an entity really. it is on capable. -- it is incapable. they will sacrifice for denmark and the u.k. may be but who is willing to die for brussels, where i am going tonight for a conference? and so, this whole idea that we are getting an international trade agreement, where number nine gets the same vote as a leader of the greatest economy in the world. give me a break. that is not good trade negotiations. we do not need to go into a transatlantic union. -- a transpacific union. if we want to do trade deals, they should be bilateral, and my opinion, and we should do those. we reach agreements with our partners, maybe some of us have p, it couldin this tp begin any trade agreement we have signed bilaterally -- but i would go to the bilateral trade and focus on that. mark, you are anxious, i can tell. i've got to get out of here. sen. sessions: thank you all letting me share that. i am not a perfect economist. i'm just looking at the data. it honestly can be said that we pay more attention to people who

at the nationstate level, it is easy for me to stand here in texas and say that belgium needs to address its security problems, and we do better at integrating muslim minorities. of us,ought to know, all and germany ought to know, from our experiences of nation building elsewhere, or in my case, nation building at home, or democracy building at home, which we had to do quite a lot of after 1945, it is essentially a governance problem, will not it will not only not solve the problem, but will often make it worse. as shocking as this may sound, i think what we now in the west have to understand and face, is that we have mistakenly assume d that western-style democracies are fundamentally stable. that rule of law, representative institutions, and a functioning social contract are things we can take for granted. dance --ey take a dent from time to time, they are capable of self repairing. i believe that if we are honest with ourselves, we have to admit that this is simply untrue. globalization, the 2008 financial crisis, and technological change have brought huge fragmenting powers and press

to a place where we have a common decision matrix on how to push gdp comes25% of their from the nationstate at question. the national security posture in our economics didn't quite align. so i argue the reason strategic intelligence, the reason an aggressive intelligence posture is important and why we ought to go through every line and every personal and presidential directive when we get the opportunity -- i know they debate it. i think there are some restrictions that we can improve on. we ought to go back and say, what serves u.s. interests, and what serves the world's interests? we should stop apologizing for helping europe because we had an aggressive intelligence campaign that may have found the culprit for a new cell, or the fact that the taiwanese were able to get passports used in thailand, packaged through syria to get people into europe. we call that a good day's work in the intelligence business. but none of that happened the cause of self-imposed restrictions. -- we took a at major resource of finding bad guys traveling through europe and took it off the table in 2014. how man

he thought there were problems but i think he admired the nationstate status of the british government and he thought that if you're going to be a nationalist government you needed to have that power. and jefferson thought that was a disaster. he was dubious about national power and he had lived in france right before the french revolution and he was very taken by that sort of spirit and rhetoric about liberty and equality and he was worried about monarchy and the two different visions just completely collide. washington was left to deal with them all. as long as washington was alive, everyone had enormous respect for him. he is one of the people that you can find anything about him whatsoever. as long as he was there comes some held. once he retired then things really fell apart. it was quite remarkable that the country had survived. >> we have time for a couple of questions. are you aware of any decision with the notes either mentioned before support of the decision? [inaudible] >> supreme court -- for most of its history has been careful not to cite directly to the notes, but they t

nationstates are under pressure. fragile and failing states are a bigger threat in our age than interstate conflict. that is through the middle east and also in northern africa. i don't think any conflict, including syria, would be easier redrew the we just maps and changed state lines. instead, my country invests great resources and energy into the salvation of fragile states. my last example goes back to the cold war. you know, when i was your age, i was also at university, but my university was just a few dozen miles away from the iron curtain. the line in those days dividing my country and the entire world. i remember the pain of division and that is why in southern munich we are not back in the cold war. we should not talk ourselves into it. instead, let's look at what we have learned. we have an institution called, the organization that not only helped us to overcome the cold war, but that can still help us to solve the conflict of today. take the ukrainian crisis. without the courageous men and women of the ov

