and iraqi oil.take it over far more than anything else. >> in public, bush administration officials continue to maintain that oil is not a factor in their war deliberations. in this infinity cbs radio interview broadcast on c-span, defense secretary donald rumsfeld is pressed on that issue. >> mr. secretary, what do you say to people who think this is about oil? >> nonsense. it just isn't. there's certain things like that myths that are floating around and i'm glad you asked. it has nothing to do with oil. literally nothing to do with oil. >> behind the scenes though, planning for iraq's oil goes into overdrive. rumsfeld's defense department has just recruited former exxon executive, gary vogue letter to plan for iraq's oil sector, soon after the impending invasion. >> our mission was to repair, restore iraq's oil sector to the prewar level before we went in. and we got word in probably november that we needed to be ready by the middle of february. we took that to mean that we needed to be ready to

in the first meeting, in fact, oil fields, oil fields that will be essentially our oil fields. >> as national security council trains its focus on iraq, that same week, president bush also directs vice president cheney to head up a high-level energy task force. its operations are run out of vice president cheney's office. >> it was a highly secret operation and it was arranged to be that way. they tasked these people to hide away in a room, in secret, holding meetings, and coming up with a policy. >> cheney's task force meets privately with energy lobbyists, as well as executives from some of the nation's top oil companies. concerns about big oil's influence in crafting u.s. energy policy will eventually lead congress' general accounting office to file an unprecedented lawsuit against the white house for access to energy task force records. >> john dingell, who was chairman of the energy and commerce committee, and i requested the gao to do an investigation because while we were sending letters to the vice president, we weren't getting responses. >> they said, no, these are president

we don't want any mineral oil or heavy oil. we want oils that will be beneficial and nutritious for the hair literally and that's what the vitamin e does. >> you come from a whole family, not just you but your father, your uncles, your grandfather, as far back as you can see, you were hairdressers so you know all this because you studied hair. >> i have. as a matter of fact, i have known a chemist that has been working with our family since before i was born. i've known him my whole life. that led me to the creation of my products as well. >> unbelievable. the hair is made of collagen sfp. >> of keratin aminos a its. they're vegetable base and meant to replace what's missing in our hair. if i might -- >> go ahead. just a slight amount. >> if you put too much on it will weigh the hair down because it's more than the hair can use. >> absolutely. between a pea and a dime size emulsify the gloss. if you get done using the gloss, you can use it in your hands because more vitamin e and sunscreen -- >> put that on your face. >> sunscr

that's why the oil industry is lobbying for the keystone-xl-pipeline. >> the oil from our facility willgo to enbridge which will then get transported through the pipeline down to hardisty which will then go down to the states and to the refinery. so we hope that keystone xl will go through and help increase our shipping capacity. >> for the energy giants, it's worth the effort. they could make billions if the project goes ahead. the glass towers of calgary, the largest city in alberta, are home to several big oil companies. many of the executives say environmental regulation is already strict. >> we have one of the strongest regulatory systems in the world. before we ever build a project we are required to put together an integrated application that looks, not only at the recovery of the resource, but also looks at how we will protect the environment. >> that's a claim that the environmental organisation greenpeace rejects. w e visit their office in the province's capital, edmonton, about two hours away from calgary. >> the regulations are very weak and are getting weaker all the time b

industry and supports hauling oil by rail. >> how safe is it? >> safety is certainly the number one aspect. i think all aspects of the transportation industry are focused on it. at 99.7% of the time, you know, rail movements about it to their destinations safely. >> reporter: actually, the rail industry says its safety record is even better. just a typeny chance of a catastrophe makes policymakers like the governor uneasy, especially with north dakota's major cities and towns situated directly on the rail. >> where we, you know, never remembered any kind of an accident like this before, now if we're sending 10 or 20 or 30 times as much oil down the track, that obviously increases the chances of an accident occurring. and that becomes sort of a new reality that, you know, everybody has to get used to. >> reporter: and now there are mounting concerns about the rail cars predominantly used to haul oil across the nation. >> since 1991, the national transportation safety board has warned that rail cars like these, dot 111, are more prone to rupture i

