the viet cong dug tunnels in several levels, placing them on top of each other and connecting them withrow passages. the tunnels went 20-25 m deep, turning into underground cities. hospitals, training camps, warehouses, barracks, kitchens, and printing houses were located on different floors. the partisans kept a lot of captured weapons in their weapons warehouses. according to legend, they once managed to hide an american battle tank in their dungeon. homemade anti-personnel mines were created in primitive forges; the partisans had enough drinking water and food, in order to lead a relatively safe existence for months, ventilation shafts were located in the dungeon, providing the communists with fresh air. volunteers became tunnel rats; their main qualities were short stature, quick reaction, courage , psychological stability, and the function of penetrating labyrinths and clearing them of partisans. tunnels with traps in the tropical jungle were fraught with a lot of deadly surprises, but go figure out where the underground passage will lead, to a weapons depot or an ambush. tunnels t

the viet cong dug tunnels in several levels, placing them on top of each other. and connecting each other with narrow manholes. the tunnels went 20-25 m deep, turning into underground cities. hospitals, training camps, warehouses, barracks, kitchens, and printing houses were located on different floors. the partisans kept a lot of captured weapons in their weapons warehouses. according to legend, they once managed to hide an american battle tank in their dungeon. homemade abominations were created in primitive forges mines. the partisans had enough drinking water and food to keep them relatively safe. for months, ventilation shafts were located in the dungeon, providing the communists with fresh air. volunteers became tunnel rats ; the main quality was short stature, quick reaction, courage, psychological stability, the main function was to penetrate labyrinths and clear them of partisans. tunnels with traps in the tropical jungle concealed a lot of deadly surprises, but go find out where will lead to an underground passage, to a weapons depot or to an ambush. the tunnels were very narrow

the viet cong dug tunnels in several levels, placing them on top of each other and connecting them withnto underground cities. hospitals, training camps, warehouses, barracks, kitchens, and printing houses were located on different floors. the partisans kept a lot of captured weapons in their weapons warehouses. according to legend, they once managed to hide in their dungeon american battle tank. homemade anti-personnel mines were created in primitive forges. the partisans had enough drinking water and food to lead a relatively safe existence for months. ventilation shafts were also located in the dungeon, provide. volunteers became rats, the main quality, short stature, quick reaction, courage , psychological stability, the main function was to penetrate labyrinths and clear them of partisans, tunnels with traps in the tropical jungle concealed a lot of deadly surprises, but go and understand where the underground passage will lead, to a weapons warehouse or to an ambush, the tunnels were very narrow and you had to crawl or squat along them , it was dark and stuffy. in addition to the

a network of tunnels stretching 150 km allowed the viet cong forces to deliver painful blows to the very, and although in 1966 the americans, as part of operation crimp, discovered the entrances to the underground network, they were never able to eliminate the heaps. v to conduct combat operations in these tunnels, while the effectiveness was quite low, the mortality rate, unfortunately, for the military personnel of the united states and america was high, that is , somewhere going underground, up to 50% of the personnel did not return, despite the fact that they also took take explosives with you, make barriers, blockages. the americans poured into the tunnels, the notorious agent orange, even created a combat unit called tunnel rats, but the brave and two-meter jocks didisema simply got stuck in these same tunnels, because the width such a path rarely exceeded 100 cm, as did the height. the vetkong dug tunnels in several levels, placing them on top of each other and connecting them together with narrow ones. the tunnels went 20-25 m deep, turning into underground cities. hospitals, tra

a kind of coalition arrangement with south vietnam sharing power with the viet cong in kind of what we called a leopard spot arrangement. in south vietnam, where, where they control part of the territory and the south vietnamese government. the other part, we could have ended that war by them, by the middle of 1970, if it hadn't been for the, the cambodian crew and any invasion. when you have 550000 troops involved and you have already lost 35000, you can test it. and it's all like a television said and said, we don't care about the people who it rely ends on. i would have cast if they'd uh, with us and to technically how to get 500000 people out of a country. if you think of them properly and people have no evacuating a few 100 people. so we saw the systematic retreat lived, strengthening the people who we had supported was a necessary cause. and in fact, uh so i think there was no answer because the americans pictured the war ending in trial. instead, they were dependent on the goodwill of their enemies and kissed inches. negotiating counterpart later told the super pallet was humili

and the viet minh now, the viet cong had spilled their blood fighting the french while zam was not inthe country. in the country at that point. so i said, kennedy inherits this policy. and i mentioned that as a candidate, he was a pretty keen observer of the international arena. we got no nobody in kennedy. we've got two things. we've got one, a cold war skeptic who really does sense that we don't have to get involved in a lot of international struggles in that it's better move better off if we don't. he's very reluctant to intervene in cuba, but kennedy, the politician, knows that rattling the saber and taking a very tough cold war stance makes him more popular. we were talking about this a little bit before. yeah. so, yeah, the 60 election. yeah, the 60 election in august of 1960, kennedy was six points behind nixon. and he turned to this political consulting firm known as symbol maddox, which claimed to use the computers of the era era to do computer simulations of how the voters would react. if you try different tactics and in august, they say to kennedy, the top three issues are

viet cong when fighting the u.s.vietnam did not just walk out into the field and say, "here we are." they embedded themselves in village. this is the nature of fighting against an insurgency. it does not give you carte blanche to then basically go and kill vast numbers of civilians. the underlying lesson is you can't defeat an insurgency unless you address the core political grievances. this is the fundamental flaw behind israel's strategy. israel, it is so tragic to see it because it is been happening again and again for decades. israel went into southern lebanon in the early 1980's to depose the plo and kicked the plo out of lebanon. they ended up in an occupation that led to hezbollah. israel is not laying the foundations here for anything that will lead to mutual coexistence and freedom between the two societies. the civilians it kills arlington a groundwork for more and more destruction and death of both sides because israeli leaders are not willing to face the fundamental fact and american leaders are not forci

and north vietnam and viet cong troops conquered u.s.etnam. >> the withdrawal from vietnam was an american tragedy. nick: kissinger never expressed regret over vietnam or any decision. in 2003, he told jim lehrer the priority was to put vietnam aside so he could focus elsewhere. >> all you could do is try to preserve a minimum of dignity and save as many lives as you could. nick: kissinger's peace efforts extended to the middle east. in october 1973, egypt and syria attacked israel on yom kippur. kissinger held so many regional meetings, he helped create the term shuttle diplomacy. it helped lead to israeli-egypt negotiations, and edged the soviet union out of the middle east. kissinger's concern over communism, and his realpolitik, peaked in chile. in 1973, the u.s. helped the military overthrow the democratically elected socialist government and install general augusto pinochet. pinochet's military dictatorship caused the death, disappearance, and torture of more than 40,000 chileans. but kissinger's priority was preventing communist d