every spring, the u.s. army initage and education center carlisle, pennsylvania, hosts a living history event featuring several hundred reenactors from all eras of american history. on american artifacts, we visit a mock world war i trench u.s. armyom two veterans who specialize in portraying french soldiers of the great war. is about 20 minutes. >> good morning. my name is carter bertone. i portray a first lieutenant in infantry regiment, french army, circa 1917-18. here at carlisle barracks at the army historical education center. giving presentations on the french army and its role in and its links to the american forces. if you take a look here at this system, you'll -- trench system, it's rivetted with wood. the was actually taken off u.s. army manual dated 1917 of a trench system. it was copied from the british manual. veryou can see, this is well-built, very well-constructed. you probably would not have seen a trench system this good in was in theess it rear area, a very rear area n -- quiet sector. if yo

men endured such slaughter for four years.>> tell me about your military service.>> i am a retired u.s. army officer serving in the national guard and regular army for 24 years or so.>> how has the army or military changed from 1918 to today? is >> today the soldier commands much more of the battle space than he did in world war i. units are much smaller. the power that can be put out by the squad is about what could be put out by a company in world war i. so many changes. advances in technology and the ability to know what the enemy is doing is and comparable but the experience is quite common. technology changes but tactics don't. >> good morning. my name is warren clock. a french unit. what i have is a model 1914 machine gun. the most common machine-gun used by the french army during this time.. 1916 to 1918. a very good machine-gun used up until the early 1960s. the u.s. army entered the war not prepared for modern style warfare. the machine guns they had were not efficient. they purchased the guns from the french. probably the more common guns the u.s. used in world war i. the u.s. used

. >> 100 years ago on july 14, 1918, u.s. army aviator quentin roosevelt, the youngest son of theodore roosevelt was shot down and killed near the village of chammery, france, northeast of paris. mark the centennial, we visited the village about the yockelson.itchell mitchell: i'm standing in front tribute to t in quentin roosevelt who was a lieutenant in the first pursuit group in world war i. beyond the fountain into the wooded area, a short distance on july 14, 1918, quentin roosevelt's plane was shot down during a dog night with german pilots. quentin was the youngest child of theodore roosevelt. quentin and his brothers all served during world war i and quentin chose the air service and was 21 years old at the time of his death. flying in the air service was an honor, a tribute for young men who were daring. not long before quentin's plane was shot down and he was killed, he was placed in the 5th air squadron which was part of the first pursuit squadron and they were charged with following and tracking down german planes in t

the u.s. army signal corps created a silent film documenting the journey of the soldier's remains from france to the capitol rotunda and its procession to arlington through the streets of washington, d.c. up next, we will show you the entire 23-minute silent film with narration provided by two world war i historians. host: welcome to reel america on american history tv. 2017-2018 is the centennial of america's involvement in world war i and there will be lots of discussion about the impact of that war on the world and on american society. as part of that conversation, we are going to show you some vintage films from that era that document america's participation. and to help us understand this, because these are silent films, we have invited two world war i historians to help us narrate the action of the film. mitch yockelson and allison finklestein will be with us to look at the 23-minute film from 1921 on the arrival of the unknown soldier to america's shores. allison finklestein, as we start, be

it's actually a marine helmet, but it's a u.s. armyignia, and this is because during world war i three or four regiments of the u.s. marines were assigned to the u.s. army to fight in france, and at that time the army didn't have any insignia but realized it wanted to have an insignia to distinguish its personnel and its vehicles from european armed forces. and so the officer in charge put it out to the enlisted men to come up with a design. one enlisted man came up with the drawing of a portrait of an indian man wearing an eagle feather headdress. another one came up with a star. the officer put the two together. and when he passed this design up the line to request permission to use it as an insignia, his argument was, who is the first true original american but the american indian? and that is why this insignia was approved and it's used to this day. now, the other thing that's interesting is, of course, it was the u.s. army who was fighting american indians who were dispossessing them of their land and confining them to reservation

first, a portion of a 1960 u.s. army film that describes the military situation at the time. the germans reached the river and was less than 40 miles from paris. there was the second and third u.s. division to help withstand the onslaught. both divisions responded with spectacular great and success. the third division, wrote one of the most brilliant pages of our military annals. the second division, began pushing the germans back, and u.s. marines fighting with the second division, reclaimed ground in a fierce contest known as the battle of belleau woods. they began pushing the germans back. important ground. >> american history tv visited key monuments, battlefields and cemeteries in northeastern france with historian mitchell yockelson. theegin the story, we began chÂteau thierry monument to learn why u.s. forces were in the region. mitchell: directly behind me is the chÂteau thierry monument. we are on top of hill 204, which means it is 204 meters high. the significant of the monuments is to honor the troops that fought in the aine-marne sector. aine is one of the rivers,

