rodgers: i reserve. the speaker pro tempore: reserves. mr. pallone: i reserve, mr.peaker, until we close. the speaker pro tempore: the gentleman from new jersey reserves. the gentlelady from washington. mrs. rodgers: thank you, mr. speaker. i'm pleased to yield to the lady from texas, one minute, monica de la cruz. the speaker pro tempore: the gentlelady is recognized. ms. della krus: i -- ms. de la cruz: i rise in support of the oil and natural gas workers in south texas. this bill is a crucial step in holding china accountable and repositioning the united states as a global energy leader. it is essential that we recover our energy independence and stand up for texas' workers who have unfairly suffered as a result of this administration's misguided policies that have emboldened regimes like china and venezuela's narco dictatorship. the decision to prioritize foreign energy over our own puts american workers over our industries -- puts american workers, our industries, and our country at a disadvantaged. protecting american energy will strengthen both our economic a

so, i'll speak to the general reserve of general fund money, the rainy day reserve which was passed by the charter, in the charter a number of years ago, the budget stabilization reserve which is an additional reserve that was passed by ordinance in a financial policy by the board of supervisors in order to augment the rainy day reserve because it's very unlikely and difficult to withdraw from the rainy day reserve and then we have a couple of incentive reserves, both a citywide one and one specific to the recreation and park department, and then on the expenditure side, there are a number of voter approved expenditure requirements, index to either general fund revenues or other tax revenues or specific service or staffing requirements. with respect to the city's general reserve, it was the reserve policy was passed by the board in april of 2010, and that was subsequent to a charter amendment that we refer to as budget reform that also brought us the two year budget financial policies as well as additional reserves, and the purpose of this general fund reserve is to absorb a year-end r

the average reserve officer has 7 years, as a reserve our most experienced reserve officer has 21 years and our least has one year.1 year. they speak many languages. the four females are broken down to two chinese, one hispanic, one white. our 22 males are 9 white, 6 asian, 2 middle east earn and japanese. very small cadre of reserves. so who are these people and what do they do? well, i'm proud to announce they are sales managers, security officer, a sheriff, real estate banker, a public outreach coordinator and institution police officer, biotech researcher, oral surgeon, airline pilot, san francisco firefighter, investment banker, electrical supervisor, janitor, and an attorney. we have a wide variety that make-up our reserve officer program. where do they reside? they reside in the greater bay area anywhere from stockton to san mateo to san francisco. there is an organization called the cal reserve peace officer association. in california it had 184 members and down to 5486. many of our reserves are associated with the peace officers association. in terms of deployment, the reserve

force reserve. i welcome all of you distinguished general officers to be witnessestoday and thank each of you for your service . before i turned over to the testimony i'd like to recognize theranking member mister calvert for a brief remark . >> in the interest of time now keep my remarks brief but i want to welcome the second panel, particularly those appearing before us for the first time. just as with the guard our reserve has been quite busy this year as they contribute to covid-19. i mentioned hearing more needs about your services and what we as a subcommittee can do to help so with that i will yield back. >> thank you mister calvert. i'm going to ask you to please go through your testimony in the order in which i introduce and we will start with thechief of the army reserve . >> ranking member calvert, distinguished members of the committee on behalf of the 200,000 schools of the reserve, thank you for the opportunity to appear before you today and for your continued support towards families.

purchases supply reserves. sales reduce reserves. reserves are the basis for expanding loans and therefore expanding money and credit. very important activity. pumping so much money into the economy did not lead to inflation because the economy had room to expand and because strict controls were imposed on wages and prices. after the allied victory, the treasury insisted on keeping the same arrangement, and the controversy began. the fed felt they were merely acting as the treasury's agent. it was unclear how long it would continue. as far as the conduct of monetary policy was concerned, the treasury straitjacketed the fed. why were their interests in conflict? as the economy expanded after the war, the demand for credit rose. banks found an opportunity to lend to private companies, individuals, and so on. where will they get the reserves, the cash to do that? sell your government securities. these were very low-yielding-- 2.5%, 2.75% interest. you could lend at 5%-6% to private borrowers. so the banks, insurance companies, others, b

