we nominate them to the national register. that's one of the categories of properties that can go on the national register along with district structures sites and in the case of the shuttles all three of them the discovery and and company that are that we're remaining and that were at some point ready to be accessed. we save them we documented them and we made sure that they would be protected and they are now at the three remaining shuttles are now in california the johnson space since center in houston and at in florida at kennedy space center in museum and being interpreted and so we we save them because they were an important part of our cultural patrimony save them and every part of them that motors generators every every the rockets everything was recorded and saved. now who does the actual recording and chronically? well, of course and let me just say that the agency involved there was nasa federal agency and they had responsibility. they owned them. so the agency that does the recording is a there are two agencies that

the united states to make it a national him. as one scholar at the song is an omnipresent part of african-american worship traditions and enduring refrain". songs first published the performance was a celebration of abraham likens birthday in 1900. it has been since sung by many notable people on many notable occasions over the last 120 years with the song honors affect each of us is made in god's image and every single person has dignity and by that's not related in any way to the color of our skin, where we live or what we do for living. all of us are created equally and god's image. that is part of the dna of america that we believe. racism and racial violence, violates the most fundamental principles of our great nation and the will of our creator. we all acknowledge it. america is not perfect but is an exceptional country. we are always growing, we are always learning, we are always striving towards a more perfect union. that is our charge and that is our call. we will consider and explore our history, we will learn from it.

smith was not the national treasurer. that was jessie turner, who was part of her team with russell sugarman. she was the director in memphis for like 40 years. our next is professor andre from the university of michigan. her research focuses on race and gender. the publication has topics on italian opera, composers and prisons. she published black operas. in 2019 she was named the scholar in residence at the seattle opera. professor andre, you're recognized for five minutes. >> thank you, chairman cohen, chairman nadler, ranking member johnson and members of the subcommittee. i am happy and very honored to have my voice included in this hearing supporting "lift every voice and sing" to become a national hymn. my entrance in the discussion gets to the core of what i want to emphasize, the sense of belonging. while belonging might be a birthright of citizenship, it is not always experienced in the happening of daily life. belonging is not proven by statistics or enforced in surveys and in person and online workshops. belong

and, of course, happy professional holiday to veterans of the national guard. i wish all of you and your families health and success. good luck, the federal service of the national guard troops was formed by presidential decree six years ago, its foundations were the internal troops. the composition included the services of the sobr and omon units of the private security unit for control, in the field of arms trafficking, as well as in the field of ensuring the security of fuel and energy complex facilities troops, the russian guard, in cooperation with other law enforcement agencies, participates in the fight against terrorism and extremism under the protection of the service. essential infrastructure. communications , including the nuclear power plant, enterprises of the nuclear and chemical industries, employees also protect public order, accompany kolomna with humanitarian supplies, marriages and heroism, including during a special operation to protect the republics of donbass, many servicemen of the national guard were awarded state awards to their subordin

we nominate them to the national register. one of the categories era categories of properties that can go on the register. . along with district, structures, sites. . in the case of shuttles, all three, the discovery and company that remained and that were at some point ready to be accessed, we saved them, documented them. and we made sure that they would be protected and they are now the three remaining shuttles are now in california at the johnson space center in houston and at florida at krendo kennedy space center and we saved them they were an important part of our cultural patry money saved them and every pan motors, jerpters -- the rockets everything was recorded and saved. >> now who does the actual recording and chronicles. >> the agency involved, nasa, federal agency, they had responsibility they owned them. the agency doing the record something a -- there are two agency that is do do recording like this one called the american historic engineering record ant other called the american historic building survey. both na

today, president vladimir putin congratulated the employees of the national guard and spoke about the tasks of the department during a special military operation to protect donbass, today i want to specifically and separately address the military personnel and employees of the national guard unit who are participating in special military operations on the territory of donbass and ukraine, dear comrades . yes, the real combat situation is associated with increased risk. well, i know how you act in such a situation in the highest degree, courageously and professionally skillfully decisively and fearlessly. demonstrating personal heroism, you competently clearly solve all the most difficult tasks. all of our huge the country is rightfully proud of each of you. i want to thank you. thank you for your steadfastness and impeccable service to russia, for loyalty to the fatherland , oath and duty. once again, i congratulate the fighters and commanders, all personnel. and, of course, happy professional holiday to veterans of the national guard. i wish all of you and your families health, succe

