turkey opens up the air base. hussein decides to punish turkey and launch a chemical attack. he attacks northern iraqi kurds pushing them to the border, as a result of which you have a large population shift together with the refugee crisis, which ends up benefiting arguably the pkk but overall intensified the security question. now 2015 we also have an extra territorial syrian civil war. a relationship emerging from syria into turkey. a new refugee crisis that is worsening the crisis conditions in turkey. so as a result we pretty much look like in terms of structural settings 2015 and 1991 are quite alike. politics. what about politics? in 1990s, basically 1991, there was a general election that produced a coalition goal after rule. in election of june e, which praoutsz a coalition government after a long period of single party rule, which is the justice and development party. one exception between 1991 and 2015, a a little bit party rooted in the political movement passes the 10% threshold, which is the peoples democracy party or hp. so in a lot of ways, 1991 and 2015 are q

where is turkey right now? the syrians want to get rid be it hezbollah, couldn't we let the turkies go and overthrow assad and then turn on isis later? is turkey okay with that? would they be willing to participate? what do you think on that? >> guest: turkey is extremely complex and basically impossible role in this equation, relative to i ts neighbor, it's a military superpower, a member of nato, russian transit, lets not forget the russian ships that we have been observing over the last several weeks have been passed controlled by turkey, it's still basically turkish waters and flight goes over turkish air space. it's been talked about even as a crisis for the european union. turkey was an inspiring member and now the superhighway by which hundreds of thousands refugees from the conflict to europe. tickery -- turkey has a mix role in this. the last thing they want to do is get involved in fighting the conflict, they're either going to have haven't enemy on their doorstep in the form of assad regime or a neig

islam is the most important issue in turkey.arrator: most inhabitants of istanbul are muslims, but here, too, we find striking contrasts. some combine their religion with westernized lifestyles. this dovetailing of this consumer society with islamist lifestyle in turkey i think is something that has arisen specifically from the conjuncture of globalizing economics in turkey as well as a relative freedom of expression, and an increasingly educated islamist community-- and increasingly urbanized. i think that it can be, in a way, an export of turkey to other places in the middle east, and i think that it has been. narrator: but many people are fundamentalists and find their identity in islamic traditions. but they are fighting against another tradition here. beginning in the 1920s, one of ataturk's most significant changes was the formal separation of church and state. since that time, religion is supposed to be a matter of individual choice and conviction. secor: i think that turkey has the potential to be a great model of a stat

many kurds in turkey believe that part of the quid pro quo of opening it is that turkey would get to attack its own kurds, that is the pkk. so of course the idea that you can have good kurds and bad kurds, which has always been the case, unfortunately. on the one hand, the ypg are good kurds and the pkk are bad kurds and that the americans can maintain this fiction i think is very unrealistic. because in fact, we all know the truth that however much pkk may be on the united states list of terror organizations that it has to be maintained. in fact, the pkk and the ypg are one and the same. and this contradiction is going to catch up with this government sooner or later. because while you, you call the ypg your allies and you continue to condemn the pkk and say that turkey is justified in its actions against the pkk, what you also have to realize is that there are many families inside syria, inside turkey, who may have sons fighting both in the pkk and the ypg alike. when i was in northern syria and i went to the homes of people, ordinary people, what i saw on the walls were pictures o

i think it has leverage over turkey because if it didn't, clearly turkey would not for instance, open either the quarter to kobani. of course we also have to presume that a reasonable summit will prevail in over as well. it's a very hard assumption to make these days unfortunately. and what happens after the elections will be key. indeed, whether will have elections at all. but if we do have elections and if they are held free and fairly, then the question becomes what kind of government will we have put in a government, a coalition between the a.k. and mhp will be very unhelpful so we'll have to hope that first of all we do have these elections, that they will be fair and free, betty hdp will be able to participate, that people in the southeast will be able to go to the ballot box and that what comes out of it will hopefully be a coalition. obviously, the a.k. will continue to be the top party i'm assuming and that it will somehow make a deal this time and that earned one look at his losses and they will make a deal with the chp are maybe even a hdp. that's harder to imagine. thank y

