she knew henry kissing who was the national security adviser for nixon. she even read sothing in the "chica tribune." i wder what she was reading the damn "chicago tribune." nobody does and wash -- nobody does in chicago. she was sweeping all of this in. i waseally stunned and later we described it as this capacity to manage mind on, hands off. intellectually involved but not telling us how to report or at it. at the end, she had the killer question. like a good ceo, which is when is the whole story goingo come out? when do we find out the whole truth? i said that we felt very strongly that the burglars were being paid, criminal conspiracy, they come are -- the compartmentalized information people were frightened, truly fearful to talk to us about this. my answer was never. she had this really awful to go probably never. >> i said never. she looked at me with a pained look on her face and said never? do not tell me never. i left lunch in motivated employees. [laughter] it was not a threat. it was a statement of purpose. what she said is used all of your r

the nixon administration -- the public outcry against nixon got him to resign. there is no more public outcry. the american people have become so blase. the corruption is so entrenched that the idiot from texas who apologized to bp -- that is how far it is. host: next, looking at what is going on in congress and some

the nixon re-election committee. so we went at looking at clues, building sources, getting specifics i think kind of the key was money. where did the money come from? who approved it? tell them about the -- we did in september, 197 , one of the most iiportant stories we did, i think, showing that john mitchell, who had been the attorney general for nixon, had been nixon's campaign manager, that he controlled this secret fund of at least $700,000 in cash that was kept in a safe. you have the same thing here at the school, don't you? $700,000. no accountability. >> the important thing to start with the premise is that we had this advantage of not being national political reporters. at the time there was a common belief among the national political reporters in washington that there was a so-called new nixon. and that there existed this perfect well oiled white house machinery that was really kind of incapable of mistakes. and here was this break-in that logic, particularly after we had found the money, we had traced so

our sources and watergate were not democrats opposed to richard nixon.on and for most part believed him. if you afford people a certain respect. common sense goes a long way in being a reporter. figure out who the right people are to see. go see them and listen to them. next question. >> in one of my classes on campus, we were discussing the to review and how the white house press corps had a deep- seated hatred for you because you broke the grid is story ever of the presidency of today. my question is how you rate currently the white house press corps? but the informing the voters or is it to scripted? >> it is a really hard job. carl has made this point. back during watergate, they had this apparatus to keep us from talking to people and to defend, it is even a better and more professional group of pr people, spin doctors, who are there. you have to penetrate that. i think covering the white house daily is a job and they have already and then to find a way to get behind the scenes -- behind-the-scenes is difficult for the course it is not just the whit

on nixon's short list was a childhood friend of warren burger, harry blackmun.the chief eagerly endorsed and advocated him. just before the court began its october, 1971, term, nixon faced two openings when hugo black and john marshall, suffering -pillnesses, retired. chief justice warren burger expressed concern over the cases with only seven justicesg- instead of nine. the chief grew anxious when he discovered the administration had submitted the following names for evaluation it -- herschel friday, mildred -- and robert byrd of west virginia. although it was the first serious consideration of a female candidate, nixon told his attorney general that women should not serve in government because they were erratic and emotional. thank god we do not have any in the cabinet, he exclaimed. riday and lilly fell from obscurity. chief justice warren burger fired off a confidential letter to the attorney general repeating a previous recommendation that distinguished attorney of lewis powell should be the next nominee. the 64-year-old had asked his consideration. he was

our sources and watergate were not democrats opposed to richard nixon. were people who worked for nixon and for most part believed him. if you afford people a certain respect. common sense goes a long way in being a reporter. figure out who the right people are to see. go see them and listen to them. next question. >> in one of my classes on campus, we were discussing the to review and how the white house press corps had a deep- seated hatred for you because you broke the grid is story ever of the presidency of today. my question is how you rate currently the white house press corps? but the informing the voters or is it to scripted? >> it is a really hard job. carl has made this point. back ding watergate, they had this apparatus to keep us from talking to people and to defend, it is even a better and more professional group of pr people, spin doctors, who are there. you have to penetrate tt. ihink covering the white house daily is a job andhey have already and then to find a way to get behind the scenes -- behind-the-scenes is difficult for the course

