that, of course, and drives the trans-atlantic slave trade. of course the, and drive, that internal slave trade. and, of course, the rise of manufacturing in the north end of those two world wars that drive, you know, that they're great migration. of course changes in the world economy drives this latest migration since 65. >> host: how many of these migrations forced? >> guest: the first two are forced, in of -- enormous : dramatic movements of people. and we go beyond that, this question of forced entry becomes a low more problematic. when somebody says i want you to walk up plantations, you know, during the new deal, during the 1830's because i'm aaron mechanical cotton picker, and the government is giving me money not to grow cotton. what you of my plantation or going to kill you, your wife, your kids to when your dog. you don't exactly say that is a free migration. people who are driven out of somalia or nigeria by these various wars against all against all that have taken place at the end of the 20th-century, we cannot inject this is a f

maryland is the author and the subtitle for great migrations i gave the title greater recourse the trans-atlantic slave trade in the first middle passage, the movement of some 400,000 african to the mainland north america. second, migration is the internals late trade the movement over a million the old south as it is sometimes called the black belt to the deep south, georgia, alabama, mississippi, louisiana, across the mississippi river. third, great migration being the movement of black people from the deep south from the soft to the cities of the north and the 20 at century. the total is over 6 million, and of course the migration which is just beginning in 1965 that this the change if our immigration law is that have brought people of african descent from all over the world to the united states. >> if we could, the second migration, the internal migration. why did that occur? >> it occurs it begins mostly after the war of 1812 in the tens of course with and it's driven by the fact the discovery it's close to our skin but we have a nice soft cotton and of course the requires the growing of cot

the success of the trans- atlantic trading bloc is crucial in america. on new york's fifth avenue, retailers are doing their best to boost holiday shopping spirits. there are so many cable department stores here, all of them shining a bit brighter at this time of year. and but the european financial crisis could turn out to be the grinch that stole christmas. meet these women have run their own cosmetic company. -- meet these women who have run their own cosmetics company that exports to europe. nail polish is still a big hit, but kim is worried. >> it is difficult at this time to be a small business. this would be shattering, i think. >> amy, whose sales to japan dried up after the recent earthquake, has cut her inventory, just in case. >> i am being conservative, to be honest. i do not want to have an overstock of things. byproducts are certified organic. the shelf life is about two years. i do not want to sit on it for too long. >> even general motors is counting the costs. profits -- profits fell 13%, based mostly on slower sales in europe. economist

of trans atlantic which got bought it was a part of a i will get fifteen million bucks for continuing dedication to the reinsurer basically just for retiring this is just a very cushy package to just have a smooth transition best job in the world. yeah like a return to the kind of money and when you think you just are retiring. i mean i definitely take that money they save their money and run baby it also pays and they are ladies that's all we have time for today thanks so much for watching our show feel free to follow me on twitter at lauren lyster give us feedback at youtube dot com slash capital account and from everyone here have a great night and we will see you tomorrow. you know sometimes you see a story and it seems so you think you understand it and then you glimpse something else you hear or see some other part of it and realize that everything you thought you knew you don't know i'm tom part of the pacific ocean. thanks. well. science technology innovation all the latest developments from around russia we've got the huge earth covered.

policymakers, but really from a more global days, the international community, especially the trans-atlantic community. but can it do with turkey in the game? and in the paper, i will play a number of different policy areas. i will not talk about all of them, but just a select few. but let me just go with the list. the list includes political party reform, security reset your reform, economic government issues, trade policy reform, social policy reforms, including housing policy, private sector development command accusatory capacity building. these are all areas where i think the turkey experience can actually breathe brought to bear. now i will talk only about three of those today. and the first one is really about political party reform. what we have seen in the arab world is his desire for the political islam to associate themselves with the turkish ruling party, with the success of turkey. so we have seen, for instance, the same name even give in to a party in morocco. a very similar name with the brotherhood's party in egypt. we have seen a number of different statements coming out of

i began my career 35 years ago on the trans-atlantic pipeline project alongside my father, pipelines is all it ever constructed, and i guess that's what brought me here today. united association is the leading trade union representing piping crescent and pipeline workers in the united states and canada. my home local unit, 798 based in tulsa, oklahoma, is a nationwide local pipelines. which would comprise the largest single craft working on the keystone xo project. as an organization united association invest over $200 million in training to assure that our pipeline and other members of the best trained and most highly skilled our industry has to offer. the united association strong support the keystone xl pipeline for several good reasons. keystone xl is a project the reference billions of dollars in capital investment in hundreds of mint in tax revenue and approximate 13,000 construction jobs. i cannot emphasize enough how important these jobs are. the construction issue has wrestled with unemployed as high as 27% over the last two years. during this time we've seen countless worki

tran and southwest this year. we know that southwest is going to pull cities like atlantic city and newport news, and who knows whater cities on the route system, dallas-ft. worth they will quit in january. but, over all, if you are going to buy in 2012, wait for the air fare sales. the only one we have until may is marvin america and they are aggressive from new york to los angeles, $318 but outside the sale period you may pay $400 or $500 and the same thing with southwest. tomorrow is the big sale day we should see them running up to manner. booking for april or may, hang in there, they will have sales but do not bite yet. so, if you live in the sale periods, if you are a leisure travel you can still fly around reasonable and if you are a business traveler whose did not make up his mine until the day before, you will probably pay premium bucks into 2012. >>neil: i hear from people who are frantic that especially in light of the bankruptcy filing, saying you were booked on one of the many hops from, say, dallas to another prominent city and now you are down to no seats and you lose your site because there are less