reserve sitting and waiting. we have the vice chair of the federal reserve nominated, sitting ande waiting. we have three people who are not even on the board on the federal reserve yet, sarah bloom raskin and lisa cook and philip jefferson, who are just going to advance and maybe it doesn't matter about the three of them. they are public servants that chose to do this but what does matter is federal reserve board only has four people on it now and i don't know when we are going to fill it because, the erranking member and the other 1 republicans have decided that they don't want to show up and do their job. when we come to the senate, the presiding officer, the junior senator from connecticut knows this, you are not given a little sheet that says here's what you do here. you vote yes, check the box yes, no or i don't think i'm going to work today i'm going to have boycotted the vote. you vote yes or no. they really don't have the right to just decide i'm going to go home and not work today to work on a boycott f

reserve. >> mr. chairman, senator cochran, first of all, it's an honor to be here. thank you for the support you continue to give our soldiers and our nation. on behalf of the 205,000 soldiers in the army reserve that are serving the nation. what i refer to as a national treasure. and i think what epitomizes what the soldiers are all about is the young soldier i brought with me today. so instead of being eloquent in an opening statement and everything. i wanted to introduce him to you. seated to my left is sergeant daniel burgess and his wife janette. he is up from the cleveland area. belongs to a psychological operations unit up there. last year he was in afghanistan, and he was in southern afghanistan attached to the marines. while doing that, he himself stepped on an ied. he lost his leg. severe wounds to the rest of his body. the first thing janette said when she contacted him is i'm not getting out. i'm staying in. today he is down in ft. houston at the warrior training brigade rehabbing so he c

reserve. as the economy recovers, banks can find it profitable to be more aggressive in lending which in turn would produce stronger growth and leave -- and lead ultimately to inflationary pressures. when the time comes to tighten policy, he must either substantially reduce balances or if they remain, neutralize the potential effects on broader measures of money and credit and thus on aggregate demand and inflation. to some extent, excess reserves will automatically contract. as i have already noted, the amount of credit outstanding, short-term lending to financial institutions has already declined substantially from about $1.50 trillion at the beginning of the year to about $350 billion today. reserves can be reduced by about $100 billion to $200 billion in the next two years as reserves mature or are repaid. even if our balance sheet stays large for a while, we have two broad means of tightening policy. paying interest on reserve balances and taking various actions to reduce the stop of rese

the reservation. everybody understood the creeks were at a reservation. i think that was the sense in which the court was using the term. justice gorsuch? counsel, weuch: have heard a little bit about it today, but i would like to give you a chance to discuss it further. the argument there will be consequencestical from a ruling for your client. we can put a side the criminal convictions, just the difficulties we have heard about in administering tulsa. do you want to respond to that parade of horrible's? and how should it inform the analysis of the interpretation of the statute and the treaty? >> here's what i would say. there will of course be consequences as there are from any ruling, and they are not trivial. they are not existential or overly syrians, but more important they are the consequences that habit routinely in indian country. they are routinely resolved by agreement in oklahoma, and as theout the nation experience of tacoma indicates. these are routinely addressed by congress. with respe

now, moving on to the reserves, contingency reserves, we have the rainy day reserve, which was approved back in november 2003, and in this, deposits were made in years when the general fund growth exceeded 5%. it is nice to think back to that time. it actually rose to be over $100 million before the latest downturn. we project that the general fund revenues will be less than the previous year, and, by the way, this looks at total general fund revenues, not just the discretionary that we looked at in the past, so there is an impact here in terms of what we are able to withdraw, with federal and state, and they also have an impact elsewhere. it triggers a deposit. so under the terms of that reserve, the budget may appropriate up to 50% of the balance but no more than the shortfall compared to the prior year to the general fund of the city and up to 25% to the school district, which is discretionary on the part of the board. the school district does not automatically have the right to withdraw that. that is a decision by the board. the school district actually started to be able to withdra

