about 20% of rwanda's entire gorilla population.he pablo group, named after the male silverback who used to be in charge. pablo is still around, but another silverback, kansbey, is now the boss. >> that's the silverback. that's the adult male? >> that's the adult male silverback. >> an adult male can weigh about 400 pounds and eats up to 60 pounds of vegetation a day. >> she transferred for one of the tourist group. >> a biologist and director of data and research for the diane fossey foundation, veronica vacelio studies the three research groups. what's the value of having a group that's not a tourist group that's just a research group? >> continuing the research in gorillas is always important. always give a lot of information in terms of population dynamics. >> population dynamics are important, especially since there are only about 720 mountain mountain gorillas left in the wild. and they're smack dab in one of the world's worst conflict zones. even the gorillas seem to know it. you have the congo border, and there's obviously s

the president of rwanda, no less, is the driving force here.ul cagami, the former general who led the rememberet army that a strategist, he hasmç+ac>Ñ calcu that rwanda can leap frog over other countries in africa, by creating a knowledge-based society. that means making the entire country computer literal. >> our goal is to continue raising means and ways to provide all primary school children in rwanda with this important learning tool. >> reporter: when you see the children clicking away, it's hard to believe that most of them don't even have a radio at home. that is the case with bon air and joyce, it was intimidating in the beginning. >> when i first got it, i was afraid, he said. because i thought computers were only used by people who were very intelligent or who had graduated from universities. but now he says, i'm very confident. she says, i was happy at first, but worried, i might break it, and never get another one. and look at them now. >> they discover things -- they are so curious. >> in a short period of time, they've raced way a

rwanda or ethiopia, there you don't want to create a separate structure. you look at aids prevalence, rural versus urban, and decisions get made. i think there is a lot of learning going on. there is the vertical lovers and the quote health system lovers. it is all about taking a particular set of facts and circumstances and coming up with the right approach. country by country, i do see that being done. g.h.i. and i talked a lot about that, and picking a few countries to be model countries and even having some funds that are somewhat unprogrammed that would help them drive those model programs. >> senator, i think you hit on something. we gave a specific example of a general issue that i would urge you to explore with the administration officials when they come, because nobody has got an answer to this, at least

in that sense, our model should probably be rwanda. the rwandan government hopes to receive no foreign assistance by 2020. to give you an idea, this is one thing you can tell our constituents. in 1998, four years after the rwanda genocide, the per-capita income was still only $268 a year, less than a dollar a day. 10 years later, $1,150 a year. there is no other country in the world that quadrupled its per capita income, even from a low base, which shows that this can be done. the haitians had adopted before the earthquake of very ambitious long-term development plan to make the country more self- sufficient. it covered education, economic development, health, the whole range of issues. it required them to modernize their government and open it up and opened the port and airport system. they are sticking with the plan, and putting it the response to the earthquake into that plan to amend it. i believe that we have a real shot to support a successful enterprise there, because they think the same thing you do. they think they have to ret

in rwanda, we helped the government to completely rebuild their system. they finally had a hospital in every region of rwanda for the first time since the genocide. this time they also have a net

in haiti, paul farmer at the un is going to try to do for haiti what we did in rwanda, build a whole system that the government can run. it is against this background that i want to say the following thing. i strongly support the global health initiative. and it is closely related to food security. i think the two things should be possible, supported hand in hand. i think the bill is well conceived. it focuses on developing systems in the 20 countries. it is the next logical step after what we have been doing. it focuses on reducing infectious diseases, increasing access to safe drinking water. it is user friendly. they want to have one place to treat everyone. this is a horrible struggle in many countries. there is an enormous emphasis on newborn and child health -- what they call a new business model of public-private partnerships. it has specific goals and scorekeeping system so you know if you are meeting them. i like all this. i hope you will pass this bill. having said that, i would like to make just a couple of observations and a few very specific recommendations. it is a very

