the risk of a nuclear accident or the use of a nuclear weapon is low, but should a nuclear weapon be used again in the world it would have devastating physical, financial and medical impact. there's generally three categories of threats we worry about. the national security strategy of the united states says that the greatest threat the united states itself faces today is from nuclear weapons. specifically, the risk that a terrorist group might get a nuclear weapon and use it on a u.s. city. a nuclear 9/11. there's also the risk of new states acquiring these weapons, perhaps states of less restraint on use of these weapons and might use them in a regional conflict or to threaten the united states. in this case we often think of iran, which does not yet have a nuclear weapon but is building the technological capability to develop a weapon, and north korea which just in the past 10 years has conducted three nuclear tests and is on the verge of consolidating the nuclear weapons state. for this reason the national street strategy says this has got to be our top rudy. i have to admit the

nuclear 9/11. also new states to acquire the weapons may be will not use restraint to use limited regional conflict or to spread and the united states. we often think of firebrand it is building the technological capability should they decide to do so and north korea that in the past 10 years has conducted three nuclear test and is on the verge. for this reason the national security strategy said this has to be our top priority and i have to mitt the policies of the united states have not matched. the united states itself does not focus that much attention on these threats. the president of united states tried to change that when he came into office. president obamacare into office having worked in the senate on nuclear policy. one of the first things he did was speak doubt choose senator lugar and asked him to take him along when he went to the former states of the soviet union to watch our government programs were hoping to control, the contained, you eliminate the threat of them left over nuclea

war, but also nuclear power. it's a very, very interesting subject but one about which most doctors are fairly ignorant. i would suggest, though, that all doctors obtain a copy from the new york academy of sciences on chernobyl that was published last year, and there they translated 5,000 articles from slavic, from russian, into english that were published in the russian medical and scientific literature. over a million people now have already died as a result of chernobyl-- it's only 25 years old. over a million, and that has been covered up by the blasted u.n., by the international atomic energy agency--how dare they-- and the world health organization. this is the biggest cover-up in the history of medicine. i have never read anything like this in my life, and i've been a doctor since i was 23. >> the nuclear regulatory commission has asked the national academy of sciences to do some research on incidents of cancer in the vicinity of nuclear plants all over the united states. is that going to be a helpful stud

we can't have another nuclear accident. i came to believe that the only way to keep that from happening is to get rid of nuclear energy itself. >> reporter: after leaving office, khan made it his mission to rid the country of nuclear energy. other ministers have since joined him. the political movement he helped build have forced all of japan's 50 reactors off line. but that success has come with a price. the sudden shock of losing nuclear power has driven up electricity prices in japan. emissions have spiked and japan has a trade deficit for the first time in decades due to massive importation of fossil fuels. japan has mounted a drive to bring the nuclear plants back on. prime minister abe is aggressively promoting nuclear energy abroad. he has recently signed an agreement to sell reactors to the middle east. major manufacturers like hitachi are vying for a share of the trillion dollar international market and the 370 reactors that are expected to be built by 2070. >> i would think it's our responsibility to respond to th

nuclear power plants are aging. built to last 40 years, more than half are at least 30 years old. >> if we're going to have nuclear power, then we believe it has to be as safe and secure as possible. and we've been long concerned that neither in the united states or other countries is the regulatory infrastructure adequate to make sure nuclear plants are safe. >> i think that there is reasonable assurance that we're never going to have a catastrophic accident of the magnitude of what happened in japan. >> but that doesn't mean it couldn't happen. >> you know, it can be the black swan event: low probability of occurrence but high impact. >> today, 6 million americans live within 10 miles of a nuclear plant and 120 million live within 50 miles. but nobody can buy private insurance against damage to their property because of a radiation leak or other consequences of a nuclear accident. [majestic music playing] the nuclear industry was born in the 1950s when the u.s. government was determined to promote the civilian use