most of the commissions when they had a reserve policy, had 10 to 25 percent was set as a reserve amount. and some of them made note that that was a goal, and because they had started with nothing and were trying to work their way up for us it ko actually be the reis reis heser and we have more and it will be working our way down to it and so that will be an impact if we should do this because we will be making sure that we are keeping that money set aside and not spending it, unless there is a direct action with the understanding that they are drawing out of that reserve fund and need to build that fund back up to get it to the proper amount in order to be in that commission's policies should we adopt something today. and one issue that i think that i did find and one of the commissions and i incorporated the language in our, for the purposes of the language, although that you can remove it if you so desire, and one of them, that specifically acknowledged that the staff, when they leave have things that are cost and associated with that, and such as the pay out and the vacation time and

is a reserve that covers losses that occur in a single fiscal year, stabilization reserves are intended to really help the city through the economic cycles and we have two of these, and former supervisor tom amiano proposed and adopted a rainy day reserve for the city in 2004. and that gets fed with extraordinary revenue growth during the good times and gets drawn on when the revenues decline, and then five years ago we established a secondary stabilization reserve that compliments that which we called, very cleverry the budget stabilization reserve. those two reserves together, get fed during good times and get drawn down by the city to mitigate the cuts in bad times, our current balance between the two reserves, given our audited financial close for the last physical year comes to 192 million dollars, or about 4.8 percent of revenues. and so here are the few of a challenges that we see five years into the new policy, we have two of them. and as it relates to the reserve we think that it is too flexible, once we reach the two percent cap you are required to maintain that two percent ca

chief of the navy reserve. lieutenant general -- commander of the marine corps reserve. and the lieutenant general of the air force reserve. i welcome all of you. distinguish general officers to be witnesses today. and thank each of you for your service. before i turn to the testimony i would like to recognize the ranking member for a brief remark. >> thank you, chairman mccollum. in the interest of time i will keep my remarks brief but i would like to welcome our second petals of esteemed witnesses, those appearing before us for the first time. just as with the guard, our reserve deployments have been busy this year. they serve tartans -- tirelessly to contribute to covid-19. i am adjusted to hear more about the needs facing each of your services. and what is -- we can do to help it with that, madam chair, i will yield back. chairwoman mccollum: so, i want to ask you to please, give your testimony in the order in which i introduce and we will start with the chief of the army reserve. >> on behalf of the 200,000 members -- from the me reserve, thank you for the opportuni

roy: reserve. the speaker pro tempore: the gentleman reserves. the gentleman from missouri is recognized. mr. smith: i yield 30 seconds to the gentlelady from washington, ms. delbene. the speaker pro tempore: the gentlelady is recognized. ms. delbene next the tax bill we are considering contains several wins for families and our economy. it would still leave behind millions of kids in families that need it most. democrats offered a slugs proven to cut child poverty in half, unfortunately, republicans rejected it. i'll still continue leading the effort to fully expand the child tax credit, invest in our children and lift up families. while today's bill isn't perfect it does include policies i've championed including the largest expansion of the low-income housing tax credit in decades. i urge my colleagues to support this bill. i yield back. the speaker pro tempore: the gentleman reserves. the gentleman from texas. mr.ry: may i inquire how much time remaining? the speaker pro tempore: the gentleman has 2 minutes. mr. roy: reserve. the speaker pro

the gentlelady reserves. mrs. rodgers: i reserve. the chair: the gentleman from new jersey is recognized. mr. pallone: i have another speaker. i yield, mr. chairman, two minutes to a member of the energy and commerce committee, the gentleman from florida. the chair: the gentleman is recognized. mr. soto: thank you, mr. speaker. i'm amazed to see for hours republicans arguing against president biden lowering gas prices. that's simply fascinating to me. president biden was well within his authority and the law he utilized to draw down oil from our strategic reserve. the law is there to help prevent disruption. there is a war in ukraine. we rightfully banned russian oil together. that's a disruption. and president biden acted. maybe you all didn't like that. but he acted and that resulted in savings for american families of $1.69 per gallon since the peak price. what are you all talking about? now compare president trump who used the strategic reserve to help pay for the g.o.p. tax scam for the rich. let me get this straight. republican

