we need to contain the soviet union. this is a dramatic shift in u.s. foreign policy, containment. if stalin is trying to infiltrate this area or this country, we must be there. stop them, thwart them. hold them back, contain their expansion. this is what kennen is advising. and so the days of cooperation are gone. the days of containment are here. this is going to mean that the united states is going to have a dramatic shift in foreign policy that largely lasts up to this day where we are going to become sort of the big brother to the world. we are going to be involved in other countries around the world. the days of isolationism are gone now. how does containment play itself out? well, 1947 is a big year for the cold war. harry truman is now going to start to describe for the american people and for the world what containment actually means. there's trouble in greece and turkey. after world war ii, both greece and turkey are struggling financially. politically. there's rebellions. there's insurrections in these twos co

would probably be at least five or ten or maybe even more than that years down the road before the soviet union would have the ability to successfully detonate an atomic bomb. we can fly all the planes in and help the people fly over soviet-controlled airspace and they won't be shot down. we have the bomb and they don't. eventually the airlift is over in may of 1949. stalin was trying to drag it out and see if our resolve would weaken. it didn't. we have planes taking off and landing 24-7. it's a battle of wills and we won out. when it's said and done, berlin is going to be a divided city. we are going to string up barbed wire and a wall will be built. >> is it like 24-hours? >> he will have forces along the interior separating east and west as well as simply move them in since west merlin is in east germany, there will be forces that you can move in and blockade the roads and waterways. what does nato stand for? north atlantic treaty organization. if we are going to have a military alliance, nato is sort of in a military alliance with western europe. an attack upon a country of nato will bring

will be charged separately and both convicted of espionage, passing along atomic secrets to the soviet union in 1951 and executed for espionage in 1953. this is serious business now. the united states has been infiltrated by soviet spies. nothing more serious than the atomic weapons program and the rosenbergs paid the price. what we have then in the united states is a full-fledged red scare. we talked about this after world war i, in the 1920s. this is really a second red scare. we are afraid that the united states, here on our own shores, had been infiltrated. every aspect of american life. we are suspicious of everyone and everything. your next door neighbor might be a spy. it's your american responsibility, your duty to report suspicious activity. the band leader synonymous with the red scare and flushing out the communists, wherever they might be, is this fellow. recognize him? joseph mccarthy, senator from wisconsin. the united states senator from wisconsin. what he is going to do is gain a lot of attention in 1950 and going to go to wheeling, west virginia, and going to deliver a speec

soviet union has not declared war on japan. here at tehran stalin tells roosevelt, you guys go ahead with d day, we defeat hitler, and with three months, within three months of hitler's defeat the soviet union will declare war on japan and help you, the americans, defeat this nation. so it's a very friendly kind of cordial meeting. the next time they get together it's a little bit different. in february of 1945 the big three meet for a second time. it's known as the alta conference. this is on the black sea. this time things have changed because if you'll remember from last class period, by the early part of 1945 the red army is driving deep into germany by now. they've already pushed the nazis out of their country all the way through poland and into germany and they are knocking on the door of berlin. the western allies, the americans, the british, well, we got slowed down a little bit along that way. what was that? battle of the bulge. okay. that's going to slow us down in our race to get to berlin. they get there first. we t

when we do something, the soviet union responds. when they do, it affects us and the cold war is not done yet. it's not just the fall of china and it's not just the united states cozying up to japan. it's going to explode the cold war and it will heat up in korea. now remember the last lecture of world war ii. we talked about korea being occupied by japan. once the war is over, the united states and the soviet union decide to divide korea with the united states being in control of the southern part of korea and the sev yet union is going to be administering the northern part of korea. eventually both u.s. and uss r agree we will withdraw and allow them to have a degree of self determination. we are going pull out and the soviet union will and the koreans will be able to determine their future and fate. we both did. the difference is when we pulled out, we took everything with us. when the soviet union pulled out, they left a stockpile of weapons. the most mot earn technology they had at the time. that's a temptation that was going t

