it is about a decision of a nationstate to act. we know nationstates make mistakes. we saw that happen tragically in the case of the ukrainian airliner the iranians shot down. there is serious risk of miscalculation. that is something we might want to talk about. host: that may read the phone number so folks can call in for jamil jaffer. democrats, 202-748-8000. republicans, 202-748-8001. independents 202-748-8002. facebook postings, we will read for everyone else. i thought i read there may be as many as 10,000 attempts every .inute by iran put that in perspective for us. guest: one of the things about doing things on computer systems all of thesetomate activities. take data out without people knowing or manipulate data so people do not know it has been modified. there you probably want someone on a keyboard working on it. a lot of cyber attacks, we talk about a range of things. toot of those are attempts slow things down, distributed denial of service attacks. where they take control of a number of devices, whether your own ios devices or your thermostat and contro

it is about a decision of a nationstate to act. we know nationstates make mistakes.w that happen tragically in the case of the ukrainian airliner the iranians shot down. there is serious risk of miscalculation. that is something we might want to talk about. host: that may read the phone number so folks can call in for jamil jaffer. democrats, 202-748-8000. republicans, 202-748-8001. independents 202-748-8002. facebook postings, we will read for everyone else. i thought i read there may be as many as 10,000 attempts every .inute by iran put that in perspective for us. guest: one of the things about doing things on computer systems all of thesetomate activities. take data out without people knowing or manipulate data so people do not know it has been modified. there you probably want someone on a keyboard working on it. a lot of cyber attacks, we talk about a range of things. toot of those are attempts slow things down, distributed denial of service attacks. where they take control of a number of devices, whether your own ios devices or your thermostat and control devi

-- artingng -- thw nationstates.topher wray says he sees at least three nationstates. taylor: what are the ways in which you see hackers getting to us in 2020? it is -- is it as simple as the voting machine or something much more enhanced? >> when it comes to the comes to the individual or the corporation, we need to be wary of our information supply chains, cloud service providers, outside general councils, outside marketing firms that we utilize. those entities will be attacked. their infrastructures will essentially be jacked to target us and our constituencies as a whole. what carbon black or vmware carbon black research has shown is there is a dramatic uptick in destructive attacks where hackers are manipulating the integrity of data and changing the way a corporation operates or an individual thinks specific to their devices and digital environments. taylor: i love that you brought up the cloud, because we have grown up thinking that the cloud is secure and safe. as the cloud more at risk than we think it is? >

and then with social trust without nationalism in the sense to create the nationstates.with those critical entities. but now capitalism will tend towards that openness but you need the nation to have the government to write the rules to facilitate the trade. so that there is no such thing as free floating libertarian out in the ether. everybody lives somewhere and everyone has to be governed and there has to be rules even for the market for trade to work. >> is that an acceptable answer? [laughter] >> exactly just a neutral observer. so that is the end of the discussion. lets think rich lowery very much. [applause] he will be outside signing book books. thank you for being here. [inaudible conversations]

you have a rogue nationstates with dedicated cyberattack divisions.olitical tension continues to manifest in cyberspace. with things like the trade war and other current events around the global stage. taylor: you know, tom, i wonder who is most at risk. i talked to cybersecurity experts and they say it is the employees. that we are exposing the companies. financial institutions are always a big threat. who, in your opinion, really poses the biggest risk in 2020? tom: i think there is a shift in how hackers are hacking. they have moved away from burglary to home invasion. it is a lot more dangerous in that they will take over and commandeer your digital transformation efforts and use your infrastructure, your website, your mobile app and a network to attack your customers. your brand will be used against your constituency, and that's the awakening that must be had in corporate america. taylor: i want to forward in the election. as you look at 2020, are we more prepared than 2016? tom: i would say we are more prepared, because we are aware of the antic

us actions have had the unwise effect of driving three of our principal nationstate adversaries into historically unprecedented levels of cooperation. just recently iran, china and russia conducted joint naval operations in the gulf of oman and notably the us actions that i've described have been carried out mostly by president trump without congressional approval and often without any notice or any consultation with congress. members of congress have had to read about these actions in the newspapers rather than tibeing informed by the trump administration. at this moment with the specter of war so present, it is time for congress to assert itself. we cannot let the president destroy american diplomacy on his own. we cannot let a president take our nation, take our troops, take our best and brightest into an unnecessary war on his own. indeed, we cannot leave the lives of our troops up to the whim of this president or of any president. that's why senator durbin and i have introduced the war powers act referenced by the nlpresident, a resolution that will force esthe removal of us tro