for turkey and the region. you cannot have this situation where you have turkey fighting the kurds. and not just the pkk. if you have been following what's been happening inside turkey it's not just the pkk or the youth wing who are being targeted but ordinary civilians as well. this will have repercussions, is having repercussions among kurds across the region. what needs to be done is somehow for the americans to use this leverage, as i said, to get the sides back at the table. because if you don't, i think the cooperation, the alliance between the united states and the ypg will not be sustainable either. you cannot have a situation where the americans are seen to be approving turkey's actions and continuing this alliance. because at the end of the day, the pkk itself will start saying, you know, okay, if you want to go and get rod car and you need the ypg support, they are going to say if you continue to back turkey and its actions against us as well, we're not really sure we can do that. so i think there is a great tupbd here for the united states. i think it has leverage over t

and esteemed turkey journalist who covers turkey for the "economist." and dr. henry who is the director of the middle east program at the woodrow wilson center. we have a great discussion for you here today. thank you so much for coming. i think we will kick it off. >> thank you so much. i'm really happy to be here. i would like to start this talk with really an interesting anecdote i heard from bernard lewis. at the beginning of world war ii, turkish ambassador to uk was summoned to the foreign secretary's office. and they were basically trying to inquire whether turkey was going to join the allied side or remain non-attached. so practically they say that, we have a big instability in our east. we have this eastern problem. at the time they didn't use the term kurdish problem. it was an eastern problem. we're worried the eastern problem will destabilize in case we enter into war on either side. so lord halifax says i have known about this eastern problem for a long while. so, why can't turkey just resolve this issue just like we resolved the scottish question?

-turkey, not just u.s.-iraq, iran, but in the region with respect to refugees, with respect to daesh. what the dimensions of an effective policy that will have some of consequences for the region? >> i believe henri the great middle east, expert to answer that one. [laughter] >> i'm glad i don't have to answer questions. i like being a moderator. >> show we sit here for a few days? look, i mean, -- >> give me two words. >> change in american policy? [inaudible] spent what are the chances of change? >> a i don't come look, the american policy i think is a very clear. is not going to be an american military involvement, direct american military involvement in cd. however, having said this, again, looking at the tea leaves so to say, the united states managed to get the turks to open a -- [inaudible] three bases means that's not just -- gets -- [inaudible] both are much closer to rock a than the other two. so i suspect that the white house must be planning something much more of a post to turn it without groun

was not a place that turkey wanted to defend. it came, it allowed the peshmerga to come after both world opinion and kurdish opinion, especially in turkey changed. look, kobani was a main breaking point for turkish kurds, respective of what happened with the person ga, you know, the peshmerga was a way to signal to those kurds who i said earlier who eventually defected from the akp to stabilize that constituency, and it didn't work. and as far as why the pkk started it, look, i think, what amberin said, i think the pkk probably decided when kobani that the turks were not serious about, it's not just kobani, it's also during the election process. if you remember, during the election pro set, i'm talking about the june 7th, in the period, coming to the june 7th election, both mr. erdogan and the akp press went wild in terms of accusations against hdp. it was a campaign against hdp because they understood very correctly that hdp was the single most important threat to akp getting its place in parliament. so you have essentially a go

to have turkey fighting there kurds not just the pkk if you were following inside turkey it is unjust. >> host: tea or the youth wing better targeted the ordinary civilians as well to have repercussions and what needs to be done for the americans to use his leverage because if you don't it will not be sustainable in their. to reprove turkey's actions to continue the alliance because at the end of the day the pkk itself will say you need to the ypg support they will continue to back turkey. we're not sure we can do that. there is a great opportunity a for the united states because it led not have opened up the of corridor. also have to ruth c. it is say hard assumption to make what happens after the elections is our key. or if we have that at all but if we do the and the question is what kind of government will we -- will we have? so we have to hope that we do have these elections and that they can then participate the people in the southeast can go to the ballot box and it comes out will be a coalition. and to some harriet will make debt deal to cut their losses but that is hard to im

there is a general perception that turkey has not supported kobani, but also, turkey which was not mentioned here, turkey has helped the patchwork of forces go to kobani and fight against isis. and there are other assistance that turkey kids. so fighting the isis is very important. my question is a general one. there are some i heard, but why do you think the pkk has opted for stopping the peace process? because it started right after the search. thank you very much. >> i think i'm trying to elaborate on this at some length. i thought it was the pkk's vantage point, but i really don't have much to add to that. >> just one important issue here you proud of. the fact the turkish government allowed them to cross from northern iraq in two kobani. you have to remember that came much, much later. it was essentially to show -- to repair very significant problem the government had created for us though as an attempt to show we are not against the kurds. we will use the peshmerga to come and help. but the site had dirty been stabilized mostly by the united states air force. let me also remind you mr.