days of the soviet union and the our. resistance against soviet union and then the interference from our neighbors and our lack of ability as. organizations to organize better and and bring this country to peace but there was never a conflict between the afghan people look. at all those people who are fighting one another in one way or the other the hope and parchin want to resolution connected to the soviet union the mujahideen organizations backed by the west and pakistan and the arab world the. secular elements of afghanistan the clergy those who fought one of the during different wars are now all sitting side by side in the parliament in afghanistan and they almost have the same neighboring neighboring seats there so that's not the problem afghanistan is a united country and a very united country and the opposition to my government. accuses my government of not of not being patriotic enough. to defend discussion and some of them are from the north some of them are from the south some of them are from the west within t

in june one nine hundred forty one the nazi regime nearly destroyed the soviet union but over the next four years on the battlefront ranging from the black sea to the baltic from the volga and all the way back to berlin the soviet union managed to turn the tide of the war until an armistice was signed in germany in one nine hundred forty five it's the data chief moment that makes this day and that minute so important there's been a parade here through red square fourteen thousand troops tanks modern aircraft and missiles have been paraded through and also today there are fireworks all of this just as it was in the parade in one thousand nine hundred forty five to mark the victory then there's also a parade of veterans that number growing smaller each year the people who can remember from their own minds those dark days and also the laying of the wreath next to the eternal flame and the tomb of the unknown soldier up against the kremlin walls if you look around in the days surrounding it today you'll see lots of people wearing ribbons like this this red and black ribbon and that's

when the buyers of the growing tension between the us and the soviet union following the war led to an unprecedented global military buildup and to a strategy of exploitation of people's fears that in various forms has continued to this day. you know how bad the the atomic bomb why it's good for you worse than a terrible sunburn specially where you're not covered. in those years america expanded into new territories such as the case of diego garcia a small island in the indian ocean part of the british overseas territories whose inhabitants got caught up in the global power struggle. nobody seems to know that diego garcia used to have a very considerable population it was all entirely bundled up and shipped out in order to as the u.s. navy put it sanitize the place the u.s. wanted a base an indian ocean at all cost because of the cornwall diego garcia has a most wonderful you know log on and that would really be the ideal place for a base so we were at odds or a wrong place if you know as. wrong place at that time because that place was the best place for the most sophisticated us than

i got new information after the collapse of the soviet union in one thousand nine hundred one above all how fast our country moved united states to find a replacement enemy to keep the military industrial complex functioning to serve the vested interests in the cold war system i was appalled by this i believe that we should have had after the collapse of the soviet union that eliminated any basis for this global apparatus there was no further reason for it it was irrelevant. instead they moved at once to find another enemy china. terrorism. drug lords even instability anything to keep it going we need an enemy it's like we were a football team and we'll be in prophecy to play a game we learned certain plays and now we don't have any opponents no how can we play this game anymore and so they needed a new enemy and a new enemy while for a while there was drugs we had a war on drugs then came terrorism and that was a very good substitute in the minds of our lead is sometimes her brain a big thing sometimes they're afraid of very little out but notice something else about you know that

still a good many people in the government who had a pretty good feeling about the fact of the soviet union helped us win the war, and the attitude starting pretty soon after the end of the war was that we can be allies with the soviet union, we can contain them, as they said, containment was george kennon's theory about communism, which said you don't confront them, at least militarily, you work with them diplomatically, don't let them get any bigger, but they'll do their thing and we'll do ours, and it didn't take very long before several people, many former communists themselves said no, this is not right. these people are -- have a very different attitude toward us than you think, they want to take us over, they want to bury us, they want to infiltrate our government, and there were, then, a couple of big cases, the rosenburg case, for one, people were spying on mr. and mrs. rosenberg, then alger hiss was another one, a man who testified against him, subsequently indicted and convicted, as a purgerer but convicted really because he'd been a spy. chambers wrote a book which had a huge im

been burning for every day and every nights and war memorials all across russia and the former soviet union people have been marking this event those memorials bear the words urging people never to forget the great sacrifice that the soviet union went through to defeat nazi germany it's estimated about twenty six point six million people gave lives in that conflict when nazi germany invaded in june one nine hundred forty one they nearly destroyed the soviet union but over the next four years on the front ranging from the black sea to the baltic from the volga all the way to berlin the red army turned the tide and pushed them all the way back until an armistice was eventually signed and it's that the marking of that achievement and both sacrifices that this is all about tom as you're talking to us we're also showing scenes of those fireworks over the skies of the russian capital of course other events and being taking place to commemorate the day and this display of course is marking the end of this very special day what else has been happening. yes indeed this is this is the finale as it we