>> i would say we are more prepared because we are aware of the antics that certain nationstates willto manipulate democracy as a whole, re's very few, the states that have taken up the assistance from the federal government to secure their systems. wray said in testimony in front of congress that he sees activities by at least three nations based on our targeted electoral system, not all of which have the same goal in mind. taylor: what are the ways in which you see hackers getting to us in 2020? is it as simple as a voting machine or something much more enhanced? >> we need to be very wary of our information supply chains, cloud service providers, outside general counsel, the outside marketing firms we utilize, and even as individuals, we have to stay on our guard because those andties will be attacked, their infrastructures will be checked to target us. what our research has shown as there is a dramatic uptick of destructive attacks where hackers manipulate the integrity of data and change exactly the way either a corporation operates or an individual thinks specific to their advic

when we look at nationstate ,hreats, nationstate actors digital age, cyber, all of what you said is a can tripping factor. from a departmental perspective, we go where the threat is. in,e see threats coming economic threats, and intelligence and the like, we adapt our procedures accordingly. the threats the secretary may have been faced with are different today because our adversaries are changing as well. as they change, we will change as well. as ave the growth of cisa result of that, and making sure that not only the federal networks are protected but that we are sharing information with our state and local partners. me, how do you prioritize at the department? and i would say, we follow the threat. not only the threats of today, but as we look forward, what are the threats of tomorrow and how do we position the department accordingly. sometimes, that is difficult when working with congress because it is a little bit of a budgets andu build get new authorities, so it takes time to do that. when ieats of today, leave the department and in three to five years, there will be new sets

that is breaking down, so it is very hard on an individual nationstate basis to argue for those costs. but when you see it happening across the board and the problems of the coordination, this is an example of it, arguably, the bilateral tariff war with china as another example of it, you see more of those costs started to ratchet up. you recognize what a benefit the multipolar global community use have, and it doesn't have that power anymore. whether that is a turning point that we are inevitably locked into mains a question, not only for the next election in the u.s., but beyond that, across europe as well. certainly, the trend for now has been correction. guy: if i am a ceo wondering whether or not i am going to invest in equipment, people, or whatever it is this year, what does the environment look like? i've got a 2020 election coming up. . i don't know what the trade deal looks like. we got to get it to phase two, and that could be pretty tricky. i've got politics too thick about as well. trade is turning out to be more difficult than i anticipated. how do i make a decision at t

nationstates want to know what is in the minds or in the devices of influential decision-makers in thebe it a presidential candidate, and member of congress, a state lawmaker who is relevant. so certainly, the ability to exploit this kind of vulnerability and do so presumably without the user actually having to even click on it. if that was the case here, it would be a very dangerous flaw to presumably execute in the election. taylor: marcus fowler and mehrotra, thank you both for joining. shares of intel jumping thursday and after trading. they gave full revenue forecasts suggesting personal computer demand remained strong and data center purchases are surging back. the company says sales in 2020 are forecasted to be $73.5 billion, beating estimates of about $72 billion. coming up, what facebook is doing to avoid making the same mistakes in the 2016 election. we will hear from the company's emea vice president next. if you like bloomberg news, check us out on the radio. you can listen on the bloomberg app, bloomberg.com and in the u.s. on sirius xm. this is bloomberg. ♪ taylor: facebo

