to creative vision for the parks for the apxtowicz ecom california state park system. his plan in 1928 identified 125 potential sites which are today core to what is oftenbe said toe the finest state park system in theve world and given olmsted's love of redwoods he designed the california state parks planned around the redwood forest arcs stretching up and down the coasts of the league got to work protecting these forests take her by acre. humboldt redwoods state forest. creek state park jedediah smith were all parks identified in the plan is critical opportunities to protect the last of the ancient forests. today the state parks along, those identified by olmsted and his plan contained more than 40% of the world's remaining old-growth bedrock in the heart and soul of the network of redwood parks that welcome more than 31 million visitors every year. now a century after began we remain focused on protecting the redwood forest. that initial objective in tacoma debeginning was to protect what were deemed representative status on the ancient redwood forest before they wer

the column on the national parks regularly appears in the journal parks stewardship forum. ethan is a professor of landscape architecture and director of the masters of landscape architecture program at the university of massachusetts in amherst. a landscape historian and preservationist specializing in public landscapes. three of w his award-winning bos wilderness by design published in 1998, mission 66 modernism 6m and the national park dilemma published in 2007, and the greatest speech the history of cape cod national seashore published in 2019 described the 20th century history of planning and design in the united states national park system. .. civil war abolition in the national park idea, cowritten with rolf, traces the origin of the american parks movements. his latest book boston's franklin park, olmsted recreation the modern city forthcoming in 2023, reconsiders the history of this landmark urban park in the arboretum's neighbor. car consults with let's take architecture termed doping plans for historic park of all time. and now it is my pleasure to have this over.

yosemite was the first park, the first national park. it was created by congress through federal legislation. 1864 that granted the area to california for park purposes. so the first national park was state park, at least for a while. if that's confusing, i'm sorry it gets worse. we haven't even talked about hot springs or the washington mall or any the other places that claim to be the first national park. but yosemite really was in 1864 and lincoln signed legislation while central park was still under construction. and what they both shared at that time and really from the beginning was that they both express and hopes and aspirations a remade american republic. that sounds odd to us today. maybe, but it didn't sound odd in the mid-19th century. a lot of people were going to a war on this topic and. what was a remade american republic? one without enslaved people above all, one that preserved the union allowed it to assume a better form a republic that if still a very imperfect, at least move toward the realization of the goals and idea

parks that we have. in some ways theational parks originated with a place that didn't become a national park until much later i think until the 1940s or 50s which is niagara falls in new york. before a lot of western expansion started bringing awareness of the big monumental western landscapes that we are familiar with, before that in the early 1800s, niagara falls was considered one of the most stunning natural landscapes that north america had to offer. it is pretty stunning. i've never been there. i've seen pictures but it's pretty great. and after the canal opened up, easier transportation than in the new york area, it still doesn't seem fast to us it would take at least two days to get from new york city to niagara falls but that was instead of a week so it's greatly easy to get there and you have an influx of tourists coming from new york and boston from sort of the urban cities wanting to go and visit niagara. they have their photograph taken. i couldn't find a date for this picture but it's clearly a sort of the

it it probably saved the national park. the fact that there wasn't a gold strike or we didn't have a gold strike there, instead of the national park. so bozeman very early became an outfitting point for yellowstone, as did virginia city. and i think that's the that's the key connection, is that those two towns as early as 1880 were in a kind of a competition. and virginia city quickly lost that battle of being an outfitting point. they were just too far away. bozeman. only 75 miles away from the north entrance, sort of won that battle. yellowstone was already effectively the first state attraction. and for tourists in the interior of the american west, that's pretty significant. that's a big deal. it and part of that impetus occurred because they were teaching the existence of yellowstone in schools in europe before, almost before they were doing it on the east coast in this country. and so by the time the railroad arrived at the north entrance in 1883, yellowstone was world famous already. and everybody wanted to come and s

national park service. thend purposes of national parks that olmsted junior so famously described are based on many of the ideas his father had advocated 50 years earlier. so, in conclusion, i ask, why do we need to tell this story now? even i believe it is necessary to revisit our past with openness to new context and new information. connect thing national parks toc the legacy of emancipation and dispossessioncan can hopefully help efforts to advance diversity equity and inclusion in our national parks today. finally, we believe that the 1865 yosemite report can still be interpreted today caution against the private monopolization or exploitation of our national and cultural heritage. also it can be interpreted as a timeless appeal for universal public access to these special places in an unambiguous recognition by government of its immutable responsibility for park stewardship. now and forever. [applause] >> any questions here from our live audience. allen, right? hi. talking about a lot of this legislation

