rights activist paulie murray co-founder of the national organization for women and first ladies eleanor roosevelt. patricia bell scott speaks with author and historian knell irwin painter at roosevelt house in new york city. on sunday beginning at 1:00 p.m. eastern more from the virginia festival of the book. including kelly carlin, george carlin's daughter, who talks about her life growing up with the comedian in her book "a carlin home companion." then sunday night at 9:00 afterwards with historian nancy cohen, author of "breakthrough: the making of america's first woman president." miss cohen looks at woman political leaders and the advances they are making in the political arena. she's interviewed by kim azarelli, chairman and co-founder of cornel law school's avon center for women and justice. >> for a woman to be at the head of the most powerful country in the world when one of our key allies doesn't allow women to drive and our most significant enemy at this time, isis, is literally executie ining women girls simply for being women and girls, i think that sends a powerful message from the

eleanor roosevelt promoted she she she camps and she opened some of these in new york and other places and it didn't quite work as well. i don't want to overromanticize it, they were segregated. we were inert jim crow situation. i have written about african-american ccc camps and hispanic ones. and integrated camps. they took over the public imagination. it was the most popular program of the new deal which is conservation, congress in 1942, broke fdr apart and fought to the bitter end, a permanent part of america. world war ii, republicans in the senate did not want to put any money into conservation and they thought the money would have to go into the war effort and roosevelt argued the ccc was training but he needed skills in conservation, we needed supplies of water and all that but the ccc died in 42. we have many state conservations and other programs, they are just not as grandiose. >> host: which president is responsible for the grand canyon in the state of arizona? >> guest: and national monument by theodore roosevelt, i mentioned in my talk today, god made it, leave it alone,

eleanor roosevelt traveled during the second world war but there is no television.ruman and eisenhower's wives never travel by themselves overseas. when i say by herself, that is a bit of a misnomer. her sister went with her, the, the secret service detachment of about 25 people. they needed a boeing seven oh seven to get there as well. her trip was a spectacular success. she was hailed as the queen of america and india and pakistan. she excited the crowds not just in india and pakistan but because of television, she excited the people back in the united states of america. in pakistan, she also got a gift, he heard that she was a horsewoman, she loved hearses, she loves riding, she loved jumping, so, so he gave her a 10-year-old gelding. she let immediate instructions back to the white house that the horse was to be given vip treatment and flown home on its own airport and there is not going to be any silly rolls about checking the veterinary background of this horse. it was to to be shipped immediately to her farm. it is the horse that drives riderless during the f

after that eleanor roosevelt. she really, in hindsight, helped usher in the new era where the first lady was used to being both a political and personal adviser to the president and that it's more -- she almost -- she got criticized a lot at the time because i think she was the most overt at the time since eleanor roosevelt, but i think in hindsight people realize, okay, nancy reagan was the same for ronald reagan as hillary clinton was for bill clinton. it was more respect, hiebld site, in her role before she got to first lady. >> to that end, it seems, chuck, that the republican candidates would seek her blessing, her endorsement for their candidacies because of the role you are describing. >> no, there is and i think that, again, this is -- you know, she's -- especially in the last decade or so, she really is viewed as this revered figure in the republican party and the conservative movement and i think adding her name to any presidential campaign would help a lot and i think that's why so many people would mak

eleanor roosevelt had traveled during the second world war, but there was no television.nd truman and eisenhower's wise never traveled by themselves overseas. when i say by herself, that's a little bit of a misnomer. her sister went with her. the secret service detachment of about 25 people. they needed a boeing 707 to get in there as well. her trip was a spectacular success. she was hailed as the queen of america in india and pakistan, and she excited the crowd not just in india and pakistan, but because of television she excited people back in the united states of america. in pakistan they also gave her a gift. he had heard she was a horsewoman, she loves horses, she loved writing, she loved jumping within. so he gave her a 10 year old gelding. she laid immediate instructions back to the white house that the horse was to be given vip vip treatment, flown home on its own airplane and there would be nothing about the silly rules about checking the veteran their background to the source, was to be shipped immediately to perform. well, the horse rides riderless behind john