the success of malaria were the target countries are down 50%, including rwanda and zambia. the 4 million people receiving aid treatment that would have died years ago. my favorite statistics is that since 1960 the number of children who die every year has dropped from 20 million to less than 9 million. things like new vaccines deserve a lot of credit for that. the united states is the biggest funder of global health. we deserve a lot of credit for these advances. just over a quarter of the money given for global health comes from this country. and yet in total it represents only point to 5% of the federal budget. as we get the successes to be understood, i think we can get strong support. the image of foreign aid that people had during the cold war, where much of the money was political and there were not controls to measure how the money was spent -- those days are gone, particularly in the health area. we can look at the outcomes. if people do, the conclusion would be inescapable. these investments are the most effective we can make for improving and saving lives. this is

we are in rwanda, jazeera leone, and it said. -- -- sierra leone and nigeria. we are very proud of the developments we have a maid there. [applause] our armed forces continue to perform heroically in afghanistan. we have recently seen a huge change in the local economy due in part to british troops. europe is standing up for its own interests, but has recognized us as a valuable partner. gordon brown acted naturally during the financial crisis because he understands it. who gets the future? this is not a matter of age. it is a matter of comprehension. this is a very important moment in which to exercise the understanding of world leaders. since i have been spending so much time abroad but i can tell you one thing above all else. our world is interdependent. it is changing. power is moving east. all of this is happening fast, faster than you can imagine. the challenge for britain today is not a 20th-century one. our politics cannot afford 20th- century political attitudes. if we are to go forth with energy, drive, compassion, and determination, and above all und

one of our remote clinics in rwanda, there was a man with a boy and girl living in a mud hut. the older sister was not hiv- positive and the brother was. he miraculously lived until he got our medicine and now he has a third grade education at age 15 and he said that if he finishes high school, could he go to medical school so that he could keep other kids from getting sick. i think that if you can make this come alive through stories, we can get all the support we can handle. >> that was my next question. given the extraordinary accomplishments and the things that you have talking about -- that you have talked about, it is disturbing that we argued the way that we are. is there something more of the should be doing we argued that the way that we are. -- that we are viewed the way we are. is there something more we should be doing? >> it is interesting. governments are not that good at telling their success stories. nobody knows if you should allocate talent for that or not. when things do go well, you've decide how to get that story out there. coming from a corporate environm

. >> radio stations in rwanda have stopped playing music because of a ban by islamic militants. some say they will be broadcasting traditional homes instead. a controversial kurdish politician has been a strike -- attacked in the street in turkey. the kurdish parties were banned last september. this has sparked difficulties in the region. human rights groups fear the deportation of thousands of palestinians from the west bank. date will not able to stay there without the correct permits approved by 80 israeli government. the first lady has visited haiti. she spent several hours touring projects in the capital on her first overseas trip. >> malaria is a consent. the u.n. would like to increase the number of toilets in the 10's. they have set the target of 11,000 latrines. they have not been able to provide half of that. foreign aid agencies have started to move the most vulnerable to say for accommodation and to get them shelter before the rainy season starts. >> stay with us if you can on bbc world news. a ship has taken a piece of the great barrier reef. it might take 20 years

we just sponsored the first international contest in rwanda.e were asked them to put that on and to empower women and give them, every since the genocide. they are trying to build the women back up. i sent one of our executives cat who was a hooters girl and executive team members and went over there and spoke for seven days to elm borrow women in rwanda. we raise money for cancer charities and all of that. there are a lot of charities that hooters does that the public doesn't see. we are held to hire standard. we are comfortable with that we are made of teflon. it's what we do for a long time. >> would you let your daughters be hooters girls? >> i would. ill would. obviously not under that one manager. by the way, is he no longer with us. he has pursued other careers. >> mike: that's an an eloquent way of putting that. debating joining the ranks of the 10% unemployed. >> i would certainly let my daughters work at hooters. >> mike: one of the things you have responded to is nfl cheerleaders are dressed with far less wardrobe than the people who