it depends on if iran wants to become treated as a viable nationstate, they may need to start actingrrorist state. so it depends on exactly what the iranians are going to do. you earlier asked about the us response andi earlier asked about the us response and i talked about the number of troops that have been deployed, those are going over there for defensive purposes, but i would also suggest that we have got to stop equating strategy with a number of us boots on the ground. large numbers of troops in the region simply plays into iran's hands. the best way to deter iran now is to supplement the large number of us air forces supplement the large number of us airforces in the region by forward deploying six or seven fully armed and loaded stealth d2s to diego garcia, and the mullahs will get the message. thank you forjoining us, interesting to get your views on that. and within the past few hours iraqi television says there's been another air strike, this time targetting a convoy of vehicles belonging to an iranian—backed militia. it happened on the taji road north of baghdad. a param

we have so much of our political debates can be very insular and focused at the nationstate level. like viruses that can spread across borders very easily, like the climate crisis, which doesn't respect borders, we actually need cooperation internationally, and we can'tjust go cooperation internationally, and we can't just go into cooperation internationally, and we can'tjust go into our bunkers. it has to be recognising that it is about cooperating across these borders that we talk about so much. just to reiterate the statements, because we mentioned earlier on on air, these are the chief medical officer ‘s of england, scotland, wales and northern ireland. prudent for our government to escalate planning and education in case of a more widespread outbreak. for that reason we are advising an increase of the uk risk level from low to moderate. it doesn't mean we think the risk to individuals in the uk has changed at this stage but the government should plan for all eventualities. as the government has said it is likely there will be individual cases. and we are confident in the abili

is there such a thing as a nation and the nationstate? it is being viewed as bigotry if you argue that there is national borders and boundaries. very difficult to imagine we can continue as a political society if suchh a view is regarded as bigoted and racist. some point in the future we will nehave to have a frank and difficult discussion about what is a legitimate way to define who we are, who was that we will we think in political terms, versus in some ways what constitutes bigotry and what constitutes racism. >> i want to go back to bernie and howard beach new york. do you think that president trump has brought us to the edge of 250 years of years of liberal democracy? >> i do not know that donald trump himself has. i think it is more the conditions that led to a large number of our fellow countrymen unto vote for a man like donald trump. what they thought of as the american tradition. the american experiment. the american trajectory. that they believe a manhe only like donald trump could be the answer to the crisis and despair. i wou

the eu think that it's nationalism and the nationstate those forces have to be faced to be imperial projectyour sovereignty be run out of brussels or westminster and that is a nationalistic answer and shows how it's a broad phenomenon given that trump is obviously driving the debate. >> if he's driving the debate does that mean that the case for nationalism has to bear the burden? some of the things that are what you want to suggest or not nationalist if you get trump on the teleprompter and listen to some of the things he said. the best speech of the presidency and advanced the idea and it has been overrun by foreign occupying armies and partitioned over the years and subjected to the unspeakable horrors. it hasn't gone away because they are so polish and that is the essence. it might be between rousseau and trump and the suppress was occupied by russia stick to your traditions and culture. it is a deeply moving truth. once he gets off the teleprompter and is in the wild. it's something about the effect. it's above partisanship and to say that it's a unifying potential is an understatement

an anti-zionist if you're an anarchist that lives in berkeley or brooklyn and you think that no nationstatesat all have a right to exist, that's kind of a really nice loophole for about 3000 people that live in this country and yet somehow those people are never talking about erasing the border between india and pakistan or lebanon or iraq or syria or all the other nationstates across the middle east that were drawn by imperial europe powers. somehow they're only talking about erasing one of those states and they dress it up in really lovely language about nationalism and liberal democracy that is great in theory. but if you just look at the reality of the middle east , if you look at what is happening right now to the kurds without our support, if you look at what this has happened to the sore africans, frankly the christians who are experiencing a total exile from the middle east , there's not going to be christians in the middle east 10 years from now. that is a reality of minorities in the middle east because what happened to jamarcus so he and that saudi embassy at all of us were so dis