just before the court began in october, 1971, nixon faced two openings. they were sufferinggterminal illnesses. chief justice burger expressed concern over the spot course the minister membership. deciding cases with six justices instead of nine was problematic. three names were submitted. herschhl friday, a california court of appeals judge, and senator robert byrd of west virginia. nixon had told his attorney general that women should not serve in government because they were erratic and emotional. thank god we do not have any in the cabinet, he exclaimed. friday and will lead fell into a security -- secured -- of security. chief justice burger fired off a personal and confidential letter to attorney general mitchell repeating his previous recommendation -- recommendation. the 19 -- the 64-year-old virginia gentleman had already asked that his name be removed from consideration. he was of no more interested in the position in 1971. even after president nixon called him and told him it was his duty, the ever conscious of lawyer said that he would reconsi

nixon and he is seated in the back row.i never really understood why the picture was taken, but it is quite a unique picture. >he is seated in the back area f the senate. no, he is not. he is seated in his chair, the vice-president chair. the chamber is empty. one guy is here, a tourist. there is a doorkeeper of the here. and the president -- the vice president is sitting there in his chair and he is looking back to someone who has a camera. >> do you have a favorite part of this story? >> there are so many favorite stories in that book. >> a favorite senator in this history? >> i have several favorite senators. webster calhoun clay was a student of history. senator russell, i will have a chapter on him in the next volume. and senator and vice president karen burmaaron burr, i will haa chapter on him. >> i am looking at the compromise of 1850. i will get to that in just a second. there is a photograph in your of daniel webster. the you know when photographs were first taken of senators? >> i do not remember. >> talk about d

common belief among the national political reporters in washington that there was it so called new nixond that there existed this perfect,ell oiled white house machinery that was really incapable o mistakes. here was this eak-in that logic, particularly after we had found the money, we had trad some of the money to the committee for the reelection of president nixon, logic would te you this has something to do with the white house. get the conventionalelief, including among our fellow reporters, both at the "washington post" and the national staff and the town and general, there were about 2500 naonal reporterst that time -- >> manyeople called it the watergate caper. like it was kind of a joke. >> it made no sense at first. george mcgovern was going to be the democratic nominee for president. there were certain extent would beat him. why would any campaign chicanery go on. in september, we were able to establis that the president's campaign manager and former attorney general of the united states hadontrolle the secret fund, paid for the bog at watergate and other underver activities ag

nixon's statement. let's get to substantive matters. we seem to be in a recovery from the great recession we have gone through, fragile but it may be. hull convinced are you that that recovery will continue at a reasonable pace? do you see troubling signs we may indeed slip back into a double dip recession? >> we have gone through a number of stages. we have a tremendous contraction, a deep contraction, after the financial crisis intensified in 2008 and early 2009. the stabilized in the middle of last. last the natural business cycle process began to read -- on wide itself heading toward recovery. the recovery probably began late last summer and we have been expanding, this is the fourth quarter of expansion that we have had. at first, the expansion was caught primarily by firms building up or at least accumulating -- not accumulating their inventories as quickly and by the fiscal programs. those are our official sources. the real question we were facing was -- come the beginning of 2010, with the recovery get its own legs? would the pr

now the laird case involved the nixon administration surveillance of americans. as the justice department's legal expert, when he's working with the justice department for the nixon administration, he testified before congress about that case. but then after his confirmation, he was probably five justice majority in the very case in which he had testified. and he voted to dismiss the complaint alleging unlawful surveillance of lawful citizens' political activity. now our supreme court justices have to make up their own mind back and forth with justice scalia about some things in his relationship with the former vice president and ruling on cases involving him. i regularly ask questions of nominees, not just for the supreme court, but further courts about potential recusals. now, senator sessions and i sent you a questionnaire and in that we had the question recusal. and you answered it, appears to me, very seriously. tell me about what -- what principles are you going to use to make recusal decisions if you can do just briefly. but then tell us some of the cases

nixon. mr. ford, did that. but a specific, gigantic, legislation piece. >> larry: all right, guys.. >> that was never done. >> larry: thanks. thanks. hold it, please. thanks to everyone for a spritely session. someone is going to die in a couple hours in utah. condemned man is hours away from being executed by a firing squad no less. the supreme court has denied his stay of execution and we are going to go to utah live for latest next. know it all shared it with single and loving it! who made a cup the next morning for ladies man as he was rushing out the back door. he shared it with blondes have more fun and fiery redhead, who, after finding out about each other, shared starbucks via with their new boyfriends, firemen keep it hot and drummers rock, who called his friend know it all, who said he already knew about it. premium starbucks via ready brew. now available wherever you buy groceries. ♪ i had a heart problem. i was told to begin my aspirin regimen. i just didn't listen until i awoke with pains in my chest. i almost lost my life. my doctor's again ordered me to take aspirin.

