and yamamoto prepared a memorandum for his prime minister and he said the following. if i am told to fight regardless of the consequences, i shall run wild for the first six months or a year. but i have utterly no confidence for the second or third year. i hope therefore, mr. prime minister, that you will endeavor to avoid a japanese/american war. now that's the man who is eventually tasked with the job of starting the war, the master planner of the pearl harbor attack and later the less well-fated midway attack. again, the striking thing to me looking back on this historically is that yamamoto knew something that apparently hitler didn't know. the first rule of warfare laid out many hundreds of years ago. he said the first rule of warfare is know your enemy. what yamamoto knew was that the united states had industrial and financial resources at such a depth and on such a scale that if they could be fully mobilized in a certain period of time, that the fate of the axis power of japan and germany was sealed. this was the great contribution that the americans could make

i'm miki yamamoto in tokyo. >>> japan's prime minister has started a three-day visit to hawaii. he will remember the victims of japan's surprise attack on pearl harbor 75 years ago error the strike on the u.s. naval base pulled the americans into the second world war. shinzo abe is paying tribute to american war dead at the national memorial cemetery of the pacific. about 50,000 people are buried at the cemetery, including u.s. military personnel who died in the pacific and vietnam wars. several japanese prime ministers have visited the site since world war ii. abe has also visited a memorial to a japanese fishery training vessel that sank off hawaii in 2001. it was hit accidentally by a u.s. submarine, killing nine people, including high school students. on tuesday, abe is scheduled to hold his last meeting with barack obama. the president's term ends next month. the leaders will also visit the "uss arizona" memorial where they will offer flowers and deliver remarks. ahead of the visit, the governor of hawaii gave an exclusive interview to nhk. david ige is a third-generation j

with so few look up we will awaken the sleeping giant yet people claiming that yamamoto said this. in then realized it was made up for the movie tora, tora, tora based on a letter that he wrote hopes. but what i love about yamamoto is that with the momentous battle that he lost two fingers so his nickname was 80 because a manicure cost 100 set. >> so one of the first interpretations and then they were battling in court. >> to mark the 70th anniversary of these attacks on pearl harbor they have joined for the first hour of "in-depth" they will go away from us at this point but american history is on every weekend and to learn more about pearl harbor joining american history dtb next saturday morning there you will see the december 7 ceremonies and here first-person accounts from veterans and the speech to congress with the declaration of war and live a few were collins on american history tv next saturday. missouri go ahead. >> caller: good morning. this might be a little different and not the veteran of pearl harbor or will do more to do and actually a korean from vietnam that i ex

but their intelligence people, the americans left it to the japanese to announce yamamoto's death. the american announced a couple of japanese aircraft have been shot down, but they didn't give away that they knew that yamamoto had been on one of them. they waited till the japanese had a big funeral in tokyo. conversely, the could have been a disaster after midway one american newspapers reported was ahe midway success result of code breaking successes. what this sort of stuff can do. we have to save the guys on the other side have been paying the allied were fantastically lucky to get away with what they did. >> we have time for one quick question and one quick answer. could you please stand? >> a few months ago, i went to james bond, 165 people were there. i listened for 80 minutes to two gentlemen about james bond, about double 07, double agents. every 15tion is minutes, have drinks. mention that he was a fighter. they were not doing it for the money. >> i think you better come and ask me that when i can understand what the question was. >> referencing james bond, ian fleming an

the itinerary of admiral yamamoto and whether or not you felt that that made a significant contribution to the culmination of the war. >> that also -- that was an issue which i'm sure you know was very controversial at the time because the big question was they discovered whether the japanese commander in chief, by far japan's ablest senior strategist, where he's flying to, and they know where they are going to be able to find him, but big question is how big is was danger that the japanese were going to notice something fishy if they suddenly see these fighters so it was a big argument about whether the risk of the japanese on their codes was compromised was worth it. in the end they took the risk, and they got away with it because japanese counterintelligence, the japanese did such an extraordinarily genius people and they made wore unbelievably bad, thank goodness and the intelligence people, the americans i suspect you know, left it to the japanese to announce yamamoto's death. the americans announced that a couple of japanese aircraft had chopped down and were given away by a whimp

