of domestic terrorism that pakistan as ever phone, destabilizing the country, and pakistan's weapons were not in afghanistan. notwithstanding this mismatch, the surge of troops, 100,000 u.s. soldiers at the peak, 150,000 international soldiers, counting nate nato contributions, was sent to afghanistan because of the rationale that if afghan fill apart, al qaeda would come back which was plausible. the second one is one at that time occurs to the present today. al qaeda wishes agree, menace, threat, a relatively finite group. membership under 2,000, at least in the region. but the taliban, are they an affiliate of al qaeda? as dangerous to the united states as al qaeda? on what basis in they didn't participate in the 9/11 attacks. it's not even clear from the best scholarship that the leadership of the taliban knew about the 9/11 plot. they created sanction wear for al qaeda. they refused repeated requests to do something about al qaeda. but after the fall of the taliban government, what did the reviving taliban pose by way of a threat -- direct threat across borer to the it's or its

many of them fled to pakistan, gradually pakistan organized resistance and in the cia and saudi arabia came in with billions of dollars. essentially they contracted isi to carry out this covertrt actin wiwill stop pakistanan insisist. they so we don't want a bunch of americans running around on our frontier. you let us do the work, give us the funds, and gradually they grew to this corrosive force within packet and. beyonond into interfering in pakistani politics, trying to shape media narratives and essentially become a state within the state. amy: the u.s. and saudi arabia provovided enormous susupport fr pakistan and ultimately, the isi . >> indirectly to isi. we had a long-standing alliance with pakistan to try to provide humanitarian aid and so forth over the decade, but it was the soviet war that really change the character of the relationship by bringing isi's role in this covert war to the forefront of the alliance. quite remarkable the shift that happened in u.s. policy, vis-a-vis, precisely, isi. they used isi to funnel all of these funds and arms to the human gene -- the u.s

the new nation of pakistan is cool. meanwhile a deadly stage will set all british role to give place to the dual dominion of india. a day later across a newly drawn border leaders celebrate the birth of the republic of india. freed from colonial rule the creation of these two countries completes a long struggle for independence and here is the gore we believe that we did today. and now. i'm calm when been shown to be my baby. but even before the celebrations are over chaos ibrox. panic and fear sets in as neighbor turns on neighbor unleashing mass violence. millions leave their homes . the celebrations were or was marred by the blood they took place against the backdrop of perfect violence. and. people who a year before we tended to each other's wedding parties and each other raping each other's daughters roasting each others' babies on spit. with human passions are unleashed. none of us can can foresee what could happen. while historians recount the horrors of the past for those who lived through them it's like yesterd

fears of terrorism that pakistan has ever known, destabilizing the country and of course pakistan weapons were not in afghanistan. notwithstanding the mismatch, the surge of troops on hundred thousand soldiers. they were sent to afghanistan because of the rationale that in the triumph, it would come back which is a plausible concern. the second problem in the review occurs to the present day. it's a menace and a threat, a relatively finite group and membership under 2,000 at least in the region. are they in an affiliate of al qaeda danger this as al qaeda on what basis they didn't participate in the attacks it isn't even clear from the best scholarship that the taliban knew about the plot and obviously they were complicit. they had created a sanctuary for al qaeda and refused repeated requests to do something about al qaeda, but after the fall of the television government, what did the revising caliban posed by way of a threat across borders to the united states and its allies? this was a question that all of these reviews in the conference room on the fourth floor of the eisenhower build

in pakistan. the entire leadership of the taliban is in pakistan. leading figures of terrorism like osama bin laden, mullah omar, mullah ahmad mansoor they lived in pakistan, and they died in pakistan. so it goes to show where the heart of terror is. (crowd cheering and yelling) (rapid machine gun fire) (speaking in foreign language) - [narrator] the taliban, analysts say, may have links to pakistan's spy agency known as the inter-services intelligence, or isi. - i think isi has had a strong relationship with the taliban. the details of that have never been completely clear or proven, but they have the support that they have. - there are some of our leaders that believed that there was a direct linkage. in fact, not just a direct linkage, but operational guidance and maybe even operational support for certain of the taliban. you could see potentially how that could be the case, by watching the taliban operate. i could never tell if there was a direct linkage, but i had to assume that they were get