the other thing that is interesting is, of course, it was the u.s. army who was fighting american indians who were depossessing them of their land and confining them to reservations but in the 20th century it is the army that put forth the imagery of the american indian to represent themselves. when the army did this, they employed the colors of red, white, and blue to depict the american indians. well, after world war i, when modern advertising as we know it took off, advertisers started using an image of the american indian for the same reason, to represent what is truly american, and quite often when they depicted american indians, they would use the colors red, white, and blue, as we see in the famous land of lakes? how many americans have land of lakes in their refrigerator? and we can see the "indian native"' bead work is red and white and blue as is her feather work. you see this over and over again in american advertising, almost famously on cans, but the many advertisers and commercial artists use the imagery of an american indian and the colors

in short, he argued, much like the u.s. army does today in it is counter-insurgency doctrine, that only in a secure environment can pass fix, the political process, flourish. the problem i would argue this morning though is that american military effectiveness, however effective it was, could not impose political constancy in saigon or force either the south vietnamese forces or more importantly the south vietnamese population to view the central government as a legitimate political intent, one which could better combat the insurgent threat. in short, not all problems inside south vietnam could be solved by american military might. now, after the war, a narrative started to grow. and that narrative was based on two words "if only". if only west moreland developed and implemented a better strategy focused more on counter-insurgencesy and less on attrition of forces. if only -- and then those if only arguments proliferated after the war. if only the military had been allowed to wide ten scope of the war. if only public support rem

every spring, the u.s. army initage and education center carlisle, pennsylvania, hosts a living history event featuring

department of justice and served as a trial attorney in the u.s. army and in the judge advocate general corps before opening his own practice in 1976. since then, ira has become well-known for his work throughout our state and the u.s. where he has consistently made it his mission to be a voice for the less fortunate and those in need. in the early 1990's, ira established the least field family foundation that supports both local and national nonprofits and emphasizes protecting the elderly and underprivileged women and children in our south florida community. today i ask my colleagues to join me in congratulating ira on this well deserved recognition. i thank him for his tremendous efforts throughout the years. i am so honored to call ira my amigo. thank you, mr. speaker. i yield back. the speaker pro tempore: the gentlelady yields back. for what purpose does the gentlelady from texas seek recognition? ms. jackson lee: mr. speaker, i ask unanimous consent to address the house for one minute. the speaker pro tempore: without objection. ms. jackson lee:

every spring, u.s. army heritage and conservation center hosts a history event featuring several hundred reenactors from all eras of american history. next on american artifacts, we visit with several reenactors who specialize in portraying german soldiers. we will also go underground in a reconstructed german bunker. this is about 20 minutes. >> good morning, my name is hans. we are here at the army heritage center in carlisle. we are representing world war i soldiers, regiment 52. i am wearing the early war tunic of 1910, 1910 trousers, and traditional jackboots. also, we have the strap and the brown petroleum pouches. the boots, you may know the top -- when it is red, black and white, those are the national colors of germany. the black and white represents areas of brandenburg, berlin, prussian empire. this gentleman is musketeer. he is wearing a later version of the german world war i uniform. which would be the 1916 uniform. he is wearing the load boots. they were a little bit more practical as the war

mitchell: the signal corps was communications for the u.s. army. they were the ones responsible for motion picture and still photographs. susan: and the eastman kodak company, a very storied name. allison: i really like watching these official films, because they always have that little border around the film, and the two flags that is the insignia of the signal corps, those are signal flags. it was a moment of pride to have these. mitchell: so many films were done with reenactments. for example, the british did a reenactment of the battle of the somme. this is actual footage taken in the united states or overseas. susan: this is the background of what got the u.s. into the war. allison, take us into that decision. allison: the entry of the united states into the war is still interesting. scholars still debated until -- debate it until today. what they are showing on the screen here is the u-boat, where the germans were attacking civilians or supposedly civilian ships. this caused a lot of tension between the u.s. and germany. some scholars cite th