more oil means more chances for oil spills. and more oil spills means more jobs cleaning up oil spills. honestly. this is like, in old movies and old cartoons like you'd see a vacuum cleaner salesman, the guy would come and knock on the door and if you open the door he'd dump the bag of dirt, you know, coffee grounds or whatever into your rug, hey i'm offering to sell you a vacuum cleaner to clean it up. that's what kinder morgan is doing. if you let us triple the size of our pipeline, we might spill more oil, and then you could hire yourselves to clean it up. wouldn't that be great? the canadian member of parliament who represents the town where the pipeline has already burst once, his response to the company's assertion that oil spills can be a good thing was this. quote, we know kinder morgan is using every trick in the book to push this pipeline through our community, but this, this one takes the cake. kinder morgan is actually an american company. they're based in houston. they're huge, huge firm. and they're not just prop

there's oil. >> the oil flowed down the street through a drainage ditch and emptied into a marshy area. the heavy crude had come from alberta, canada, thousands of miles away. >> what are the booms for? >> they are to soak in the oil. they are supposed to -- >> literally? >> yeah. literally -- >> that's what they're for? >> they're supposed to repel water and soak in oil. >> steyer had come to mayflower to gather ammunition for what may be the biggest fight of his life -- trying to stop the keystone pipeline from being built. steyer worries more leaks like this one in mayflower could happen. the proposed keystone pipeline would stretch from the canadian border across the u.s., and connect to existing pipelines that carry oil to refineries on the gulf. steyer says the oil would be sent directly to the international market. >> it is not going to the united states. what the true argument is, it's going to be more oil not from the middle east, that is true, but doesn't mean it's more oil for the united states. it just means there is more oil not from the middle east in the world market. >>

- covered in oil. exxon mobil is facing a $2.6 million fine for the spill and has spent $70 million to clean it up. the company purchased many homes. three houses were so badly damaged exxon knocked them down. most sat empty. even after an accident, this could be a long shot. if you look at the polls, two thirds of americans do support the keystone pipeline, and that number hasn't budged. it seems you are a minority. >> i think this is a topic in which people don't understand what it is, and it is always presented as we do this or we do nothing. that's absolutely not true. we are not going to run the society without energy. it's just how you think about it. >> he says the biggest issue is how oil is recovered from the canadian countryside. 20% of the oil is mixed in sandy soil lying just beneath the surface. it is stripmined and spun in centrifuges to separate the oil from the dirt. 80% is trapped hundreds of feet below solid rock. steam is injected to loosen the oil. out.it must then be mixed with --

every day we consume palm oil, labeled as vegetable oil. and a lot of it is coming from here in indonesia. they've converted the lowlands already. and now the palm oil plantations are moving up and up the slopes, to here, leuser rainforest. we've gotta go. >> leuser isn't the only place experiencing deforestation. since 1985, more than 50% of the forests in sumatra have been cleared, not just for palm oil plantations, but also for paper, wood, mines, and road infrastructure. what took thousands of years to grow is coming down at an alarming rate. >> look at that. we traveled for over an hour, deep into this palm oil plantation, till we've got here, the front line of the expansion. this expansion here is illegal under indonesian law, and it's all happening for palm oil. this timber will be shipped off to market, and in its place, in a matter of days, young palm oil seedlings will be planted. >> palm oil is one of the most widespread vegetable oils throughout the world. within indonesia itself and also china and india, the 3 of them account f

look, there is oil. >> the oil flowed down the street through a drainage ditch. the crews had come from alberta, canada, thousands of miles away. >> what are they for? >> they are to soak in the oil. they are supposed to. they are supposed to soak in water. >> steyer had come to mayflower together ammunition for what may be the biggest fight of his life, trying to stop the pipeline from being built. he worries more leaks like this one could happen. the proposed by blind would stretch from the canadian border across the u.s. to the existing pipeline that carries oil to the refinery. >> it is not going to the united states. it is going to be more oil not from the middle east. that is true, but it just means there is more oil not from the middle east in the world market. >> we walked along the quiet street in mayflower that just a few months before had been cover it in oil. exxon mobil is facing a $2.6 million fine for the spill and has spent $70 million to clean it up. three houses were so badly damaged exxon not them down. most sat empty. even after an accident, t

one car holds 30,000 gallons of crude oil. that's a lot of oil. put 100 cars together and you got something that is the equivalent of a pipeline on wheels, and if you have enough shipments, let me tell you how much we're talking about. 95 hundred carloads went by rail. in 2012 it was almost a quarter of a million. last year from 2012 to 400,000. >> what types of laws exist for how the oil is transported? >> so, i think there is a couple ways to look at that. one is the laws that govern the railroads, which is done mostly at the federal level by the federal railroad administration. there is a lot of federal preemption for the state. they have authority to implement some of those, i'm sorry, the acronyms, the railroad administration's laws. there are requirements for tank standards. there are requirements for the cars they use. there is requirements for inspection of the rails themselves. one of the things that we would like to see at the office of spill prevention and response is to see our ability to regulate the movement of oil throughout the sta