we have national parks , nature reserves, natural monuments, but there is only one natural reserve, and difference from other natural areas. this is exactly the same regime and status of protection , absolutely the entire territory is a protected area, where almost any economic activity is prohibited, beyond with some exceptions, it is forbidden to be unaccompanied by a reserve employee. and outside, a special route is set. here you can’t, like a national park, for example, come for a walk around the territory yourself , breathe in the air, watch the birds, enjoy this beauty, but you can’t go fishing. just pick mushrooms. and this is allowed only for local residents and those living in our accommodation facilities under special outstanding permits and in allocated areas. the rest is forbidden , our employees work, the forest guard is on on the territory of the reserve, we have nine forestries that actually protect the forest fund and carry out forest pathological activities, that is, it is the identification of disease centers of some other negative natural factors, such as forest snowf

reserve. want to see it. a distinctive feature of the berezinsky reserve, in addition to the fact that everything here looks like it did thousands of years ago, is that four ecosystems coexist here at the same time. these are dense forests of the river, luga and the famous belarusian swamps, which occupy 60% of the entire territory. and there are many crystal lakes. so if the reserve was not called berezinsky and it could be safely called a lake. and how are you understand all this needs the highest protection. the reserve is a protected natural area of ​​the highest rank. however, get here. maybe every tourist just needs to meet a couple of conditions, firstly register at the entrance. secondly, you must have an escort. and leisurely walks alone with pets and picking mushrooms and berries. otherwise, you can forget otherwise the fine and considerable so that it’s better to register right away and get rid of unnecessary headaches, and all this happens in the village house of the priestess of t

the first draft of the federal reserve act it bankers in the federal reserve board chosen by bankers and william james brian who really had gotten wilson his nomination and was secretary of state because of that was very poplar among democrats said that was wrong. he said the people on it ought to be public servants and all of them should be appointed by the president and threatened to resign and that would have taken down the bill but the wilson administration because brian was poplar. wilson went to a famous advisor later, lewis brandice, and he said i am in a pickle. and he said you have in a pickle. brian is right. this is a public entity and he said you should nominate them and that is what happened. >> thank you for the time this evening. this is more personal than professional. but as someone who has been steeped in the federal reserve and the history current, present and future. do you have any book reviews as a student? something that you have read other than your own publication that you think would be a wise read for the current political and economic crisis or situation?

in europe, all of the banks had their reserves in this central reserve. in america, each bank kept its own reserve. when i say reserve i mean rainy day money and extra money. when i say kept their own they would keep it nathaniel philbrick vault or a bigger bank down the block. a bank in tacoma might have kept some reserves in a bank in seattle and a bank in seattle might have kept their reserves in a bank in san francisco. but the bank in tacoma would call in the bank to seattle and the bank in seattle would go to san francisco and you willed you would sometimes get a panic. this would happen every fall whether the harvest season came in every farming community and back then they were half the population of the united states. the farming communities needed cash to pay the field hand, finance the equipment and all of that. cash would drain dra drain out cities and there would be panning. rates in new york city would go up a hundred percent sometimes. he saw this happening and was absolutely astonished. i want to take you to an episode that shows his react

on reserves. the congress granted the federal reserve that authority in 2006 to become effective in 2011 however in the fall of 2008 the congress moved up the effective date to october 2008. having authority to pay interest on excess reserves means the federal reserve influence the federal funds rate and other short-term interest rates regardless of the amount of excess reserves in the banking system. the mechanics of the new framework are straightforward. banks will generally only provide short-term funding in an interest rate around or above what they could earn at the fed. as a result the federal reserve raised the rate of their short-term lending rates would likely rise as well. the new approach for raising short-term interest rates was working well. since december 2015 we have raised the interest rate paid on excess reserves and the target range for the federal funds rate by 100 basis points and the effective federal funds rate has risen accordingly. in light of our recent decision to start r