army. courtney hodges, first u.s. william simpson, ninth army. alexander patch, seventh army and patton's the highest card in the deck in my opinion at the army level and as my colleague said here, he didn't think that bradley was probably any better than a good corps commander and that leaves me to one of the conclusions from my book. from this book, is that the notion that patton's ceiling was army level really has no merit from my perspective. he could have easily -- he had the vision, the ability to anticipate what the situation should look like 72, 96 hours out, as well as, if not better than bradley. but that is a point for endless discussion. at the bar or at the mess. at the end of the day, when i studied the operations i became thoroughly impressed with his ability to physically move, his willingness to accept risk after he had assessed the situation his being able to cross the line of departure is a bit contention. if you create two columns and line up historians that say he told ike he could go on december 21 and those who said 22, it

. >> next on "reel america," we continue our look at silent world war i u.s. army films with historian mitchell yockelson and french battlefield guide guillaume moizan. officially titled "activities of the graves registration service," the film was shot in northeastern france after the war in 1919 and 1920. this 10-minute film army signal corps film documents the sometimes grisly work of removing the remains of u.s. service members from temporary graves and preparing them for transport to the united states or for burial in american cemeteries in france. we will also show a four-minute film from 1955, which documents the dedication of the u.s. marine monument in belleau wood, france. mr. yockelson: after the fighting had ended, graves registration service teams, which were usually led by a chaplain, would go to the temporary burial sites, which were near where the soldiers fell, and the bodies were exhumed. they would look if the dog tag was there -- two dog tags were issued to american troops -- and then the bodies were either placed in a permanent cemetery or they

previously on "american artifacts," we visited the u.s. armyage and education center's annual living history event in carlisle, pennsylvania to talk with reenactors who portrayed french and german world war i soldiers. up next, we returned to learn what life was like for the 2 million american doughboys who served overseas and the great war. this is about 30 minutes. do?ael: how you my name is michael mccloskey, i'm here to tell you about what the average soldier from the expeditionary force and world war i thought, carried, that sort of thing. what we have to start with, this is the 1910 haversack. this is what we would call a knapsack or backpack today. but this is what all the soldiers would have carried everything they would have needed at least according to the , united states government's view. in the back you have a a pouch where you would keep your med utensils perhaps , a photograph of someone you wanted to have access to quickly. underneath that, you would have an entrenching tool. for most people it would be a shovel. you didn't have

group listened to the french army commander and the u.s. army commander, they made the plans and an amazing thing happens. they launched the attack and by 19 november, the french army is on the rhine river, you get a free trip to the bathroom if you can tell me when the other army group got to the rhine river. on the left the army pushes through and captures strasburg. the engineer of the seventh army has prepared to jump the rhine river, he's worked on it for three months, the army group will jump, that's his admission from eisenhower. is coming down to visit and not to congratulate them for being on the rhine river ahead of anyone else or penetrating the germans in capturing german prisoners with few officers, no such thing. he's down there to tell them he wants to take a core away and give it to patton. he arrives there and finds out that the whole group is rooming to cross the rhine. 450 ducks down the road on the way and timeout, stop, were getting ready to jump the rhine and he says no you're not. stop, cease and desist. , it was an opport

in short, he argued, much like the u.s. army does today, that only in a secure environment can pacificati pacification, the political progress, flourish. the problem i would argue this morning is that american military effectiveness, however effective it was, could not impose political constancy or force south vietnam forces and the population to view the central government as a legitimate political entity, one which could better combat the insurgeant threat. not all problems could be solved by american military might. after the war, a narrative started to grow. and that narrative was based on two words, "if only". if only a better strategy focussed more on counter insurgency the americans could have been better placed to achieve victory. if only westmoreland had fought a better war the united states would not have lost in vietnam. and then if only the military had been allowed to widen the scope of the war. if only public support had remained strong -- if only a resolute civilian leadership had been willing -- if only jane fond

the u.s. army established the tank corps in 1918 to help break the deadlock of trench warfare. the army organized the tank corps with components in the united states and france with british and french cooperation. as plans got under way to train, --, and equip battalions tanker battalions in the american expeditionary forces were initially equipped with british and french tanks to conduct combat operations. only three of these battalions participated in combat operations during the war. other battalions in france were being trained and equipped for operations, expected to last into 1919, but the war ended unexpectedly on november 11, 1918, before they were ready to be deployed. the 301st battalion, equipped with heavy tanks like the one depicted in the book cover top photo, and the 34043 45th tank battalion -- the 344th and 345th tank battalion saw limited action from september 12 to november 1, 1918. next slide please. the three hundred first tank battalion supported british operations in the san quittance sector of the hundred berg line and the three 44th and three 45th battal