reporter: bombs exploding in turkey. this one was discovered in time and detonated by security forces from afar. others have hit targets hard. at least the 30 police officers and soldiers have been killed and sunday. the government is calling these the deadliest pkk attacks in years. at the same time, turkey continues to pad pkk bases with airstrikes in iraq. and turkish ground forces crossed the border to hunt down militants in the neighboring country. the turkish prime minister erdogan puts the blame on pkk. >> the terrorist group the pkk has shut the door to the peace process by choosing violence and bloodshed. reporter: turkey is less than two months ahead of new elections. it is questionable whether showing strength will get him the support he is looking for. polls indicate he will miss that majority. brent: let's pull in our correspondent dorian jones. good evening to you. maybe you can enlighten us. what does temporary mean when it comes to an incursion into turkey by northern iraq? reporter: that remains the ques

bernard smith, al jazeera, on turkey's aegean coast. >>> the leader of turkey's prokurdish people's democraticty says it has become impossible to hold elections in november. there is a scene of constant fighting since the ceasefire collapsed in july. the marks follow a turkish attack on the party's headquarters. they were protesting on recent attacks on security forces by the pkk. demonstrators accuse the party of being the political wing of the pkk. [ inaudible ] is the hdp spokesman. he is joining us on the line. thanks for being with us on al jazeera. surely all of this escalation must be very disappointing. >> hello. >> can you tell me your opinion on this latest escalation of represents that is happening? >> actually those attacks in the last two days is the result of turkish [ inaudible ] and turkish president continues the [ inaudible ] of the turkey's [ inaudible ] holding our party responsible for the ongoing clashes in the [ inaudible ] pkk, and the turkey security forces. however, our party has for years been standing up to bring the war to an end. we have already declared that we a

this is a trend in turkey.edia outlets, reports of other news outlets, accusing them of criminal activity. >> earlier this month, three journalists were arrested. two of them, the westerners, became the focus of an hour-long show. while the two were released, the third journalist, an iraqi is still in gaol. >> translation: we didn't claim that they were i.s. agents, we highlighted that the world media didn't question. like how come the vice reports got into strongholds and were welcomed there. other journalists have been beheaded in raqqa. person kind of on holiday there. vice news are doing i.s. propaganda. >> translation: during periods of conflict the sharpest edge cuts against those working in the field, especially journalists. out there there's no one to go to for help. you have two options, run through the bull its and broadcast the news or thing about safety. >> translation: lately it has become almost impossible to get accurate information regarding operations in south-eastern turkey, it's not that the

, eastern part of turkey has got much worse since the elections in june.e months running up to the elections there was a steady low-level sort of stream of pkk attacks on the turkish military forces where police officers and members of the military had been killed and then after the elections in june the turkish military stepped up its air assault, air attacks on the pkk while also attacking some i.s.i.l. targets as well but most assaults were on pkk targets and at the same time the pkk stepped up its number of attacks on the turkish military and the security forces effectively ending what had been a 2 1/2 year long peace process that had brought calm to that part of turkey and now a much more dangerous situation evolving there and in run up and in the run up to the second set of elections this country is having in the beginning of november after those inconclusive results in mid june. >> okay, bernard smith or correspondent in turkey, thank you very much. still to come on this al jazeera news hour the bodies of indonesia migrant workers who drown off mala

street clashes as well in southeast turkey as tensions escalate. and walking the picket lines rather than taking to the skies, lufthansa pilots are at it yet again. if you are taking a long flight on tuesday, you had better check your flight. ♪ >> it's good to have you with us. the german government is putting its money where its mouth is. chancellor angela merkel's government pledged 6 billion euros to accommodate a record number of euros crossing its borders. nearly 20,000 refugees arrived this past weekend alone. a number that the chancellor today described as breathtaking. merkel added that a european, not just german, response is needed. this as the influx of people shows no end in site. >> thousands more asylum-seekers are expected to arrive today, just past the estimated 800,000 that the government says will come to germany this year. big came up with the most comprehensive plan yet to deal with the new arrivals. >> what we are now going to resulting that our country will continue to deal with over the next few years and it will change our c