with when such an attack is motivated by greed or directed by an arm of the nationstate, it must andill be met with a strong law enforcement respons . reporter: in addition to the banks, a dam just outside new york city was also hacked through a cellular modem which enabled the attackers to access the control system. while they did not gain operational the control they were able to access information. the hackers all live in iran and are not expected to be extradited anytime soon but the fbi says they will be held accountable. >> we will work together to shrink the world and impose costs on those people so no matter where they are they will we will try to resent and no matter how hard they work to hide their identity and tradecraft, we will find ways to do that she'll then identify them. reporter: today's indictment is only the third announcement by the us which has described this as part of a strategic shift in recent years to discourage foreign governments from cyber hacking into us governance and corporate computer systems. jon: scary stuff. laura, thank you. abby: coming up: risi

we will see an increase in the lack of cooperation across nationstates.i think by just what i just said, we can imagine where that will go and what will happen with that. we shouldn't let that happen. we have tools in our toolbox to change that course. that's what i want to get across today. throw up their hands and say, well, what do we do about the middle east? but just as senator corker continues to remind us, the u.s. senator from tennessee, we need a broader you -- a broader middle east strategy, one that is long-term and mixed in spirit we can't -- and makes sense. those people are people like anybody else. know i docome as you have experienced yourself, historical realities that have pushed them into a very unfortunate time period. but that doesn't mean we just say, oh well, that's just unfortunate. we look and see how we get come again, the different interests between the different proxies are now -- because this is in many ways a proxy war -- how do we get them to collaborate? how do we bridge the sectarian divide that currently exists? how do we

you'll see more capabilities out there that allowcriminals , nationstates to effectively attack and penetrate mobile devices. >> and no one believes the end of the specific legal fight between apple and the government means the end of privacy versus security battle. that heather still seems likely to end up at some point in the hands of the supreme court. have a question mark. heather: jonathan, apple's argument was that they had to create some sort of what, program or piece of equipment in order to break in? >> their argument was they would have to create some sort of software that would enable them to get into the phone and that could be hijacked by any government abroad or even any terrorist groups. it seems the government has now found another way so apple may not have been entirely truthful here and the government said originally they exhausted every single method. clearly that wasn't true eithe . heather: jonathan hunt, live for us. jon: why on delta employee could be getting a first-class ticket to jail plus, another provocative move by north korea. >>> wrely on the us postal service?

were is one of the most, if not the most important thing the nationstate or a democracy engages in aroad, certainly, so it is of the utmost seriousness that the government, the people who elected the government, at some kind of understanding of who in their country -- who represents them abroad, and what they are doing. what blackwater, what erik prince provides -- on one hand, he is not wrong. they are very effective, very efficient, i should say, in providing the services they offer, but the question is without accountability, transparency, what do they get away with? when things go wrong, what is the recourse? has shownwater historically is there is very little recourse for when things go wrong. so, it is a very, very dangerous weapon or two will, if you will, to have erik prince, or have a mercenary organization operating. what he has done now by leaving the u.s. government and going and doing it on his own, he has separated -- there is even less connection between accountability and transparency because he is offering his services directly to foreign countrtries. when things go

he had comes out and has to say something quickly as any nationstate or does.s enough? what action is enough? stuart: totally wrong yet again, but thanks for being here. he sent me a container of tiffany colÓn. >> now we are talking about this on the air. stuart: thank you very much. leslie marshall, you are all right. you can come again. up next, a very emotional story. a child taken away from her family because of her heritage. the judge on that next. my dad gave me those shares, you know. he ran that company. i get it. but you know i think you own too much. gotta manage your risk. and you've gotta switch to decaf. an honest opinion, even if you disagree. with 13,000 financial advisors, it's how edward jones makes sense of investing. parnell pharmaceuticals, spotparn on nasdaq. parnell is focused on delivering innovative solutions to unmetanimal health needs in the 70 billion dollar pet market. we have core competences in drug discovery and development, regulatory filings, we have our own fda approved manufacturing facility and we have a significant commercia