all the banks had the sentra reserve. in america each bank kept its reserves. rainy day money, extra money. it keeps them in the ball where they might put them in a bigger bank to pay higher interest down the block. a brink into, might've kept its reserves at the bank in seattle and the bank in seattle might've kept its reserves in the bank in san francisco. both system and backup. the bank into, what colin money from seattle. and you would get this money tightness symptoms of panic throughout the area and sometimes throughout the country. this is what happened to some extent, every fall when the harvest season came and back then farming communities held more than half the population in the united states. they were a big part of the economy. they would need cash to fund the harvest, finance equipment, green houses, all of that. cash would drain out of the cities. rates in new york would go up to 100% sometimes. paul warburg saw this very after he immigrated to the united states than was absolutely his amish beard i went to take you now to an episode that shows

banks now holding more than 1.1 trillion dollars of reserves with federal reserve banks. a range of evidence suggests that these purchases and the associated creation of bank reserves have helped improve conditions in mortgage markets and other private credit markets and put downward pressure on longer term private borrowing rates and spreads. at its meeting last week the fomc maintained target range federal funds rate 0-1-4th percent and continues to anticipate economic conditions including low rates of row source utilization subdued inflation trends and stable inflation expectations are likely to warrant exceptionally low level of the federal funds rate for extended period. in due course however as the expansion matures the federal reserve will need to begin to tighten monetary condition to prevent the development of inflationary pressures. the federal reserve has a number of tools that will enable it to afirm the stance of policy at the appropriate time. most importantly in october 2008 the congress gave the federal reserve statutory authority to pay interest on balanc

it created a federal reserve system.ugh its real operating powers resided in 12 regionalanks, its official headquarters was in washington, d.c. merritt sherman, active with the fed since 1926, describes one of its early tools to regulate banking activity-- the discount rate. that was the first tool used whenhe fed was created, the discount rate being the rate that is charged to member banks when they need to come in toet additional reserves. and it is raised to restrain their borrowing, lowered to encourage their borrowing. through world war i, through the roaring twenties, most and went about the stheir business. then one day, it all came tumbling down. october 24, 1929, the greatest stock market crash in history marked the beginning of years of economic devastation. banks failed by e thousands. the fed failed its major test. we asked economist lester chandler for an explation. professor chandler,the fed was p to prevent bank failures and avoid depressions, all of whichappened in the 1930s. what went wrong? within the f

do you take this obligation freely without any mental reservation or personal hesitation and that you will well and faithfully discharge the office upon which you are about to enter so help you god? congratulations. [inaudible conversations] [inaudible conversations] [inaudible conversations] . >> please raise your right hand do you solemnly swear you will support the constitution of the united states, against enemies foreign and domenstic, do you swear faith and allegiance to the same. do you take this obligation freely without any mental reservation or purpose of invasion, and that you will well and faithfully discharge the office upon which you are about to enter, so help you god?. >> i do. >> congratulations [inaudible c [inaudible conversations] [inaudible conversations] [inaudible conversations] [inaudible conversations] [inaudible conversations] . >> thank you. it is my honor. [inaudible conv [inaudible conversations] please raise your right ha nd. do you solemnly swear you will support the constitution of the united states, against enemies foreign and domestic, do you swear fa

affairs rest in the reserve. the army cannot do what they do without us. that transformation has been hugely successful. i will tell you why. it is not the leaders of. -- leadership i have given. it is the dedication our soldiers have given. soldiers after in the reserve today either have joined or reenlisted while the nation is at war. they know what they have signed up for. this culture says i am joining to do something to serve my country. i am not doing this to be a weekend warrior. the challenge we guy is how do we keep them? it is critical that we have the right training, and the right equiping comment to make sure we retain that force and keep them ready. we're not that predicting the future. we do not know where the next conflict will be. the army is like to have to call upon us on short notice to get there and get into the operations to sustained combat operations. that is why things like the ngra is so critical. it is the fed's ability to buy equipment i need now that is the program -- gives me the flex