if your plan is the rwanda plan, we don't want it and the republicans' plan was the rwanda plan. >> we'vesaying all along this would happen. >> me, too. are you kidding me? the republicans, cenk, the issue is we don't have an opposition party. please, elaborate. it's a joke. >> it's exactly right. because, all three of us were in agreement that this was going to happen. i was against the health care bill, because it was half a loaf. the subsidies are happy about that. i want to fix the system, i'm more progressive than a liberal. it didn't fix the system. when you go to the opposition party, they want to fix the system less. they want to keep the insurance companies and drug companies in even bigger charge. >> the truth is, that what we should do is actually, really fundamentally tackle this problem. and i think that right now, the part of the problem is that people get their insurance, their health insurance from their employer. i would actually get away from an employer health care system. that's a fundamental solution. >> yes, it is, i think we could all agree to that. the employer-bas

we built out with the partners in health larger systems in rwanda and trained community workers. let me give you an example of preearthquake hate versus africa. in many cases, the per-capita incomes are about the same, but one thing is different. most african universities, or a lot of them, collapsed at the end of colonialism because they were supported almost entirely by the colonial governments. the haitian universities, a lot of them, were supported by the church and religious organizationings. before the earthquake, we actually had quite a large number of gifted young haitians able to get a college education in haiti. a young american named connor bohan who went there too teach was so moved by this, he raised money to send kids to school in haiti. he had about 75 graduates before all this happened.  not a single one of them had left the country to work. 68 of them were already at work in haiti. seven others were doing graduate work. we need to look at how we educate and train people in terms of their attention. i am thinking about haiti because we have to figure out what to

botswana, south africa, as you move to countries like rwanda and ethiopia where the aids prevalence is more in the 2% range, there you do not want to create a separate structure. having the judgment to look at the aids prevalence, rural versus urban, there are decisions that get made. there is a lot of learning going on. i would not characterize the field as it vertical levers and health system levers. is it about taking particular axe and circumstances and coming up with the right approach. country by country, i do see that being done. taking a few countries to be model countries, and having some funds that are un program that would help them drive those model programs. >> i think you hit on something. we gave a specific example of a general issue that i would urge you to explore with the administration officials when they come. nobody has an answer for this, at least i don't. i have already said here, i strongly support this ghi initiative. it is well conceived. it is what we ought to do. but when you ask us, what should the government shouldx's relationship be with the ngo community

whereas in rwanda, it's 56%. the united states ranks 29t 29th in infaint mortality. 17 places lower than we did in 1960 and we're now behind cuba, the czech republic and hungary and we're tied with poland and slovakia. while 163 other countries on the planet, offered paid maternity leave, and 45 provide paid paternity leave, the united states does not. unpaid leave, if you can get that, is the best we do. the majority of poor people in the united states are women. and the gap in poverty rates between men and women is wider in america than anywhere else in the western world. but all of these issues and facts remain erased in the country's news media. katie couric and diane sawyer aside. in 2006 of the 35 hosts or co-hosts of prime time cable news shows, 29 are men. on the sunday talk shows, men outnumber women by 4-1. home wood is still very much run by men. we all applauded katherine big low's crashing finally after 82 years of the glass ceiling, but only 9% of major film directors are female. so have we come a l

rwanda, which now has a national innovation agenda arguably more sophisticated than the one we have in the united states and other interesting points. >> there are two books you should read. >> we are all in general agreement. every place is different. no place will become the next singapore. you will be a hybrid, and you have to build on your own unique history and your own people. i think one of the things i will say -- national innovations system is the category i have a trouble with any way. innovation tends to happen at this of national level. it tends to happen at local spaces. if you think about pumping resources, it is like input. if we add more money, it is not how innovation happens, and i am not sure they have that much to show for the money, and you take more than just pumping and resources. >> that is why you cannot read somebody else's flav vote. -- somebody else's playbook. >> it is a competitive advantage. what is your unfair advantage? you have to have an unfair advantage to read. as a country, you have to think about, what is it about your country when have the levera