grew up in tallahassee and i was demonstrating with a group of college people that believed in the nation, the nonviolent demonstration and it turned out to be a good cause for us. with that said, it would be the march for graduating seniors. i want to say to fast-forward to go from there and where we are today we have this remarkable panel of all races, creeds and color and i won't take too long on this but the last stanza leaves us drunk with the line of the world may we [inaudible] that speaks to not only what happens today but to that great a generation that came before us and believed in the nation. think about the author of the song. faithful, about family, free-market and out of that great generation that gave this stanza that we can come together with and bring our country back together, it is sent to take the place of the national anthem. it's the strength, the coming together is what this stands for so i want to thank you for the opportunity to speak and where we've come from and where we are today. that being said, i don't have any questions i just want to thank you for your pr

within the nation. the leet unit leverages both technology and traditional art of tracking to detect footprints, tire tracks and clothing associated with smuggling operations. over the last few years, shadow wolves have increasingly expanded their operation beyond tracking to investigative work and support response. under current law, shadow wolves can only be hired as tactical officers in a lower pay grade. although most of the officers have completed special agent training. h.r. 5681 reclassifies chateau wolves as -- shadow wolves as special agents upon completes the law enforcement training requirements. h.r. 5681 also directs d.h.s. to establish a strategy for preserving the shadow wolves and expanding comparable units with the consent of relevant native american tribes. by passing this bipartisan bill today, this body is prioritizing the development of a diverse and ex-wittable federal work force. i urge my colleagues to join with the tohono-odom nation and the shadow wolves officers and support h.r

and, of course, happy professional holiday to veterans of the national guard. i wish all of you and your families health and success. the federal service of the national guard troops was formed by presidential decree 6 years ago, its foundations were the internal troops, the service included sobr omon detachments. non-departmental security unit for control, in the field of arms trafficking, as well as in the field to ensure the security of fuel and energy complex facilities, the troops, the national guard, in cooperation with other law enforcement agencies, participate in the fight against terrorism , extremism, under the protection of the service, there are especially important infrastructure and transport communication facilities. among them are nuclear power plants , enterprises of the nuclear chemical industry. employees take part in ensuring public order carry out the tasks of guarding and escorting convoys with humanitarian cargo marriage and heroism shown in in the course of the special operation to protect the republics of donbass, many servicemen of the

the u.s. navy has big ships. other nations, the other nations that have really big vessels and most of the other navies and coast guard's from the other partner nation militaries as well as the coast guard's have smaller vessels. you talk about the amazon. they don't have highways, they have rivers and they need the training. they neither smaller vessels to get the training and it's absolutely critical to the security cooperation in helping build our defense forces and militaries and maritime operations. >> i do appreciate that. let me follow up on an engagement for senator inhofe and joe legrand had with you. i think the discussion with senator inhofe was like-minded democracies in southcom. asked about engaging with elected governments let me just mention that the organization of american states is based here in washington, d.c. it is the only multilateral organization that includes every country in the western hemisphere except for cuba and i would point out to my colleagues that in 2020, president trump signed into law the

the united nations was very important in the korean war because in theory it was the united nations that waged war to fight -- to fight communism and support democracy, not the united states. and by the people and for the people, a familiar phrase. the idea of enslavement and a system that makes people tools of the state. this is obviously important because here you are trading as a free person, setting the mark deciding if 2 of 1 card is worth card 48, and you are free to make your deck. i pray that they may be delivered from oppression. in other words, it's not the people of the soviet union who are bad or evil, it's the leaders. again, this is the entire theme of containment. if you understand the russian people and you understand the culture, you'll understand this is a bad system. the people will rebel if you just contain them. so this is all just in this one -- you haven't even opened the box at this point. the topics that i go through that i noticed on the cards obviously korea. other themes that i identified and literally you could jiggle and juggle themes of these 48 cards howev

nation. i've come to report on the state of the nation, the state of the union. and my report is this. the state of the union is strong because you, the american people are strong. we are stronger today or stronger today we were a year will be stronger years from now. then we are today. this is our moment to meet and overcome the challenges of our time. and we will, has what people want american united states of america was sure. god protect our true. thank you. go get in. that was joe barton's, the state of the union address, all 64 minutes over to a joint city of congress, the frame sanctions going off to putin and he's ugly ox, the u. s. economy health care wages, manufacturing, coven, response, guns, the plot of war bits. we thought this address would be dominated by the crime and its effect on the economy. but that speech very much stopped at all stations. there was a lot to take in and equally a lot of us to talk about and so we shall if you're just joining us, that was you as president joe biden, giving his 1st state of the union address. the doubly correspondence defends a mont