"nuclear nation" talking about nuclear refugees, the nuclear refugees of futaba.e are joined by the former mayor who made a decision on his own right after the earthquake to move his entire town to evacuated, to tokyo. think deeply concerned about the levels of radiation and feeling the government was lying to them about the dangers in the area. this was the mayor, katsutaka idogawa, who was fiercely for nuclear power, was proud to be ine to get two more reactors his town, to build the economy, to get tens of billions of dollars and then turned around after the meltdown after the earthquake, tsunami, and the ultimate meltdown of three of the six existing reactors. mayor, right now you are not the only one who turned around in office. khan, the prime minister, is now also speaking out all over the world against nuclear power. but just this week as we flew into japan, the government appear minister abe, the most conservative government since world war ii, announced it wants to build more reactors in japan. how are you organizing? what are you doing now. >> without b

the nuclear lobby is very powerful.heir winning the game for now. >> the country is becoming increasingly anti-nuclear, but the prime minister is pushing it. show theatistics majority of the people in japan still, despite the last three years of sort of the pro-nuclear propaganda, are still against starting these reactors. >> let's talk about the homeless workers. let's turn to one right now. this is a 57-year-old homeless man. we are an easy target for recruiters. they turn up here with our bags, grilling them around the station and we are easy to spot -- we turn up your with our backs, wheeling them around the station and we're easy to spot. then they asked were looking for work or if we're hungry. then they offer to find is a job. >> can you talk about this, david mcneill, homeless people being recruited to clean the meltdown plant and what this means, how threatened their health is? >> well, the company that runs in operation tepco has struggled since this disaster began to find people who can help clean it up. ther

they want to restart the reactors, export nuclear technology, and put a list on the fukushima nuclear disaster. the current administration is learning the wrong lesson from the tragedy. until 311, i felt the same way. since realizing my way of thinking has been wrong, i no longer feel we should sell nuclear nudger. either domestically or internationally. >> he is confident that now is the time to transition to renewables. japan can supply sufficient energy without nuclear power. over laugh of japanese citizens are demanding that, whether that will be crushed will be decided in the next one or two years. who is likely to win with that battle? >> i believe in a not so distance future, japan will stop using nuclear power, i believe that to be true. >> con a lawmaker again having returned to the diet -- he wants to pass a bill promoting renewables and he has questioned whether private companies should run ale toic plants. when you speak to him, you get the sense that he is deeply effected by the enormity of the crisis he and his nation faced and that he is haunted by the specter of anothe

but also current nuclear. and so from the regulator standpoint. altogether we don't control any of the marc economic factors, i think that our pledge as a commission is to make certain that we do the most discipline sort of analysis and work so that we are only imposing regulations we analyze and justify. >> is it possible these regulatory factor and thelet say the lack of final certainty over waste disposal in yucca mountain and cumulative cost are effecting the future of nuclear power? >> i support the commission's action to address the court's remand to us of our waste confidence decision. i think that the commission and the agency staff are taking quick and responsible action to address the deficiency that the court identified which were not the entirety of the rule we had put forward. but they the court asserted and found that or analysis and evaluation lacked certain point remedying those specific deficiency. and as the chairman noted we have delayed our schedule by one month. we still continue to push f

for nuclear weapons. the u.s. needs them to clarify what facilities it can effectively safeguard and which it cannot. a negotiated agreement with iran that legitimate mieses its enrichment program would be a step in the wrong direction. thank you. >> thank you, mr. jones. r. heinonen. >> thank you very much for inviting me to address this hearing. i will concentrate on my remarks on the aspects of this deal, which was concluded on the 20 of november. highlight some of the implications and make some minor proposals for the way forward. the agreement is a small but important step forward which after a long delay could start on 20 of january. under this deal, iran continues .o produce low-energy uranium maintain centrifuge production capability including the work force and continues with centrifuge r&d. iran will produce centrifuges . ly no centrifuges will be built during this period. some of the uranium and 20% of its uranium is converted to oxides. in terms of capacity when iran -- in other duce words, ir

the 2003 undertaking included access to the nuclear not involving nuclear material. an example [inaudible] and centrifuge man or iting facilities and to keep raw material as high strength or -- [inaudible] one the thing they are facing is -- the actual material centrifuge manufactured by iran. iran commit itself not to umm my indication reconvert uranium back and it will not construct any -- with the access provided currency by iran and the jpa. they remain limited in the capabilityies for the statements made to iran the centrifuge enrichment later enrichment process. the preamble of the -- [inaudible] final step include addressing the u.s. political resolution. those include outstanding issues such as relay as a possible military -- iran yum nuclear program. in other words, needs according to the resolution to explain the question related to the outlet study and -- [inaudible] it has to explain why it met the document which was forced to cowith the manufacturing of a nuclear head. it has to clarify the procurement and rd activity so military-related institutes and c