street clashes as well in southeast turkey as tensions escalate. and walking the picket lines rather than taking to the skies, lufthansa pilots are at it yet again. if you are taking a long flight on tuesday, you had better check your flight. ♪ >> it's good to have you with us. the german government is putting its money where its mouth is. chancellor angela merkel's government pledged 6 billion euros to accommodate a record number of euros crossing its borders. nearly 20,000 refugees arrived this past weekend alone. a number that the chancellor today described as breathtaking. merkel added that a european, not just german, response is needed. this as the influx of people shows no end i in site. >> thousands more asylum-seekers are expected to arrive today, just past the estimated 800,000 that the government says will come to germany this year. big came up with the most comprehensive plan yet to deal with the new arrivals. >> what we are now going to resulting that our country will continue to deal with over the next few years and it will change our

in any case, i think turkey's kurdish policy or overall turkey's approach towards the kurds has since then has been increase the number of scottish kurds, decreasing the number of irish kurds. practically, has turkey been successful, unsuccessful? that's quite up for grabs. basically, what i'm going to talk about is, in my recently published book, i basically spent a lot of time analyzing the 1990s, the most violent phase of the kurdish insurgence in turkey. basically, wasni want to talk a how right now compared to the 1990s, more specifically, what's the difference between 2015 and 1991? when the insurgency started. a lot of analyses point to the start of gulf war in 1990 as the source of why things have assumed such a chaotic and violent character in the 1990s. gulf war, turkey opens up an air base to foreign -- western jets. saddam hussein decides to punish turkey and instead of launching a chemical attack, he attacks the northern kurds as a result of which you have a large population shift together with a refugee crisis, which ends up benefitting arguably the pkk but overall it in

it said. >> turkey is under pressure. it's involved in a fight against i.s.i.s. and decided on a double handed approach, p.k.k. being sproved in the fight against i.s.i.s. has it bitten off more than it can chew. >> the primary focus has been against the p.k.k., kurdistan workers party in south-etern turkey and northern iraq. i think the military focus will continue against the p.k.k. it's viewed as a greater threat to territorial security and integrity. >> thank you for your thoughts >>> austria says it will re-establish normal border controls, which were relaxed to let thousands of refugees cross from hungary to germany. after days trying to stop the syrian refugees travelling on, hungary put on buses to take them to the border. mohammed jamjoom reports from the austrian side of that border. >> reporter: having suffered so much the welcome was unexpected. almost shocking. >> translation: now i'm feeling like i get my freedom. >> reporter: two days ago this man walls among hundreds of refugees locked in a stand off with

kilometres from turkey in places. refugees risk crossing here, the land borders with greece and turkey are heavily fortified. this person and others that died would likely be alive had they been able to cross by land to the european union. >> the boys and their mother are being taken back to kobane for burial. they are the latest victims of that country's war >>> ireland's aunt spoke about his death, saying she regrets encouraging his father to make the journey to germany, where they had relatives. >> now abdul e, i said to him "mohammed is there now." before this massive syrian went, and i said to him "do you want to go do the same thing that mohammed did? i will support you with money. and to be honest. i do regret that. i shouldn't send them. they did not have money. if i didn't give him the money, he would not have gone. anyway, he said to me "i want to go, to start with." he was only by himself, he want to go. his wife said a week ago "i don't want to go, i don't know how to swim and i'm scared. how about if we d

in turkey. nearly 2 million refugees. they are coming across the border. if they want to stay in turkey, they can. they residency in turkey. the problem is there's not not enough work. every one will tell you the reason they go further. they are trying to feel more temporary in turkey, and feel the families will have better opportunities. 14 people drown off the coast of malaysia, after a boat capsized. officials believe those on board were indonesians working illegally in malaysia >>> guatemala's president resigned after a judge ordered arrest. they voted on tuesday to strip 64-year-old molina of his immunity. protesters have been calling for him to resign for months, daniel schweimler sent this update from guatemala city >>> fast-moving events in guatemala, tuesday the congress voted to lift the presidential immunity of president perez molina. a couple of days later the attorney-general issued an arrest warrant and the president said he would continue to run the county and take the accusations