the united states. at least for our nation. it's fine to have the biowatch detectors, if you can get the equipment to the point where it's actually detecting what it's supposed to. but you're absolutely right. we are facing so many other threats than just a handful of threats that biowatch was supposed to pick up on. so, you also need other pieces of equipment. for example, you could have particle detectors that aren't looking for specific agents but are looking to see how many particles are in a particular room or area and can note that, hey, suddenly we're seeing a whole bunch of something or a whole bunch of virus in this one place. what is that? and send the alert to somebody else to go take a look. we also have -- you know, there are hand-held detectors. there are all kinds of detectors. detectors can you put inside, detectors can you put outside. i think we need a vast amount of those spread out all over the place and gather all that information together. if you look at how we detect disease anyway, whether we have a detec

long live the united nations. let us remind ourselves that these founders did so to maintain international peace and security. to take the prevention and removal of threats to peace -- to have prevention and removal of threats to peace. the principle of justice and international law, settlements of international disputes or situations. yesterday, an opportunity open for dialogue. negotiators from both sides are holding talks in belarus. this is a ray of hope. we pray that these talks come alm down tempers and lead to peace. the journal assembly represents the collective conscience of humanity -- the general assembly represents the collective conscience of humanity. let us demonstrate the moral courage not to rip up rhetoric but to give peace a chance. let us ignite the fire of love and hope. guns are better off left off, let peace prevail, thank you. >> i give the floor to the secretary eternal of the united nations -- general of the united nations. >> excellencies, the fighting in ukraine must stop. it is across t

ah, louis, missouri, missouri, in the great documentary series of destruction of a nation this week on d, w. mm. this is d, w. news, africa coming up on the program lives on hold the african students facing an uncertain future as the war in ukraine. rage is on the we're trying to see it in the shots field. so weeks that we have which school is going to accept those because we can even get our trans decrease because of what is happening. we don't have our trash people, they don't seem to understand that we don't love tribes creek, thousands of african students have finally escaped to safety. some have made it back to their home countries, but all those and now stuck in europe without a visa and without a place to study. also coming up on the program and you know women, i think i do have women, i and jim. we come north because we are no problem and so making we have been met by them in, in what many calling blatant sexism women in nigeria being denied the same rights as men. but they're not taking it. lying down and stepping out in style. we meet the women subverting sexual stereotypes i

because they offer so much promise to the nation. her the government delivers to make healthcare more affordable and progress on maternal health something we've been leading the effort on. by putting science and technology to work with access to care and work to deliver the criminal justice reform as well. even though congress isn't acting we are making changes in federal law enforcement policies with restrictions. all of this is happening and the justice department for systemic police misconduct in several in the country. we've just got to stay on it. we will keep pushing on this and we are protecting the threshold liberty the sacred right to vote. it's always made it hard for blacks to vote but it's to figure out how to keep the black vote when it occurs. over the past year to promote access to voting with top civil rights advocates to help the department of justice which has doubled the number two past the john lewis voting rights act. the american people agree with us. [applause] black and white. i don't want to take much more of

nation. i've come to report on the state of the nation, the state of the union. and my report is this. the state of the union is strong because you, the american people are strong. when i saw her today, i will be stronger than we are today. this is our moment to meeting over from the challenges of our time and we will not want america united states of america particular to get in so you've been watching lot of coverage that you as president job biden's, 1st state of the nation, speech to the u. s congress and of course, the american people. it's a speech normally pushes the president's domestic agenda, but also the ukraine was a big focus of the speech delivered in the chamber to night. president biden said that a russian president vladimir putin may make gains on the battlefield. he'll pay a huge price in the long run. he called the rushing president, a dictator biden said this is a battle between democracy, an autopsy, and that democracy will prevail. and he asked at u. s. s. place to be close to all russian aircraft from wednesday. he said the u. s. is working to seize yachts, apart