do these regimes, does iran as a country as a nationstate, do they have support in any other nation states there should this escalate into a significant all-out war? state thatthe other you would think of in the middle east that would provide support would be syria under the sun regime. militias were there in syria going back to 2013 helping prop up the sun regime. -- aside regime. thatll look for a role china or russia will play. i think that russia will seek as they try to do a power break or a dramatic role -- diplomatic role. we will try to make the united states the arbiter of the issues in the night -- middle east. they want to avoid an all-out escalation. i think china, because of the economic interest will try to de-escalate tensions. thattrength of iran is it's not just states they rely on, it's building up the capabilities reedit we say it militia but if you look at has lot, it's basically an army. infantry fighters on the ground and weaponry including cruise missiles, air defense systems, and we see similar capabilities with yemen. it is worth thinking about not only states that

significant threat we face today to emanate from the world of nonstate actors they come from old nationstate adversaries who have learned from the end of the 20th century toy understand the only way to defeat us is by using your regular or indirect means of attack. the assassination of general t14 fit into this quick. >> it was the shadow commander because he wasn't just a major general in the regular army and a normal battle it isn't the battleyb of the bulge or the first gulf war but use proxy forces on six continents including the us with the italian ambassador to wage irregular warfare the weaker power has developed a far more powerful adversary like united states no longer a superpower we are a hyperpower no one can come close to us in our conventional capacity we have 12 aircraft carriers we have more special forces than most countries have soldiers. so how is a nation as powerful as us to use proxies and terrorism and irregular warfare and t14 was the commander of that kind of warfare for the largest state-sponsored terrorism to date of the islamic republic of iran teeseven you also w

alyza: i think this is an example of the way nationstates can use cyber tools to exert influence, wherebe they are not going to use a conventional tool to silence washington post coverage of saudi arabia. that's not the kind of thing a conventional tool of statecraft can accomplish. this shows the way cyber has been increasingly used by states in recent years to try to exert influence in ways that were not previously possible. taylor: if we try to analyze security measures taken on by some technologies, how do companies like amazon, whatsapp try to protect themselves from this type of attack, for lack of a better word? alyza: i think really understanding what is in this digital forensic analysis, doing follow-up, seeing what needed to happen in order for this video to be sent to bezos by the account of the saudi crown prince and result in the hacking and surveillance, which is looking likely, of his phone. really understanding how this came about and implementing security measures that will prevent it from happening in the future will be key in the coming weeks and months. taylor: that

alyza: i think this is an example of the way nationstates can use cyber tools to exert influence, where maybe they are not going to use a conventional tool to silence washington post coverage of saudi arabia. that's not the kind of thing a conventional tool of statecraft can accomplish. this shows the way cyber has been increasingly used by states in recent years to try to exert influence in ways that were not previously possible. taylor: if we tried to analyze security measures taken on by some technologies, how do companies like amazon, whatsapp tried to protect themselves from this type of attack, for lack of a better word? kevin: i think really understanding what is in this digital forensic analysis, doing follow-up, seeing what needed to happen in order for this video to be sent to bezos by the account of the saudi crown prince and result in the hacking and surveillance, which is looking likely, of his phone. really understanding how this came about and implementing security measures that will prevent it from happening in the future will be key in the coming weeks and months. taylo

might be from liberalism in terms of critique of centralized power, and the public sector and the nationstate. it might be conservative in the terms of family. it might be a patriotic trickle family, the family is very important. church, the sacred speech of one of the things you emphasize the call him, a revolutionary christian and a christian bluesman. and i think it is obvious that he is a minister to us all. but in some ways, his activism can get lost in his faith walk. that seems to be part of what you are saying here. his faith walk was critical to his radicalism. talk a little bit about that. cornel west: this brother would never sell out. and the only sellout is when you are experiencing spiritual lockout. if you're willing to sell your soul, your recent conclusion that the grounds of your health could no longer be sustained at the spiritual level. and it's only about the goodies available in the time and space and i'm going to get as many as i can or as much status as i can. and he said the kingdom of god has become a brand. no. the black freedom has become a commercial. no. an adver