you write that the field is larger than 1976, years after the watergate scandal took down president nixon the year the gop took control of congress for the first time in four decades. he said the next largest field was in 1992 when bill cnton, george h. w. bush and ross perot battle for the white hse. stronger numbers now? guest: we thought it was interesting, particularly the 1994 election. you thought there would have been a surge then. but there was not. but there was not. the next highest total was in 1992, when you had that memorable presidential race between clinton and george stage h. bush and ross perot. the record 100 candidates that year. -- there were 2100 candidates that year. host: tell us about what you are watching. with the runoff and arkansas, battles and nevada, california. guest: therere 12 states with primaries. it should give another indication of just where the electorate is, just how angry voters are. there are two races were incumbents seem to be on the ropes. in arkansas, blanche lincoln, a two-term democratic senator is being challenged from the left by the lieut

nixon. mr. ford, did that. but a specific, gigantic, legislation piece. >> larry: all right, guys. right. >> that was never done. >> larry: thanks. thanks. hoiltd, please. thanks to everyone for a spritely session. someone is going to die in a couple hours in utah. condemned man is hours away from being executed by a firing squad no less. the supreme court has denied his stay of execution and we are going to go to utah live for latest next. now snapple's got healthy green tea, tasty black tea, real sugar, what's our slogan? bester stuff! - stuffy stuff! - good stuff for bettering stuff! guys? the best stuff on earth just got better. - good stuff, craig. - we're dating. [ announcer ] snapple. the best stuff on earth just got better. ♪ ♪ do u gonna be there? ♪ are u sure u gonna call back? ♪ ♪ when am calling up and all that? ♪ ♪ ♪ can't u hear i'm sick? ♪ i'm lovesick ♪ can't u hear it explode? ♪ all down, all down >> larry: the scheduled execution by firing squad of convicted murderer ronnie lee gardner is just hours away. right after midnight, utah time, five marksmen will point t

the nixon administration -- the public outcry against nixon got him to resign. there is no more public outcry. the american people have become so blase. the corruption is so entrenched that the idiot from texas who apologized to bp -- that is how far it is. host: next, looking at what is going on in congress and some elections happening around the country. we will be joined by bob cusack from "the hill." >> if you cannot make up your mind based on what you have read, what you have heard, on your impressions and answers, then you do not deserve to be on the committee. >> take a look back at her speeches. and what senators say about this confirmation hearing. the video library available on line with every program since 1987. "washington journal" continues. host: thanks for joining us, bob cusack. guest: good morning. host: talking about the race is happening around the country, runoffs, contests, give us a preview. guest: another incumbent in congress from south carolina is in trouble. it looks like he will lose. he is down in the polls against the tea party favor

in 1969, a week after his inauguration, president nixon faced an oil spill off the coast of california near santa barbara that ultimately led to the creation of the environmental protection agency . 20 years later, george herbert walker bush faced the exxon "valdez" crisis in which his response was widely condemned as late and lame and that also led him to pursue regulatory reforms as well. so this is not new by any means. >> michael gerson, you were working for george w. bush when he had to deliver these big kind of oval office speech moments. how did last night compare? how does the entire handling of this compare? >> well, i was a little bit concerned about last night. using the oval office as a setting as a high-rofile setting that spotlights the presidenciy. in the past you had john kennedy announcing a quarantine of cuba. and last night, the president seemed much more passive, much more input-oriented, he announced a czar. he announced a commission. when i was -- you know in the white house, we viewed these things as fairly weak policy inputs. you always want to push back, do som

he was appointed to the seventh circuit by richard nixon. he was elevated to the supreme court by gerald ford. by all accounts, he was considered a moderate. and yet, he didn't hesitate to tell corporations that they aren't a part of we the people by whom and for whom our constitution was established. and he didn't flinch when he told the president that he executives is bound to comply with the rule of law. general kagan, you've got big, big shoes to fill. but before i turn it over to you, i want to talk a bit more about one of the decisions i mentioned. i want to talk more about citizens united. now, you've heard a lot about this decision already today. but il want to come at it from a slightly different angle. there is no doubt that the roberts court's disregard for a century of federal law, the decades of supreme court's own rulings is wrong and shocking. it's torn a gaping hole in our election laws. of course, i'm worried about how rizs united is going to change our elections. but i'm more worried about how you this decision is going to