, and we have balance reserves for today.the documents for about a quarter of a century of work, russia has gold, it can produce in the volume in which we mine about 330 tons of gold per year. 50 years, and this is obtaining resources in order to develop further, humanity urgently needs something to be reliable, this something remains, land, real estate, gold, not without reason in all languages, gold and foreign exchange reserves, that's what they call gold and foreign exchange reserves, so i am very much in favor of such serious attention to the gold mining industry for its active... support, development, and i believe that here god has given us, well, objectively, some of the strongest trump cards in world. figure skater vladislav torasenko, since the fall of 22, has been performing combat missions here in the zaporozhye direction, we... are all the same here, we do the same work, the same tasks, deadlift, my record is 285, i couldn’t sit still because i was in normal form, well, salamata, alone, it happened that they reco

they would tighten conditions in the reserve market and the cost of obtaining reserves in the market, the federal funds rate, would rise. other market interest rates would increase accordingly. after the crisis however, reserves are plentiful because the federal reserve funded its large-scale asset purchases by adding reserves to the system. crediting the bank accounts of those who are selling assets to the feds. in light of the decision not to sell the longer-term securities reserves are likely to remain plentiful for the foreseeable future. consequently when the time came to remove accommodations, key question was how to raise the federal funds rate in an environment of abundant reserves. an important part of the answer came in the federal reserve's authority to pay interest on access reserves. congress granted the federal reserve set authority in 2006 to become effective in 2011. in the fall of 2008, congress moved up the effective date until october 2008. having authority to pay interest on excess reserves means the federal reserve can influence the federal funds rate and other sh

that live on the reservation. the other thing that you get aside from how they are offered in the best of intentions and how the regulations are being promulgated in the best interest is this question about money and i think that the line you certainly hear from the leadership of the tribe and sometimes the officials is that they are underfunded. it is a question of if only we had another grant program, another federal obligation whether it is for housing or schools or health programs then we would be able to fix all of this and increasingly what was interesting as i talk to american indians on the reservations particularly those that were older, i felt like they had heard this line over the years a lot and felt like the next program around but then was going to be the one that saved them. they have become quite cynical about the possibility because they've seen the money come in either there is a great deal of corruption on the reservations and the money didn't go to where it was promised for it did go where it w

purchases supply reserves. sales reduce reserves. reserves are the basis for expanding loans and therefore expanding money and credit. very important activity. pumping so much money into the economy did not lead to inflation because the economy had room to expand and because strict controls were imposed on wages and prices. after the allied victory, the treasury insisted on keeping the same arrangement, and the controversy began. the fed felt they were merely acting as the treasury's agent. it was unclear how long it would continue. as far as the conduct of monetary policy was concerned, the treasury straitjacketed the fed. why were their interests in conflict? as the economy expanded after the war, the demand for credit rose. banks found an opportunity to lend to private companies, individuals, and so on. where will they get the reserves, the cash to do that? sell your government securities. these were very low-yielding-- 2.5%, 2.75% interest. you could lend at 5%-6% to private borrowers. so the banks, insurance companies, others, b

the air force reserve is engaged today, employs for the future wir the right mix of guard, reserve and active components we can support the presidential reversibility plan, contribute to the nation's economic recovery and ensure the security of our nation and its interests. mr. chairman, members of the committee, senator cochran, i am honored to have served the last four years of chief of the air force reserve and commander of the air force reserve commanded. i sincerely appreciate this committee's endurance and support and stand ready to respond to your questions. thank you. >> thank very much. may i now call upon general stultz. during your tenure as chief of the army reserve, you were calmed upon to transform the reserve from strategic to operational. can you give us an update of where you are at this moment? and, also, how you think your operational reserve can be used in afghanistan? >> yes, sir. coming into this job six years ago, which i only planned to stay for four, that was really the task i had at hand is, how can you transform the reserve from a strategic footing to an oper

we reserve. >> the gentleman reserves. the gentleman from new york. >> madame speaker, i yield one minute to the gentleman from california, mr. aguilar. >> the gentleman is recognized for one minute. >> thank you, madame speaker. on january 3 we stood on this floor and swore an oath against enemies foreign and domestic. three days later that was put to the test when a violent mob tried to break down those doors. to stop us from performing our constitutional duty. this mob was not without a leader. on that day, the president told told him to walk to this capital, 16 blocks from where he stood. they br radicalized by his lies and conspiracy theories he spent months fueling, many of which i heard on this floor the last week. he needed to say only two words to end the violence, i concede , because that's what leaders do in a democracy. because that's what we do in the united states. they put politics aside and put country first. and as i look to our colleagues on the other side, i wonder how many of them will demonstrate that