why is eleanor roosevelt, pardon the explosion, hillary rodham clinton and michelle obama and the answer is roosevelt herself and clinton and obama, part of a social movement so women became important and what they did became important so that showed the spotlight on them. i don't remember anybody arguing about laura bush's decision whether to be the mom in chief. we didn't actually -- when i say we i mean me, care about laura bush. seems like a nice person and she was a librarian and seemed like a good job. but they stand for social change and that is what made it so hard for michelle obama. >> this would not come as a surprise to any prominent african-american woman that you are meant to represent, that is one of the great challenges, she has thrown herself into and when one thinks about the legacy it would be the message of what she tries to do in terms of inequality and how she got that message out, hula hoops on the white house lawn and every social media there is and it will be a while before another first lady seeds kale chips to comedians dressed in drag on late-night television.

very much in eleanor roosevelt's louow and yet eleanor and very good friends in the 1920's.n 1944 thed president found her desk choked with checks uncashed from strangers who had written to her over the years. she had bothered to cash the checks. >> she fired the social secretary thinking she would need it. by that point needing to work the diplomatic side of washington was very important to the president. as a political partner i wouldn't trade her quite so highly. she was the first first lady to welcome an african-american woman socially to the white house. she was the wife of congressman oscar depriest from chicago. over was a huge brouhaha what are we going to do. a lot of congressional lives who are prepared to sit in the same room. the controversy became a nationwide scandal of sorts. a sequel to theodore roosevelt's invitation to booker t. washington. legislature proposed impeachment of the president for filing the white house. lou apologized to the president. adding to his clinical burdens. one of the consolations is that it religion provides a hot hell for the texas

a civil rights activist, co-founder of the national organization for women and first lady eleanor roosevelt patricia bell scott speaks with author and historian nell painter at roosevelt house in new york city. sunday at 1:00 p.m. eastern, more from the virginia festival of the book. including kelly carlin, george carlin's daughter who talks about her life growing up with the comedian in "a carlin home companion." sunday night, "after words" with the author of "break through the making of america's first woman president." sthee looks at the advances women are making in the political arena. she is interviewed by the chair and co-founder of cornell's law school avon center for women and justice. >> for a woman to be at the head of the most powerful country in the world when one of our key allies doesn't allow women to drive and our most significant enemy at this time, isis, is literally executing women and girls simply for being women and girls, i think this sends a powerful message from the bully pulpit about what america stands for. >> go to book tv.org for the complete weekend schedule. >>

rights activist polly murray, cofounder of the national organization of women and first lady eleanor roosevelt. patricia patricia bell scott speaks with author and historian at roosevelt house in new york city. on sunday beginning at 1:00 p.m. eastern, more from the virginia festival a book. including kelly karlin, kelly carlin, george carlin's daughter who talks about her life growing up with a comedian come in her book a carlin home companion. on sunday night at nine p.m., afterwards with historian nancy cohen. author of breakthrough, of breakthrough, the making of america's first woman president. ms. cohen looks at women political leaders and the advances they are making in the political arena. she is interviewed -- >> for a woman to be at the head of the most powerful country in the world, when one of our key allies does not allow women to drive, our most significant enemy at this time, isis, is literally executing women and girls simply for being women and girls. i think that sends a powerful message from the bully pulpit about what america stands for. >> go to booktv.org for the complete

why is eleanor roosevelt, pardon the expression, hillary rodham clinton and michele obama. he answer, roosevelt and clinton and obama, a part of a social movement so women became important and what they fought and did became important and that put the spotlight on them. i don't ever remember anybody arguing about what is her name? laura bush's decision whether to be the mom in chief because we didn't actually -- when i say we i mean me, don't care about laura bush. [laughter] >> seems like a nice person and was a librarian which was a great job when she was working but they are for shack tests because they stand for social change and that made it hard for michelle obama. >> that is right because she felt, this would not come as a surprise to any prominent african-american woman either that you are meant to represent, that is one of the great challenges but it is a role that she has thrown herself into and when one thinks about her legacy it will be about her message and what she tried to do in terms of inequality and it will be -- it will be awhile before of first lady feeds

again, there's three or four -- eleanor roosevelt, nancy reagan, hillary clinton, and i think right there. >> all right, chuck todd, thank you so much for your insights. for all of you, you're watching nbc news special coverage of the death of former first lady nancy reagan. our continue coverage n agage c now on nbc, and there will be a full report on >>> nbc sports, home of the 2016 winter olympics, nhl, premier league and primetime's number one show, friday night football, only on nbc. >>> welcome to the honda nbc sports desk. >> hi everyone. coming up in just a moment, the usa rugby sevens las vegas, part of the road to rio. but we start with the news that peyton manning is calling it a career. the legendary quarterback has told the denver broncos that he's retiring with the official announcement expected tomorrow.