the feeling was part of pakistan that kashmir would naturally sheet to pakistan. kashmir was a muslim majority state ruled by a hindu maharajah had troubles in kashmir where india supported the project in many ways it should have gone to pakistan because it had a muslim majority but it's hindu my raja chose for it to come to it it was a choice forced on the maharajah when weeks after partition pakistan sent in fighters already the rebel forces have left a trail of bloated and burning villages and await the pakistan army simply sent in a large number of troops in fact many of them the so-called irregulars armed tribesmen from the north west into kashmir to seize the territory and overthrow the . rampage and eventually that prompted the maharajah to call upon the indian government to send in the troops reinforcements continual to pour in as the indian troops consolidate. and india are promptly paratroop to soldiers. they beat back some of the invasion but a ceasefire was called leaving pakistan in control of roughly one third of the western side of kashmir. and leav

flee their homes muslims headed for pakistan well hindus set off for india. enormous convoys of people moving in opposite directions the greatest mass migration in history. ten million people with displaced many were attacked by robbers and militants along the way a million people lost their lives. no one took responsibility for the tragedy but hindu nationalists accused gandhi of allowing muslims to steal part of the hindu nation. we went to the delhi headquarters of the rightwing hindu muss about organization. there we spoke to its then president he maintained that his was the only group that sought to defend india's integrity. of i was the only one major son in india richard lugar. with the great journey explorations there. really should never. do you all for india. you know i did indeed wonder so in fact it was very much a part of their own program to have a separate state and its always serve their interests subsequently to have a separate pakistani state which is always an antagonism there's always a red representation of. india's other it's a post. a f

as one of pakistan's most powerful lawyers, asma jehangir found of pakistan's first legal aid center1986, when on to serve as the first female president of the supreme court bar association of pakistan. this is asma jehangir speaking in a video produced by the right livelihood awards, which she won in 2014. >> when you start off, there's something inside you telling you to do it. and it comes because you have heart and an eye. and the courage to stand up against those forces -- and there are plenty of them, believe me -- they do not wish to see people. human rights, it is not a job, it is a conviction. laws as an the instrument and use the courts, but i have been on the streets as well. for each issue in each incidents , there has to be a strategy. justice is a rare commodity and are part of the world. very rare. but sometimes even shouting for justice gives you some satisfaction that you are being heard. and you must be heard. you knock and you knock and you knock and you knock and you knock, and one day they are going to hear. amy: that was asma jehangir. she died on sunday in paki

is drying up and for example when national pressure on pakistan is building up the u.s. has accused pakistan of harboring networks like huck on the network and members of the up on taliban so that has played a huge role and now pakistan is stepping up and trying to be most serious about it and watching what the humanitarian i mean to send millions of people back in to specific times seems almost unrealistic so yes there is a sense of urgency there's a sense of pressure there's a sense of difficulty there is that because in the past extensions have been given for long then extensions have been constantly you know on the table in terms of negotiation but this is something that eating agencies understand that now the pressure is building up it has to be done but in terms of the time a scale it is being it's being looked at is a very big challenge noshing a bus in islamabad thank you very much for that thank you. take a look at some other stories making news around the ones in mumbai thousands of fans have gathered to mourn the iconic bollywood actress she gave the investiga

pakistan's nuclear weapons were there. we were fighting -- >> carry on. >> we were finding a kind of indirect war. the rationalization was afghanistan would fall apart. and kind of an indirect way to send young men and women to war. >> here's the thing and president trump kind of summed it up with his tweet where not so long ago he hasby tsds the united states has foolishly given pakistan $33 billion in aid over the last 15 years and they have given us nothing but lies and deceit thinking of our leaders as fools. they've given safe haven to terrorists in afghanistan with little help, no more. is he right or wrong or is there an between there? >> lots of soldiers went over to fight in afghanistan only to be attacked by militants that were coming out of pakistan. clearly supportive or at a minimum, you know, facilitated by pakistani security services. and they watched american comrades die or be wounded on the battlefield by militants who enjoyed support from an ally that we were aiding with our taxpayer dollars. so, of cour