reserves, the litigation reserve and the -- benefits reserve and we continue to stay to the board of supervisors that there is the potential of reallocation of 3-10 minute dollars in those two reserves based on prior experiences and projections to the best that we know them today. >> thank you. >> supervisor breed? >> supervisor breed: just two quick questions for clarification. i know that there are a lot of different funds and in this particular case is this where reserves are kept for potential litigation? >> to the controller. >> supervisor breed, the two reserves that mr. rose mentioned, one, the litigation reserve to handle comparatively small dollar value settlements. it is historically budgeted around 9 million dollars. we are doing a review of our spending of the 11 1/2 month mark and we do expect to see savings this year in the litigation reserve, and we will provide that to the board on an update to the board later today. the second reserve, the salary and benefits reserve is also reserve budgeted annually by the mayor and the board to account for mou related expenses that

we continue to invest within the navy reserve for selective reserve tuition assistance, recognizing the benefit that it provides our sailors. the navy is a technical force. it benefits the individual, but it is a selfish -- they need that ongoing education to handle all of the amazing systems that we are developing. >> we used to say, we are competing for the same resources to recruit against the marine corps, the navy, and the army. now we are recruiting against meta-, google and others. >> the $4500 we use -- spend on tuition assistance rightly impacts our ability to recruit and retain. >> thank you mr. chairman. thank you all, thank you for your service, thank you on behalf of the state of alaska. we appreciate our reserve and our national guard service members and civilians. they provide extraordinary support to us and the state, and to the country. we have continued success with inpatient readiness training. certainly when it comes to homeland defense, missile defense, air refueling. combat search and rescue, strategic airlift, there are so much. we are very grateful. i am very pro

reserve?it sounds like it's established as you say here to project budget shortfalls along the federal state stimulus funds. after we utilized all of our state and federalstimulus funds ? when do we anticipate those being gone ? >> our latest five year funding forecast boards budget analyst and mayor's budget office was prepared in march projects as we know a modest surplus for the next two fiscal years and then a budget gap beginning in year three and year for. those forecasted shortfalls in the years and four of the forecast are largely due to the fact that it's about that time that we spend it on various federal revenue sources so that's part of what striving. >> what fiscal year is back, is that 2324 2425? >> the two-year surplus we're projecting is for the coming fiscal year 2223 2324. the gas that are protected opened up in 2425. >> so it's then just again to put a fine point on it, it's prudent to keep carrying those dollars forward for the next two years to understand better the next s

plane of the reserve. well w. bush who wherever you can get from any spray or small river border to hear more from a bit about the soul fits from drinking and. international rafting competitions take place on the belle i river every year the route his extreme rapids a near impossible to clear. blue to be soon which brightened moon about sun from fans to christians. who threw stones on t.v. dot com. download the official antti application on the phone all i pod touch from the store. what geology should life on the go. video on demand parties my blog costs and already feeds now in the palm of your. question on the ati dot com. a cargo helicopter flies through a mountain coach before it reaches the weather station and to go good his situation . the mountains of the caucuses nature is as an altitude of more than two thousand units is above sea level it is the optimised station in the western caucuses it's total square is two hundred maybe two thousand head to our reserves the only one in russia that occupies the terri

marine corps reserve. general.ss: chairman tester ranking , member collins and distinguished members of the subcommittee, it's great to be here with you today to share of public conversation with everyone behind me. congress has been a good partner to us as a service as we have been in love this historic inflection point to evolve the marine corps in order to meet the threats that we've been directed to meet. and hopefully my comments today were vital little extra context -- will provide extra context about what the marine corps reserve has done to meet those demands. time is what i want to emphasize. this is a time-sensitive task that we have been given by you and by the department of defense and by the combatant commanders to evolve quickly in order to first deter and then if necessary, meet threats. what have we done about that to meet that need, with your help? i want to talk about a couple of things specifically. first, the lens through which we see the world. we focus on the marines first, right? the all-volu

