they included the wife of a young philosopher, as they sought entry to harvard by various means they met resistance. and reported, we were told not to disturb the present system of education, which is the result of the wisdom and experience of the past. and bearses so large a part in the molding of our republican life. although they began to get some support from harvard professors, all male, of course, president charles william elliott was deeply opposed, and so was the all male harvard corporation. what was the objection? here must -- one must return to origins, history, tradition, and privileges. as the women of the educational association learned, in the late 19th century, harvard saw itself as a nursery for the nation of leadership and scholarship. although harvard men were general sympathetic to the idea of educated women, who as mothers of the republican and teachers bore responsibility for the young. they did not want women to study at the sacred grove reserved for the future ruling elite. the scarce precious resources of harvard should not be dissipated. moreover, with knowl

and what we see here is an appreciation of the conservative principle which catholic philosophers refer to as subsidiary. instead of a central government, superintendent of local affairs, as was the case in france and beginning and that began as tocqueville wrote in his later volume on the a see an regime accident french revolution with the louis xivth getting rid of local autonomy as louis xiv said -- it's me. imthe government. that france was centralized before the revolution and becomes further centralized by the revolution which abolishes the age of profits and the superintendents are appointed by the central government in paris usually from a list of people as time went on who are educated in the central universities in paris and in fact, the government in france resembles that model in very many ways. that kind of centralization did not, in tocqueville's view was something for which he had a considerable dread, and he notes that instead of america, instead of having that kind of central government, democracy in america tended to let local governments, chosen by people who would re

his great grandfather, a distinguished philosopher and lawyer, who was defense council in the trial of king louis xvi was gill teened after his client. tocqueville's father escaped the gill teen. when he left the prison at age 22 his hair had turned completely white. this was a family that was traumatized by this great event in history, the french revolution. as a child, tocqueville was born 1805, met the restored king louis xviii after the downfill of napoleon. while he and his family thrived under louis, charles the x and louis philippe, the spector of bloodshed and revolution, the threat of another revolution was always in their thoughts. and he came from a background which considered the french revolution a great disaster. in the first lecture of this course, "the ideas of american conservatism had roots in jerusalem, athens, rome and london." conspicuously absent is paris. still ruled by a monarch and centralized bureaucracy with limited powers to a legislature whose members were chosen by a very small electorate. tocqueville knew before his arrival that america was different. som

galbraith, of course, at the time was refer together skrib lings of marx and the german philosopher who's were together to produce the monsters of the 20th century it, lenin, stalin, hitler and mao himself? but galbraith too was a swribler whose ideas came to dominate the economic thinks of politicians the world over for decades but were ultimately discrediteted and deposed by other where ideas that were beginning to take root as his influence peaked. william ffrg buckley was all about ideas. in today's world, he would be described not inaccurately as a public intellectual for he gave voice to the ideas that were to culminate in the modern conservative movement that he more than anyone called into being. he burst on the scene at the age of 26 with gaddenman at yale, a critique of the educational ho major jenization to which he was suspected as an undergraduate and within a couple of years he founded national review, a journal of opinion that would change the world. he edited national review for nearly four decades, churned out an estimated 350,000 published words a year while traveling th

teach, and served as president both of the american psychological association, and the american philosophical society. i'm sure not at the same time. and she wrote four books and over 100 articles evenly divided between psychological and philosophy. in 1929, a group of fill aus fehrs -- scholars sent a letter to grant her the ph.d., it-ed to her international reputation. the university concluded, quote, there was no adequate reason for granting her the ph.d. case closed. there's nothing rational to be argued here. i think it's essentially a case of exclusion, history, tradition and privilege now being joined by taboo. but looked at in another way, it's clear from the account that radcliffe became the side door, opening graduate education in arts and sciences to women. in 1894, president elliott responded to a powerful alumnist on giving ph.d.s to women. no he said, the degree must be read by radcliffe. otherwise it will lose legitimacy. they offered ph.d.s from the beginning. given the difficultys that calkins faced, harvard degrees were declared open as early as the 1894 charter. and by 1962