-pakistan relations. we intend to hold pakistan accountable for its failure to deny sanctuary to militant proxies. we also encourage restraint in pakistan's military and nuclear missile programs and seek continued closer alignment of pakistan's nonproliferation policies with our own. we continue to value our relationship with pakistan and recognize the benefit of cooperation. pakistan has played an important role in pushing you -- pushing al qaeda closer to defeat, combating isis, securing nuclear weapons, hosting afghan refugees and providing access for supplies and equipment used by u.s. and afghan forces. we also acknowledge the enormous sacrifices pakistani people and security forces have made to combat terrorism. we have shared with pakistan our staff asia strategy in detail expectations clear to pakistan, emphasizing they must take decisive action against all militant in terrorist groups placed there. in january, the president suspended security assistance to the pakistani military with limited exce

threaten pakistan. i understand that sit is a delicate balance for pakistan and we want to do all we can to support them in that effort, and we have provided an enormous amount of assistance and monetary and otherwise to the pakistani government, and what we are looking for is an indication from them more support trekted at those outward focused terrorist organizations. >> thank you. thank you, mr. chairman. >> senator issacson. >> thank you, mr. chairman. part of the new strategy calls for the integration of the diplomatic, and economic sets of the military effort. >> that sounds like prudential reconstruction teams that we did in iraq for a while s. that the part of the goal in any way w t whatsoever? >> i will elaborate on that this morning, and in iraq, when we tried to bring over more of the iraqi people to our side, and fr from the terrorist side to the insane side, and i know that when i worked with folks to make the microloans to help build the local investments in them, and the participation of

as you say this move by pakistan has been in the making for years is there any prospect that pakistan might actually allow the afghans to stay after all on humanitarian grounds for her. yeah there was a there when i spoke to the minister there were three categories that he had mentioned to me. one was. the cases of these different cadres that this category that i'm going to mention and he said that they're going to be looking into that the second is of families whose children are studying in pakistan in schools and universities are going to be. and lastly clients who are doing business in pakistan those who have assets and property they're not going to be told to go overnight they're going to be given ample time to wrap up their businesses and at least not going to last thirty six some of the cases that. i just want to thank you very much for that on the scene there who deliver that report for us talking to us from the pakistani capital islamabad thank you so much thank you. you're watching the news still to come a key date for briggs the e.u. publishes a first draft of terms under wh

any of those returns from pakistan. will have significant impact. that will make challenges. in some places. in order situation reduce more satisfactory. education livelihood challenges you know what is there and these are the challenges. which needs to be addressed the international community should try to get to doing them an assistance you know wonder some. some political commentators suggest that holding the feet of refugees in the balance is one of pakistan's bargaining chips when dealing with diplomatic pressure and while many refugees like nester maffia they are being used as political pawns they have no choice but to accept their life in him as another deadline ticks down. the international olympic committee has confirmed to d.w. that russia's olympic ban has been lifted with quote immediate effect the news comes just two days after russian athletes returned from competing as neutrals. winter olympics the ban was automatically lifted after no further russian athletes tested positive for banned substances at. present russia's limpid committee called the i.o.c. is decis

forty seven the partition between india and pakistan was made official. as the clock had approached midnight darla nehru the first prime minister of independent india address the nation. to do. with it to me. and now all the time comes when we showed you the picture at the front of the midnight hour when we were deep into our window we don't like the leader. but the very morning after independence celebrations hindus in pakistan and muslims in india began to flee their homes muslims headed for pakistan well hindus set off for india. enormous convoys of people moving in opposite directions the greatest mass migration in history. ten million people who are displaced many were attacked by robbers and militants along the way a million people lost their lives. no one took responsibility for the tragedy but hindu nationalists accused gandhi of allowing muslims to steal part of the hindu nation. we went to the delhi headquarters of the rightwing hindu muss about organization. there we spoke to its then president he maintained that his was the only group that sou

flee their homes muslims headed for pakistan well hindus set off for. india. enormous convoys of people moving in opposite directions the greatest mass migration in history. ten million people were displaced many were attacked by robbers and militants along the way a million people lost their lives. no one took responsibility for the tragedy but hindu nationalists accused gandhi of allowing muslims to steal parts of the hindu nation. we went to the delhi headquarters of the rightwing hindu muss about organization. there we spoke to its then president he maintained that his was the only group that sought to defend india's integrity. ok got it in the ass of all of us with only one major son in india. richard. with. a german explorations there. really. you want to know i did india one india solo the hindu nationalists claim that this was a vivisection of india. something that the congress and betrayed the indian people in agreeing to in fact it was very much a part of their own program to have a separate state and this always serve their interest subsequen