up next on real america from 1952, japanese bride in america, this 30 minute u.s. army film documents the experience of a newlywed couple who settles in a soldier's hometown of cleveland. ♪ then, i had michael look up cleveland ohio, my new home. since walter's father died, we are going to stay until we can get a home of our own. ♪ as i looked around me, i was frightened. in this house i would have to face a new life, very different than the one we had known in japan. ♪ the next evening, walter invited his family to come to the house to see the pictures he had taken in japan. i was uneasy because i wasn't sure if these people would like me. ♪ something unpleasant happened to me, walter's cousin wanted me to introduce myself. english was hard for me then, especially under pressure. what i expected happened, i could not understand a word. i knew there was no reason to be upset, but i felt stupid and ashamed. ♪ >> i took this picture on our wedding day. this is her hometown, where we met. this is her mother, she took this picture of me near mount fuji. one thing that espec

retired from the u.s. army after early 23 years of service, where he held key leadership positions, led peace and the contingency operations and earned several decorations and as i watched him walk through the halls on an incompetent credibly busy memorial day, you can just pick him out of a crowd as a member of the military just for his posture alone. in 1999, sergeant retired mcilvenna was one of four former team guards to create nonprofit organization, society of the honor guard, tomb of the unknown soldier, where he served as the first secretary. after retiring in 2012 he served as a state trooper in oregon where he was a medic team leader for the o.s.c. special operations amongst other positions. currently he still serves in the army reserve and is a life member of the v.f.w. which we are pleased to be the home of here. ladies and gentlemen, please help me in welcoming sergeant major retired gavin mcilvenna. [applause] >> thank you for that introduction. i truly appreciate it. thank you for all the help th

the u.s. armyproduce the film's under the supervision of frank capra who originated the series. reel america, an episode from early 1944. next. this 20 minute report includes a los angelest high school students working in aircraft factories, a cartoon featuring "private snafu" and a profile of the marine cameramen who filmed the

the u.s. army into the vortex of battle to hold the line at all costs. these were the only reserve units at the time. they were, in many cases, super divisions. the u.s. divisions were twice the size of a french division and sometimes more, larger, much more larger than a german division. they were rushed to the front. as they were in their trucks or camions, they saw french civilians passing them by an french, french members of the army, throwing down weapons saying the war is over. these men pushed forward into the front, and it was here that lloyd williams from 25, the men set up behind parts of the french army near belleau wood. the decision was made by colonel preston brown, chief of staff for the second division, the french wanted to immediately commit the marine corps and army piecemeal, thrust them into the line. he insisted they be able to dig in behind the french in shallow foxholes and wait. this potentially helped save the war because the marines and army were ready. as the german army

every spring, the u.s. army initage and education center carlisle, pennsylvania, hosts a living history event featuring several hundred reenactors from all eras of american history. on american artifacts, we visit a mock world war i trench u.s. armyom two veterans who specialize in portraying french soldiers of the great war. is about 20 minutes. >> good

the u.s. armyproduced the films under the supervision of frank capra who originated the series. next on reel america, an episode from early 1944. this 20 minute report includes a segment about los angeles high school students working in aircraft factories, a cartoon featuring "private snafu," and a profile of the marine cameramen who filmed the brutal invasion of tarawa 75 years ago in november of 1943. the final segment includes graphic scenes of deh

taylor is a graduate of wake forest university and recent graduate of the u.s. army war college where he received a master's degree in strategic policy studies. he worked on a wide array of issues like national security and foren affairs. it has been an honor to work with a dedicated public servant who began his service with senator game. he will continue his service to representative gallagher. is parents are congratla tower on his service. in conclusion, god bless our troops we will never forget september 11. our prayers to the victims of the wildfires in california. the speaker pro tempore: the gentleman yields back the balance of his time. for what purpose does the gentleman from texas seek recognition? mr. poe: i ask unanimous consent to address the house for one minute and revise and extend those remarks. the speaker pro tempore: without objection. the gentleman is recognized. mr. poe: mr. speaker, world war i ended 100 years ago. during the brutal bloody war, thousands were killed in an area of france and belgium called flanders, flanders field. the poppies bl