we've got oil everywhere. peak oil is not in the conversation anymore. we have plenty of will, but this is a cyclical business. you get complacent, all of a sudden we'll be -- you never have too much oil, and when you do you start using more of it because you don't have enough of it anymore. >> i want to give russell's story in "the wall street journal" and online a plug. it's called how to make fracking safer, three things. stop leaks be to stop methane leaks. we talked about better cementing. the one thing we didn't talk about the to import is before we drill in the well, the water and air testing. there's been so much time and energy that's been spent arguing about did a company cause this water to go bad? if for every well and we tested the water and everywhere and we would have those arguments. we would know. it would either be a lawsuit or that wouldn't be. the other benefit of that is we actually don't know that much about the environment, a watercooled around the country, the air quality. if you start 100 times a day taking detailed scientific re

solid oil. then you come here -- >> you see the oil in there? >> that's oil in its gills. >> yeah.f you take this shell off, you could pull the oil out and smell it. >> gosh. pulled some oil out of your shrimp as of late? but remember, they're open for business. bp claims tests show seafood is safe. it's safe to eat in the gulf. a i'm pro-business, but there's a reality to this. the reporting from louisiana shows otherwise. there is no way you can spill 210 million gallons of oil into the gulf of mexico and have it return to normal in four years. it can't happen. now, in march there was another spill in the gulf. this time 150,000 gallons of oil leaked from a rig off galveston, texas. within days there were reports of wildlife and local economy in distress. >> it's tomorrow that thomas smith is fearful of. after 150,000 gallons of oil spilled into the ocean on saturday. >> only god knows. i've got to get the rest of these tanks clean. >> he'll go on about his schedule as much as he can. but a new fishing ban is already holding them back. >> these little fish will hurt us. >> they c

in north america. >> breathing in fumes from the big oil spill. >> the cleanest oil. >> crude oil spilledn to the streets. >> complex. you think the keystone pipeline is complex? >> dangerous ail every day. >> the cleanest barrel of oil. >> the fire department says the oil is knee-high in some spots. >> one thing we know about oil pipelines, they corrode, they leak, they burst. >> complex? >> good to have you with us tonight. thanks for watching. i'm going to qualify the story off the top. i'm going to ask you as viewer with this story and this information we are coming to you with tonight, just use your imagination just a little bit. be fair to the story and do the what if for a moment. be the critical thinker about what we are really doing in this country and how big oil is running over a lot of folks. you see, big oil means big money in america. oil companies rake in massive profits and will do anything to keep it that way. one thing is clear with big oil. they have no problem putting profit over people. here is what unfolded on thursday. an oil pipeline valve ruptured in the atwater v

geological survey, which had input from the oil industry, it concluded that oil and gas exploration wasindustry itself says that it recognizes its role in causing this problem. but when this lawsuit was filed, the lawsuit that could actually save new orleans, something sort of amazing happened. an outside force attempted to kill it. but it was not the oil and gas industry. at least not directly. it was the state of louisiana. it was specifically republican governor bobby jindal of louisiana. he came out against it. he demanded that this local authority stop trying to get the oil and gas industry to fix this problem. when the levee board refused to stop doing what they were doing, the governor started trying to remove the local authority board members who disagreed with him. he did ultimately -- the governor ultimately was able to oust the levee board's vice president, john barry. and the governor and his allies decided to pursue legislation in the state capitol that would remove the ability of local authorities like this to file any lawsuits at all on any subject. that bill passed the s

the calculus regarding peak oil. well it has changed it to a certain extent already because the us has seen about three and a half million barrels a day of increased production almost entirely from tight oil deposits in north dakota and south texas a few other places but those are the main areas so we have seen tight loyal to the rescue up to a certain point. there are some analysts who say that this is just the tip of the iceberg but u.s. oil production is going to continue increasing to the point where the u.s. is perhaps even self-sufficient and in oil and at this technology will be export it to the rest of the world so we'll see a new oriel boom from from shale and other type deposits our analysis of post carbon institute suggests that this is this is not the case that these are lower grade deposits and almost by definition we're talking about source rocks rather than conventional oil. and oil traps which is what we've been producing from the for for decades and decades and because they're lower grade deposits th