the 1960s. this was a of time there was a big sort of parks, the people movement across the nation. national park service was specifically looking for places to create new parks that were close to urban areas, and that would provide specifically beach access. so this is really what the focus was, both back east. you get places like cape cod, cape hatteras, all these national seashore is a whole bunch of national lake shores in the great lakes and then a series of seashores out here, including rays, the the park was set up initially was expressly designed to try and accommodate the still operating ranches. so at that time there were 25 either dairy or beef ranches operating on the peninsula within boundaries of the seashore trying to keep them in place was both a political the locals never would have gone along with this park idea if it was going to change their local economy as much as taking out 25 ranches, it would have had a huge impact. but then also there are some, if you read through the hearings and the the other the other sort of discussion that's going on about the park, the

yosemite was the first park, the first national park. it was created by congress through federal legislation. 1864 that granted the area to california for park purposes. so the first national park was state park, at least for a while. if that's confusing, i'm sorry it gets worse. we haven't even talked about hot springs or the washington mall or any the other places that claim to be the first national park. but yosemite really was in 1864 and lincoln signed legislation while central park was still under construction. and what they both shared at that time and really from the beginning was that they both express and hopes and aspirations a remade american republic. that sounds odd to us today. maybe, but it didn't sound odd in the mid-19th century. a lot of people were going to a war on this topic and. what was a remade american republic? one without enslaved people above all, one that preserved the union allowed it to assume a better form a republic that if still a very imperfect, at least move toward the realization of the goals and idea

in the united states because of recreation & park commission and if we have the great parks because of great leadership commissioner griffin. >> our managers because of your honor, subsections heros people that do the work today in and out and the people we're recognizing this is william hammond the award winner right here (clapping.) with that, go to the bar and buy a drink it drink is on labor thank you, labor have a wonderful afternoon. >> thank you. >> i think we want to introduce our commissioners. no one more special guest forgot jeff he owns the joint as a commissioner to have that and it is [off mic.] i want to say something obviously we are celebrating labor but also to have labors leadership fighting for parks and fighting on park issues means the world to us larry means the world to us and to all the other labor leaders you be representing our workers but also representing something bigger you're representing quality of life for san francisco you're fighting for market street and economic development and for jobs but are fighting for things that all the things tha

national park service. the goals and purposes of national parks that olmstead jr famously described were based on many of the ideas his father had advocated 50 years earlier. so in conclusion, i ask why do we need to tell this story now. even in i believe it is to revisit our past with openness to new context and new information connecting earlier national parks to the legacy of emancipate asian and native american dispossession will hopefully help efforts to advance diversity, equity and inclusion in our national today. and finally, we believe that the 1865 yosemite report can still be interpreted today as a caution against the private monopolization or exploitation of our natural and cultural heritage. also, it can be interpreted as a timeless appeal for universal public access to the special places. in an unambiguous recognition by of its immutable response ability for parks stewardship now and. any questions here from our live audience. it's only right high periods of time where you talk a lot of this legis

of the national park. so,e very early bozeman becamen outfitting point for yellowstone as stated virginia city, and i think that's the key connection is that those two towns as early as 1880 were in a kind of competition. virginia city quickly lost that battle of being in outfitting point. they were just too far away. bozeman only 75 miles away from the north entrance, sort of one that battle. yellowstone was already effectively the first attraction for tourists in the interior of the american west. that's a significant. that's a big deal. part of that impetus occurred because they were teaching the existence of yellowstone and schools in europe before, almost before they were doing it on the east coast in this country. and so, by the time the railroad arrived at the north entrance id 1883, yellowstone was world famous already. and everybody wanted to come and see it. everybody wantedmi to be on that train coming here so all of a sudden, in 1883, there were 5,000 visitors whereas before, there had been 1,00