or anybody acting on behalf of a nationstate about influencing or interview on - - interfering with an election that is something the fbi would want to know about"and we would w like to make sure people tell us information promptly so we can take the appropriate steps to protect the americanat people. "a present toru remains in office what signal does that send to other countries intent on interfering with our elections in the future and what might we expectha from those countries and the president cracks. >> mr. chief justice and members of the senate, thank you for that question. first it was sent a terrible message to autocrats and dictators and enemies of democracy and the free world. for the president and his team for all to consume it is acceptable to solicit foreign interference in the free and fair elections. and then to cheat in the next election.i yesterday on the floor from the white house deputy council said any that has come from overseas is campaign interference. no. it is wrong. it is wrong in united states of america. and then someone that happens to be running for o

there's a reason the american people are part of the country that is the force in the system of nationstates. and it's of course because we abide by the laws and international law, we don't scale. kennedy: that is most clumsy moral equivalents. by the way i completely disagree with what the president tweeted in words on digital platform. i disagree with that notion. i don't know how much it betrayed his actual intent, but it's not the same thing as a person who is responsible for the death of thousands and thousands of civilians. but please know that there is a difference between damn thing the president says and soleimani actually helping to kill. >> i'm not disagreeing with you kennedy but we have a system of rules. >> and we abide by them. >> why is the iranian terror list leader soleimani operating in iraq? and the guy who is behind this guys also operating iraq is in a terrorist. kennedy: we have to wrap this up as we have so much more with the panel because they are bright. coming up libertarian leaning senator rand paul and mike lee's say they are furious over the rush to war. they sa

nationstates are confirmed, where compromises are built in a way which allows to take into account the national interest of everybody through the process, which is democratic through governments elected in each country and through the european parliament and the european commission. so, the system has been built from the beginning to answer your question in the european union. but as i said, sometimes it is not perceived this way by our citizens, and we always have questions about how it works. this is the reason why we gave the impression always -- we always look at what we are and we try to convince and, for instance, we very often have common exercises to reflect together on the future of europe. it is also very important. it is very important to show that we act together, we are efficient in acting together, making decisions, but we also together look towards the future. this is something to get to constructive compromises, which we do. but as the eu, it is a process which is really something unique. >> could we maybe turn a little bit to the transatlantic relationships? because i

in light of recent national event, i will begin from the threat emanating from certain nationstates, iran, china, and russia. each country has a different motivation and end goal, but all attempt to undermine our interest but all attempt to undermine our interest and international standing. let's start with iran. as i stated, there is no credible or specific threat to the homeland from iran, however, giving what we know about their capabilities and motivations, the department continues to operate with an enhanced posture. the threat is not new. summer 2019, the department began working on a contingency plan. we have been ready and we remain ready to initiate various protective measures immediately should the need arise. given these events, for the first time in history, we took the extra step of issuing a national terrorism advisory system bulletin, driven by a specific event, and it was the right decision. the nts bulletin was issued to both inform and reassure the american public, state and local governments, private sector stakeholders, that dhs was actively monitoring and prepari

sophisticated companies with valuations worth hundreds of millions of dollars doing business with nationstates doing -- willing to play millions for these tools. at the same time, you have the apps we use every day in the operating systems getting smarter about defending against attacks, which makes any vulnerabilities and the ability to hack into these vulnerabilities more valuable. hackers might save these exploits for a rainy day or when they have a valuable low hanging fruit target as was the case with mr. bezos. taylor: how do you see ai helping to enhance the defense? let's say i trust someone and i'm a human so i can't read the malicious form of communication. do you cai playing an important role there? marcus: absolutely. you hit on it in the beginning. we talked about the spike in activity after the download. it is that it -- is that anonymous -- anomaly detection that artificial intelligence can play an increasing role. we have seen it be successful at the corporate space, whether it is iot or industrial in these other areas. we have seen artificial intelligence being able to provide