but if the strength in oil prices were to suddenly evaporate, that would be bad news for the oils.ndent players operating the domestic shell place you know i favor. pioneer natural resources among many others. tonight we're breaking form here. we're doing a special wednesday addition of off the charts. we're getting a better sense of where oil might be headed with a help of a rest of the week technician that's the cofounder and author of a trader's first book on commodities. also my colleague at realmoney.com and somebody that's gotten the price of oil right. you see, garner believes this is not going to be the summer of love for oil prices. if anything, she thinks it's a good chance it could turn into the summer of hate. one of the reasons i wanted to do this is because the transports have been rallying so strongly i'm trying to figure out why. maybe this is it. now before we get into why garner is concerned about the price of crude going forward, let's take a moment to establish these that you need to know about. at the end of last july when west texas crude was trading in line w

and the oil paradox - nigia is a big oil producer yet its people are poorer than ever. >> announcer: "what you don't know about boko haram," and the attacks in nigeria. >> the brutality of boko haram is overshadowing another story. investors are gathering for a world mick forum on-africa. it's an economy plagued by poverty and corruption. richelle carey is here with more heads of state from all over africa, and from the business world are arriving in abuja. as you can imagine the violence that is getting quite a lot of attention. >> after this car bombing in abuj alast week the nigerian government pout out an appeal heading to the capital for the world economic forum - don't let terror win. those that make the trip notice that the recent attacks cast a shadow over the event. abuja is on lockdown. the nigerian government would prefer the focus to be on the economy. it's goal is to become a top 20 economy by 2020. nigeria overtook south africa as the largest economy, a change in how the gross domestic product is part of that. nigeria is the ffth largest exporter of oil. there are doubt

well, we have the big oil. 210 gallons of oil leaked out of this rig. bp has spent hundreds of millions of dollars trying to convince you, no big deal. forget it. we got this thing right. and forget this image right here. this is the image they don't want you to see. this is the image they don't want you to talk about and they sure as hell don't want it on the news. overall you have to say their advertising campaign has worked. the national media really isn't jumping on it like they should in my opinion. we're going to be on it a lot. i think we're still going to make some dumb decisions down the road when it comes to fossil fuels. we've completely can't forget this story. as folks down in louisiana are saying now, hey, it's the philosophy of out of sight out of mind. that's the strategy so far by the oil industry. meanwhile, for the people of the mississippi river delta, it's not out of sight. it's still very much in their mind and very much in their lives and destroying livelihoods. four years later, the bp oil spill is still plaguing the gulf of mexi

competing militias taking over oil facilities, shutting down ports and even trying to sell stolen oil themselves on the international market. geologist david bioot is one of the presenters at a conference, endorsed by the oil association. >> i felt sure somehow myself that libya was the one place this could work, because there is a small population, and very, very large oil reserves. you compare that to egypt, very large populations and smaller oil fields, they have resources, libya has these tremendous resources, now they're all fighting over it. >> as a result, oil production seems to fall by the minute. now at only 165,000 barrels per day, down from more than 1.5 million in 2012. analysts say the loss of nearly a million and a half barrels of oil from the international markets every day is one reason that oil prices remain very high. the most recent turn of events, a general who ammassed a small army of extremists. in a phone interview he told me if he was successful in stabilizing the country in ridding it of terrorists he will then call for elections. some believe the general may

with farming a lot of the land has either been taken up by the oil works, the oil industry or the land has been polluted. so it's left the people with fewer opportunities in the traditional sense of how they survived and how they made a living. but the oil industry has not created a lot of jobs for the local people. they are living on basically $1 aay. the average niger deltan. while they might be sitting on land that is producing billions of dollars of wealth, on a yearly basis, they're receiving no benefits from that. on average, there's al an oil spill every day. they are not of the size of the bp spill in the gulf of mexico let's say but this is a constant problem. you have infrastructure that is not only 50 years old. but it's in a place that's quite inhospitable. the dangers and the impact of being near the oil industry, sort of hit on a number of levels. first of all, the degradation of the land. another impact on the people is there's been very little infrastructure development. so for instance, schools, the electric -- the electricity grid, they're terribly lacking in that reg

