. >> our first witness will be samuel -- mr. charles samuel junior. 21,as appointed on december 2011. he oversaw all inmate management and program functions. he was also responsible for initiating reentry initiatives. samuels:: i thank you for your time. i am pleased to discuss the operations of the federal bureau .rison . i am also pleased to speak on behalf of of the employees. by applyingociety standards of facilities that are safe, humane, and secure. we provide programs to help them become law-abiding citizens. simply stated, we protect society and reduce crime. we face challenges. the bureau does not control the number of people that come into the system or the length of stay. we are required to maintain safety, security, and effective reentry programs. we house people convicted of a variety of offenses. many have extensive histories of violence. drug offenders make up almost half of our population. house many, we offenders guilty -- convicted of international terrorism. the bureau is the largest agency in the country with

mr. samuels: thank you, senator. from my perspective, having joined the agency as a correctional officer in 1988 , around that time the euros -- the bureau's population was 60,000, when you look at the bureau prisons and go back to 1940's to 1980, the bureau population remained flat. in 1980, the primary target for discussion, we as an agency had 24,000 coming into the federal system. we had less than 9000 employees, 41 institutions and we were able to operate the entire bureau of prisons for $330 million. when you look at the increase in 1980 to 2013, we were at more than 800% as far as the growth of the population. our staffing did not keep pace with that growth. with our mission, where we are tasked with anyone and ended -- anyone and everyone who is admitted and placed in the care of the bureau of prisons, we have a job to do, significant job. it takes staff to do the work that is required. >> from your perspective, you have been there -- what drove that dramatic increase in prison population? mr. samuels: the wa

mr. samuels: it can be driven by drugs. the gangs and those associated with that activity is part of the structure. >> let me stick with director samuels and let me ask the questions in terms of -- why haven't we been more proactive in terms of sending these programs being reauthorized? who was to be responsible for releasing some of you to the public that will commit another violent crime? can you speak to why we have not taken advantage of this programs more robustly? mr. samuels: my authority is very limited. when you look at taking advantage of the various programs being referenced -- with compassionate release, we as an agency did a thorough review and we determined a couple years ago when we were looking at the number of individuals who would meet the criteria for the release there were 200 inmates. once they were identified coming up to go further in making sure that for those individuals being considered, that they have the resources if they are given the opportunity and released under that program. 200 inmates agenc

mr. samuel brown. thank you for being with us this afternoon. >> thank you for having us. >> i said most of us think about just the happy facing and the cheering and applause when you say harlem globetrotters. >> right. >> but it wasn't always like that behind the scenes. >> yes, ma'am. >> what, first of all, when were you a globetrotter? >> started in 1954. >> and you were, you played for the globetrotters for? >> five years. >> and as you traveled around the country and around the world, some places, you were treated not like the globetrotters we expect, but another black man. tell us what some of the things the team encounters. >> we couldn't even eat in a restaurant in the south, we had to stay at people's houses, and it was kinds of difficult because coming from new york, i knew it was prejudice, but not this type of prejudice where they have signs up saying no colored. and that bothered me because you know, coming from new york, i went to junior high school with all black kids, but i wasn't feeli

mr. childs e samuels jr. he is the direct your of the federal bureau of prisons and appointed on december 31, 2011. he is a career public administrator in the federal bureau of prisons serving as the assistant director of the correctional programs division where he oversaw inmate functions. director samuels was responsible for enhancing the re-entry initiatives. mr. samuels. >> good morning chairman johnson and ranking member carper and members of the committee. i thank you for your time and focus on important issue of federal corrections. i'm pleased to discuss with you today the operations of the federal bureau of prisons. i'm also pleased to speak on behalf of the 39,000 dedicated correctional workers across the country who are on the job 24 hours a day, seven day as week to support the bureau as public safety mission. we protect society by confining offenders in facilities that are safe human cost efficient and appropriately secure and provide offenders programs to help them become law abiding citis. simp

mr. charles e. samuels junior. director of the federal bureau of prisons and was appointed on december 21st 2011. he's a career administrator previously serving as the assistant director of the correctional program's division where he oversaw all inmate management and functions. mr. samuels. >> good morning chairman and members of the committee. i thank you for your time and focus on the issue of federal corrections. i'm pleased to discuss the operations of the federal bureau of prisons. i'm also pleased to speak on behalf of the 39,000 dedicated correctional workers across the country who are on the job 24 hours a day, seven days a week to support the bureau's public safety mission. we protect society by confining the standards and facilities that are safe cost effective, and appropriately secure. we provide programs to help them become law-abiding citizens. simply stated we protect society and reduce crime. but we face significant challenges. the bureau does not control the number of offenders who enter our syste