it's central to the philosophical differences, the philosophical divide that separates barack obama and. you're going to hear a lot about it. on top of that, of course, the research shows it's effective with seniors. >> let me ask you about the reality here. gene, it's good to talk the fact you're going to be a different kind of president than obama. then you have to explain what that means. you're not just a relief pitcher coming in a difficult part of the game. it seems if he's going to cut taxes further for corporations, he's going to keep the cuts for the wealthy and make them permanent. he has to come up with some cuts on the other side or he's going to increase the deficits. these look like the cuts. this is what's going to pay for the extension of the bush tax cuts and the corporate tax cuts. >> absolutely. mitt romney has not spelled out precisely what he would cut when he talks about reforming the tax code he hasn't spelled out what loopholes he would close. you want to start taxing health benefits. do you want to end the mortgage interest deduction, those are the big things th

could say i'm somewhat of a philosopher.ing aristotle, socrates homer, the ill yard, you know all that. >> i don't pray with bibles, i pray with false idols. i have no enemies just deceased rivals. because i am creating history with homicidal travels, swimming with crying crocodiles deep in devil's vile. cursed at birth with a lifetime of trial. crime after crime with a pistol of denial. and [ bleep ] it with a smile. that's suicide king. i have an extensive history of being suicidal and, i overcame that, you know like, i tried cutting my wrists. i mean, i tried hanging myself. i tried shooting myself. tried poisoning myself. and for me it wasn't my time to go. so that being said, i just put it on paper. expressed my self that way. and it's more than therapy, it's my life. >> coming up -- >> vegas, a bad habit. vegas. i would make $80,000 bets on a black jack hand. retarded. i love the life. >> one inmate lives the high life on other people's money. >> i steal from corporations like honeywell or motorola you, know what i am

was that personal or philosophical? >> it was personal. ayn rand had 100% personal all the wood was represented differently at the time. shd ffairitntael doericldpu d her archaeological call her air of a matt of fact between 1952 and 1968. there was a ig split in the randmovement punand e 19ff and on through the 60's and nathaniel brandt wanted to break off and she didn't take kindly tothat. thwatviemdbuiy. eago and even the objective is movement acknowledges. so even though she takes all kinds of accusations against him, the accusations it wa a rsdipe etck ott om nahani braed about how the objective test. >> [inaudible] >> what's go [ind] >>be ay esycog d bamvy ceful author comer writing self-help books. he got involved in. but there is a role in the objective is movement that he has to come back he appears on panels right now. 's in0,t he just left the movement. contrary to her wises she put a curse on his head. contrary to her wishes she became a vy suessful >> i wonder if you might say a little bit more about ayn rand and i think you d

you just heard a catholic philosopher now followed by an evangelical protestant. you may not know it, but what you are witnessing is what is absolutely essential for the survival of freedom as we have known it. [ applause ] we have to stop the damaging bickering, the continual division and dissension that everything within the capacity and character of creator god literally rebukes. god is calling for a unity, a harmony with the creator. and as jay pointed out, we are born in the image of god, co-creators. we didn't move out of the stone age because we ran out of rocks. the very thought that you could take sand and create the greatest wealth in america with fiberoptics and microchips. we don't really have an energy crisis, we've got a crisis in relationship with father god, and we do not have a relationship with the family of the father. and we've got to get that healed. [ applause ] there is a prevailing destructive spirit of divorce that is tearing marriages apart, families apart, and a nation apart. and we've got to put a stop to it. being created equal does no

the other reveals so many philosophical problems.hat being said, when you diminish small business saying 3% of small business will be affected, i think somehow because that number has 3 and a percentage mark next to it you say that's not very much, when i tell you that's a million people, a million small businesses employing i don't know what from there, but a couple odd five million, impact on 5 million americans when you consider unemployment in the country is that same range. >> this the problem with america in general, everybody wants to go to heaven, nobody wants to die. it's the honest truth. 3% is a small number. everybody wants sacrifice but they don't want to sacrifice. at some point somebody has to pay. we're so upset about sacrifice -- >> what i'm saying, your ideas might be self-defeating. if you want to take money away from the 3%, a million people, you may be adding to the unemployment rolls. >> somebody has to pay somewhere and it has to be there. the republican the sky is falling argument that happens whenever there's