and that launched the largest park system in the country, the east bay regional park district. this day it is the goldd standard of regional park systems. again, in continuous dna between the garden club of america, save the redwoods league and the parks district, doctor reinhart, who spoke at the dedication of the garden club of america in humboldt read park is the first woman elected to public body in california as one of the board, founding board members of the regional park district. and tohi this day it bears her name and at that is my neighborhood park where i go almost every weekend. so, the primary message from my remarks today is that we could use a little bit more olmstead these days. we need the communitybu building power of parks more than ever. if we've learned anything from this pandemic it's that we need the healing power of nature in our lives and that if there's anything we've learned from the changing climate and its impact on the communities, we need more spaces where nature can hold sway. when olmstead began to plan, there were around 5 million people living

at first i was engaged in the park. ain thing is photo and lecho and writing, publishing news, studying social networks and more. and now i work as a secretary. mostly. this is document work. i consider it my duty to serve for the benefit of the development of this project in the summer of this year in the great stone on two chinese e-commerce platforms , the national pavilion of belarus was opened and this is another evidence of the implementation of the creative idea of ​​the progressive development of the park. we originally had an idea support our residents in terms of helping them sell their products in china a. she transformed. uh, already in such a retail direction, that is, the sale of any product to the belarusian, uh, chinese consumer through electronic sales channels , we have chosen the two most popular platforms in china. this dong ding-tung is very popular. eg. here, in one number of visits per day, this is 600 million people, that is, this is a huge audience, and, accordingly , they received the right to b

park. this is the national park service and rockefeller was designed and the cap site was selected in and a new design was built in tout provide views of e gap. construction of memorial began in 1939 and built a storm and fdr and 1940. national park service insulted the firm regarding bureau of public roads plan to increase and appointed as architect to review.ith the design one of the last projects was a development of a policy on values and national park by public concern. the public landscape of the national capital and 1901 appointed to mcmillan, the commercial park commission and the national capital commission, a firm the project the washington monument and jefferson memorial and roosevelt island. the cushion between 1910 -- 18 the firm avoided design projects under their jurisdiction but did often have recommendations regarding the landscape of the mall and memorial should be treated. it was later designed between 1934 and five during the fdr administration. they asked to serve as a consultant to the jefferson memorial and they hired the architect for the memorial and howard complete

the 1960s. this was a of time there was a big sort of parks, the people movement across the nation. national park service was specifically looking for places to create new parks that were close to urban areas, and that would provide specifically beach access. so this is really what the focus was, both back east. you get places like cape cod, cape hatteras, all these national seashore is a whole bunch of national lake shores in the great lakes and then a series of seashores out here, including rays, the the park was set up initially was expressly designed to try and accommodate the still operating ranches. so at that time there were 25 either dairy or beef ranches operating on the peninsula within boundaries of the seashore trying to keep them in place was both a political the locals never would have gone along with this park idea if it was going to change their local economy as much as taking out 25 ranches, it would have had a huge impact. but then also there are some, if you read through the hearings and the the other the other sort of discussion that's going on about the park, the

national parks we have. in some ways therks originate with a place that didn't become a national park until much later i think in the 40s or 50s, niagara falls in new york. before western expansion started bringing awareness of big westernn landscapes we are familiar with, in the early 1800s, niagara falls was considered one of the most stunning natural landscapes natural to offer. i've never been there but it's pretty great. after it opened up, easier transportation in the new york area, it still doesn't seem fast to us, it would take two days but that was instead of a week so easier to get there and get an influx of tourists from boston wanting to visit my uncle. i couldn't find a date for this but the late 1800s, one of the problems, the tourists alongside and having their photograph taken with the big you cannot. one of the problems was there weren't any public control in a way we understand now, people didn't haveid that cultural conception of government stepping into control anyway so you get these little tourist stand

national parks we have. in some ways theional park originated withun the place that didn't become a national park until much later in 1940s or 50s, niagara falls and new york. before the expansion started bringing awareness of the western escapes we are milieu with, niagara falls was considered one of the most stunning natural landscapes north america had to offer, i had never been there but it's pretty great. after the canal opened up easier transportation in the new york area, it still doesn't seemed like it to us, it would take at least two days from new york city niagara falls but that was instead of a g week so easier to get there and you get this influx from new york and boston from urban cities wanting to visit niagara. they get their photograph taken and i couldn't find a date for this but it's to late 1800s but one problem, the tourist alongside, the photograph taken with the camera. one of the offices was there weren't any public controls in a way to easily understand now people didn't have that conception of gover