bitar arrived in turkey from damascus with two suitcases. he was on the run from the syrian secret police. with his restaurant, he was able to make a new start, and to offer the growing tide of young syrian refugees an opportunity to build their own future. >> we didn't want to leave them in streets. this is what we want, exactly. they want to work in some good places, like a human. this is what we want. because we suffered before them, and we didn't want them to suffer like us. now bitar has six more restaurants in the center of istanbul. and his are not the only businesses on the bosphorus owned by syrians. increasing numbers of refugees are arriving in the turkish metropolis to escape the camps in the border region. the turkish government tolerates that. but not all of the syrian refugees are able to build a new life in turkey. 10-year-old khadijah tries to remember the letters she once learned. she was only able to attend school in her hometown of aleppo for one year before the war started. >> i can write a few words, and compose a simpl

what about turkey? what about kingdom of saudi arabia? what about israel? this dynamic is changed forever in the coming months. when you build such infrastructure, it means you are permanent in this region, regardless of tanks and weaponry and cannons, you know what i mean. this is the situation. this is the new turning point. >> so you would suggest then that russia is actually playing a longer gave him and is positioned itself in syria for post conflict country, they want to have a firm foot hold in syria for once the conflict is over. >> yes, for sure they have a permanent base now. they have reserved a place on the negotiating table, when the political solution will come. so now, this is for president putin to stay in syria, and then he is going to talk to president obama and the u.n. general assembly meeting, annual meeting. this is like a coup, diplomatic coupe for him. he is positions him and preserve his role for the coming solution in the region. >> thank you very much indeed for talking to us live from beirut. >> we've got a lot more to come inclu

in southeastern iraq and turkey. at the same time, you have turkey's elections looming on the first of november, which con sprints critical can go clause and creates incentives to go after the p.k.k. more strongly than they might otherwise. >> doesn't sound like you have much hope for the prospect of an immediate ceasefire or one in the short term future. >> this is definitely going to get worse before it gets better. >> thank you very much for joining us from washington. >> thank you. >> the aid group doctors without borders opens a new reconstructive surgery hospital in jordan serving war victims from the region free of charge. reconstructive or plastic surgery is expensive, so the hospital offers hope to patients. we have this report. >> there are more victims of conflict in the middle east that badly need treatment than ever. this is why the international charity doctors without borders has set up its own specialized reconstruction surgery hospital. a 24-year-old is living with a terrible face injury caused by a

turkey has been going after the islamic state group because that is a target. it all has its i on the so-called kurdish insurgency, sort of embodied by the pkk, the kurdistan workers party. beenis really what it has most concerned with. from the turkish perspective, it is not about going the narrow target of the islamic state group. they see a broader security in broglie out, if you will. there have been military operations that have been aiming at islamists, kurdish militants, and also leftist militants. it is much more collocated from the security perspective, from turkey's standpoint. the coalition really is just glad that turkey is a, helping in northern syria, even there it is complicated because when turkey is trying to strike the goals ise of to create a safe zone, which has not been officially signed off by the u.s. or the rest of the west. but it would presumably repel kurdish militants aligned with the pkk, the ones you are talking about, who are the targets of these strikes, and push them back and remove a perceived threat from them. very complicated

nermeen: we turn now to turkey where a leading opposition political party has accused turkey's rulersf pushing the country towards civil war ahead of november's elections. over the past week, hundreds of offices of the opposition hdp -- or peoples' democratic party -- have been attacked, many were set ablaze. the office of the independent hurriyet newspaper was also attacked. meanwhile, the predominantly kurdish city of cizre remains under military curfew. 24 hour residents report facing a humanitarian crisis with food and water shortages. phone lines have also been cut to the city and the media has been blocked access. opposition politicians, who have been stopped from reaching the city have accused turkish , security forces of having a shoot to kill policy. local residents say 21 civilians have died. turkish authorities have disputed that claim saying 30 militants had been killed in the city. amy: tensions in turkey have escalated since june when the ruling akp party lost its parliamentary majority in a major defeat for president recep tayyip erdogan. the opposition hdp or peoples'