this is sort of actually launching the nation. obviously, moscow appears to believe that their course of action is the right ones and risking all is the way forward in the united states thinks that the united states think that there must be, even if it's perhaps risks. nuclear war. the ability for ukraine to join nato. that's what the urban union also firmly believes. so, i mean, the point here is the rights of ukraine to be able to join nato at all costs. few believe you wouldn't believe that you crave, shouldn't be admitted to me. it's too intimately divided, highly corrupt. there's functional state in the eyes of many nato and there was a chance of, of ukraine being admitted to natal instead of is sort of a screeching, fresh air security concerns. and the most concerns could have been addressed to what the war after on russia is not main lo, challenger, the main loan challenger is china, which is seeking to supplant the us as the global head on us as a us already said, sorry to interrupt them, but obviously, the largest on $8500

the united nations is was very important in the korean war because in in theory, it was the united nations that waged war to fight to fight communism and and supports and support democracy. not the united states and by the people and for the people a familiar phrase and the idea of enslavement and and a system that makes people tools of the state. well, this is obviously important because here you are trading as a free person. setting the markets deciding whether two of card one is worth three is worth one of card 48 and you are free to to make your deck and i pray that they may be delivered from oppression. in other words. it's not the lead. it's not the people of the soviet union who are bad or evil it's the leaders. and again, this is the entire theme of containment if you understand the russian people and you understand the culture, you'll understand that this is a bad system. the people will will rebel if you just contain them. so this is all just in this one. you haven't even opened the box at this point the topics that i go through that i noticed on on the cards obviously korea othe

the program. now women make up only about 6 percent of niger is national assembly. so should we really be surprised when gender bills get rejected in this manner? oh well, we shouldn't be surprised. however, this surprise elements will come from the fact that when you get into the national assembly, as either a senator or a member of the house of representatives, there is an orientation that is done for people to remember that they are not there representing their political parties but they're there in the interest of all nigerians, irrespective of gender or political party affiliations or whatever else there is. so considering the fact that that orientation was done and the members of the national assembly forgot that too soon. and then thing to give women, you know, the basic rights that are enjoyed in other parts of the world, simply because we're women and that was very disappointing. so do you think that, that this, what we've seen here, the rejection of these bills as a reflection of the attitudes of the people in the national assembly or this, does this reflec

today on "face the nation," the war in ukraine takes a turn for the worst. and leaders around the world desperately search for a way to end the death and devastation. on day 18,the crisis in ukraine is intensified. overnight russian forces fired missiles for the first time into lviv, a city in western ukraine dangerously close to the polish border. shelling, missile attacks and atrocities in other key regions of ukraine have increased, and there are serious concerns in the intelligence community about vladimir putin introducing chemical weapons into russia's blitz on the devastated country of 44 million citizens. >> biden: i'm not going to speak about the intelligence, but russia would pay a severe price. >> brennan: what would that severe price be? president biden maintains that the u.s. will not send troops, but will continue to defend nato's interest in the region. >> biden: the direct confrontation between nato and russia is world war iii, something we must strive to prevent. >> brennan: we'll have the latest reporting from ukraine and hear from its fore

well, by the way, a year ago in tyumen at the national championship. also had medals, but if we talk about the skeathlon, then a year ago alexander klishunov became the winner, ivan nikimushkin took silver and andrey larkov. i took bronze, all these are the winners of the olympic games medals, just the same medals, they have alexander more, well, they have the gold of the olympic games. olympic games andrey larkova, bronze personally and now, uh, the same medals they took a year ago in this type of program was won, by the way, by the socks of the breaks, in previous years, and alexei chervotkin and sergei ustryugov were olympic champions. in general, to really take gold at the national championship - this says a lot. this is actually a pass to the world elite. yes, but in fact, sergei ustyugov won the world championship many times 13 times. but i think that more, probably, only maxim lezhin. uh, sergei kryanin. we probably have here 17 or 18 times won the championship of russia, but really you remember that you maxim won, well, we need to calculate, bec

and, of course, happy professional holiday to veterans of the national guard. all of you and your families health, success and good luck. and about those who effectively operate in almost any conditions, whether it be urban development or the remote taiga, it is not without reason that the national guardsmen are called universal soldiers. and now, in the donbass and ukraine, they are solving various combat and quite peaceful tasks, a unique experience gained over the years of training dmitry tolmachev saw how special forces work. on the streets of melitopol, almost nothing reminds us of the special operation being carried out here for walks , and the weather and order, which ensure our fighters are not terrible. you walk down the street. no. no, we walk terribly calmly, we walk for a walk , we go home protecting public security is the number one task on the official list of the task of the national guard, so politely but persistently. good afternoon. get out of the car, please take your documents with you. take people see environment, calm. uh, they were afraid

