kolmykov to study in his place, and peter himself decided to take the servant’s exam. became a midshipmanmiral. this story formed the basis of the play and film the tobacco captain. of course, among the nobles there were capable ones, for example, the arab of peter the great, pushkin’s great-grandfather, abram hannibal, studied engineering. others became navigators, soldiers, doctors, architects, artists and mastered many other professions. january 31 , 1917, german kaiser wilhelm ii. signed an order for total submarine warfare, now the germans could sink not only warships, but also any civilian ships, they needed to bring britain to its knees, because the british received it. industrial raw materials and food were supplied mainly by sea; they won surface battles. previously, england and germany, like other countries, underestimated the importance of submarines. the germans were the first to realize it and began to build large and fast submarines with powerful weapons and autonomous navigation resource. the number of ships they sank, dutch, danish, spanish, brazilian and others , grew rap