exploring the relationship for the national organization of women and first lady eleanor roosevelt. trisha bell scott speaks with nell irvin painter at roseau house and new york city. more from the virginia testable of the book. including george carlin's daughter in her book a carlin home companion. and then author of breakthrough, the making of america's first president. looking at women political leaders and the advances that they are making in the political arena. she's interviewed by the chair and cofounder of cornell law school's avon global center for women and justice. >> for a woman to be at the head of the most powerful country in the world, when one of our key allies doesn't allow women to drive and are most significant enemy of this kind, isis, is executing women and girls for being women and girls, i think that sends a powerful message from the bully pulpit about what america stands for. >> booktv.org for the complete weekend schedule. >> joined c-span on friday at 1:30 p.m. eastern, for the funeral service for former first lady nancy reagan at the ronald presidential li

where she was underrated, when firstr about influential ladies, we hear about eleanor roosevelt and hillary, mark: we that league talk sometimes about president and thinking about their post presidencies and how they are after they leave office. exemplaryshe was an post first lady. also in terms of building up that library and center in simi valley. also the issues she cared about. stem cell research, all summer's research, even gun control. she was bothered by the right word drift of the republican party. she thought it had gone beyond ronald reagan's revolution. i will tell you one quick story. she and my wife knew each other. judy was out there at the funeral and she called judy in september 2008 after the republican convention and i was with my wife and she picked up the phone and the first thing nancy said is why did john pick that woman as his running mate? she still had keen political theght as she did think party was drifting too far right. she would have been mortified by this campaign in 2016 on the folk inside. you having hadl one dinner with her she was -- had incredible appetit

rights activist polly murray, cofounder of the national organization of women and first lady eleanor roosevelt. patricia bell scott speaks with nail irving painter at roosevelt house at new york city at 1:00 p.m. eastern from the virginia festival of the book including george carlin's daughter who talks about her life growing up with the comedian in her book a carlin home companion. sunday night at 9:00, afterwards with historian and the cohan, the making of america's first woman president. miss cohen look that women political leaders and the advances they are making in the political arena. the chair and cofounder of cornell law school's avon global center for women and justice. >> for a woman to be at the head of the most powerful country in the world, most significant enemy at this time, isis, is literally executing women and girls simply for being women and girls, sends a powerful message from the bully pulpit about what america stands for. >> go to booktv.org for the complete weekend schedule. >> for this year's student cam contest, students produce documentaries telling the issue they wan

between civil rights activist the cofounder of the national organization of women and first lady eleanor rooseveltpatricia bell scott speaks with no irvin painter at a roosevelt house in new york city and sunday beginning at 1 p.m. eastern or from the virginia festival of the book including george carlin's daughter that talks about her life growing up with the comedian in her book the home companion then sunday at nine "after words" with nancy cohen author of breakthrough the making of america's first woman president. she looks at political leaders and the advances they are making in the political arena. the cornell law school center for women and the justice. >> for a woman to be at the head of the most powerful country in the world when one of our key allies wouldn't allow women to drive and you know, our most significant enemy at this time, isis, is literally executing women and girls simply for being women and girls i think that sends a powerful message from the bully pulpit about what america stands for. go to booktv.org for the complete weekend schedule. securities and exchange commission ch