nuclear plant safety. in the commissioner testified on capitol hill today about the implementation of the new regulations. this hearing at the senate environment and public works committee is two hours. [inaudible conversations] >>> hearing will come to order. today we're holding our eighth nrc oversight hearing since the earthquake, tsunami, and nuclear meltdown in japan. the third anniversary of fukushima is coming and japan is still struggling. the failed effort to prevent radio active water from washing to the sea have lead officials to build a huge underground ice wall. it would be at least three more years before 60,000 local residents can return to their home safely. we must learn from the tragic events in fukushima and take all necessary steps to ensure the safety of our own nuclear facilities. no more than two years ago, the nrc charged the most -- was making recommendations to help prevent such a disaster here. some of the 12 recommendations that nrc task force proposed have been acted on. the nr

program he objects to any nuclear program that would become a nuclear weapons program so that's where i think there's good grounds for having a settlement how much enrichment can be done at what level these are i think tactical issues that could be settled once both sides are actually willing to come to an agreement and you know years ago you iran was willing to come to side of that film and it was the bush administration that vetoed it and the same people now at the two year making decisions in iran rouhani are in fact arguing the same thing they did two years ago and the u.s. position has changed and u.s. is now willing to actually come to an agreement richard is this a window of opportunity because we do have a new administration in iran and i think it's already been mentioned on this program that obama would like some kind of foreign policy achievement in its second term because he didn't do too well to date so far you know how does this play into it because a lot of that you know when you think about ten years ago when all of the sanctions started coming on there was no enrichmen

nuclear weapons then iraq will get nuclear weapons al-qaeda will get nuclear weapons the entire regime will get nuclear weapons the whole area well look this is a battle for head germany there's no question about it ok saudis can maybe that's true because they but maybe if i go to the i could go to brian maybe it would be better if the united states had a good relationship with iran and get rid of the drop this authoritarian tyrannical regime called saudi arabia maybe it be a better bet the u.s. government right now by engaging even in the first step of negotiations with the iranian government over its nuclear program or really about the unfreezing in a modest way of some of the sanctions not most of them against iran it raises the specter both for israel and for the saudi government and that there could be in fact a shift in u.s. policy towards the middle east the specter of peace between the united states and iran is something that creates who are is inside the the bedrooms of the saudi royal family because they realize if there was any sort of rapprochement detente or accommodation

to a nuclear threat. we do not need nuclear weapons on the peninsula to make that happen. >> i would say the same thing. our policy of extended deterrence is the right policy. be anyoes not need to reentry of nuclear weapons on the peninsula. you are talking about a global and regional issue here that needs to really be looked at. i think the policies are right in regard to that. the rok think that government is making the right investments in their lower tier missile defense. i remained concerned about the growing population. and how look at seoul close it is to the demilitarized zone, the greatest threat as long range military -- long- range artillery and missiles. the other thing we should be mindful of is a -- nuclear disaster of some sort that could occur at one of their test facilities. that is probably one of the greater threats. we have to be prepared to deal with it because it will not only affect the pen angela, it will affect the chinese, the russians, and the japanese and it will affect a lot

have low yield nuclear weapons? >> guest: some. not much but if you can imagine a scenario that united states might want to attack a particular target for whatever reason, a conventional weapon might not suffice and maybe develop this kind of smaller more precise nuclear weapon for those types of functions. in one chapter i try to describe several of those strategies and concluded it would not work for those weapons are likely to have so much collateral damage it would not satisfy the user in terms of being a usable military capability. >> host: is a trend toward more precise smaller weapon is a new trend or house of happened before? >> guest: is new that in general the military technology from the variety of different platforms is to pursue weapons that are bigger, more destructive destructive, more capable. that is not the only thing and over decades said pursuit of greater accuracy of the military is interested. but also greater power. you want to be more precise but what is different now the capability for weapons that are more

have so he'll the nuclear weapons? >>guest: some. not much it is a concern if you imagine a scenario to attack a particular target existing conventional weapons may not suffice you may need in the digital more precise that to be usable for those types of functions i describe those alternative strategies that even the relatively yellow yield are unlikely to have so much collateral damage they would not satisfy the user to be a usable military capability. >>host: is the trend towards more precise weapons at new? >> in general what military technology has done over the years is to pursue weapons than their bigger and more destructive that is not the only saying over decades for the pursuit of greater accuracy is what they have been interested in but you want to be more precise but also have a bigger bang at your disposal, and now you want more weapons that are more usable with scenarios today is states finds itself in engaged different from world war ii where you have the traditional mass of force with the counter insurgency operation o