but their intelligence people, the americans left it to the japanese to announce yamamoto's death. the americans announced a couple of japanese aircraft have been shot down, but they didn't give away that they knew that yamamoto had been on one of them. they waited until the japanese had a big funeral in tokyo. conversely, there could have been a disaster after midway one american newspapers reported that the midway success was a result of code breaking successes. it is scary what this sort of stuff can do. i mean, we have to say, if the guys on the other side had been paying attention, the western nations, the allied nations or just fantastically lucky to get away with what they did. >> we have time for one quick question and quick answer. alex, can you please stand? >> ok. i am serbian. i went to the smithsonian .nstitution to hear james bond 165 people there and were there. it was sold out. listened to the seminar to the two gentlemen about james bond, about 007. and about double agents. for you, my question is every 15 minutes. , in this they every 15 minutes. they did not ment

i would like your ideas on the importance of the code-break of the itinerary of admiral yamamoto and whether or not you felt that that made a significant contribution to the culmination of the war. >> that also -- that was an issue which i'm sure you know was very controversial at the time because the big question was they discovered whether the japanese commander in chief, by far japan's ablest senior strategist, where he's flying to, and they know where they are going to be able to find him, but big question is how big is was danger that the japanese were going to notice something fishy if they suddenly see these fighters so it was a big argument about whether the risk of the japanese on their codes was compromised was worth it. in the end they took the risk, and they got away with it because japanese counterintelligence, the japanese did such an extraordinarily genius people and they made wore unbelievably bad, thank goodness and the intelligence people, the americans i suspect you know, left it to the japanese to announce yamamoto's death. the americans announced that a couple of

admiral yamamoto supposedly said that. don't know that it is an established fact that he actually said that. it is certainly reflected his sentiment that the united states would be an extremely formidable opponent. he had lived in this country as somend both times sort of military attache at different levels. he traveled around the country a lot. he spoke english. he even went to an iowa-northwestern football game. he had an appreciation, and he was a big fan of abraham lincoln, too. thead an appreciation for industrial power of the united limitless's seemingly natural resources. he understood that in any long war, the united states would be able to replace its losses much whichr than japan would, turned out to be the case. his boat was not the deciding vote on whether to go to war with the united states. think, toponding, i what he regarded as an inevitable decision. i cannot stop was going to happen, i'm going to make the best of it by launching this surprise attack on pearl harbor to eliminate the threat that existed in

i think there was an under estimation of what yamamoto sides almost.all that is my feeling about it. leaders, navy,y when hestaff, nagano, looked at the plans in the october, he said no way. we are not going to do it. it's too risky, we cannot win it anyway. why should we risk so much? we will lose all of our possessions. ian buruma: it is hard to underestimate the human capacity for self-delusion. for example, there is a wonderful film made in japan in 1942. it came out in december 1942. it was commissioned by the imperial japanese navy to celebrate pearl harbor. they re-created the attack so well, it was one of the first films that used special effects so skillfully that it is still sometimes used in documentaries about pearl harbor because there is very little actual documentary footage on it. and one of the scenes shows the pilots and so on on these aircraft carriers on their way to pearl harbor, and they listen into the american radio on hawaii, and they hear jazz music, and dance. they all giggle and say, this is the americans and decadence, need americans. all they can do is d

. ♪ ♪ ♪ ♪ >> that's nhk "newsline" for this hour, i'm miki yamamoto in tokyo.or staying with us. elaine: beef is a major part of argentina's vibrant culture and identity. after a long and steady decline, can it once again become one of the world's top exporters of beef? i'm elaine reyes in washington, d.c. and this is "americas now." first up... tango, bold malbec wines, and tender cuts of meat; 3 reasons why people travel from all over the world to experience argentina. but the beef industry has fallen on hard times as its production and exports have dropped. [man speaking spanish] translator: a while back, the market received over 20,000 animals per day. now it's between 8,000 and 10,000. man: but that looks set to change. elaine: correspondent joel richards went to the south american country's grasslands, where the beef industry is

and japanese relationship is going bad and yamamoto prepared a memorandum for his prime minister. he said the following, "if i am told to fight, regardless of the wildquences, i shall run for the first six months or a year. but, i have no confidence for the second or 30th. i hope you will endeavor to avoid a japanese-american war." that is the man tasked with the job of starting the war. the mastermind of the pearl harbor attack any less wealthy did midway attack. the striking thing to me is that riventropp both kennew somethigng that hitler dd not know, the first rule of warfare is know your enemy. what yamamoto and riventropp the united states had industrial and financial resources at such a depth and on such a scale that if they were fully mobilized in a certain p eriod fo time that the fate of was sealed.ers this was a great contribution the americans could make to the war effort. franklin roosevelt, as it happened, said something very similar to visit the famous address would be said "we shall be the great arsenal of democracy." he did not say the sword, or the shield, but th