>> we had to create an alternative to the philosophers. it is a story of a great economic thinkers covering it his favorite economist was cannes that was pro government. my perspective i wanted a more balanced approach i wanted to highlight the free-market thinkers. the founder of modern economics i figured by making him the sentral character i could tell a story. it has a plot how adam smith was treated overtime. and how their resurrected and improved upon by the other's goals of e of economics. we have done something unique and why the textbook is popular, i make it a real story that triumphs in the end. that is the model that i see as an ideal. >>host: who was ludwig von b.s.? >>guest: the premier economist of the 21st century he was jewish and left during world war ii and came to america he was never as popular as milton friedman but popular in my book with the austrian school is close associates when the nobel prize so he is an important character. >>host: what is the austrian school? >> when of two major schools of economics one was

but those principles are stronger than the philosophers or even the founders recognized. the anglo-american legal and political traditions communicate those political and social principles that are more compelling than even the founders recognized. he goes on -- he insists that the war against southern independence was just as much a war against northern democracy as it is against southern aristocracy. i wanted you to take that away from reading and see how it fits into what de tocqueville sees. i think it does fit in quite well. let's take a question on anything at this point. i wanted to give you that as context. i saw you had your hand up again. >> mr. barone mentioned medicare. it reminded me of earlier this week "the new york times" had an expose on ron paul and his early career when he first opened up his medical practice or he refused to participate in medicare or medicaid. a lot of people, of course, you don't want to treat poor people. he treated anyone, but those people who could not pay, he accepted vegetables, a dozen eggs. i think that speaks a lot towards ou

generation of conservatives was leading the movement off in directions he considered politically and philosophically unsound he spoke up. his fusionism was threatening to come apart at the seams as a result of its own success. frank myer, when warned by a young activist years ago that in power, the different of constituencies that made up the movement might want very different things and be willing to use the power of the state in very different ways than he foresaw, myer suggested that we could fight battles over those things in the basement of the white house if and when we ever ended up there. at the time, of course, the idea that we would end up there was fairly farfetched. but we did end up in the white house and once we got there, the differences began to surface. and in part because the various constituencies could surface them. and in part because many were not sufficiently socialized into the movement that buckley had formed. in the early days, this hadn't been a problem. we argued the issues and we came to accommodationist solutions. we took all of these things into consideration and we go

and that's what i'm talking about because it was more a little thing than a philosophical thing. and a movement of ideas, i mean, this doesn't just take place among conservatives. think of the communist world. by the time the soviet union collapsed, the communist party was like the rotary club, more dangerous than the rotary club, but to find -- you would have been hard pressed to find a communist in that party. they were there because they got jobs. they were because that was how you succeeded. it was a key to get into various places and the like. and at its worst description was a bunch of thugs but there was no faith there. everybody as the soviet empire collapsed had their moment when they realized it was really over. my home came and it exemplifies this and if you remember in rumania ceausescu ordered his troops to fire on his citizens. they did and then the general who carried out the order committed suicide because in order to perpetrate the inhumanity that the communists perpetrated the people who did it had to believe in something. they had to believe they weren't just k