in the 3rd question, it is not independence contrary to the new global dependency of nationstates to engage in new and comprehensive international agreements through which more and more integration is made in terms of economy, defense, security, and actually delegation of authority centralized entity not independent under the new developments of international? so i think that several facts and conclusions so far , stipulated, puerto rico was acquired by the end of the spanish cuban-american more. second, since then then up to these have exercised plenary powers of her puerto rico under article four section three. and forth and not incorporation was developed by several articles published by the harvard law review and the dr. discussed with the building blocks that later the supreme court used in the so-called insular cases they constitutionalize the actual relationship between the us and puerto rico. those are situations that can be underlined according to what the panelists said before. but i would like to return to the treaty. particularly the interaction. puerto rico belongs to bu

instead of worrying about sophisticated nationstate attacks, first you should handle a free attack toolsecond, we are not even patching known vulnerabilities that have been around for 10 years. this verizon report had a stunning graphic that showed 97% of the successful tax were due to just --successful attacks were due to just 10 known vulnerabilities for over a decade. maybe the minimal hygiene, is make sure your industrial systems are not nakedly exposed to the internet. that is the shodan rule. easy way to control that 30-year-old industrial color system is not to have it exposed to the internet. significantg elective risks through our attack surface. first. saw you stanford. with there's a lot of talk of software insurance. given that iot in the home has toasters, ovens, refrigerators, dryers and washers, we are not looking at hardware assurance as well and the vulnerabilities embedded within hardware. the supply chain is coming from overseas, so what are your thoughts on hardware safety? >> there is a lot of work when we talk about differences and adversaries. the fourth is differ

the workforce, these people are patriots and they take their mission serious about keeping this nationstate safe in understanding the constraints. i'm a private-sector guy. i understand the constraints. we have to put our heads together and figure out what do we need to do so your department is staffed with the best and brightest. there are plenty of patriots in america that will do it. let's try and breakdown the barriers we create bureaucratically. >> we have terrific career people and i agree with what tom said which is we ought to appeal to people's sense of of patriotism and hey, how about spending a couple years serving your country, working for for the government and cyber security which will better enable you to get that traffic job later on in the private sector. >> they have a marketing ad campaign trying to make it really attractive to, not going to these apps, but go in and figure out how do you make an economy run with the information technology. maybe we can do something like that. again, we want to work with you in terms of what senator mccain was talking about so the refugee

also a conversation about nationstates are probably not going to be the solution to most of our major climate problems. we are going going to have to have some kind of global coalition or initiative. i'm just wondering where you see the virtuous possibilities? i can see where you're coming with the local and i completely agree but i'm just wondering where you leave the solution for the global opportunity? >> i see the global space to me is more idea based and commerce based. it is easier to disseminate an idea to a lot of different places and then different people can work on that idea in lots of different ways, sort of the way and open source caterpillar trucks and disseminate those in a lot of places and let people build things themselves. i love disseminating plants to a lot of places. i think back to the era when you could start date national movement by sending out handbooks like the boy scout handbook so the qantas club. like here is how you do it and then you do it your way. you community is going to decide what is good and what is not. which is sort of the way it went. but it

years, i get another flavor of threat, a group of nationstates i have taken to label and fishes, brutal, and nuclear. pakistan, and i throw the russians in there too. when it goes bump, it is worse in what we are worried about because of brussels. i probably have 3, 4, 5 years to get a handle on them. i go the timeline to 10 and way up here is china. again, i don't want you to think i am treating china like al qaeda, or china like north korea, i am just saying that the people'stion of the republic is the most serious security challenge we have. we do have some time. that is how i make it. it is not quite the answer. marc: tummy what you don't know, general? [laughter] michael: so he wanted to make it up. i do think that the brussels event will create incredible torque in the stability of a part of the world that is important to the united states. by the immigrant crisis, by the instability with turkey, we are going to have to pay attention to europe. that may be something that is going to be pushed. let me be kind. you have a populist government movements in several european countries r