the risk of a nuclear accident, the use of a nuclear weapon is low, but should nuclear-weapons be usede world it would have a devastating physical, financial and political impact. there are generally three categories of threats that we worry about. the national security strategy of the united states says that the greatest threat the united states faces today is from nuclear weapons, specifically the risk that a terrorist group might get a nuclear weapon and use it on a u.s. city, a nuclear 9/11. there's also the risk of new states acquiring these weapons, perhaps states that have less restraint on the use of these weapons and might use them in a regional conflict or to threaten the united states. in this case we often think of iran which does not yet have a nuclear weapon but is building the technological capability to develop a weapon should they choose to do so in north korea which in the past ten years has conducted three nuclear tests and is on the verge of consolidating in nuclear-weapons state. for this reason the national security strategy of the united states says this has to b

but not as clean as nuclear power. i think the scale can be tilted in a way we can see a collapse in the future of nuclear power. i think you have to be aware there are ramifications from the decisions. thank you for your work. i thank you for trying to dot right thing for the country. >> thank you, senator. senator fisher. >> thank you, thank you for being here today. nice nice to see you. the nrc they emphasize efficiency and dpowsing on activities that have the greatest safety significance. rule making making is a small portion of the total scope of your activities that licensees must respond to. how does your agency prioritize it's nonrulemaking activity to ensure your finite resources are focused on activities of the highest safety significance and in the most significant manner? let me say. thank you for your question. do you believe the prioritization process is necessary? >> we. we use the process. we work with industry? helping set the process. i believe we are receiving a staff paper on this topic this year.

the un's nuclear watchdog has said that iran has started to dismantle some of its nuclear power plants. the united states and the european union will lift sanctions for six months. >> officials from the atomic energy association says they toe suspect -- suspended nuclear sites. they have taken measures according to commitments made in the geneva agreement. up enriched uranium fills their side in november. in return, partial trade sanctions had been lifted. western powers accuse iran of developing nuclear energy for military courses -- purposes. israel is not convinced. agreement,s supposedly to go into effect with iran leaves with iran the option to develop nuclear capabilities at will. dangerous.ly >> the deal said iran must stop enriching uranium and above five percent. worth billions of euros to the country. iaea.n is at the what has iran accomplished? how does it make it harder for them to build a nuclear bomb? first of all, they have to ad to enrich uranium certain purity level and it has disconnected certain centrifuges . means is thathis iran will be less able to enrich uranium

when the nuclear threat initiative did their most recent ranking of the safe keeping of the world's nuclearapons, we slipped a bit. the united states slipped a ranking. one of the troubling recent incidents that was cited in the report was the ease with which our supposedly super secure uranium facility in tennessee was broken into by those senior citize citizens. but that wasn't the only troubling recent incident. it also cited some of the recent trouble at the u.s. military's strategic command, strat-com, the part that the president calls if and when he decides he wants to use a nuclear weapon. they'd be the ones to wage nuclear war. the number two commander in strat-com was hired after alleged to be involved with gambling at casinos with counterfeit chips. who cares, right? unless you're the number two guy in charge of waging nuclear war on behalf of the united states of america and some enterprising chinese spy has found a way to blackmail you over your counterfeit gambling chips thing. the downgrading of america's nuclear security rating did not even account for what came to light soon

it mastered nuclear technology and built and tested components for a nuclear weapon. it may have even obtained enough nuclear material to build a bomb. but in 1970, it signed the nuclear nonproliferation treaty and it ended its nuclear weapon program. in the early 1970's, south korea actively sought a nuclear device. the united states heavily pressured south korea not to go nuclear, and in april of 1975, south korea signed the nonproliferation treaty and halted its nuclear weapons activity. throughout the 1980's, when it was ruled by a military junta with an egregious human rights record, argentina had a covert nuclear weapons program. it built uranium production enrichment and reprocessing facilities, and it attempted to develop nuclear capable ballistic missiles before abandoning its nuclear weapons program and ratifying the m.p.t. in 1995. so the question comes, is iran willing to change its past behavior and abandon its pursuit of a nuclear weapon? it may well be. and it's the job of diplomacy to push for that change. i believe there are positive signs that iran i