big oil and big lies. i'm ready to go. let's get to work. >>> leaking tank repaired with duct tape and a garbage bag. >> rather than leaving the fluid to drip on the ground. >> stash away the duct tape. >> you took a picture of someone who was -- >> houston, what do we do? >> we take a garbage bag and fix it and keep it from leaking and you are still unhappy. >> i'm helping. >> some guy took initiative. >> anybody can come, a storm can come, can punch in a garbage bag. >> i love the great outdoors. >> that is oil. >> i am not giving weapons to shoot back at. >> can't get fish from the gulf for fear of contamination. >> may not be fixed the way you want it. >> good to have you with us tonight. thanks for watching. ever wonder what would the republicans do without duct tape. tonight we are going to prove you cannot trust republicans and you cannot trust big oil companies right in front of our eyes. these guys have no problem putting profit over people and the environment. this picture here was taken in a louisiana wild life

npr-a oil, one billion barrels of oil. i will tell you about the issue of the npr-a which is the national petroleum reserve. this area has only slight exploration over the years. now we're into development. the first well is now being moved forward. i was very pleased in one of my first acts working here, working with the administration, getting them to see the light of day, solving a problem with the first issue of the cd-5. now we have production, that first well. one well, one development, 17,000 barrels a day. the second one which is called gmt-2 or gmt-1. right next door thereby another 30,000 or 40,000 barrels a day of oil. and of course anwr, which we estimate around 10-plus billion barrels of oil. again, alaska is a storehouse of energy. not only oil and gas but many others, but this point i want to make is oil and gas, a study that was done in alaska can produce around 54,000 jobs, over 50 years of production in the arctic. if you look at it from local and state and government revenues over the 50 years, well over

. >> we added 133,000 jobs in the last three years in the oil and natural gas extraction sector. >> but the love affair didn't last long. within hours the president was back to bashing the industry creating all those jobs. is this climate contradiction going to put the job market on ice. >>> plus a record number of young adults aren't working. are they becoming surfer dudes because of all the government handouts? >> and a growing number of states looking to ram drivers with a mileage tax? isn't it bad enough we already get hosed at the pump? cashing in fuelling up your weekend now. >> hi, everyone. welcome to cashin in. our crew this week. welcome everybody. caught in a climate contradiction. earlier this week, the white house took a victory lap for fossil fuels saying we're pumping out more oil and gas and that's fuelling job growth. then literally hours later the president releasing his climate warning and pouncing on oil producers. jonathan t white house sending us mixed messages but we really know where they stand on fossil fuel, don't we? >> absolutely eric and it's disingenuous. i

the biggest us oil producers it took a like ten percent of the world's oil supply off the market that's why the sanctions or the rest of the sanctions on iran are about syria is not a major oil producer but it is a close friend. for iranian oil to reach the mediterranean basically war in the middle east whether it's the destruction of iraq or the bombing of libya the sanctions on iran have served to keep prices high and restrict the doctors which is what was given to us if they did isn't it that us so-called energy self-sufficiency will lead to less us overseas military involved the fact that we need to more. now there is another winner for american energy is foreign fortunes gas has just landed adopt a top job in ukraine now they're on the son of vice president joe biden has joined the board of a gas firm there just weeks after his father professed an emotional bond with the authorities in kiev we got the details after a short break. choose your language. of choice make it with zero if you're going to go on to say still some. choose to use the consensus to. choose the opinions that you

the average oil sands. they believe it can grow production at foster creek and christina lake pipe 14% annually. we're seeing some of that but for these big dog companies that's extraordinary. that's extraordinary up in canada. on top of that they're moving to new areas as well. they have an oil sands project expected to be by 2017. they're waiting on approval for telephone lake. grand rapids project could be as much as 180,000 barrels although this won't be online until 2017. it has a conventional portfolio. natural gas, light, medium, and heavy crude but these prospects represent the real growth opportunity here and they're staggering. one thing about heavy oil is that it's price tends to be volatile. that's why i like they hold 50% in heavy oil refineries in texas. because when the price of heavy crude comes down it's the refiners that benefit. it's a natural hedge against any weakness and of course for some reason if they can't get the stock to move higher, management can always spin off the refining ma