some to turkey, others to remote villages.e are also those who were forced to leave whether isil captured some rebel-held areas. >> ice and assad are the sale thing, they are destroyed the country. isil forms people to go but aim staying, floss way i will leave. i was born mere. >> reporter: aleppo is divided. the rebels have made a few gained, but each time they advance, isil steps in, taking more territory. for those that remain, this is a don flick without end. an ongoing cycle of death and destruction,. >>> the governor of california has di declared a state of emergency as raining wild fires continue to spread in the north of the drought-ridden u.s. state. thousands have been forced to flee the flames driven by high winds and soaring temperatures, 12 blazes are currently burping. most notably in the californian village of middle up to, the wild fired have destroyed hundreds of homes and mobilized thousands of firefighters. one of japan's most active volcanos has begun to erupt. these are the latest pictures on the southern

in 2014, turkey made $34 billion from foreign tourism. so far this year, revenues are down 14%, according to the country's statistical office. >> many tourists we spoke to said they'd have second thoughts about coming here. >> we have booked this holiday 10 months ago, having been to turkey six times in the last six years. this year, had we not booked the holiday, i wouldn't have booked it here. that was concerning. >> hotel occupancy rates were down an alarming 8% in the summer. the number of visitors to the city is actually up, but that's put down to more people stopping off while in-transit on turkish airlines. >> about security, do you have any concern about it? >> no, no, no. before at home, i think about it, but here, no, no. >> we're worried about what happens in politics here in turkey, yes, but now while i'm here, i feel comfortable. >> from istanbul to the aegean, foreign tourism finances more than 50% of turkeys $47 billion deficit, money this country can't afford to lose. bernard smith, al jazeera. throughout asia, it is belie

just a dozen kilometers from turkey. refugees risk crossing here because of the land borders between greece and syria are now heavily fortified. they and the 15 others who died would likely be alive if they were allowed to cross from the european union. the bodies of the boys and their mother are being taken back to syria for burial. they are the latest victims of the that civil war. >> european union leaders are divided on how to react to the crisis. countries like france and germany want an opportunity for sharing out on refugees. they are resisting the european crisis for settlement. >> reporter: as europe's refugee crisis expands, prance and germany agreed to develop permanent rules for all members of the european union to take in refugees and asylum seekers. french president, francoise hollande spoke at a joint news conference. >> i believe that today what exists is no longer enough. for our countries, i'm not going to name them, it would not be constructive. obligations, so we'll need to go further. >> reporter: ho

loaded with your choice of tender corned beef or oven roasted turkey breast.top'em with sauerkraut and swiss cheese, drizzle on our thousand island dressing and toast'em to perfection on your choice of freshly baked bread. don't miss the corned beef reuben and the turkey reuben. both won't be here long, so try one today! subway. eat fresh. >>> the subject of our final story belongs to an organization that requires members to balance prayer, work, and leisure and contribute their special talents. dean reynolds tells us that she does all of that religiously. >> reporter: high on a bluff above lake superior lies the college of saint scholastica and the convent of benedictine nuns who founded the school in 1912. ♪ it is where 70 sisters are living out their special vocation in the time honored tra digtra -- traditions of their faith. all except one of them that is. >> hop do it. give it a good look. here we go, guys. >> reporter: 45-year-old sister lisa maurer is assistant football coach at saint scholastica. and please try to stifle the chuckle. the saints were 1

here in turkey, many refugees head to the same place. it's where you can find the smugglers, the middlemen, the gangsters who can get you across to greece. the smugglers here are charging $1,100 for adults, half price for kids. that's a life savings for many. the risks in these open boats are unspeakable. local merchants are profiting on the desperation. >> this is a life preserver? it looks like a toy. it says "this is not a life-saving device." this is for a little child. >> reporter: the store owner didn't want us around after that. this year, more than 2,300 migrants from across the middle east and africa have drowned in the mediterranean trying to get to europe. >> you can't stand up. miserable conditions. >> reporter: in june my abc colleague alex marquardt saw firsthand how squalid and dangerous this passage is, joining a search and rescue operation off the coast of libya. >> we're here to help you! how many people are you on the boat? 500? 560? and kids? >> hey, hey, hey, sit down! >> every square inch filled with people. they te

they tried making a life in turkey for the last three years, they say. apparent from syrians, turkey does not accept refugees. allow me. my daughter is a student. in europe they know humanity. so we'll try again and again. if they catch us 100 times we will try 100 times. >> the family is desperate to leave and decides to try and fix the engine. they're making their only way to kos to avoid being ripped off by smugglers, but the engine won't start. the family will sleep here tonight. then a few minutes drive along the coast we find another group. they're wet. clearly the trip has not gone well, and they're frustrated to be back in turkey. they're syrians. they salvaged their life vests but their boat is left to drift off. to see what these people go through to try and make it to kos, well, it's impossible not to be moved, really. you know now that they've been forced back to turkey because they didn't make it this time, they'll risk their lives again trying to make it to europe. with dawn we see another boat. it's packed and low in the water. it's passen