mr. samuels, what percentage of the inmates that you're responsible for have been convicted of a violent crime in the federal courts? convicted of a federal crime -- >> of a violent crime. >> of a violent crime? give me a second. approximately 5%. >> okay. so we've got 5% violent, 95% nonviolent. i think the thing that people need to understand, which i'm not sure that people do is that that 5% that committed violent crimes, you don't even have primary jurisdiction probably on most of those crimes in the federal system. i don't think people realize that the federal law enforcement system was not designed or ever intended to address what most people think of as crime in this country. it was originally intended to be just for those kinds of crimes that because of the interstate nature of them, they needed to be handled by the federal government. that would be crimes involving the inter -- drugs going from country to country, and then eventually we started nibbling away at that and we started doing bank robbers, then we started doing interstate kidnappings or interstate -- and i know this b

and reporting that we would get with the prisons that are directly under the purview of director samuels? mr. horowitz: and that's something we're looking at as well because we're looking at what kind of reporting the b.o.p. is getting from these institutions. in addition, what kind of information is flowing and is accessible and why isn't more being done to be transparent about it. >> thank you. we'll continue to use this committee to highlight these issues. this is an important issue. i want to thank your service to this nation, for your thoughtful testimony. i want to thank all the witnesses. i think really did accomplish my primary goal of every hearing is to lay off the reality, let's admit we have a problem. we certainly have -- we've taken that first step and admitted we've got a problem. with that the hearing record will remain open for submission of answers and questions for the record. this hearing is adjourned. [captions copyright national cable satellite corp. 2015] [captioning performed by the national captioning institute, which is responsible for its caption content and accura

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mr. calabria if he knows, and i assume he does, what professor samuel attempted to explain his error. and if so, was it in terms of the decrease in military spending at the end of the war, world war ii, or pent up consumer demand. i would be very interesting in your comments in that regard. >> go ahead. >> thank you, george. that was military spending and demobilization. obviously i was not there at the time. that's fair to say, despite a couple of gray hairs. there wouldn't be jobs. there wouldn't be sufficient demand. there was rationing. that was a widely held view in the economics recession. and there was concern the economy would not be able to handle all the soldiers coming home. in that time there was a view that world war ii that got us out of the war. and that is in controversy today. i'm not picking on the professor particularly but i love the fact a that if you picked up his textbook published before the fall of the berlin wall he talks about how great the economy was there too. >> did you want to jump in? >> just that the economy was radically different than what you would

samuel dubose. what goes through your mind when you learn of incidents such as these? >> when i think about both miss bland and mr i think about a series of seemingly unrelenting stream of civil rights and police misconduct tragedies. instance where routine interactions between police officers and citizens lead to tragic senseless repulsive deaths. in the midst of these we understand that there's something that can be done. we know what works. we understand the best practices, so as a consequence the naacp with this dazzlingly diverse array of partners is marching from this historic iconic bridge in selma, alabama, to washington, d.c. from the home of the voting rights act to the birthplace of our democracy or the seat of our government washington, d.c. a span of 860 miles, over the course of 40-plus days and nights under the theme, our lives, our votes, our jobs and our schools matter. we're doing this because we believe. that we can bring about fundamental reform. be clear. unless we put boots on the ground we can't have laws on the books. it's not enough to wring our hands, shed tears. we have to bring young p

mr. sanders: but anyone who reads the papers, anyone who watches the tv understands that we still have a long ways to go. anyone who has seen the face of sandra bland or samuel dubose understands that it is unacceptable that african-americans can get taken out of their cars, thrown to the ground, and thrown into jail and died two days later. that is not what this country is about at all. >> [cheering] [applause] mr. sanders: you are looking at a -- [indiscernible] -- who will do everything that end theto end -- to stain of racism in this country and bring about major criminal justice reforms. >> [cheering] [applause] mr. sanders: i was a mayor for eight years. with our police department. and the truth is, most cops are good. very difficult jobs. they do the right thing. >> [applause] mr. sanders: and it is a very hard job. but when a police officer or any other public official breaks the law, that officer must be held accountable. >> [cheering] [applause] america,rs: today in we have more people in jail than any other country on earth, including china. we have a disproportionate number of people in jail who are black or hispanic. so we have a lot of work to