nixon through his past, we have seen that he is at least more anti- communist than the last administration. >> i was a young american for freedom. we were always working in+ ccordination with the college republicans, but they weren't idaho logically conserrativee enough for us. until jack abramoff became involved. then they became ideologically conservative. >> abramoff is a little older than i am, but i was a college republican in the early 1980's. when the college republicans took that sharp turn to the right, that's the same direction i was going in. a lot of the same heroes. i thought ronald reagan was the greatest man who ever lived. >> in this present crisis, government is not the solution to our problem. government is the problem. >> where do you find things like that clip of karl rove or dan rohrabacher? >> oh, man, we just dig and dig+ and dig. about my job. the fun things%- you start looking and you start believing that stuff is out there that hasn't been seen before and you usually find something. >> how do you find it? if i were sitting in your shoes, who would you call to find

he seemed to indicate that obama could become a president who have a work that consumed johnson, nixon, and bush. guest: his reliance on a bleak -- basically republican mechanisms, you have the vice of the economy and the war, which -pare related to squandering ths money. many people are brought into the military because they cannot find jobs. we are in that situation, and denial does not help us at all. that is why the leadership has to come -- not from congress right now. has to come from the base. we have to organize and raise help to stop this war. host: john says norm is one of the fewwgenuine progress cents. he is a commie hiding behind a fake name. guest: i thought that was kind of an anachronism. i did visit the hill as a teenager. host: reed is joining us on the democrats' line. caller: mr. solomon, i have been a really good example of somebody who is a cross between zero working democrat and liberal democrat. this is feeding into the terrible bashing that president obama is getting as a communist. you are absolutely losing poderates for the democratic party. you are example o

nixon administration official. association justice and elevateed by president reagan to be chief justice in 1986. in terms of her - the military recruiting issue at harvard law school. we'll indeed hear a lot about that this week. she'll be asked to explain what happened. it's true the legal professional in law schooled had a non-discriminatory policy they required all to accept to use career services facilities. military under don't ask, don't tell law could not comply so the question was, was a federal law requiring that military recruiters get equal access to other employers being complied with? and if it wasn't was the law itself constitutionle. elena kagan was quite opposed and called that law a moral in justice of the first order and expressed her and the schools in legal professions opposition to that form of legal discrimination. whether it was legitimate disagreement or cross the line as a matter of opinion. believe it crossed the line for some. democrats say did it not only cross the line, but his t histo

chief justice rhenquister is informed president nixon's office of legal counsel. justice thomas served in a republican department of education and the eeoc before his appointment. and like general kagan, 38 justices never served as judges before serving on the high court. fully a third of all justices who have served. what general kagan does bring to the table is unprecedented, practical experience. at harvard she manaed to -- ran the equivalent of a large business a budget of 160 million, 500 employees. she had a master into relations with thousands of students and hundreds of faculty, all of whom came from diverse backgrounds and viewpoints. general kagan is simply a terrific antidote to the lack of practical real-rld understanding of the court. she is brilliant. she is thoughtful someone to the supreme court and that person will affect 300 million americans, but only 100 of us get to vote. that process will begin now. solicitor general, police please stand and raise your right hand. do you solemnly swear that the testimony you are about to give in this matter s

been with us for 40 or 50 years that this is america and the americas some kind of cross between nixon'ssilent majority and the sleepy little town of bedford falls. homespun folks' circa 1938. they just did not have any idea of what was reaaly happening. when they see these sorts of people, they become convinced speaking. is our real america for the first time, we may beginning to see a breakdown of this breakdown of small-town america that they have undermined may not be as benign a silent majority as they thought. the small to be -- town america that they had in their mind may not be as benign a silent majority as they thought. they see themselves as being reflections of that real america. it's very difficult to get across your dealing with an extremist faction in american politics, led by some very wealthy and powerful people. >> i think it is worth noting that the tea party party movement is the first grass- roots, successful grassroots mobilization by the right as i understand it cents a protest overrthe supreme court ruling on a row vs. wade in 1973 which is a serious development.