the vietnam memorial commemorates the u.s. army and marine corps.the american people's belief for the military invincibility created by the outcome of world war ii matched by the economic success so it seemed only logical to believe that reflected the will of a higher being. the general says they did more to change this country with anything in our recent history iis predicted to suspicion and mistrust we've never been able to regain even though the antiwar movement reclaimed the virtues of che guevara. when daniel ellsberg was asked how he could justify his devastating revelation of the papers, he responded to his question and wonder if it occurred to you to ask the other officials involved how they justify themselves not doing what i did and what made them feel they have a right to keep silence about the lies told in crimes committed into the illegalities and deception of the american people. ellsberg made a critical point for the great lesson he carried home from vietnam. tell the truth. i myself argue the mistake made by the political and milita

this is american history tv all weekend on c-span -3. >> up next -- u.s. army command and general staff college professor richard falconer teaches a class on the non-more focusing on the tet offensive through u.s. withdrawal in the early 1970s. he describes how military objectives and domestic politics changed because of his campaign. also talks about richard nixon's victory in the

the u.s. armymp in texas that see central american migrants makes its way closer to the border. they have been deployed to texas. army engines are building new facilities. officials say the new facilities will help prevent illegal entry into the u.s. and speed up the deportation of migrants. more than 7,000 troops have been ordered to deploy including in arizona and california. >>> a parade in northern california draws 100,000 people. coming up, the largest sikh gathering outside of india and why it is so important to the industry. >> and rallies, why protesters say they crashed the republican led rally to encourage people to vote. >> if hate groups are going to show up, we need to stand up against that. california's public schools rank 44th in the nation. 44th. i'm marshall tuck, i'm a public-school parent, and i know we can do better. in the public schools i led, we got more funding into our classrooms, supported our teachers, and we raised graduation rates by 60%. that's why president obama's ed

the united states funds the class we are on a trip organized by the u.s. army and state department they want to show us what has been achieved since the victory as in russia and they want to encourage small countries to fund the stabilization of the city. in the fight against the so-called islamic state in russia which included u.s. airstrikes destroyed more than seventy percent of the city. there's not much left valley any hospitals homes or anywhere to live and no mains electricity but people are slowly coming back. from a doubt luckily some schools are opening again and we were just. our children my daughter was not allowed to study under i asked now she's in the first grade even though she's older but still she's allowed to study that's not her father to them the u.s. has been giving what it calls stabilization eight to rocka that means clearing mines and rubber repairing buildings and supporting local people but it doesn't mean large scale reconstruction well the united states has said that in terms of rebuilding that can't begin until we've got irreversib

the army and the u.s. military at this moment, the country seems to be increasingly polarized. it's for a simple, we have a disciplined corps of soldiers. the strength of the army with the optional core from the secretary of defense is steady as she goes, keep focused on the .ission, just do your job everything else will work out and it will be fine. stay focused on your job, that's the message that we send our soldiers. going back to recruitment, you talked about some of the issues, but one of the other challenges is the state of the population today. the majority of the views of the 17 to 24 recruitment age is that they don't meet the standards. how are you approaching that societal issue? that's a big part of it. only 29% of american youth walapai. a number of reasons. a big one is they are overweight or obese. experts attribute that to a sedentary lifestyle. but if you scoop that down further you find that those who are medically qualified and have a propensity to serve, the number is less than 4%. you have services all repeating against that small pool of youth . that is wh

the u.s. army was a very small unit.tters and settlers would in settlers would go into indian land. and for a time the american army would come in and burn their houses. they weren't supposed to be there. there on the tennessee river there was a fort hampton. and that was built not to protect the white men from the indians but the indians from the white men. so it is said that jackson decided that he have to move the indians in order to protect them. i don't necessarily understand why he was not a greater friend to the indians. it seems to me like i said injured jackson never gave up. he was a fighter. if anybody could've stood up for the indians it was indra jackson. but it is interesting to know and we have a different perspective in our time now that there were american indians and those who named their sons injure jackson i've been told that was the case after removal. why would american indian leaders named their son indra jackson. if they perceive them as someone who hated them. i don't know the answer to that ques