and he writes a lot of very complex philosophical and economic works. this book was not one of those, and it was available on the street. and, um, the guy leaned in and he said, you know, "so how's that one doing?" and he said, "oh, it's very good." >> hinojosa: ( laughing ) >> so, you know, i'm goingo go wait to get the reviews now from the street kids. >> hinojosa: so why, after having spent six years in india, and it's... i mean, look, it's a booming economy. i mean, in terms of growth, it's the place to be. so why come back to the united states that is struggling economically, that is struggling in terms of our own identity? why come back? >> two things to say about that. one, i think we overblow the extent to which everything's over for america. we drastically overblow this. and all you need to do is go to a place like india or china to see this. because you have to separate certain areas where america genuinely is in trouble from areas where it's not. if you're trying to make software, america is in trouble. there are a lot of people who can do it

and i've gotten ribbing from friends of mine with philosophical similarities about why it was okay in 2009? it is because we were on the edge of the abyss. >> let me ask you one thing. so the bailout was to keep general motors from going bankrupt, right? >> i think the rescue was done to save the entire american auto industry from going out of business. >> all right. so the market would be the market. the industry bears on its own. professor, the length of the gm bankruptcy, how many days? >> i don't remember exactly. it is like 30 to 60 days from beginning to end. >> so one of the biggest bankruptcy cases ever is solved

heard from governors, we have heard from glenn beck and amazing speakers and now hearing from a philosopher to use slides. right? so, you know, that's where the basic story. but i honestly felt like something important was supposed to happen here in weekend. a couple of weeks ago i had given a speech and lost my voice right after and didn't have a voice several days and then last tuesday, i threw out my back could barely stand so i had to get medicines and spent two days at summit industries in colorado spring where is the fires were and i thought there's so much opposition. i feel like i have to get down to colorado. and i got to tell you. the energy in this room is spectacular. i spend most of my time in seattle in the city and so you can imagine if you're sort of conservative christian in seattle if you don't get out to things like this frequently you start to think maybe i'm the one that's crazy. but this book "indivisible" what we want to do in it is in the title. james robison and i are convinced that conservatives if we learn to work together and learn to think together and commit ou

he boldly asked the questions that philosophers long ago abandoned and which science now is left to try to answer. >> rose: you like the big questions, don't you? >> well, when you only have several years left of your life, ask them now or never. >> rose: social conquest of earth, edward o. wilson, e o. wilson of harvard. one of my favorites. >> rose: i am pleased to have dr. eric kandel back at this table where he comes frequently, welcome. >> nice of you to have me here. >> rose: the age of insight, why call it the age of insight? >> in the 1900 was a very special period, at the end of the 1900s in which our view of human kind was altered. before that, there was a view of human beings as being essentially rational creatures, specially created by god, this is the view of the enlightenment, it would be different from all other animal species, and then darwin came along and documented how we evolved from simple ancestors, and made us realize that there is a continuity in evolution, and the viennese extended this to pointing out that the human mind is also complicated and not completely r

collaborative process among leaders in this city to don't agree on everything and have some strong philosophical disagreements. there is a very strong measure, raising more revenue than some are comfortable with. but it gets the job done. i am a appreciative of this effort and what they have put into this. i look forward to supporting this. i hope that the supervisor gets the answers to his questions and he supports this -- supports this as well. >> i want to say that my comments are not meant to take anything away from the work that has been done. and i don't think that whatever happens has to do with maturity. this is about the substance of what is before us. i look forward to this discussion, and again, i think that, to me, this is one of the most important matters that we will be deciding on. this is something we have spoken about for years, from the moment i was elected we were talking about the need for more revenue in the system. we want to make sure that we do this the right way. this is how i am trying to approach this. >> unless there is further discussion, i think the order of motions

and now you're going to hear from a philosopher who is going to use slides, right? that's sort of the basic story. i honestly felt like something important was supposed to happen here this weekend. a couple weeks ago i had given a speech and lost my voice right after that and didn't have a voice for several days. that finally worked its way out. and then last tuesday, just before i was to come down here, i threw out my back. i could barely stand. i spent two days down at summit ministries earlier in the week in colorado springs with a the fires were. i thought gosh, there is so much opposition. i feel like i have to get down to colorado. and i got to tell you. the energy in this room is spectacular. i spend most of my time in seattle right in the city. and so you can imagine if you're a conservative christian in seattle. if you don't get out to things like this frequently, you start to think well maybe i'm the one that is crazy, you know. but this book "indivisible," what we want to do in it is actually in the title. james robison and i are convinced that conservati