i am talking about every nationstate having a national cve strategy that focuses on on aligning policiesith local and communal interests. when these policies and interests are not aligned, guess what happens? revolutions like what we have seen that do not go the right way. number two -- and i must say that i do not believe in revolutions, but it is important to understand how this all begins and how it can be prevented in a more peaceful way. number two is to empower civil society. by civil society, i mean nonprofit organizations, but i also mean the private sector as well. everybody plays a role here. we cannot just contract this out to the pentagon or to the defense department or to the ministry of defense. this is, again, going back to the ecosystem, this is a responsibility that all of us can play a part in in different ways. number three -- number two connects to number three. expanding political opportunities for at-risk populations. we can be strategic in where we focus our soft power initiatives. for example, we can be strategic about -- as i mentioned, one of the top places his

whether such an attack is motivated by greed or directed by an arm of a nationstate, it must and willbe met with a strong law enforcement response. beyond law enforcement what we can and will do -- the cyberattacks should serve as a wake-up call for everyone responsible for the security of our financial markets and a wake-up call for everyone interested regarding our infrastructure, our future security depends on heeding that call. out to thank some people. -- i want to thank some people. this is no ordinary crime or investigation. solving a criminal cyber case like this take a lot of people working in a lot of different places in close collaboration with each other. i want to thank my friend, attorney general loretta lynch for her leadership and guidance on this case and every case she oversees. out to thank john carlin, assistant attorney general of the national security division and the folks in his office at work on this case. and of course the fe ever created the fbi. the sprawling investigation involve a lot of different fbi offices. i want to acknowledge and thank them all. the

peaceful and most mutually beneficial relationship of any two countries since the birth of the nationstate. it's a relationship that doesn't just serve its own interests but serves the entire world. canadians and americans also value economic interdependence because we know that it brings greater prosperity for all of us. over $2.4 billion of goods and services cross the border every day, evidence of one of the largest and most mutually beneficial trading relationships in the world. and one of your most popular exports to the united states and i need you to stop teasing him is another justice. no, that kid has had a great year. and of course leave it to a canadian to reach international fame with a song called hurry. together canada and the us negotiated trade agreements that have expanded opportunities for our business, created millions of goods, well-paying jobs for our workers and made products more affordable for more canadians and american families. we must never take that partnership for granted. i can promise you my government never will. nor should we forget that our responsibiliti

at the same time there's no doubt are cybersecurity and privacy are under relentless attack from nationstate and criminal hackers in greater encryption provides a key defense. we can all agree law-enforcement intelligence community have an obligation to investigate crimes to prevent harm to americans. similarly there's no doubt that american companies have obligations to shareholders to maximize profits in an increasingly competitive global world into their customers to safeguard privacy. our job in congress is to reconcile legitimate obligations and priorities. it is our job to draw lines. i'm not advocating a broad mandate on decryption or do i favor a world where law enforcement that they shut out of the list that communications than the hubble court approved warrant. but i am advocating is for a cooperative that-based approach to solving this very real problem. congress imposed a solution at the mass, but it would be far better for us to arrive at a resolution through negotiation with all the stakeholders that sets a standard for best practices and when we can live with that hold and cha

as someone who really knows what he is doing and once something you have especially in the nationstate there is nothing you can do. a few years ago the defense court had a special panel on cyberwarfare and they concluded the inherent fragility of our architecture, the inherent fragility, all these things that built over time and it was an arms race, they reported, looked at the records of a lot of wargames and were tasked to hack in and always got it. the buzzwords in pentagon circles they don't always talk about prevention. you don't leave your doors open. they are talking about perfection and resilience, to detect when someone is hacking really fast and resilience, stick them out and repair what damage you can. the game is lost on kicking people out. you don't want to give up the game. they are going to get in. this i learned after i wrote the book. the navy for example is teaching people to used sextant's because they figure the data linked to gps might be hacked. there is a lot of worry, our entire qualitative advantage is built on things that are networks and they can hack into th