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we turned that way too and we got over there and they had sunk that yamamoto, the had them all stationed to catch guys like us. we sank it, but we were still weut 150 miles east of where were supposed to go. we were getting into that area where japan's land planes could reach us. we didn't want them to jeopardize us. we took everything out of the got gas to put in gas cans. bombs alreadyound on the planes. of all the time i was in the navy, it was the roughest seas. taking green water on the flight deck. some said they had never seen that. the army pilots, we started launching them and to the ship was going up and down so that down, andow started they started these bombers down knot the way it was a 30 wind. up, that flight deck threw them up in the air also. all of them got off. hisof them forgot to put flaps down and when he got to the end of the ship, he got out of sight. down, heow came back was sucked down. all right.l got off >> that is an incredible memory. the way he tell the story is just like we were there. you describeould your road to becoming an aviator. 12:30 on december 7

yamamoto said the americans have to be knocked out. they don't want war.germans, watched american politics and understood it was a 50/50 split between interventionists and isolationists in the country, tilting more to isolationist. they knew in 1940, roosevelt had wonising not to go into war. the japanese felt the only way to do it was to knock out the u.s. pacific fleet, a direct blow that would force the americans back. of course, he made a mistake. he thought if you hit the american people hard enough, they're going to back away. in fact, the opposite occurred. the blunder -- the tactical blunder by yamamoto is that the attack did not knock out the pacific fleet. it was horrendous. about 3,000 people died. but the aircraft carriers, america's aircraft carriers were out of the harbor. the japanese therefore didn't hit them. the japanese also didn't hit the strategic oil reserve. they could have knocked out the fleet for some time if they had blown up all the oil drums. they didn't. the attack that he had planned, which was to knock the americans out of t

anyhow, we turned that way too and we got over there and they had sunk this jap ship that yamamoto, the jap general or navy guy had them all stationed to catch guys like us. we sank it, but we were still about 150 miles east of where we were supposed to go. we were getting into that area where japan's land planes could reach us. theyd so few carriers didn't want them to jeopardize them. we took everything out of the b-25's and got gas to put in gas cans. it was like roman candles in a bundle, took some of them. and they had 500 pound bombs already on the planes. of all the time i was in the navy, it was the roughest seas. we were taking green water on the flight deck. some said they had never seen that. the army pilots, we started launching them and to the ship was going up and down so that when the bow started down, and they started these bombers down and they went down hill. by the way it was a 30 knot wind. when they got up, that flight deck threw them up in the air also. all of them got off. one of them forgot, i think it was the second to last, to put his flaps down and when he got

and we got over there and they had sunken this jap ship, old ship that yamamoto, the jap navy had them all stationed to catch guys like us. and we sank it. we were still about what, 150 miles east of where we were supposed to go. but we were getting in that area where japan's land planes could reach us. and we had so few carrier, they didn't want to jeopardize them. so we took everything out of the dive -- out of the b-25s to lighten them and square five gallon cans of gas and put it in. and then we put the fire -- i get they were fire. looked like roman candles in a bundle. put some of them in. and of course they had the 500-pound bombs already on the planes. and of all the time i was in the navy, it was the roughest seas. we were taking green water over the bow of the flight deck. and admiral halsey, he had been in the navy, he said he had never seen that. of course they got all the army pilots and crew out. started launching them. and the ship was going up and down. so they -- when the bow started down, they started these bombers down. and they started going down hill. and by the ti

. >> the great example is yamamoto the will see the the japanese cannot possibly attack americans it is suicide you cannot win the war but the rest of the ndp is fearful and actually he was assigned to stand the battleship to keep that from happening and then he plansing e attack on pearl harbor he had to quit the service twice to make that happen he is famous call the reluctant admiral the attack on america was reluctant. >> host: december 7, 1984 -- 84. >> guest:, what happened? >> learning about the americans that were attacked those japanese air crews came in and as they did they said farewell it was a last day after being stationed they were going to return to california cahan but they decided to use their pilots bisons better low tiny airplane seats to the first american's taken down by the fighters on their way to pearl harbor disallows low 20 planes it is astonishing to me but those with the first casualties. >> host: 8:00 in the morning as they flew a in to oahu bike. >> 96 ships the average agesare9 19 they are tiny kid they have no idea about what is to happen i need not e