at the region's hot lights patagonian national park. i'm here to find out how these became one of the biggest conservation projects in history. hello hello nice to meet yeah i me and i'm chris calkins but are you a little do. former ceo of their company but that only a priest married doug tompkins an interpreter and adventurer who had found the driver brand the north face. both friends made them by your mentor protection center to their company ethos but chris and doug wanted to do more. from the early nineties both over three hundred million u. s. daughter so plan for preservation christianity and tina. they build parks complete with lodges campgrounds and trails to support a good two recent. after dark sudden death in twenty fifteen preset gary demanded as. president of their foundation thank yous conservation. what was it you saw here may you take a decision that would change you know the next twenty years. i didn't see it frankly dog is the one who's side. he sought a landscape that was beat out and miles of fence line to take down a

this is out in the park right now. this is the resource handbook that is published now when it was first made up it was only for the superintendent of the parka. now you can buy it. this is a collectors item you get at the visitor center. through natural disasters the fires of eight the floods all survived stuff on thehe communities in tough on the people. actually the earthquake everyone stood out of the park. it was wonderful. i was always proud to put a flag up outside the ranger station. this is a thank you to some of the people that help me put this together. you've been a wonderful audience, thank you. and i hope to see you next time. [applause] ♪ weekends on cspan2 are an intellectual feast. every saturday american history tv documents america's story and on sunday book tv brings you the latest in nonfiction books and authors and more including media. come. >> @media column we believe whether you live here, or right here, or way out in the middle of anywhere you should have access to fast reliable internet. that

the park is cleaner. i've ever seen it. i had. anybody that goes there is going to love it and enjoy it. this is a map showing the highlight. so when i was doing tours for over 40 years in yellowstone that i if i had people for one day, i would do a lower loop or an upper loop. if i had them for a week. we spent more time visiting different things. i had people from india and they brought their 25 year old daughter, gianna list of 110 things she wanted to see in yellowstone. and i looked at her list and i didn't even recognize some of the names. i says, oh yeah, we can handle it all. and at the end of the five days, she said, you got all but one. and i said, i think you missed marking that down. anyway, i was happy to see them leave and they were happy they enjoyed the trip. this is jim mccaleb. he was the vice president, forbes and terra and ran the hotels. that type thing in the park and not only here but throughout the west. and he has just retired and a couple of years ago, but cared about his employees. he cared about providin

supplies were going to the park. the left and on the right, it was discouraging the children bridge and it was across the yellowstone. this was some of these approaches, this was current coach and we give people an opportunity and they were selling cars and bus transportation. this is the taxi after across the way and it is here. this was august 1 opening to cars. d here they are trying to get thugh and you can see they are mixed up and they go down and open it up until he got in and they are past. my boss pick her up one day and she was feeding oranges to the black bear and said you can't do that and she says your wife stops it, stop. we had best transportation up to 55 people. the park was cleaner, and i had ever seen it and anybody with love and enjoy it. and there were two i words for everyo we spent more time on different things and she had a list of 110 you didn't see in yellowstone. i didn't even recognize some of the names.ne she said, will but one and i said i think you miss working that not but anyway, i was

it depends on the kind of park. road system that allows you to go to different trailheads and visit the different arches in the park. yellowstone, though, has loops. people come in different entrances. each park requires its own solution. some parks like zion have a shuttle bus system. they need to design a visitor use plan that matches the park you are visiting to make sure that you can move people around, in and out. and one of the tactics the park service is employing is time to entry, which i think -- timed entry, which i think that people are used to. you go online, you register, you get a ticket with a time on it to say that you are going into arches at 2:00 p.m. this afternoon, and it enables you to visit other great things there, then get in the line to get into the park at the entrance station at 2:00 p.m. these are the smart ways to move people around parks, and guarantee you and your family can get in. what was happening were people were stuck in an endless line and they did not know if they would even mak