but first, breaking news coming out of turkey. at least ten police officers are dead in a bomb attack on a turkish police. the explosion happened in the eastern province. government officials are blaming the kurdish workers party or pkk for the attack. this is just the latest in the string of deadly attacks. on monday the prime minister vowed to wipe out the pkk. >> translator: those mansions will be cleared of the terrorist, whatever it takes, they will be cleared. our nation's should trust our government. i ask for your support. >> armed conflict between turkey and the pkk lasted for 30 years until a peace deal was struck two years ago. the jailed leader announced the cease fire as part of peace negotiations with the government. in april the pkk said fighters would begin to withdraw to turkey. in july 2015 a suicide bombing blamed on isil killed 32 people in the mainly kurdish town just inside the turkish border. they said the turkish government wasn't doing enough to stop isil operations. the pkk claimed responsibility for kill

make turkey.l be a longer-term issue. matt: turkey season is just around the corner. alix: they will not have the flu. while turkey roaming free, those bigger pens, the less likely you will contract avian flu. matt: i hope they don't. alix: who would have thought? turkey and chocolate. one of my favorite subjects to talk about, bitcoin is a commodity. alix: commodity is something you mine or find and use it to do stuff. except for gold. everything else does stuff. matt: that is exactly bitcoin. by computer geeks around the world. and then you do stuff with it. you can buy beer. there's a supermarket in brooklyn. greenpoint. alix: this is the same point people make about gold. it is a currency. it has no intrinsic value except for what you are willing to pay for it. same thing as gold. debate, is it a currency or commodity? can't it be both? i thought video games with bitcoin. alix: the cftc will be regulating the coin. a fascinating development. matt: the price not doing so well. i made my last ma

, the national elections in turkey in june.the run up to those elections there have been increased violence from the pkk targeting turkish security forces after the elections, turkey at the same time it launched new assaults on i.s.i.l. targets it also launched air assaults on pkk positions and as that happened the pkk stepped up its number of assaults on the turkish military turkish forces and at least 90 members of forces have been killed now since june and many hundreds of pkk fighters killed at the same time. and all of this, the deteriorating situation comes as turkey prepares for a second national election on the first of november after the elections in june failed to return a majority government and after the ruling act party was unable to form a coalition out of that election results. >>> the saudi-led coalition carried out a series of air strikes against rebels in the yemeni capitol sanaa. and targeted an airforce base controlled by troops loyal to former president saleh and also damaged homes nearby. thai police have

>> with my son. >> after turblingy, to greece -- turkey, to greece. >> after greece? >> i will try to reach germany. >> i heard that germany are sending botas to get us. >> there are many other reasons for the sharp increase in refugee departures this year, including the fact that according to the u.n. commission, in the last year the share of syrian refugees in lebanon living on less than three euros a day increased from 50% to 70%. >> many syrians have crossed the hungarian border in their journey. various camps have been set up. in one camp close to the serbian border, clashes broke out as hundreds of mipe grants broke through a barrier and out of the camp. there were sense scenes today in the hungarian capital, where hundreds of my grants broke through a riot police cordon. they headed to the tracks there. tense scenes. we are getting all the latest on that situation there and what else is happening in hungary from our team on the ground there in about 10 minutes from now. the british prime minister, david cameron has announced that the u.k. will admit thousands m

they have tried making a life in turkey for the last three years, they say, but apart from syrians, turkeys not accept refugees, there is no way for them to settle legally here. >> translator: even if i'm in the usa or england, or elsewhere, i will go back to afghanistan if there's no war. i promise you. i love my country too much. in europe they know about humanity. they will help us. so we'll try again and again. if they catch us a hundred times, we will try a hundred times. >> reporter: the family is desperate to leave, and decides to try to fix the engine. they are making their own way to avoid being ripped off by smugglers. but the engine won't start. the family will sleep here tonight. then a few minute's drive along the coast we find another group. they are wet. clearly the trip hasn't gone well, and they are frustrated. they are syrians. they salvaged their life vests, but their boat is left to drift off. to see what these people go through to try to make it to kos, well, it's impossible not to be moved, really. and you know that now that they have been forced to come back to turke