when elizabeth says there is problems at the federal reserve, there are the federal reserve system, the governors, that you guys you were talking about in trouble for trading. there is the open market committee that screws around with interest rates and there is the federal reserve bank, which if i understand correctly does all of the clearing of monetary transactions in the u.s. if you think back a few years, the ron paul's of the world running around insisting the federal reserve was not an arm of the u.s. government but owned by a shadowy system of the crowned heads of europe. can you as a net -- expert on the federal reserve answer the question? is the federal reserve bank, is it or is it not part of the u.s. government, part of the u.s. monetary system? brian: i am glad you bring this up. we break down the structure of the federal reserve. what i was describing earlier when i said board of governors, that is the head of the system. they have a shiny building on constitution avenue in d.c. and have all of their governors and the chairman all nominated by the white house and confirme

a reservation. they base this argument on our decision in sandoval and creek nation and 1151 itself. and the fact the creeks have always maintained, have been adamant about the fact that they are not reservation indians. you refer of course to the many times in which the treaty is referred to as a reservation but what is your answer to the states analysis of our precedent? >> both the president and the language to support the idea this is not a dependent indian community. what this court said in tranfour and then judge gorsuch said in hydro resources is the dependent indian community label is a catchall for tribes that did not have a reservation and are not on restricted lands. the best evidence of what congress thought about whether creek lands were a reservation under the statute is that congress referred to those lands as a reservation under the statute. with respect to sandoval and the other cases, it is crystal clear that when sandoval and this case is as you can determine the pending indian co

how much do we pay the reserves? >> we do not pay the reserves anything. this is strictly a volunteer program giving back to the city. >> commissioner, turman? >> wow. it's an incredible program. i want to thank you first of all for the tremendous service you do for the city and county of san francisco and on a volunteer basis. you are a fabulous human being. thank you for your work. >> thank you for your terrific presentation and informing us on this on this important component of the department and then i would like to also echo commissioner turman's thanks and to put a face behind the presentation. thank you very much. [ applause ] >> so, welcome lieutenant o'connor to the department. it's nice to see the other officer, i don't want to mispronounce your name back there. it's good to see you from coming from this program into full time position with the department. so, welcome to you as well, officer. so, captain, how many people are like officer smothering who transition from the reserves into full time paid positions? is that somewhat of an objective f

reserves in 20% of known oil and gas reserves. these resources are worth nearly $1.5 trillion or $290,000 per tribal member. tragically, 86% of indian lands with energy or mineral remain undeveloped because of the federal control on the reservation. in order to tap those reserves indians must follow a 49 step process as a pro-legislator explained to me. these steps involve the bureau of land management, debarment of the interior, the permit of justice and the commerce department. it can take months if not years for each step to be approved. just to dig a hole requires a $6500 upfront payment for application for permit to drill. compared to the process just off the reservation which requires $125.05. the bureaucracy that oversees reservations is mind-boggling. the bureau of indian affairs has a total of 9000 employees, that is one employee for every 111 indians on a reservation. as with all bureaucrats they need to find something. one in man i spoke to was trying to purchase land from his neighbor, another indian on which to grade,

the rainy day reserve require us that we deposit to this reserve when our growth exceeds 5%, that's a lot of money in any given year and 5% of the growth over this value would go into the economic stabilization reserve and a quarter of it, 25% would go into a one-time spending, the remainder could go into the city's general fund. so, it is a very difficult threshold because generally because property taxes are single largest revenue source even in the worst years in this past recession, our property tax, the worst it was, it was a little bit over flat, just a little bit of an increase, less than 1%, but because property taxes is our largest revenue, it's infrequent that our revenues in one year would be less than the actual amount received in the prior year. the budget may drop to 50% of what's left in the rainy day reserve but no more than the shortfall of general day revenue and additional withdrawal allowance to up to 25% of the reserve is -- can be done by the san francisco unified school district and it's based on an inflation adjusted per pupil revenue, so as ms. howard said ear