pakistan has been a strong ally of the u.s. in the war on terror but it's been about sixteen years and there's still no end in sight how would you change pakistan's policy in afghanistan unfortunately the of the on war has turned into this for ever war with the united states has lots site of its objectives it seems that they don't know why they're there what they want to do or how they're going to get out the fact of the matter is that seventy five percent of our gonna stand witnesses terrorist activity forty five percent of our plan is done is not in the control of the our run government we want there to be peace in afghanistan but it has to be an afghan led peace and the afghan government and nato forces need to start taking responsibility for their failures if in this long in this flare war they haven't been successful it's time for us to rethink what we're doing. i the pakistan people's party believes in non interventionist foreign policies in their change if changes to take place that has to take place domestically inorgan

any large scale returns from pakistan. will have significant imitated impact. our economic challenges. in some places the. situation reaches more satisfactory and there are issues because education and livelihood are challenges you know what is the and so these are the challenges. which needs to be addressed and the international community should try broad targeted doing them an assistance you know wonder some betting that some political commentators suggest that holding the feet of refugees in the balance is one of pakistan's bargaining chips when dealing with diplomatic pressure and while many refugees like nestor now fear they are being used as political pawns they have no choice but to accept their life in limbo as another deadline ticks down. while here in germany a landmark court decision is causing a lot of uncertainty in the country in this apologies commuters and companies are all grappling right now with a ruling of one of the country's top courts that diesel powered cars can be banned from certain cities this move comes in a bit of course to combat a

however, pakistan will notmi comp on its dignity. this is what i told the u.s. secretary of state and u.s. secretary of defense when we had a meeting in islamabad, that we are a nation which got independence for our dignity. if you offer theeople of pakistan a cup of poison with dignity, they might drink it. but if you offer people of pakistan cup of honey under duress and coercion, they will refuse to drink it. we have made very big sacrifice for fighting war against terrorism. we do not want any dollars. we want an understanding and recognition for the sacrifices that pakistan has made. laura: you are watching "bbc world news america."e still to c tonight's program, black unemployment and politics. why one of president trump's goto lines on the economy does not ring true for many african-americans. in april of last year, students and staff from a university in northwest pastan dragged a fellow student from his room, beat him, and shot him dead. he was false accusedf less than me. has sentence one man to death ve others to prison -- now art c has sentenced one

i mean compared to when i'm in a one thousand babies are dying in pakistan one in twenty to be. dying so this is too much and as. as it is mentioned that it is the is the power the chair had the means reasons for the. for the death of the new new new needs dr sect some of the solutions to this particular huge problem quite old fashioned reassuringly old fashioned i guess it comes down to skin to skin contact between mother and baby within the first sixty minutes of life literally and also breast feeding so that bond is made so the immunity system of the child is improved from the get go and that doesn't cost anything that's that's free medical care if you will at points of delivery. absolutely and that so it's really simple interventions that are the first line not the magic silver bullet point. bullets but they are very important interventions that can help at least a big proportion of the newborns to survive it is about skin to skin which means the babies put on the tummy of the mother when they need the support and breast feeding is started in the cloth should be a rep there

ok let's get going let's bring in our guests in karachi dr shah siyad founder of the pakistan national forum on women's health and in new york also on skype dr will about sec head of unicef global maternal and child health program welcome to inside story to see out first why is this figure in pakistan so very high there unfortunately in buggiest on the video highlighted of quality illiteracy and the government's failure to provide basic health care is the mean reason that we have all these high end mortality never. would have been sick in new york how many of these deaths are actually preventable. yes i think that there is a quite a substantial number of deaths preventable among you born deaths and it is so simple interventions that can make it through friends although we have many newborns that might need sophisticated care but what we have estimated then our report globally every country would do the major effort that is needed that we could save sixteen million newborns but two thousand and. sure society in current shape this is not explicitly linked in pakistan to income level the

were precisely the pakistan army units of sanctions on the pakistan generals and businesses run by that military and significantly reduce terror attacks in afghanistan that's one person's claim on the other side that we have this tweet from eastend we heard from a little bit earlier who says the u.s. should learn from pakistan how the peace can be brought to the conflict zone u.s. continuous desire to invade transoceanic country the irresponsible destabilizing behavior and that must end so someone's pointing the finger at pakistan another person's pointing the finger at the us room what do you make of those two comments ok well i would say it's all about it's not just the united states and russia or united states stormed or you know the so we have china we have iran we have all these surrounding countries that are involved there saudi arabia included. there are you know their favorite villains because very few heroes and of almost the left there mostly died and were martyred so what we are are people who made it through and these are. you know the people who were able to be bought peopl