army. because of u.s. priority changing on nato. what has the reaction from the pentagon been about a pan-european army? >> the idea actually predates a lot of the current discussion. it is something i know germany had been talking about, going back to 2015. in theactually a meme whole brexit debate. a lot of people on the right in the u.k. said we don't want to participate in a european army. we already have nato. whether or not that becomes a replication of nato or draws focus on it, that remains to be seen. it is still very conceptual. i haven't heard anything from the pentagon in terms of a response. >> what you are seeing here is the tension between what secretary mattis has been tried to do since he took over the pentagon, which is reassure european partners that the u.s. commitment to the alliance is ironclad, and then the questioning created by the president whether or not the united states needs to be there. >> thank you. first time appearing. i hope you will come back. appreciate it. >> today, president george w. bush and f

so the man that's retired u.s. army in the doorway, we've got more work to do and we'll do it. because that's what's made this country great is people working together. not just democrats. but republicans and independents, libertarians, working together the same way my grandparents did when they built that red barn you see on the sign right there, working with their neighbors to build it. same way my parents did when they built the community hospital in big sandy and the community came together. that's what make this is country great. and i would love to tell you that this country is on the cusp of coming together but it isn't. it may be more divided today than it was yesterday. i don't know. but i can tell you that we need to work together in this country. we need to hold people accountable for their actions. and that will be done. and we need to make sure that we move forward in a way that we have the strongest middle class ever. that's been the envy of the world and will continue to be the envy of the world if we have policies coming out of washington, d.c. that make sense f

was world leaders, and when the u.s. army first arrived in france was seen as inexperienced and in terms of equipment and war material, they was relying largely on the french simply because they hadn't figured out the type of supplies needed in war and you think about warplanes, to some extent, the u.s. was not actually up to speed in 1917 as far as military aviation. the united states without necessarily the decisive factor as far as battlefield experience in helping to turn the tide of war. but in material terms and only in the terms of manpower, the u.s. by raising an army of potentially 4 million, and having a delicately poised struggle of virtually even strength, this was inevitably going to have an impact, which is one of the reasons why the germans was in a rush to end the war. we see that a couple of things now or in the air. some have taken the moral high ground as far as ending the war and they wanted copycat revolution to break out across europe and these universal principles like international socialism to try. pa

the u.s. army signal corps produced the films under the supervision of frank capra who originated the series. next on reel america, an episode from early 1944. this 20 minute report includes a segment about los angeles high school students working in aircraft factories, a cartoon featuring "private snafu," and a profile of the marine cameramen who filmed the brutal invasion of tarawa 75 years ago in november of 1943. the final segment includes graphic scenes of death that may disturb some viewers. [video clip] ♪ [american military anthems playing] ♪ narrator: remember her? the girl in the old jalopy? sure, you do. kids are still ordering a coke with two straws at the corner drugstore, still passing the fraternity pins around. high in losield angeles, they have a new twist. it's reading, writing and riveting now. that's right, i said it. riveting. welding, filing, and a lot of other subjects the junior set never took before. here is what the well-dressed co-ed wears at garfield. where your girlfrien

he served in the u.s. army before going on to create characters that became household names. characters including spider man, ir man, incredible hulk. his famous cat phrase hangs above a b comick self-right there. he tried to make super heros se like real people. >> it's no fun reading about somebody that's yorfect. u want to read about people that i you canntify with. we all have problems and we're all flawed. >> actor seth roge said thank you stan lee for making people that feel different realize they are special. >> x-men is all about that. >> i wasn't a comic book kid but n adult i have fallen into that universe and youatch i again and again and it's good every time. an they're all good. there's so good ones. still ahead, what researchers say nearly all of us do every day that could be impacting our mental health. >> plus we continue our series on getting you the best sleep possible. what you can d to ensure that you're getting enough shuteye. >> and a reunion decades in the making. >> we may have a little in-snow ra> new research suggests scaling back on social media.in

edwards father of what he had served in the u.s. army in the first world war giving the family american citizenship. in one thousand nine hundred one he set up a stationary business with his cousin in cairo that meant the family would spend a good deal of time travelling between jerusalem and cairo for the next few years. while in the edward but it's not all men feel osteen and woman i laugh at how a ball can rebel i mean that puts care on day in our care. mission and dean and ladley can or cannot stand to be among. mao zedong and show him how we can i say hey you might do on a can or less can use the shepley beheading be eggy. macking a shower. and nobody until the heck what have we left so that the whole bot. ok. still got c. and b. musser well before last year. i. couldn't i must. well enough to work and. all families invent their parents and children give each of them a story character fate and even a language there was always something wrong with how i was invented and meant to fit in with the world of my parents and four sisters. w