=kris/boxes= jane yamamoto from our affliate in los angeles is live in san bernardino this morning-- on how people are remembering the lives lost a year later. jane? =jane/live= =roll cue: regional center= =take vo= =jane/live= =jane/live= =boxes= thanks jane =sam/cu== a premium parking area in nt . >> the community still recovering and there's lots of events we planned later today including a bike-riding memory of the victim and some of those survivors. still struggling with some of the images that unfolded here a year ago. mass shooting took place during a holiday party. the attackers husband and wife working as health inspectors opened fire on their coworkers killing 14 and injuring 22 others. prz police shot and killed the couple about a mile from the location. the community struggled with so many loss of lives. the corner lot here became a gathering location for people to comfort each other and leave their tribute that's will continue later today include ag bike ride that will begin at the san bernardino police department and travel 14 miles, one mile for each person killed and

i love about yamamoto, he lost two fingers in a battle because his nickname was -- because a manicure cost -- >> host: the u.s. took him out in 1943 -- >> guest: one of the first of our interpretations of the military code instead of the diplomatic code, was knowing where he was and the two men who are suppose -- americans who were supposed to have taken him out have been battling the court to this day. >> host: to mark the 75th 75th anniversary of this attack, c-span's american history tv has joined us for this first hour of department depth. -- "in depth." they're goingway from us bus american history tv is on c-span3 every weekend with archival tours, lectures and much more forker viewers interested in american history and want to learn more about pearl harbor join american history tv on c-span3 next saturday morning, beginning at 8:00 a.m. eastern time. there you'll see the december 7th ceremonies from both pearl harbor and the world war ii memorial in washington. we'll hear first-person accounts from pearl harbor v .. requesting a declaration of war, and live viewer call-in ins a

then there was after the two ariel attacks t commanders wanted to launch a third attack and yamamoto said no. probably most of the bulk of film went down when the carriers went to the bottom of the sea at the battle of midway. >> just a tiny frac of some of the the film. earlier in the program, you can see that in our video library, too. let's go to jerry in atlantic city. >> i have the revisit the issue of the two commanders at the pearl harbor station on december 7. husband kimmel and walter short. i remember doing a research paper when i was a freshman in college. following the incident in pearl harbor. the standard operation of a significant nature was that upon receipt, those messages had to be transmitted directly to the war department. for decoding. and then for analysis. and then as needed communications back to the stations in question with instructions. i always felt there was an omission in that procedure yur and wanted to know whether you had anything more to add to o this issue. particularly in light of fact that you mentioned in your previous comments, that the two had

like yamamoto said, they woke a sleeping giant. : the previous week, the starboard side had a picnic there and this week we were going, so we were looking forward to it. i had been there, oh, a couple months earlier. we had a nice time. they were playing baseball, pitching horseshoes. there were planes flying down like -- not like if they were, we assumed they were doing target practice. we would have pulled the target behind us. them and we said, hey, what kind of emblems are those? we could not understand, why are they doing this on a sunday? wedid not realize -- discussed this among ourselves and the few seconds that we had. we saw ass the bay, ship smoking, so the officer of the day was on the quarter deck also and he had the bugler sounded the fire and rescue. do what ever we had to do and we had a call. the lay that call. and a few seconds after that, we heard the familiar -- [hums] to generale call quarters. we said, those are japanese planes. thewe could think of where japanese. the resume its going on between the japanese and our country. many things flashed through my mind.

was talk -- there were two aerial attacks, and the commanders wanted to launch a third attack and yamamoto said no. as far as the film going down, most of the bulk of the film went down when the carrier was put to the bottom of the sea at the battle of midway. bill: i want to let our caller the japaneseowed newsreel, a tiny fraction of the film that is available. it aired earlier in the program. you can see that in our video library at c-span.org. let's go to jerry, atlantic city, for paul travers. caller: paul, thank you for all of this information and presentation. but i have to revisit the issue commanders at the pearl harbor station on december 7 -- kimmel and short. i remember doing a research paper when i was a freshman in college, which was shortly following the incident at pearl harbor, and i did an awful lot of research, and the thing that has been striking me over the years is this -- that the standard operating procedure for receipt of messages of a significant nature was that upon receipt, wherever they were received on station, those messages had to be transmitted directly to