this is early day transportation the park. there is a display on yellowstone 150 years down the hall and take time to go down and see it. this wagon is one of the original likens thatca was displayed there. here are eight horses teamed up pullingg three wagons from old faithful in. this is one of the carriages that they used to take people to yellowstone for 18 days, self contained up to 150 guests at the time. they had every wagon every horse in and every man that could drive a wagon to help them do these trips. it's pretty amazing. this is a camp above the bridge on the upper falls of yellowstone and we would camp here and block the north rim in the south rim and spend three nights there. this is the photograph that rang a bell with me. people each have their own schools where they had breakfast and dinner and they had lunch to carry every day. those cooks must have been pretty busy. onceel the while and i thought - caught this photograph for my uncle ned a cook whose name was jones a a photograph jumped feeding the bears in

the park service was very much the tourism business. there is a senator from indiana benjamin harrison i don't think he ever visited the grand canyon in his life over some reason which we do not quite understand is very devoted to try to make the grand canyon national park three times the post bills to make it a national park. he again tried to make a national park could not get congress to go along with that it takes an act of congress to create a national park there's a lot of opposition from arizonans because it privately claimed they did not want to see private land claimed by the pioneers and taken away from the pioneers and turned into public land. benjamin harrison could not do it even when he was president he did make it a national force he did manage to make the grand canyon national forest which is bogus because inside the canyon there's not very many forest up on the rim that was one step and teddy roosevelt came along and veryte paradoxical way. teddy roosevelt after was president went to the north rim to go mountain lion hu

in a book about the national parks 20 years ago. washington has done little to live up to its written promises. training of oglala personnel has been haphazard, if not nonexistent. ordinance mitigation of the old bombing range lands is still unfinished. proposed studies to assess whether bison should be introduced into the south unit have been shelved. signage and infrastructure to push traffic away from the reservation and a small visitor center in a converted trailer is all that visitors will find. the tribe has been denied first right of refusal for park concessions. and while it's true that oglala people were promised all jobs in the south unit, there have never been more than a handful at any given time. the conditions or clauses of the memorandum were as carefully crafted to washington's advantage as were those of congressional treaties a century before. finally, the tribe has political problems of its own powerful ranching interests have prevented the oglala council from endorsing the idea of making the south unit a tribal nat

of the first park rangers in the world. ere were onlyy a round a dozn national parks on planet earth around 1903 and 1900. it boggled my mind. ineg detroit it's illegal to say boggled if you are african-american. that will get you in trouble. it boggled my mind people who look like me were protecting the second andnd third oldest natiol park. the giant sequoia and yosemite valley, no, that's part of the state grant. when they were there, he the grove still belonged to the state of california. yosemite valley still belonged to the state of kale. state caln the valley. when iy meet african-americans and they askth why go to a national park and i say, people whoo looked like you were some f the first protecters of national parks in the world. there is a pause. that's a pause of astonishment. we were not told as a people we had a role in the national park movement. it's a movement just like civil rights is a movement i think of waves. when i think of waves i think of water. we have beenwa riding the shock wave of change since th

inpa some of the first park rangers in the world. only around one dozen national parks on planet earth at that time around 1900. it just boggles my mind, it is illegal to say boggled if you are african-american. that will get you in trouble right there. it boggled my mind that people that look like me were in the position ofte protecting the second and third oldest national park in the united states. protecting initially under this grant and protecting yosemite valley. that is part of the state grant. when they were there it still belong to the state of california. yosemite valley stillni belong o the state of california. they looked into the valley but very rarely were the in the valley themselves. they say to me why would i go to a national park, that is not a black thing, that is not something that we do. actually, people that look like you were the first protectors of national park anywhere in the world. then there is a pause. and that is a pause of absolute astonishment. they were not and we were not told as a people that we had

we have a wonderful connection with the management of the problem park. nd talked to some kind of communication. it is very pleasant very important for work. we produce labels to the fullest reality in the cis there is no printing house that could do such things, so it fills the business plan with its own resources, uh video of the stone, and we now have the next project, we plan to launch more new printing presses by the end of the year materials. the administration of the park, when there was a transitional moment, and uh, there were problems with deliveries from europe of the series, they helped us quite actively. uh looking for uh partners in china and everything is there and we are grateful to them, of course, great commissions for this. today. this is over 800 million dollars of investments over 90,000 m² of production buildings were 2,000 old jobs the advantages of the great stone in finding us and people like you in that we invest in the economy, invest in culture. it develops, and i really like it as a startup. e if the company is developing from