on a professional holiday at a military post today is the day of the national guard troops of russia, the story of the taking of the chernobyl nuclear power plant is firsthand. he should be quoted as speaking in public as little as possible. but only not to the metropol, no, not so, mariupol what kind of reaction does the reservation and ignorance of biden cause among american journalists, another portion of the resonant and ridiculous statements of the american president, as well as the invasion of cold, how bad weather interfered with the plans of muscovites and residents of the center of russia, as well as forecasts of weather forecasters . this morning, ukrainian troops again fired at the territory of the donetsk people's republic. four 122-mm shells were fired at the village for 10 minutes, fell in the suburbs of donetsk, and now just happened. it is known that a civilian died in ilovaisk, according to the representative office of the republic in the joint center for monitoring and coordinating the ceasefire regime, 20 civilians per day were injured, while units of the people's m

as the nation been able to analyze comparatively what other countries do? >> when you were talking about the four countries i mentioned it is difficult for the intelligence community to find out what they're doing. russia and china are interesting billions into their bio economy, and part of doing that is investment in protective technologies, vaccines, personal protective equipment and anything that will bring the economic aspect up to the next level. they are investing at a rate much greater than what we are investing at in the united states. it will put us at an economic disadvantage but also a protective disadvantage. >> does that relate to buy a watch and monitors as well? >> i do not know. >> how about our european allies or japan or south korea, other countries where we would have access to exactly what they are doing? >> i would say especially in europe, our european allies and other countries are working on bio detection, but i think their approaches are different from ours. i think that they have viewed this as a technological challenge that needs

"face the nation" is coming right up. please join us when our trumpet sounds aga in t sunday morning. ♪♪ [trumpet] >> brennan: i'm margaret brennan in washington, and this week on "face the nation," international outrage grows as vladimir putin's brutal assault on ukraine ramps up, with increasingly barbaric attacks on civilians. russian forces continue to struggle in their effort to take over the capital city of kyiv, and ukrainians persevere, despite devastation and ruin in their homeland. we'll speak with lloyd austin about the new weapons the u.s. is sending ukraine and the delicate dep mask dance to arm them. and after president biden warns the chinese president not to help russia, qin gang will ea eokna markarova will also join us, and we'll have a rare sunday interview with mitch mcconnell. finally, we'll check in with former f.d.a. commissioner dr. scott gottlieb. it's all just ahead on "face the nation." ♪♪ >> brennan: good morning. and welcome to "face the nation." there is no end in sight, no off-ramp for the r

the program. now women make up only about 6 percent of nigerian national assembly. so should we really be surprised when gender bills get rejected in this manner? oh well, we shouldn't be surprised. however, the surprise element would come from the fact that when you get into the national assembly, as either a senator or a member of the house of representatives, there is an orientation that is done for people to remember that they are not there representing their political parties but they're there in the interest of all nigerians, irrespective of gender or political party affiliations or whatever else there is. so considering the fact that that orientation was done on the members of the national assembly, forgot that too soon. and then thing to give women, you know, the basic rights that are enjoyed in other parts of the world, simply because we're women and that was very disappointing. so do you think that, that this, what we've seen here, the rejection of these bills as a reflection of the attitudes of the people in the national assembly or this, does this reflect

alisa jambala under the second number alisa has been in the national team for a long time. r, she doesn’t have such the best results herself , but i think that she can absolutely calmly return. and today, too, ekaterina smirnova can perform well under number three, number four, and she has just been in kirovo-chepetsk a week ago all the time. places occupied, that is, this number corresponds. yes, apparently, it's just that nothing happens, that's why she's here. here is how she delegates, yes, aliya is the leader in the fourth number and oksanov is the medalist of the world championship. quite right, and she was also in the national team and performed for a long time at the world cup stage well, under the fifth number. our maria gushchina also repeatedly participated in the stages, the world cup, e, performed a lot, in my opinion, even at the world championships, but certainly on the viners and this is just our wife e dmitry yaparov, who was the silver medalist of the olympic games in sochi in the relay, in my opinion, in my opinion, well, it's clear that we ran together, i