ad that is that t iran is nationstate that pursues its own iinterests.any americans tend to think of , thatn ideological terms it is a revolutionary state. now, there is s a veneer of idideology.. there are these demonstrations in which people chanant "death o america." wiseems to me, we would be to take all of that with a grain of salt -- not to ignore it, but to not let that define our understanding of what you exexpt from iran. it would make far greateter sense to assume they were consumed with the security of their nation, the well-being of their people, and the survival of the r regime. we have for far too long, we, the united states, have for far too long tended to view this part of the world thrhrough a ls in which there are good guys and there are bad guys. and wewe find ourselves in a peculiar situation w wre the iranians are bad guys andnd the kingdom of saudi arabia ends up beining the good guys. this iss absurd. that manichaean perspective is one of the things that i think sustains the militarized approach to u.s. policy that we have been fol

are of them done in private, sometimes public messaging to have dialogue among governments and nationstates. one way is to appeal to humanitarian instincts. the point that in a sense we are making today is that this is not and thisly political is an issue of tens of millions of human beings who are andering from malnutrition complete of public health. as a result of those tens ofrian crisis, thousands, potentially hundreds of more refugees will arrive. to what extent do you believe aat this constitutes in political issue for you and finally, this is the former diplomat the speaking one has to try to understand what are the concerns of the government that is not participating at this point in time? while some may be fundamental and you will not be able to address those, but others might be a matter of language if we say it in a different way. if we add an element to whatever the decision is, would that be least -- yourg at government into some aspects of application of the rio treaty. this, ladies and gentlemen, is why we pay huge sums of money -- because i'mat now no longer receiving any of

of the conflicts and they are looking for a chance to reset and a disorder focus on more of the nationstate threats like russia, china and iran but that has been hard to do when you were involved in interventions that are of a lengthy duration in the middle east it is difficult. >> this might be the last one. >> you touched on this briefly. what is the relationship between the career service officers and these ambassadors and the political investors? >> they work for them when they are the ambassador. and usually, there's often this relationship where you know, some political appointee who is from a different line of work maybe he was in business or in politics sometimes a. a. [inaudible] hotel magnet, exactly. they go and they are the ambassador but the real brains of the embassy is the number two tells the ambassador what to do so it is often the relationship. but for the most part, they have to get along. it's kind of an unusual relationship that's the way that it's supposed to work. >> i would add taking your point there have been some terrific ambassadors who have political appointees

we built i hth gbe ccaidn't to me neasr.e nationst usbeyond risk...come to the neighborhood, guys. there is reward. ♪ ♪ beyond work and life... who else could he be? there is the moment. beyond technology... there is human ingenuity. ♪ ♪ every day, comcast business is helping businesses go beyond the expected, to do the extraordinary. take your business beyond. >>> all these candidates are my friends. i have known some of them for years. they're good people. but if you look at the structure of our campaign, our ability to mobilize people all over the country. our ability to raise funds from the grassroots not from the wealthy and the powerful, our ability to put together an agenda that reaches out and speaks to the working class of this country in a unique way. i think you'll conclude that our campaign is the strongest campaign to defeat trump. >> senator bernie sanders making his pitch in iowa yesterday. he's leading the iowa polls right now. we'll be joined now by one of the candidates trying to unseat him, amy klobuchar, senator from minnesota. tha

you the same thing and they are looking for a chance to reset the force and refocus on other more nationstate threats like russia, china and iran but that is hard to do when you are involved in interventions of lengthy duration in the middle east, it is difficult. >> this will be the last one. >> you touched on this briefly but what is the relationship between the career foreign service officers and these hack ambassadors, political ambassadors? >> they work for them when they are the ambassador and there is often this relationship where, you know, some political appointee from a different line of work, maybe he was in business or in politics sometimes -- excuse me? or hotel magnet. they go there, they are the ambassador but the real brain in the embassy is the number 2, tells the ambassador what to do. that is often the relationship but for the most part they have to get along. kind of an unusual relationship but that is the way it is supposed to work. >> i would add, taking your points there have been some terrific ambassadors who were political appointees as well. i think of caroline kenne