that is iran will not get nuclear weapons, not the containment of a nuclear weapon once they get it. preventionctive of may be lost. and in addition to 19,000 centrifuges, iran also constructed the first heavywater reactor for newtonian enrichment, another bomb -- four plutonium enrichment, another bomb fuel. there would not be this discussion and iran would not be at the table unless we imposed sanctions, because that is the only thing that responds to. i think if we take sanctions off the table, you take away the leverage, and assuming that your honey is sincere about this. he ran the nuclear program for ingyears prior to be elected president. remember the iran-iraq war. they were at war for eight years. it was basically a standoff. nobody one. said it waskhamenei like drinking poison from a chalice. then the united states went in , in three weeks, what iran cannot do in three years. guess what you run stopped doing .- enriching uranium so we have been through this, and i think the united states played by-- gets leaders in iraq. they push us away when they are doing well. they poll

really intended to acquire a nuclear weapons capability or is it simply pursuing the nuclear to devoteesto gain the attention of the united states in the world to engage in a dialogue nobody realistically after the test believed that the program was nothing more than a negotiating ploy. the question in that regard was largely in answered. this was seen with a number of other launches since then an indication that intended to pursue and improved the icbm capabilities to take whatever devices and billed to the united states. and of course to do so under the cover of satellite launches hence the replete to try to check the so-called boxes in much the claimed to be a peaceful and legitimate sovereign right of the dprk launches in spite of the security council resolutions to the contrary. and finally, the island in said been exposed -- both demonstrated that they intended to use propagation, even at times lethal as a course of diplomatic tools of intimidation and violence and as general sharp and the general thurman had this challenge, the impact on the alliance and none of these three conclu

they technically are allowed to have of nuclear program. so what's tricky here is that the words right to enrich sure actually not you know in the treaty itself but in article four of the nonproliferation treaty there is this language that general referred to that refers to the fact that the countries signatories of the treaty are have the right to a fuel a full fuel cycle and so it's interpreted different ways most countries interpret it as that that every country has the right to enrich the united states differently and that no country has that because the treaty that doesn't mean countries have the right to enrich but but i think you know there is a widespread recognition among all the negotiators that are involved in this whatever you want to you know the whole issue of rights is very there's a lot of contention around that but there's a recognition that at the end of the day if we're going to reach a final agreement than iran has to recognize that iran is going to be enriching they're going to have a very stringent limitations on their

nuclear program may be over. the group of crippling sanctions seems closer than ever and world powers are even asking for help in ending the war in syria on top of that there is a new billion dollar trade deal with moscow in the works. is the islamic republic into the international scene. for a minister it's really great to have the on our program today. say you just came back from damascus you've spoken to president bashar have you talked about and see concrete have you come up with any concrete solutions. i just come from the middle east. i was in jordan i was in iraq and i see a common thread among everybody. concerned. spread the spread of extremism. that is brewing in the region and the need to contain it now. but there is no. if we do not. now we see the consequences of. the situation in iraq which is really. because the same group. stomach the so-called islamic state of iraq and the levant is. creating difficulty making terrorist bombings in inside iraq at the same time at is it is engaged in syria even in

nuclear program may be over. crippling sanctions seems closer than ever and world powers are even asking for ending the war in syria on top of that there is a new billion dollar trade deal with moscow in the works. is the islamic republic on its way back into the international scene. into a lasting spring. for a minister it's really great to have the on our program today. so you just came back from damascus you've spoken to president bashar have you talked about inside concrete have you come up with any concrete solutions. really i just come from the middle east. i was in lebanon i was in jordan i was in iraq and i see a common thread among everybody. concerned about the spread of widens spread of extremism and tension that is brewing in the region and the need to contain it now. but there is no good if we do not. spread. now we see the consequences of the conflict in syria and it's spillover into lebanon we see the situation in iraq which is very. interlinked with syria because the same group the islamic the so-