rwanda and cambodia genocide was reactive the role he may may slaughtering millions of animals to provide the multitudes with nourishing and tasty food and durable clothing is not. the experimentation nine identical twins was hanus testing your drugs to save animals is more laid down% and ethically justified. for the rest of us who love animals and recognize their ability and believe it is human beings leo respect and kindness but also understand the obligation to humanity matters more. let us strive continually to improve treatment of animals first and foremost, three all world equivalencies between human beings and animals as we

in rwanda, there had to be truth and reconciliation. in this country, we've never had truth and we've never had reconciliation. and so, the day to day reality for the clients where i work, the people i work with is one that's still hurt, angry, broken. you know, people say to me, older people come up to me and they say, "mr. stevenson, i'm tired of hearing how we're talking about... we're dealing with terrorism for the first time in our nation's history." they were antagonized by the rhetoric around 9/11. they would come up to me and they'd say, "mr. stevenson, i grew up with terrorism. we had to worry about being bombed. we had to worry about being lynched. we had to live in communities close to each other, because the threat of violence was constant. my uncle was nearly lynched. my aunt had to leave alabama and go to kentucky or ohio or the north, because they were afraid she was going to be lynched after doing something or saying something." and that reality still lingers with them. so that they experience the things that we talk abo

to say the singapore model could be applied to america or say rwanda or any other countries, i think you have to say that with a pinch of salt. it is really unique to us. all the things about culture and these things these are valid points that we have in the back of our minds but the fundamental issue is how do we build a comparative advantage to be able to sort of direct resources in a targeted, focused way? to adopt the model of the united states or only the american model where things bubble from the bottom, that is an idea. that is almost like maybe to a certain extent a myth that we all aspire to, but it is a myth that maybe in singapore context we cannot afford. if we were to do that, we don't have the critical numbers to allow it to bubble up, which when john said the idea to do large scale renovation that falls between the bubbling up and i guess from where i sit, which is where we do long-term investments into r&d innovation, which is what i'm personally responsible for, it is about building that greenhouse, about building that platform to allow all of that serendipity, and

what was going around in rwanda, united nations was not given high marks in resolving that issue.hat is your feeling? is the united nations the right vehicle to resolve these issues when they arise? what is being done to make a more effective organization? >> i will give it a shot. the case of east timor does suggest a somewhat more positive role for the united nations than is commonly the case. i want to caution anybody from thinking i am making a general argument that the united nations always does a good job. one of the points i try to make in the book is one of the reason there was action by the united nations in 1999 in east timor was in part because of the memory of the abysmal failure of the united nations in rwanda and stroke in each of. this was on everybody's mind who was working within the united nations. there was an acute consciousness of the potential for this you and mission to go the same way to resolve in a genocide so that historical memory played on people's conscience and made them do things they might not have done. i also want to emphasize that the united nat

rwanda was a horrible example of how you win in my view failed. 900,000 people were killed and three months. that is almost 10,000 per day, 90 days. even kosovo campaign was conducted by nato they've really pushed hard by bill clinton at the time. it was not a u.n. exercise. having said that there is a moral authority. i had a blue flag behind my desk in people came been certainly on a regular almost constant basis complaining about atrocities that we would try to deal with. around the world it is a begin and usually no other game in town. >> let's hear our final question. >> thank you for re taint the book on east timor. genocide 1975 there were 200,000 people killed out of 800,000. i am a little nervous. but prior to the act for the u.s. to intervene what happened? and during the conflict of 1999 i was there. if you're in the situation there is no one. 99 through 2002 un was there. was it enough? to hand over the government? and in 2006, 2008 under the current lear? >> thank you very much. [applause] thank you for your question. i suppose i should beasts start by saying i am an opt