cycle of and there's controversy in russian politics like we haven't seen since the end of the soviet union but in events like this it's a unifier so it doesn't really matter what your political color is everyone in this country can enjoy the meaning of this parade. in one thousand one. hundred or. so you know a. very traditional. you know. gives people a sense of pride. but that's one of the things that a good western audiences in public say have a hard time understanding why russia continues to invoke the memory of nineteen forty five and it's because of the impact that war had on this country and its people i mean in the united states for example that people are not going to be remembering the second world war like it is remembered here in parades like this try to give a good reason. for western audiences understand what happened here between one thousand forty one and i forty. that's in. any way for the western audience and also divided into the categories of radio the best and so the same which remember roman should remember. so i wonder if the vapors of the day for ben and them really

are a lot of talk about multiple polar world but last century it was the soviet union us this tree to be very simple minded about this century is the us and china that bipolar that world is going to be dominated by the bipolar connection of china and the us and people will make countries will make decisions and calibrate their their actions against what they perceive will be the response of the us and or china that there will be a bipolar world replacing a soviet union the us but on a very different basis so no more no i guess a cold war but sort of a cold war but with the soviet union on an ideological basis with china on economic. now two of egypt's a leading presidential candidates are suspending their campaigning they blame the ruling military council for wednesday's brutal attack on protesters up to twenty people were killed and more than a hundred injured by unknown attackers sparking for the clashes the rally was supporting a disqualified ultra conservative islamist candidate seen as a one of the frontrunners before he was banned various political forces i think used only one p

and or china that there will be a bipolar world replacing the soviet union the u.s. but on a very different basis so no more no i guess a cold war but sort of a cold war but with the soviet union on an ideological basis with china on economic. two of egypt's leading presidential candidates are suspending their campaigning they blame the ruling military council for wednesday's brutal attack on protesters up to twenty people were killed and more than one hundred injured by on known attackers sparking for the clashes the rally was supporting a disqualified also a conservative islamist candidate seen as one of the frontrunners before he was banned various political forces and he was the ruling military for all to strengthen the blood shed surf earth looks into the chaos religious tensions have created in post-revolutionary egypt. taking phone in middle eastern news across this is the leading comic actor. and his satirical film the leader is just one of a number in which he's still heard that if you learned him in prison for offending islam it's a ruling that's in raging

brand new airplane it is russia's first sojourn into the commercial aviation industry since the soviet union in fact it was meant to revitalize the commercial aviation industry in russia it is a highly technical and highly advanced piece of equipment in fact it was also equipped with equipment that could detect normalities in the terrain is so at this point in time no abnormalities this is an anomaly. and to many in the aviation industry saying things didn't seem likely to human error than technical malfunction that's according to operations and for online magazine flight global david and. what i think i think the most helpful way of trying to understand what might have happened here is to remember exactly what it's doing in indonesia it's on indonesia on a demonstration tour of the world showing off to potential customers just what a good airplane this is and just how clever it is and how far you can take it sometimes the pilots or the crews deliberately take the aircraft right to their limits and they do that sometimes when the aircraft is quite close to the ground that's what a demonstrat

and or china that there will be a bipolar world replacing a soviet union u.s. but very different bases so no knowledge or not or yes a cold war but sort of a cold war with the soviet union on an ideological basis with china on economic. two of egypt's a leading presidential candidates are suspending their campaigning they blame the ruling military council for wednesday's brutal attack on protesters after twenty people were killed and more than a hundred injured by unknown attackers sparking for the clashes the rally was supporting a disqualified truck conservative islamist tended it seen as a one of the frontrunners before he was banned various political forces accusingly military orchestrating the bloodshed there for its looks into the tales religious tension have created in post-revolutionary egypt. taking phone in middle east and. this is the leading comic actor. and his satirical film the leader is just one of a number in which he stirred the flounders him in prison for offending islam is a ruling that seemed raging with the public but this revolution was e

to the soviet union with britain's eastern ally in the grip of a nazi onslaught that just nineteen john c. is was a gunner on board one ship braving fierce seas bitter cold and a treacherous route infested by german u. boats never experienced in the can you just imagine. wives come in a. block of flats just past the wife say just picked us up picked us up just market or just. perrie mind we were fourteen thousand pretty heavy clark a toy and you know we've been lifted out because you could hear the screws turn in at the wall. below and in the water this is the very ship john says served on his job was to man the n.t.a. craft guns against the heavy enemy fire from above but the onslaught came from the sea to the huge icy waves with the warmth even a ship this size just over eight hundred ships were dispatched in total in the convoys but one in eight never made it back britain lost three thousand men in what was known as the most hostile theater of world war two the waters so cold that falling in meant almost certain death yet those behind the mission never on and the men it sent john rec