turkey's prime minister said he's in touch with iraqi officials.ere is more. >> turkey has confirmed the kidnapping of a number of their citizens. these were construction workers. they were taken from the actual site of the construction in the early hours of the morning. masked men who were wearing iraqi uniform it's they were responsible for a number of iraqis as well. the baghdad operations command has launched an investigation. we still do not know who was responsible for this act, and we still do not know the motives. there are some who suggest that this could an criminal act because kidnappings for ransom are quite common and in the iraqi capital or whether or not there were political motives behind this action. where this took place, it took place in a neighborhood northeast of baghdad. this is in the city, a place where shia militias are strong. now we do know that the shia militias and their political backers have been critical, really, of turkeys role in the fight against isil. even some of them blaming and accusing turkey of being complic

i agree with you that having turkey, iran and russia pursuing separate agendas and in the case of turkey, a shifting agenda, makes it very difficult to move towards the point where we have a clear response, a clear, agreed approach to moving forward in resolving the crisis in syria. >> but in syria, we are salient, and the fact that it's likely to continue is the evidence we've received yesterday. and part of that is because iran and russia are unwilling to countenance the forced removal of assad. so isn't british and american policy actually contributing to that stalemate, and the uncomfortable -- >> how is that contributing? >> because our position as expressed by the prime minister indeed this afternoon from the questions is to equate assad and isil and the removal of assad is the start point of the united kingdom's position. that the rather uncomfortable truth is that while iran and russia therefore are not prepared to contemplate the forced removal is that we bear a share of the responsibility for that stalemate, and therefore, the continuing blood should, the current migrant crisis

but apart from syrians, turkey does not accept refugees. there is no way for them to settle legally here. >> i will go back to afghanistan if there is no work. i promise you. i love my country too much. my daughter is a student, and i cannot afford to pay for bus fair or give her pocket money. in europe they know about humanity. they will help us. so we'll try again and again. if they catch us 100 times, we'll try 100 times. >> the family is desperate to leave and decides to try and fix the engine. they're making their own way to kos to avoid being ripped off by smugglers. but the engine won't stop. the family will sleep here tonight. then a few minutes' drive along the coast we find another group. they're wet. clearly the trip has not gone well. and they're frustrated to be back in turkey. they are syrians. they salvage their life vests but their boat is left to drift off. to see what these people go through to try to make it to kos, well, it's impossible not to be moved, really. now they've been forced to come back to turkey because they

some crossed to turkey. others went to remote villages.ose who were forced to leave when i.s.i.l. captured some rebel-held areas. >> translator: i.s.i.s. are assad are the same thing and destroyed the country and it forced people to go but i'm staying, there is no way i will leave, i was born here. >> reporter: aleppo remains divided and the government has mass troops in districts that it controls. the rebels have made a few gains but each time they advance aisle steps in to take more territory. for those that remain this is a conflict without end. and ongoing cycle of death and destruction, al jazeera. >>> turkey has restored a curfew in the mainly kurdish city and a part of a government campaign to stomp out separatist fighters and three police officers were killed in two different attacks on sunday and gerald tan has the details. >> reporter: defying curfew orders residents in the city scuffled with police. tear gas and water canons were used to dispurse protesters trying to enter the central neighborhood now under lock down. mainly kur

attackers are from the coast guard of greece and turkey.he turkish coast guard ship tried to swamp the inflatable dingy. >> we were tempted by the coast guard. he started hitting her. they kept pleading with them. there was a small child with us, pointing at the child and asking them to let us go. they pointed and we kept pleading with them, but they didn't answer. the waves were in our direction you." >> cory young said he is positive the attackers were turkish coast guards. i knew from the uniforms, second, in the waters, once into greek territorial borders, they turn back to the turkish coast. it was obvious they were turkish from the uniform, and they were in their own territories. >> this man says on the first night he tried to reach greece, his boat was attacked by the greek coast guard. >> the boat is coming around so it was the military that said welcome to greece. he show his kind, and he said numerous people, we showed and he said give it to me. various ways. >> the attackers were wearing uniforms of the greece coast guard, and af