this has to be something -- not to take the place of our national anthem. i love that too. this represents all americans. the strength, the fight, the overcoming, the coming together is what this hymn really stands for. i want to thank you for the opportunity. really quickly, i am thankful to see the growth of our land and where we are today. with that being said, anybody have any questions? i just want to thank you for your presence and congressman cohen, thank you for leading this and congressman johnson, thank you. >> thank, you mr. owens. i appreciate your remarks. miss ross, you are recognized for five minutes or as much time -- >> thank you very much, chairman cohen. i don't see -- but thank you for him for his initiative. i am from north carolina. i love participating and religious services and and double acp offense and all sorts of events that thing "lift every voice and sing". i will just say that the way that it sets the tone for whatever occasion we are participating in, it brings people together. and it is an honor to be here and learn even more about the histor

then the alaska national land act came with jimmy carter. they set aside 87 million acres of land it in parks. about half of this date was set -- about half of the state was set aside for single use purpose. selectively picked land. the state is not one body of land. it would have 6 million acres here, 50 million acres here, 10 million acres here. we picked land around the state quite frankly, by its value. they always picked land between a and c and b. so we lost a lot of our state rights. that is our biggest challenge. we have accessible rights. we have a right to utilize our land without being told what not to do by the federal government. federal government overreach is probably our biggest challenge. a lot of that is personnel. parks are my pet peeve. very few alaskans use the parks. they are not really allowed to. they are used for tourists. i think it is incorrect. i think it should be parks and partners. partner with the people of alaska in the parks. we set aside land for the state for state parks. they had 23,000 people visit last y

this is sort of actually launching the nation. obviously, moscow appears to believe that their course of action is the right ones. and risking all is the way forward in the united states thinks that the united states think that there must be, even if it's perhaps risks nuclear war. the ability for ukraine to join nato. that's where the urban union also firmly believes. so, i mean, the point here is the rights of ukraine to be able to join nato at all costs. few believe you wouldn't believe that you crave, shouldn't be admitted to me. it's too intimately divided, highly corrupt. there's functional state in the eyes of many nato, and there was a chance of, of ukraine and we're being admitted to natal instead of is sort of a 3 chain rush has security concerns. and most concerns could have been addressed to the war after all, russia is what america has a main global challenger. the main lower challenger is china, which is seeking to supply the us. as the global has asked us, as the u. s. has already said, sorry to interrupt them, but o

so long as our enemies know this, we can keep the peace. our nationes many serious challenges that like ronald reagan we should have confidence that america's best days are yet to come. our failures for the most part have not been forced upon us on the outside but self-inflicted from within. what has failed at home can be repaired at home. the architects of decline ours on —- are still in power but the grip is loosening. americans are rejecting the democratic party and they are turning to the republican party because we will protect and restore the american dream for every american. [applause] we will govern with strength, pride and honor just as reagan did. so one final story about that democrat of andrew jackson and the republican inheritors of his legacy. with the nullification crisis he confronted calhoun and other politicians who rejected family principles. i believe the country was founded not on liberty but as a new york times me say today , the nation's future hung in the balance and the forces of this union threatened to destroy our public an

the floor today. this bill will authorize national park service to conduct a study throughout the territory of guam to identify sites that would be designated as national heritage areas. it was signed into law by president reagan and 54 other sites throughout the country have been designated as national heritage areas to preserve, promote and enhance the significance of these sites. guam, in relation to our exam is our western-most territory situated closer to asia than america. we have the largest coral reef and deep history of imperial japanese occupation and over 300 years of spanish colonization and 1234 years as a u.s. possession and 3,000 years of present-day indigenous history who these people recognized this month. guam holds story of resiliency, loyaltiy, triumph over struggle and our great relationship with these united states. it is the birth place of patriots who gave their lives, veterans who proudly serve and americans who have sought full inclusion into this great nation. this legislation is one of many steps we must acknowledge the territory of guam in the tapes try that is american de

he would reassure the nation. for gerald ford, there was no transition period no time to settle into the world's most demanding job. when i took the oath of office. and went back to the oval office. my desk was piled high with problems. we had an economic crisis. we had uncertainty with our allies and our adversaries. we had a lack of public trust in the government. i finally came to the conclusion that i had to get rid of mr. nixon's past problems. and spend a hundred percent of my time. on the problems facing the american people as a whole and the only way to do that. was to pardon mr. nixon get all his problems out of the white house. so that my concentration could be on the economy diplomatic problems military problems including how we could end the conflict in vietnam. there were some in the congress. who said that i had made a deal with mr. nixon. in order to become president in return, i would grant him a pardon. that was a total inaccurate fabrication. the only way that i could put it on the record. under o