the philosophical side are even more complicated and they may be the most difficult. i find myself very deeply conflicted but to talk about the technical side how could we do it? there are broad class of problems that we all run into. and there divided into problems insider sell them between herself in the nucleus and outside and too many sells here and a problem called cross linking with the machinery sticks together to make us more rigid and why hours scan gets rankled and is not as flexible as a used to be. new can do something cosmetically about the more serious problems the cross links we don't see the wrinkles. >>host: is their work being done? >> yes. there are enzymes that could go through your body but the trouble is those scissors can not necessarily tell the bad from the good so they are not specific enough. if you teach them where you may have useful medical to wall. >>host: one more example of the technical side, . >>guest: if you look where the energy comes from the moller killer factories are called mitochondria. them mitochondria are scattered with you

the spartans are beloved of almost all philosophers and preferred the spartans.u can go down the list of athenians they are spartans, spartans, spartans and they win generally. they are orderly, disciplined, had strong moral code and the athenians, business people. really, business people. merchants, women. yack adey -- they let women talk in public. they let foreigners lived there. in fact aristotle -- because he is not an athenian. so there are very important foreigners living in athens, the green cardholders if you will. so they allow the green cardholders. they didn't have any obvious national purpose. there was no state educational system, unlike in sparta. it was all private. what kind of civilization is that but as andrew coates and, one of my colleagues at the institute, a wonderful book on the history of education, he says while let's think about it. athens does not have a state educational system. it's all in the market. they are going around selling their instruction for money. and sparta has essentially planned educational systems. so let's just talk

i saw an interview and he's quoting philosophers.and you can read and read philosophy, rambling off the top of your head, he is done. >> eric: out with you. >> bob: talk like this? >> greg: more important to read philosophy than political -- >> bob: read "playboy" not philosophy. >> greg: i'm just saying it's healthier to read philosophers than >> dana: he showed aptitude to be a great speaker. we love great speakers. >> eric: i just now realized -- >> bob: let me repeat. >> eric: when you did that. >> bob: what? >> eric: he is erkel. >> bob: the kid ought to read "penthouse" and "playboy" at 13. >> kimberly: that is not good advice. >> bob: great stories. >> greg: it's a coincidence that his attention as the fox faded so his politics? nobody calling so he became a liberal. that happens a lot. coming um, gandhi, mandela, gutfeld. all people protest for worthy cause. now add post offices to the list. if you leave now you won't get any more long-winded postcards from my aunt ellen. ♪ ♪ while some fiber ads use super models, metamucil u

philosophical argument, bob. not about obama. it's about a greater idea.s about how the government education complex has come to rule intelligenceia. >> dana: somebody else commented, republican candidate governor mitt romney. take a listen. >> barack obama attempt to denigrate and diminish the achievement of the individual, diminishes us all. we all of course recognize the power of all of us working together. we're united nation. he defines us. he tries to divide america. tear america apart. he tries to diminish those who have been successful in one walk of life or another. it's simply wrong. >> dana: okay. bob is not commenting but he is groaning. i don't think he liked that. >> bob: i'm sorry, i just got yelled at in my ear. it can't k not dignify this with a comment. >> bob: we dignify -- >> bob: no, you don't. >> greg: i sit here and i take public -- >> bob: if you would like me to -- if it will bother anybody to say this is marxist and bill ayers does our foreign policy. and i mean -- >> that is not what i said, bob. that is not what i said. >> bob:

initially, when i tried to do, peter, was create an alternative to the popular book the worldly philosophers. it's such a great title. it is a story of the great economic thinkers starting with adam smith and covering karl marx and john maynard keynes and all those people. his favorite economists were all very pro-government activists, whatever you want to call them. my perspective is more, i wanted a more balanced approach. so i wanted to highlight one of the free-market thinkers, and what their role was. the heroic figure in my book is adam smith, the founder of modern economics. so i discovered by making adam smith the central character of my book and the theme of natural liberty, i was able to actually tell a story. this book is actually a story with a plot, how adam smith and the system of natural liberty are treated over time. how they come over under attack and how they are resurrected and brought back to life and even improved upon so it is really a unique, i think i've done something very unique. in this textbook is popular because i make it a historic story, the character triumphs

i fundamentally disagree with him philosophically.e hard-put to find any democratic president that i've disagreed with more than barack obama. >> reporter: really? worse than jimmy carter, in your perspective? >> yes. >> reporter: it's cheney who's come under wire as architect of the iraq war but he accused obama of blowing it in the middle east. >> i think obama's made big mistakes. i look for example at the middle east situation today. it seems to be growing increasingly chaotic. we've got ongoing conflict in syria where thousands of people have died. there's continuing problems in iraq. i look at what the obama administration's done and it's basically head for the exits. with respect to afghanistan, you know, we're in a similar situation now. it's tough. it's hard. it's difficult. i know the public's tired of conflict. but if we turn our backs and walk away, we're just headed for trouble down the road eventually. and this administration is not in a position, frankly, to do anything about it because nobody trusts him. >> reporter: d

. >> her flight kam companion was rather philosophical about the whole thing. >> things happen on takeoff before you get up in the air than any time in the air. >> no passengers were injured and virgin did rebook those passengers on a separate flight on a different plane. they offered a travel voucher for future travel. >>> pentagon announced that two northern california soldiers lost their lives late last week in afghanistan. a first lieutenant was killed by an ide and he was 23 years old. benjamin plates died a day later. no words on his death were released. >> the grad student involved in the massacre was charged with murder and 160 sounts of attempted murder. two murder counts for each of the 12 people including, include murder with deliberation and extreme indifference. both carry the death penalty. several spectators wore batman t-shirts to the hearing. it happened july 20th at the midnight premiere in the city of aurora. >>> oakland police hope an unusual wallet will help them lead to a killer. a picture of one thousand peso note is on the outside of the wallet. the mechanic had ar

this is philosophical difference we have in america. the philosophical difference is there are some people that want to say it's not equality of opportunity, it's about equality of achievement. two different things. it says, we are going to say how far you can go and what we will provide for you you. that is the difference between economic freedom and economic dependence. when i went back to my old neighborhood i saw a shell of my neighborhood. families that have been destroyed. i saw dependency. i saw victimization that was totally different when i grew up. that the seminal question we have to ask ourselves. as we go forward are we going to have people that understand the american dream and reflect our principles and values that ever to make sure that everyone with whatever parameters they want to live that american dream. >> who the first time voters here, first presidential race. you are the youngest. >> i like your story. its true american story. i think one of the things that has ruined our politics is rhetoric. i think for a congr

books and articles, the first major steam engine engine, david hume, the father philosopher of the amendment died, george washington crossing the delaware. not just washington. fight them working on backed as well as a few other projects. i love books, teaching, and freedomfest. i can see what is happening in the world. >>host: we have been talking with mark skousen at freedomfest his book "the making of modern economics" the lives and ideas of the great thinkers." thank you for being on booktv. >>host: the book currently on your erse screen several weeks on "the new york times" new york best seller list ed klein it is our guest and the title is the amateur. where did you get to the title? >> the president august 2011 invited his wife, daughter chelsea and friends to meet with him. he had then a secret poll that showed it hillary clinton vin would challenge obama for the nomination in 2012 he thought she could win and she was surprised. she said how could i do this? i have lunch with the man every thursday. what about loyalty? he said there is no word of loyalty in politics. he said the peop

this is a question of philosophers have explored over the ages. time after time, this