or anybody acting on behalf of of a nationstate about influencing or interfering with our election, then that is something that the fbi would want to know about. and we would like to make sure people tell us information promptly so that we can take the appropriate steps to protect the american people. if president trump remains in office what signal does that send to other countries intent on interfering with our elections in the future, and what might we expect from those countries and the president? >> mr. chief justice, distinguished members of the senate, thank you for that question. take the last part first. it would send a terrible message to autocrats and dictators and enemies of democracy in the free world. for the president and his team to essentially put out there for all to consume that it's acceptable in the united states to solicit foreign interference in our free and fair elections, or except political dirt, simply to try to cheat in the next election. i will certainly -- i was certainly shocked by the comments from the president deputy white house counsel yesterday wr

>> launch is something nationstates are not going to give up. so there's some set of worldwide launchers they can be commercial. there's a subset that people are going to in the country so they don't lose the ability to do it. at a think there's a finite amount of people who can survive in the commercial market and we are seeing great competition. we are in it. we are super proud of her partnership and the people that people get in the last 20 years it was annually get rockets to work overtime? there's a a company that is proven you can. if you could do it and get the price down the question becomes do you stimulate demand? i question goes to satellites first. the commercial satellite business has historically been a geo-based business, probably no one here needs a reminder that's been a tough business the last two years work order seven death and we're seeing a proliferation of non-geo-constellations and that will have implications for launch big and small. and moving away from broadcast to network provision is, we have to set the place up. som

in addition to what the state party calls the state delegate equivalent, which for them is the nationstatesaw-abidingly counts of how many people caucus for bernie sanders, how many caucus for amy klobuchar, so we will have two sets of numbers this year. host: with the release of those two sets of numbers, that is something that, admittedly, even here on c-span, we are wrestling with in terms of how we convey that information to the audience. if a candidate does not go well in that first go around but doesn't do well in the second go round, he or she can claim victory early on. would it be confusing in terms of the storyline coming out of iowa? guest: i think you are absolutely right, steve. there will be a lot of winners. most actualould be people, bodies will be able are, ,nd of course, as you all know expectations, so anybody who beats expectations is a winner, so we could have 5, 6 winners out of the caucuses. host: and one final question, because for a while, pete buttigieg was rising in polls based on the surveys. now senator bernie sanders is on top. his numbers in particular have fa

done in private consultation, sometimes public messaging, to have dialogue among governments and nationstates. to way is to appeal humanitarian instincts. the point that, in a sense, we this isng today is that not necessarily a political, ideological, or philosophical issue. this is an issue of tens of millions of human beings who are suffering from malnutrition, bordering upon starvation in places, and complete and utter lack of public health. is this not a route to reconsideration? as a result of those humanitarian -- that humanitarian crisis, tens of thousands, potentially hundreds of thousands more refugees will arrive in your countries themselves. to what extent do you believe this constitutes an internal political issue for you? is thend finally, this former diplomat in me speaking, one has to try to understand what are the concerns of the government that is not participating at this point in time. some of them may be fundamental, and you are simply not going to be able to address those. others may be matters of language if we say it in a different way. if we add an element to whatever

caller: absolutely, this is a nationstate.hose are like homegrown terrorists, this is a nationstate, this is a big deal for iran. i think the president should apologize. i don't think ramping up the like napoleon, i think you should apologize, roll it back, just stop with the heated rhetoric. these guys play the long game. this goes back to 1953, that is a long history here. i don't think he understands what he did. i am shocked. i am really just -- it is very disturbing. senator marco rubio yesterday was on cbs's faced the nation and asked about the reports of the imminent threats before the killing of general soleimani. [video clip] >> when you gather information, it is highly sensitive. it cannot be disclosed without putting in danger our sources and methods. here is the bottom line, if the president of the united states is presented with information that there is a imminent and credible threat that could cost the lives of not 100, potentially hundreds if not --usands of men and women the president has an obligation to act