chief justice rhenquister is informed president nixon's office of legal counsel. justice thomas served in a republican department of education and the eeoc before his appointment. and like general kagan, 38 justices never served as judges before serving o t high court. fully a third of all justices who have served. what general kagan does bring to the table is unprecedented, practical experience. at harvard she managed to -- ran the equivalent of a large business a budget of 160 million, 500 employees. she had a master into relations with thousands of students and hundreds of faculty, all of whom came from diverse backgrounds and viewpoints. general kagan is simply a terrific antidote to the lack of practical reaworld understanding of th court. she is brilliant. she is thoughtful and i think she is straight out of central casting for this job. i look forward to hearing more from you, solicitor, this week. >> thank you very much. senator cornyn? >> thank you, mr. chrman. solicitor general kagan, welcome to these hearings a and congratulations to us and your family

when president nixon was president in 1973, he uttered two words, "energy independence."at, we were importing 1/3 of our oil. eight presidents later and 18 congresses later, all of poem have run for elected office on energy independence, we are now importing 2/3 of our oil. 80% of the continental shelf is off-limits for drilling. shallow water drilling is so much less risky than deepwater drilling that i think if we want energy security and to protect our national security and produce our own domestic resources and create hundreds -- millions of more jobs, frankly, exploiting our own natural resources and developing our own economy, we can do that, but it means you would see oil rigs from the beach. you can still swim because oil rigs, all the texas beaches, alabama and florida beaches, were open for business as we were drilling. until this horrible accident took place host: as far as the energy bill, how much do think this incident will affect of this? guest: i guess -- i think this will affect a lot for there's a strong aversion to more drilling. there is a desire to pu

and respect richard nixon immensely. voted for al gore over bush but then voted for bush over john kerry. i appreciate moderates like blanche lincoln. i think she is presidential. i ever cuccinelli and from the cincinnati area. we haven't conversely done an outstanding job. the hamilton county senator is dusty rhodes. i am a very independent and i look at their character. i did not care what the race or religion or sex. when i see as sleazy campaign like a gubernatorial campaign with their present governor strickland attacking cases, i'd vote against that. >> thank you. brian sandoval getting 56% over given to is mired in his own personal scandal. c-span is the only place where you concede the speeches in their entirety. we are awaiting word from other candidates declaring victory. more of your phone calls and reaction to these primaries. 12 states holding elections. calling from california, could morning. -- good evening. >> i think jerry brown sounds like it better candidate. and i did not like her speech today. i thou

patient with me, a fend of mine who was a navy scientist in deep smergence assigned by the nixon administrationelp resolve the il spill in santa barbara in 196 they basically utilized seenage tent models for emerge incident -- you trol ust to rapid con the spillage. one ing he mentioned was that the vy doehave seetary of salvage, which was utilized only during problems like finding nuclear weapons underwar, but because submergence technollgy, they should have had a larger hand in understandi exactly sething of ve , eecially with tripleoint problems. said that they basically to look very carefully a having a much stronger tool chest, and the navy's deep e and secretary of salvage already have tools on the shel for these kind h oblems because they deal wit all the te. guest: again, our 3:00 conference call, which i've been fairly safe about bng on, where no m.m.s. and coast , the specic re question w aed regarding d.o., or department o apabilities. those were considered. the traditional submari is not rated to go 800 feet below a level, and so -- and this ,000 feet. so they do need remotely opera

. >> that matches richard nixon's statement. [laughter] let's get down to substantive matters. seem to be in a recovery from the great recession we have gone through, fragile but it may be. how convinced argued that that recovery will continue at a reasonable pace? do you see troubling signs that we may indeed slip back into a double dip recession? >> we have come to a number of stages. we had a tremendous contraption -- contraction. things stabilized in the middle of last year. than the natural business cycle process began to unwind itself, adding to a recovery. i think the recovery probably began sometime late last summer. we have been expanding and this is the fourth quarter of expansion that we have had. at first, the expansion was caused primarily by firms not accumulating their inventory as quickly after having built up a large amount of inventory during the downturn and by the fiscal program. those are sort of artificial sources. the real question that we were facing was -- come the beginning of 2010, would the recovery get its own legs? would private sector demand take

which have happened during the administrations of president eisenhower and kennedy and johnson and nixonnd carter and president george h.w. bush and ronaldeagan before president bush and president george w. bush, president clinton and now president obama and one of the distinctions that he made early on was the fact that in the senate we serve with presidents. we do not serve under presidents. i think that was a calng card by senator byrd as a constitutionalist on the separation of power. and he was a fierce fighter for that separation of power. and when the le-item veto was passed, he took uphe battle to have it declared unconstitutional as an encroachment on article 1 powers in the united states congress on appropriations. and the bills which we present to the president have a great many provisions, and senator byrd was looking upon the factor of a president perhaps taking some provision he didn't like too well in order to take the whole bill. and i'm sure that on senator byrd's mind was the largess which came to the state of west virginia. the and that part of our federal system, part