>>> next, two u.s. army vietnam war veterans recall their experiences leading enlisted soldiers and draftees as platoon leaders. this 70-minute event is part of a conference titled "the vote naum war at 50, critical reappraisals." >>> we're going to jump off this afternoon and we're going to jump from the strategic level down into the operational and tactical level. this afternoon we have a distinguished panel of vietnam veterans, each of whom was a small unit leader and was among the last of the united states military officers who lead a combination of regulars and draftees. of course we know, since 1973, the military services are an all-volunteer service. so what we'd like to hear from our panelists today, among other topics, is this subject of leading both regulars and draftees, true citizen soldiers. so we're honored to have two panelists today who were tough veterans. first is phil giioia, class of 1967, who had ten years of active service, including command of two infantry companies in combat. he earne

and the papers of joseph feiner and the collection of the u.s. army school at fort benning georgia. both patton and viner held positions of authority in the aef tank work headquarters. several infantry officers who served in the court during the war also wrote about their personal experience and papers for the infantry officer advance course at fort benning georgia in the late 1920s and early 1930s. next slide please. >> i first became aware of the reports when i began my career as a deputy field branch historian in oklahoma in the early 1990s. at that time, the library was one of the best libraries in the army that started in 1915. when i started my career in the early 1990s i saw a file copy of the personal account of reports i said wow, these are pretty interesting, somebody, someday should get these published. well, that was in the early 1990s and i had several book priorities and publications before this. so, about six or seven years ago when i was getting the project dusted off and working on it, over the next year or two after that, i had the good fortune of living here in wa

. >> next on reel america, two world war i scholars help explain what's happening in silent u.s. army films documenting the meuse-argonne offensive of 1918. it lasted from september 26 to culminated ind the arm tis, which -- armistice, which ended the great war. guests are historian mitchell yockelson, author of pershing'sow warriors came of age to defeat war i,"an army in world and french battlefield guide up inume moizan, who grew the region where the fighting took place. he frequently joins on guided tours of the battlefields. the offensive is called meuse-argonne, because the left of the american attack was the argonne forest and the right was the meuse river, about 25 miles to the east. this is about 207 minutes. this is about 20 minutes. >> and it kicks off on the 26, 1918, september with a huge artillery barrage. 3,000 guns fire early in the morning. towards the german lines. we see the infantry jumping off, around 5 a.m. argonne is kind of rolling hills so you never know whenyou're going to expect you go through a hill, down into the next valley. and it's always, always rollin

watch this weekend on american history tv on c-span 3. >> 100 years ago on july 14, 1918, u.s. armyaviator quentin roosevelt, the youngest son of theodore roosevelt was shot down and killed near the village of chammery, france, northeast of paris. mark the centennial, we visited the village about the yockelson.itchell mitchell: i'm

attorney general clark, budget director schulz, and the men president johnson had put in charge of u.s. army troops, and after calling on vance to give an up-to-date report on the situation, the president gave us our marching orders. he charged us, the carter commission, to investigate the riots and recommend action, again, not only from the law and order standpoint, but also in regard to their deeper causes. "let your search be free," he said. "find the truth and express it in your report," and that is exactly what the commission famously did, which as it turns out not only shocked the conscience of the nation but greatly upset president johnson as well. a highly competent and caring washington attorney general, david ginsburg, was named as the commission executive director, and he rapidly hired an outstanding staff, all of who it was my great honor to work with. the commission set to work in the treaty room of the executive office building adjacent to the white house. we held 20 days of hearings from august to december 1967 with 130 witnesses ranging from dr. martin luther king jr. to fbi

you are inventing it as you go, tactics, procedures, that the u.s. army uses today, figured out in 1914-1918. the problem was 660 shells is that is a lot of people back home, doing a lot of production. the politicians are telling the generals, you guys figure it out. our society is under immense pressure, and at the end of the day, he might be right i am not sure how we can push people before they crash. giving you 660 pounds of shell per yard of trench, figure out what that sweet spot is to do it. so, of course they are telling you the truth, in this revolutionary period of warfare, these generals have to learn the craft, and have to figure out the new realities. something that they have never been prepared for and sadly, when you figure it out, it is costing human lives to do it. but there is a second problem, when you start firing 660 pounds of shell per yard of trench, you are literally changing the face of the earth. i love these pictures, little farmhouse, that is what that looks like in june 1916, and that is what that same farmhouse looks like les