just like yamamoto said they , woke a sleeping giant. >> we were going on a picnic at the naval ammunition dump that the marines were doing guard duty at. and previous week the ports at the starboard side had the picnic there. this week we were going. we were looking forward to it because i had been there a couple months earlier. we had a nice time. i was looking forward to drinking beer, pitching horseshoes. there were planes flying down like if they were -- not like if they were. we assumed they were doing target practice because out of sea we would pull the target behind us, maybe 100 yards or so and the planes would practice dive bombing. we watched them and we says, hey, what kind of emblems are those? we couldn't understand why are they doing this on a sunday. that's the first time. and then in port, we didn't realize when we discussed this among ourselves, within the few seconds we had. and then across the bay we seen a ship afterire, smoking. the officer of the day had the bugler sound fooir and rescue. we were going to drop what we had and go and get ready. and then there was a ca

as a postscript to that, it was a general yamamoto who talked about how japan would be couldg wild untilmerica mobilize. my question is about -- what you are referencing is this megaphone interaction between hitler and roosevelt. was there any attempt to speak directly to the german people or the american people for the germans through circuits in the united states and the americans in some other way -- through in the nine states -- the united states? >> roosevelt did not have direct connection with germany and less the germans gave it to him. -- connection with the germany unless the germans gave it to him. theevelt could not claim stage in germany, whereas hitler could get printed in american newspapers. in one of his letters, he says, wilson was able to speak to the germans. the 14 points got across. he said, i cannot do that anymore. he would have had more difficulty getting that access. the germans would not give it to him in less it was to their advantage. -- the germans would not give it ss it was to their advantage. >> very interesting talk. press -- in free 1937, roosevelt was c

it was admirable yamamoto who talked about how japan would be running wild until america was able to mobilize. my question is really about -- what you are referencing is this megaphone interaction between hitler and roosevelt. was there any attempt to speak directly to german people for the american people? for the germans through torogates and united states be americans in some other way? prof. bytwerk: i may not answer the question that you are asking. if so, try again. realized that, he did not have direct access to germany unless the germans gave it to him. bbc's broadcasted a number of roosevelt messages. but beyond that, roosevelt couldn't claim the state in germany, where as hitler could get his printed in american newspapers and someone. roosevelt talked about this. he said that wilson was able to speak to the germans. he said, i cannot do that anymore. there is more control than there was back then. he would have had difficulty getting that access. germans would not give it to them unless it was to their advantage. >> thank you. this is a very interesting talk. first of all,

they certainly achieve surprise, the yamamoto miscalculated completely the response to the surprise.hought this would weaken the row. it had exactly the reverse effect. militarily they achieved in a limited sense the goal of conflict deemed severe damage on the fleet. but as we've talked about, they missed the target they were going to be the most important in the coming war. the battleship era although many people didn't thought was already peaking and perhaps had peaked. these are all old ships. there is oil. they couldn't keep up with aircraft carriers. those were the weapons of the future and this was the first war in which that became apparent. militarily by missing the aircraft carriers, they probably did not achieve their goal. .. >> the authors we have been talking to, eri hotta, her book is "', 1941." steve tommy, countdown to pearl

they certainly achieve surprise, the yamamoto miscalculated completely the response to the surprise. he thought this would weaken the row. it had exactly the reverse effect. militarily they achieved in a limited sense the goal of conflict deemed severe damage on the fleet. but as we've talked about, they missed the target they were going to be the most important in the coming war. the battleship era although many people didn't thought was already peaking and perhaps had peaked. these are all old ships. there is oil. they couldn't keep up with aircraft carriers. those were the weapons of the future and this was the first war in which that became apparent. militarily by missing the aircraft carriers, they probably did not achieve their goal. .. >> the authors we have been talking to, eri hotta, her book is "', 1941." steve tommy, countdown to pearl harbor, and craig nelson, pale hash lower is the name of the book, thank you for being on

the other two were essentially hunted down, and the yamamoto's great ship was used as a test target. one of my friends said you should call your book american rage. [laughter] >> host: let's go back to our callers. we also have social media if you can't get through on the phone lines. and, of course, our e-mail, booktv@c-span.org. larry, seven trail ya, washington, thanks for holding. you're on with our three authors. >> caller: yes. i'm really enjoying this. i'm 80 years old, so so i was a boy during world war ii, but we were very well aware of what was going on, having the blackouts at night and pulling down curtains. but you mentioned dory miller, the black mamba machine gun was killed in philippines. he was actually killed off the coast of -- [inaudible] a small aircraft carrier and it was sunk by a japanese submarine. that was the third day of the invasion. my cousin was aboard there and was killed on that. there were just a very few survivors. but my question was you don't hear anything about unit 731. and the medical experimentation on people, what they called, termed as logs