a more detailed discussion of the domestic civil nuclear activities and nuclear nonproliferation policies and practices of the authorities on taiwan, including their nuclear export policies and practices, is provided in the npas and in a classified annex to the npas submitted separately. as noted above, an addendum on the authorities of taiwan with respect to nuclear related matters is being submitted to you separately by the director of national intelligence. i have enclosed the views and recommendations of the interested agencies in reviewing the proposed agreement and determined that its performance will promote and will not constitute an unreasonable risk to the common defense and security. accordingly, i have approved the agreement and authorized its execution and urge the congress to give it favorable consideration. this transmission shall constitute a submital for purposes of those sections 123b and 123d of the act. my administration is prepared to begin immediately the consultations with the senate foreign relations committee, and the house foreign affairs committee as provided in

was access to nuclear weapons. >> not as far as we know. in fact, the air force has emphasized that that is not the case. but to make up for the point on what mr. blair just said there, when the initial set of problems were first exposed by the ap last spring, the air force's initial response was, well, part of the problem is these fellows, these officer was do this job are very young and they have not taken it seriously enough. >> and they have a moral problem. >> and that's norbted with this morale problem. on the other hand, that is some what putting the blame on these young officers. other people will tell you that the real problem is weak leadership by the more senior people in the air force. >> ifill: is that something you found in your investigation with secretary, then senator hagel as well, mr. blair? >> well, we didn't look into this dimention very thoroughly. but i stay very close to the ground on these questions, in close contact with former and current launch control officers and my view is that these men and women are every bi

the vice president of japan nuclear fuel filed the application with the nuclear regulation authority. the plant plays a central role in the japanese government's fuel recycling policy. the goal is to reprocess spent fuel so it can be used again. executives in charge of the plant strengthened measures against earthquakes in anticipation of new safety regulations. they also installed water pumps, and spraying equipment to respond to accidents. >> translator: we intend to operate the facility properly. so we hope the screening will be carried out efficiently. >> executives plan to complete the plant by october. they hope to then start full-scale operations, testing at the plant is already under way. but work to complete the facility has been postponed 21 times following a series of problems. the chairman of nuclear regulation authority said it's unclear how long the screening will take. >>> government officials say they'll maintain the nuclear fuel recycling policy, as part of japan's basic energy plan. but they're still grappling with several challenges. nuclear power plants across japa

the iranians are perhaps on the verge of nuclear breakout. why is this necessarily -- why do you see that this policy will necessarily fail? what are your problems with it? a number of problems. let me start with the nuclear question. there is a contradiction in our policy. with respect to the nuclear issue, we are like a policeman who was pointing a gun at a criminal and saying, drop it or i will shoot. but our body language is like this. we are starting to run the other way. drop it or i will shoot. the iranians are getting that perfectly. we are incentivizing them to link than the negotiations -- lengthen the negotiations, to break up the coalition. we would have a better chance of getting what we want from the iranians if we put together a strong coalition against them. but we, ourselves, have split our own coalition. our president is going out and telling people in congress that want to be tough with iran that they are warmongers. he is signaling publicly that biggestelis are the impediment to peace with the iranians. israelis, the saudi

iran has announced that the initial agreement on the country's nuclear program will take effect on january twenty x the deal includes the stealing back that iran's nuclear development in attendance on international economic sanctions it will be east indian foreign ministry made the deal probably on sunday. deputy foreign minister of months until she told local reporters that his country will soon start negotiations aimed at achieving a final settlement in manhattan is strictly a six world powers in november on this tree stand to be taken on its nuclear program this is an expert on both sides have been discussing the specifics of the deal the first phase requires a round to live and it's a new creative elements under the watch of the international atomic energy agency was six months too late july. production of weapons grade and twenty percent enriched uranium will be stopped. in return the six powers will reduce sanctions on iran for half the year including the country's auto industry. more of the new green economy could allow international businesses to tap into rounds large my kid and it

if there's a nuclear deal.n there will be more of the realists or even some of the reformers allowed to run. i went to see khomeini is granddaughter who is a leading women's rights activist, and she talked about the nuclear deal would determine women's rights. if there is a nuclear deal, the president will be all the more empowered to do things on other issues, including rights for women. they have a sense that they really want this deal. and that is i think to the advantage of the nuclear team. for all the obstacles they face from the hard-liners who still control the judiciary, still control the legislature, there is a real public mood in favor of a deal. and i think to answer the question, the amount of that surprised me. >> same page? >> well, a couple of surprises or just things that i was able to see that might interest you. i got to know a first rate from what i can tell, really world class scientists, molecular biologist, somebody who is doing work dealing with neurodegenerative disease like what my dau