considered two projects we also thought about building in wonderment only segarra sixty fourth the soviet union defended the site but it was far from the city center the second project was a gun that we decided to build here because they entice city could descend from the top. sculptors from all over the country submitted their projects to participate in the contest stalin eventually chose yevgeny church known for his works of socialist realisable that symbolized heroism at that time he'd already created the soviet brylin. he was later responsible for a statue abroad that a speech soars into plowshares which can be found outside the united nations. but with my my of the artist was faced with a difficult task he had to come up with a symbol representing a call for victory because stomping ground was a major turning point during. the search for his name began. the question of who inspired the work is a very interesting one they were lots of theories some thought it was a waitress fell into me or gymnast knew. but in fact. teach was fast inspired by nike off some of the race the first version of t

all the party leaders of the soviet union from together with the only brush never arrived soon after the opening ceremony of the monument you chanted started work on a new one hundred metre tall motherland statue to be delivered to keep. the sculptor pass away before the project was realized. during the construction of the motherland. and it's up the props were connected by an elevator fortunately it broke down this meant. would have to walk up and down two hundred steps to inspect his money. only the person looking after the monument. a year after the unveiling of the statue of who is going to maintain this huge construction arose for the first time in the soviet union a team of mountain climbers was employed to look after the monument. on the trail. the red ropes of descents. for safety risking their lives. check the condition of the motherland calls monument which deteriorated following the collapse of the soviet union nowadays especially on the joints regularly so that the limbs remain firm. especially coating is applied to the statue but the solution does not come cheap mountain

twenty seven million people died in the soviet union members if we go to germany and something that western audiences and publics are not aware of would be the cost this is the suffering of the people the peoples of the soviet union. yet the cost was enormous. and he's. now we have the foreign leader of the defense ministers of the call coming in. to inspect the troops absolutely i don't. think there should be more from the. well already. i see the figure out the defense minister of the russian federation was going to trim self the muscular hairy sun was known in the morning are ready for the boy to picture from where you have to celebrate the sixty seventh anniversary of the great story i want to show you what i think the cater to quarrel pogonip us colonel general give us all. that has to get out is. morning conference by that i would. say. congratulations on this sixty seven you find it very surreal he ate his dinner and i hear the victory in the great patriotic war. well we see here the that fence minister reviewing the troops there inspecting the troops here before he reports to the ne

leaders of the soviet union together with. soon after the opening ceremony of the monument. one hundred. to be delivered to keep. away before the project was realized. secret lover tours. to build a new most sophisticated. tunes mission to teach creation why it should. end. this is why you should care only. the people of the united states and our friends and allies will not live at the mercy of an outlaw regime that threatens the peace with weapons of mass murder is regime as an actor program to acquire and develop nuclear weapons and let there be no doubt about we know for a fact that there are limits there. this work is being carried out under the direction of dr david kay respected scientist and former u.n. inspector was leading the weapons search in iraq we are determined to take this apart you have a tremendous a group of dedicated american men and women involved with the best assets of the intelligence community can provide. data cheney is not going to be done with this for quite some time david kay wants more time but he says it could take another six to nine months t

event those memorials bear the words urging people never to forget the great sacrifice that the soviet union went through to defeat nazi germany it's estimated about twenty six point six million people gave their lives in that conflict when nazi germany invaded in june one nine hundred forty one they nearly destroyed the soviet union but over the next four years on the front ranging from the black sea to the baltic from the volga all the way to berlin the red army turned the tide and pushed them all the way back until an armistice was eventually signed and it's the marking of that achievement and both sacrifices that this is all about early on in the day here at red square there was a large military parade fourteen thousand troops marched through accompanied by in modern times aircraft flying flags and nuclear missiles which were paraded through the capital that parade watched by president vladimir putin and prime minister dmitri medvedev those two having swaps jobs also veterans came out as well over. all of this is designed to try and mimic what was what was done in one nine hundred forty