(clicking, beeping) - the real threat, the most serious one is pakistan. pakistan has an advanced nuclear weapons program, the country has an extremely unstable country, pakistani nuclear specialists like pervez hoodbhoy for example, the physicist in pakistan, have warned that the system could be penetrable by jihadi agents who are all over the place. it's conceivable that there already have been leakages out of pakistan, the khan network and the status of pakistani nuclear weapons is pretty uncertain. - a. q. khan was in a sense the father of the pakistani atomic bomb, he was not the only one, there are others but he was most prominent. he took the design of these centrifuges, these things that spin very fast to enrich uranium back to pakistan and he convinced the pakistani government to help him start building centrifuges. from there he branched out and began to sell some of his technology or exchanged some of this technology with other countries, most notably iran but also north korea and eventually libya. - [narrator] ensuring nuclear security, analyst

pakistan had a rude awakening for the new year. president trump tweeted a blood accusation that it was givg sanctuary to afghan militants and lying about it, and then suspended military aid. islamabad is looking in another direction. china is investing tens of dollars in the country. the planning minister has high hopes that this will turn the nation around. he spoke with my colleague barbara plett-usher. >> this has brought new momentum, it has created new job oprtunities, it has revive our construction industry. it has been a game changer by bringing new opportunity, optimism, and attracting world investors towas pakistan. barbara: with such chinese support, can pakistan afford to ignore president trump's decision to suspend aid?ry >> unfortunately, we were not receiving heavy military aid i cent years. net we certainly look forward to having a strong pahip with the united states. barbara: but a strong economicip relationith china does take the pressure off, doesn't it, if the u.s. decides to cut aid or take certain actions? >> w

the cia and america secret wars in afghanistan and pakistan. what with. >> covert action arm of pakistani intelligence, main service called interservice intelligence, rhode island cia worked with them during the 19 0s to smuggle guns and money to the afghan rebels who were fighting in the soviet occupation. after 2001 as we tried to restore constitutional democracy to afghanistan, isi fostered the revival of the taliban ended up creating the mess that we're in now. >> brennan: there's a rope you picked that theme for the rest of the book. what's happening right now you've seen some terrible terrorist attacks over the mast two weeks in afghanistan. what is driving the violence right now? >> it's been a rough couple of years, there are groups based in pakistan that have continually carried out mass casualty attacks inca bull in order to unsettle the government. the trump administration has changed policy toward pakistan, us suspended aid, some

to the chairman of the pakistan people's party about his country being dragged into the conflict. unfortunately the of the on war has turned into this for over war with the united states has lots of its objectives it seems that they don't know why they're there what they want to do or how they're going to get out the fact of the matter is that seventy five percent of honest and witnesses terrorist activity forty five percent of all plan is done is not in the control of the government we want there to be peace in afghanistan but it has to be an afghan led peace and the afghan government and nato forces need to start taking responsibility for their failures if in this long in this for air war they haven't been successful it's time for us to rethink what we're doing. i and the pakistan people's party police a non interventionist foreign policy in that change if changes to take place that has take place domestically inorganically. and unfortunately we've seen the west get overly excited by the arab spring and didn't allow it to take its organic conclusion and we shouldn't focus on ind

pakistan has been a strong ally of the u.s. in the war on terror but it's been about sixteen years and there's still no end in sight how would you change pakistan's policy in afghanistan unfortunately the of the on war has turned into this for ever war with the united states has lots site of its objectives it seems that they don't know why they're there what they want to do or how they're going to get out five to the matter is that seventy five percent of honest man witnesses terrorist activity forty five percent of our plan is done is not in the control of the our run government we want there to be peace in afghanistan but it has to be an afghan led peace and the afghan government and nato forces need to start taking responsibility for their failures if in this long in this for a war they haven't been successful it's time for us to rethink what we're doing. i the pakistan people's party police a non interventionist foreign policy in that change if changes to take place that has to take place domestically inorganically. and unf