president nixon signed a proclamation in 192 permanently observing father's day as the third sunday in june. support of father's -- %% supportive fathers play a significant and influennial role in their child development. children with loving fathers generally have healthier self-esteems, better peer relationships, more social behavior and an enjoyment of learning new skills. a positive environment at home also helps children thrive academically and get involved in extracurricular activities. by commending the hard work and dedication of fathers during the centennial celebration father's day we encourage responsible fatherhood and happy, successful, and stronger families and communities. i want to thank representative mcmorris rodgers for bringing this resolution to the floor and urge my colleagues to pass this resolution. i reserve the balance of my time. the speaker pro tempore: the gentleman reserves his time. the gentlelady from washington. mrs. mcmorris rodgers: thank you, mr. speaker. i yield myself such time as i may consume. the speaker pro tempore: the gentlelady is recognized

. >> richard nixon said all right. let's get down the substantive matters.e came to recover from the great recession we have gone through, fragile though it may be. how convinced argue that that recovery will continue at a reasonable pace? or do you see troubling signs that we may slip back into a double-dip recession? >> we've gone to a number of stages. we had a tremendous contraction after the financial crisis intensified in 2008 and early 2009. things stabilized in the middle of last year. and then the process began to remind itself for a recovery. i think the recovery probably begin sometime last summer, and we have been expanding -- the fourth quarter of expansion that we have had. the first expansion was caused primarily by firms building up or at least not losing inventory quite as quickly after having built up inventories, and by fiscal programs. those are artificial sources. the real question that we were facing was, come the beginning of 2010, with the recovery get its own legs? with the private sector demand takeover for inventories and governmen

brentwood was a nixon invention.xploited even more by ronald reagan when he tried to stop the american economy from being taken over by foreigners. one-third of the economy was given to the japanese because of their incompetence. tax-cut exacerbated things. i know you did not go the harvard and you have no idea about how the economy works, but i will tell you what will happen. americans will get to a situation where the currency will be so worthless is that the only way that america can be saved is by destroying capitalism. you had better get it together soon and stop acting like a bunch of schoolgirls. guest: i stand by everything i have said of the program. host of pensacola, florida. -- host: pensacola, florida. caller: i keep hearing you talking about the tripling of the budget under obama over 10 years, but bush and reagan also tripled the national debt. every time you get into office you do the exact same thing. how does that make it anything but hypocrisy? guest: number one, the president himself cannot spend

patient with me, a friend of mine who was a navy scientist in deep submergence who was assigned by the nixon help resolve the oil spill in santa barbara in 1969, they basically utilized seenage tent models for emerge incident -- you know, just to rapidly control the spillage. one thing he mentioned was that the navy does have the secretary of salvage, which was utilized not only during problems like finding nuclear weapons underwater, but because of deep submergence technollgy, of deep submergence technollgy, they should have had a larger hand in understanding exactly how to resolve something of this depth, especially with triple point problems. he said that they basically need to look very carefully at having a much stronger tool chest, and the navy's deep submergence and secretary of salvage already have tools on the shelf for these kind of problems because they deal with oil spills all the time. guest: again, our 3:00 conference call, which i've been fairly safe about being on, where no m.m.s. and coast guard are there, the specific question was asked regarding d.o.d., or department of de

you write that the field is larger than 1976, years after the watergate scandal took down president nixonnd the year the gop took control of congress for the first time in four decades. he said the next largest field was in 1992 when bill clinton, george h. w. bush and ross perot battle for the white house. stronger numbers now? guest: we thought it was interesting, particularly the 1994 election. you thought there would have been a surge then. but there was not. but there was not. the next highest total was in 1992, when you had that memorable presidential race between clinton and george stage h.w. bush and ross perot. the record 100 candidates that year. -- there were 2100 candidates that year. host: tell us about what you are watching. with the runoff and arkansas, battles and nevada, california. guest: there are 12 states with primaries. it should give another indication of just where the electorate is, just how angry voters are. there are two races were incumbents seem to be on the ropes. in arkansas, blanche lincoln, a two-term democratic senator is being challenged from the left by