and the cars they put the oil in are not safe to put the oil in. and we know that because they keep blowing up. and they have been for decades. the federal agency that can do something here, the agency that could mandate, for instance, that the industry zbrapd its cars, not just the new ones, but the old ones too, the agency that can do that is the transportation department. the night of that derailment and explosion in lynchburg, virginia, that same night, the transportation department finally submitted to the white house a long-awaited package of rules aimed at improving the safety of oil transport by rail. those rules have not been made public yet. the white house says it's in the process of reviewing them right now. but in the meantime, these tanker cars are still out there, still crisscrossing the country. this type of rail car is the workhorse of the industry and it apparently cannot safely transport all of this oil that we're now producing hand over fist in this country and transporting using those cars. we're doing it anyway. we're just try

they can put an oil well.ite for toxic waste, even build a road right on your permission. >> reporter: then one day in 2010 it happened. >> we heard from the mail carrier that there was a letter saying they were coming in to drill in section 11. >> reporter: after acquiring mineral rights, a texas-based oil company moved in and began frac-ing. richard expected it, but at first he thought he could prevent it. >> they make you an offer if you don't want to take it, you can take them to court, but you are not going to stop them from coming in. >> reporter: despite his protests, this well continues to extract tens of thousands of barrels of oil every year from atop richard's land. natural gas is also burned off here, and while it's not clear if this so-called flaring affects air quality, so much of it goes on here, that these fires are visible from space. >> they have been burning next to the house for two years, and we don't know what the effects of the fumes are. >> reporter: the couple has complained about inte

when they are drilling for oil, they are getting so much oil as a byproduct, they get natural they just burn that off. they call it flaring. are you concerned about that? that has become a big pollution problem. >> safety and environmental issues. we need markets for the gas so we have got to be able to export. we need the pipeline into infrastructures to get that gas to market and then we need to be able to export lng so we have markets for that gas. that is better for the environment. safety, we just got done talking about the derailment issues. -- rail issues. all of these things tie together. >> it can be done safely, because there are some people who look at that as a basic concept has, is that a safely to transport oil? >> we also need the pipeline infrastructure to go with it. in the case of the keystone xl pipeline, the state department's environmental impact statement said very clearly, no significant environmental impact. if we do not build the pipeline, that is 1400 rail cars a day to move that oil. you want to talk about safety, you need the right mix of infrastructure. keys

dakota not any more dangerous than normal oil, also, according to this new report, that kind of oilnsported using these existing rail cars that the feds say are unfit for service and that keep blowing up everywhere. so that's a big development, right? we've been expecting the obama administration to mandate the oil industry change its ways, but this new report that's been released, that could call it all into question, if we were idiots and we didn't notice that this new report was put out by a group called the north dakota petroleum council. what's the north dakota petroleum council? just an independent organization full of totally disinterested parties like one of the oil industry's top law firms, just completely impartial disinterested observers, according to this new report that's being taken seriously in the press, this new report by 500 oil and gas companies, the oil industry, according to them, needs to change nothing at all about what they are doing. nothing to see here, these explosive fire balls blowing up the train tracks every few weeks, think of those giant explosions a

. >> fracking is producing loads of oil and gas and plenty of controversy. then you see the gas drilling technologies america's new gold rush. just because the stuff sits under your property doesn't mean you can cash in on it. and whether you're conservative or liberal there's a good chance that ron paul has at least one opinion you grac agree with. and how one american group is taking care of its own. i'm david shuster in for ali velshi and this is "real money." >> this is "real money" and you are the most important part of the show. tell us what's on your mind, @ali velshi or facebook @ali velshi. fracking, hydraulic fracturing. whatever you call it, it's a billion dollar boom that's adding millions to state covers. horizontal drilling and explosive charge creates holes in the rock then a combination of water, chemicals and sand is injected into the well at high pressure. trapped air and gas is shot into the well and sent back to the surface. mission accomplished. on the flip side environmentalists have called attention to side effects like earthquakes and

the marijuana oil, the cannabis oil is not the same as smoking a joint.be you could talk more about the difference. in fact, it is not illegal to smoke one in colorado. talk about the overall effect of the change of the law in colorado, and also how it has affected the economy. >> well, it is funny. we have had medical marijuana here since 2000. in 2008, he really started to take off in terms of the number of people who had shops that sold medical marijuana in the number of people who had cards. i think most people in colorado believe the majority of medical marijuana users were actually recreational users who were using the red card as a fig leaf for their illegal use. there are also all sorts of people using it legitimately to treat ailments under the law. of states look at that and say, well, we don't want that. then colorado went one step further and this year, we legalized recreational marijuana -- which is funny, because the national press made a big deal of it but it was really not a big deal here because we've had medical marijuana stores, essenti