minimizing the problem, and that may be as good as it gets has to simultaneously occur at three levels, nationstateeurope and europe is a relation with its neighborhood and the rest of the world. ,f that something a tall order of course it is. the national level, it is easy for me as a german to center in texas and say, belgium needs to address it security problems and we would do better at integrating minorities. it does. but as we often know, all of us, and certainly germany ought to know, from our experience with developing nation building elsewhere, or in my case nationbuilding or democracy building at home, which we had to do a lot of after 1945, throwing money at what is a governance problem, a problem of political culture will not only not solve the problem, it'll often make it worse. as shocking as this may sound, i think what we have to understand in the west and face is that we thatmistakingly assumed western democracies are essentially stable, that rules of law represent different institutions and a social contracts are things we can take for granted. dent from time to time. i have to sa

in my view, the nationstate is not obsolete. asope is unable to function an entity, really. they seem incapable. the sacrifice for denmark and the u.k., maybe, but who is brussels, die for where i am going tonight, for a conference. this whole idea of an international trade agreement, where number nine gets the same boat as a leader of the economy of the greatest economy in the world. give me a break. that is not good trade negotiations. we do not need to go into a transatlantic union. these it should be bilateral, in my opinion, and we should do those. we reach agreements with our partners, maybe some of us have in an agreement we signed bilaterally. but i go bilateral trade and focus on that. mark, you're anxious, i can tell. marx: thank you -- sen. sessions: thank you all for letting me share that. i am just looking at the data. they can honestly be said that we should pay more attention to the people who fight our wars, raise our children, and create the next generation, that hopefully will keep us strong. ark: senator, you said you would take some questions. think you a

the nationstate, europe, and europe's relations with its neighborhood and the rest of the world. that is a tall order. level, it isstate easy for me to stand here in texas and say that belgium needs to address it security problems and do better to incorporate muslim minorities. but as we know from our experience with the nationbuilding elsewhere, or at home, democracy building at home, and we had to do quite a lot of after 1945, it is essentially a governance problem , will not only not solve the problem, but will often make it worse. sound, ing as this may think what we now in the west have to understand and race, -- face, is that we have mistakenly assume that western-style democracies are stable. institutions,ive economy, and a social contract of things we can take for granted. if they take offense from time to time, they are self repairing or adjusting. i believe that if we are honest with ourselves, we have to admit that this is simply untrue. globalization, the 2008 financial crisis, and technological change have brought huge fragmenting pressures and challenges. i have to

will happen is organized crime or a nationstate will do so using an update to then hack into a phone, maybe the phone of a secretary of of chief of the federal reserve, maybe the phone of a hvac employee who is going to serve as the power plant. what we are going to do is decrease our security. that's that's the risk that is coming from the request. i get that law-enforcement wants data protection allows maximum under legal authorization. an nsa colleague once remarked that while his agency has the right to break into certain systems, no guarantee that right would be easy to do so. the problem is when he billed the way in for someone who is of the owner to get at the data you build away and for someone else to get in as well. let me go to clear for a moment. moment. clea is a security nightmare, i know congress didn't intend it that way but it is. if yes the intelligence people there tell you, there many ways for the various stores to take advantage of the opening offered by law-enforcement. instead of embracing the communication device and security we so badly need, law-enforcement i

in my view, the nationstate is not obsolete. europe is unable to function as an entity, really. is incapable. you will sacrifice for denmark, and the u.k. may be, but who is willing to die for brussels? this whole idea that we get into these international trade agreements -- give me a break. need to go into a transpacific union. if we want to do trade deals, they should be bilateral, and we should do those. we reached agreements with their partners, maybe some of the principles could be in any trade agreement we sign bilaterally, but i would go bilateral trade, and focus on that. >> you have to get out of here. >> i have a hearing. thank you for letting me share that. i'm not an economist, i'm just looking at the data. i feel he can honestly be said we should pay more attention to andle who fight our wars create the next generation that will hopefully keep a strong. >> you said you would take a few questions. them.ing to get killed by theender sessions, i'm with wall street journal. you talked about your concerns about immigrants taking jobs away from americans. you talked about