president nixon talked about drugs being public enemy number one. right now we have a gulf oil spill, afghanistan, the economy, jobs issues, etc. but when i spoke with the president and i think about the southwest border, domestic relations, health care costs, law enforcement -- all those things have a drug nexus, and our foreign relations with colombia, mexico, russia. host: how does u.s. drug use, both legal and illegal drugs, compare with some of our biggest partners? guest: well, because we are such a large nation, so many people, we have the largest number of consumers. because our economy is still fairly strong in many ways, we do use far too many drugs. secretary clinton has mentioned this a couple of times. as i understand from the most recent reports, we are no longer the number one per capita consumer nation, but just given our size, we use too many drugs. reducing our own demand was certainly help us and it would help a lot of other countries. host: you mentioned the nexus between the drug issue and national security. i wanted to show you

president ford was sworn in as the 38th president of the united states on the day that former president nixon resigned. he was born in pennsylvania on august 4, 1927. he went on to attend the university of michigan where he saved an m.a. in 1951 and a ph.d. in 1957. he was a lifelong supporter of the university of michigan sports and took considerable pride in the success of that great school. after his time in politics, he served as director of public affairs for u.s. steel corporation from 1977 to 1980. from 1981 to 1987, he was the director of programs and seminars for the american enterprise institute. after his retirement in 1992, he worked on a number of fill an tropic pro -- fill tropic projects. he died in his sleep on saturday, june 19, two days after celebrating his 60th anniversary. his wife, wilma, survives him. he's survived, also, by his brother, gordon eche, his sister, emily of big fort, montana, son tom and his wife, charlene, and by grandsons and numerous nieces and nephews. we all remember him as a kind man who loved to tell stories and he cherished lifelong friendships. hi

patient with me, arid of mine who was a navy scientist in deep submergence assigned by the nixon administrationhelp resolve thoil spill inanta barbara in 19, they basically utilized seenage tent models for emge incident -- you trol just to rapidly con the spillage. one ing he mentioned was that the vy does have secrary of salvage, which was utilized not only duri oblemsike finding nuclear weapons underwater, butecause submergence technollgy, they should have had a larger hand in understanding exactly something o , especially with trip pointroblems. he said that they basally to look very careful at havg a much stronger tool chest, and the navy's deep e and secretary of salvage already have too on the shelf for these kd h oblems becausehey deal wit all the time. gues again,ur 3:00 conference call,hich i've been fairlsafe about being on, where no m.m.s. and coast the specific e question was asked regarding d.o.d., or department of capabilities. those were considered. th traditional submarine is not rated to go 800 fee below a level, and so -- and this ,000 feet. so they do need remotely operated v

when president nixon was president in 1973, he utted two words, "energy independence."efore that, we were importing 1/3 of our oil. eight presents later and 18 congresses later, allf poem have run for elected office on energy independence, we are now importing 2/3 of our oil. 80% of the cntinental shelf is off-limits for drilling. shallow water drilling is so chess risky tan deeater drilling that i think if we want energyecurity and to ptect our national security and produce our own domestic resources and create hundreds -- millions of more jobs, frankly, exploiting our own natural resources and developing our own econo, we can do that, but it means you would see oil rigs from the beach. you can still swim because oil rigs, all the texas beaches, >> tomorrow, on "washington journal", a discussion on the gulf drilling. also, the prospect of several cities defaulting on their debt. the government's senior director of the audubon society. "washington journal" is live at 7:00 a.m. o'clock eastern here, on c-span. now, a look at a beach in grand isle, louisiana where you can

as the secretary of defense for president nixon and ford and secretary of energy for president carter declared recently in his congressional testimony, if it is obligatory that the united states to ratify. why do so many people who have studied this issue over so many years coming from opposite ends of the political spectrum agree so strongly? well, today i would like to discuss briefly what the new start treaty is and also what it is not. this is a treaty that if ratified will provide stability, transparency, and predictability for the two countries with more than 90% of the world's nuclear weapons. it is a treaty that will reduce the permissible number of russian and u.s.-deployed strategic warheads to 1550, a level not seen since the 1950's. in addition, each country will be limited to 700 deployed strategic delivery vehicles and 800 deployed and non-deployed strategic missile launchers and heavy bombers. these limits will help the united states and russia bring our deployed strategic arsenals, which were sized for the cold war, to levels that are more appropriate for today's threa