she wasn't eleanor roosevelt. she was a modern first lady. shy combined herself to east wing affairs but would occasionally venture to the west wing. she said i sleep with the president every night. so that proximity gives me special access. i'm going to use it. it's not known what advice she gave him. one thing she did say is, i can give his advice but he will do what he wants to do. i haven't been able to talk him into doing something he didn't want too. she would reinforce his decisions, i think >>> she defined the role of first lady. what did she do differently than other first ladies in the past? >> she didn't have a daily or weekly column, but she didn't play bridge pretty much every week and have tea with her girlfriends. she had her causes, she had just say no, vietnam, returning pows. she had the cause of bringing style and grace and class back to the white house because she thought it was important that americans be proud of their president. jimmy carter spent four years depomping the white house. he banned alcohol for the white hou

eleanor roosevelt for women's rights and african-american rights. hillary clinton for health care.ancy reagan was a force inside the white house. she was particularly significant in personnel decisions. no president is all things to all people, and ronald reagan was a great communicator, a great leader but not the greatest administrator. she actually probably had a better sense of personnel than he did and was very important in critical personnel decisions, both in the campaign and in the white house. she was also critically important in steering him through the great crisis of his presidency, the iran contra scandal. when the administration was selling arms to the terrorist state of iran and funneling the money to contras in nicaragua. she was important in persuading him to make the kind of half-apology speech that many say saved his presidency. she also encouraged him to pursue the most critical initiative of his presidency, the arms control negotiations with gorbachev, the leader of the soviet union that led to the critical intermediate forces treaty that took those horrible mis

lady eleanor roosevelt. patricia bell scott speaks with roosevelt house in new york city. on sunday beginning at 1 p.m. eastern, more from the virginia festival of the book. including george carlin's daughter, who talks about her life growing up with the comedian in her book. then some a night at 9:00, afterwards, with historian nancy cohen. author of the book about the first woman president, looking at political leaders and the advances they are making in the political arena. chair interviewed by the and cofounder of cornell law school's center for women and justice. head andwoman to be a the powerful country of the powerful country in the world, doesone of the key allies not allow women to drive, and our most significant enemy at this time isis, is literally executing women and girls for being women and girls, i think this sends a powerful message from the bully pulpit about what america stands for. announcer: go to book tv for the complete schedule. seven iranian hackers working on behalf of the government

explores the relationship between civil rights activist paula murray adverse lady, eleanor, eleanor roosevelt. patricia bell scott speaks with author and historian at roosevelt house in new york city. on sunday, beginning at 1:00 p.m. eastern, more from the virginia festival of the book including kelly carlin, george carlin starter who talks about her life growing up with the comedian in her book, a common home companion. then sunday night at nine p.m., afterwards with historian nancy:, author of breakthrough, the making of america's first woman president. ms. : looks at women political leaders, the advances the air making in the political arena. she is interviewed by the chair and cofounder of cornell law school's avon global center of women a justice. >> for a woman to be at the head of the most powerful country of the world, when one of my key allies does not allow women to drive in our most significant enemy at this time, isis, iswo literally executing women and girls simply for being women and girls. i think that sends a powerful message from the bully pulpits about what america stands f

other first ladies, like eleanor roosevelt, had been very active, didn't have a lot of power becauserter actually sat in cabinet meetings but indivisible. so what nancy reagan did, by becoming the enforce organization, it allowed ronald reagan to keep a relationship with a staffer who was being moved out over politics or loyalty or incompetence. he could still be their friend and they could blame it on the mean fold first lady, and for the first time a first lady would leak stories to the media and disagree with her own husband, and that allowed the reagans to expand their political base beyond their own ideological base, if the president allowed that of his chief of staff or anyone else he would have been seen as weak, but because he defended his wife, he was seen as loyal, and they were love birds and that's how they got away with it. frank and claire underwood couldn't pull that off. >> thank you, doug. i want to mention to you, as we drove up this morning, if you have never been here, and at some point you find yourself in southern california with a couple of hours to kill, drive

franklin and eleanor roosevelt loved spending time with students. it's important that you study this history, a lot of what the roosevelt leave dennis what is relevant to what is happening today. gingerinequality, , withlity, minimum wage the same things people were fighting for so i'm really glad we are here. january 1941, 75 years ago tonight, roosevelt gave a speech that was quite extraordinary. it was the state of the union adress that had followed speech in which he had declared that america had to be the arsenal of democracy. allies five the azis in europe. people were fairly isolationist at this point. a lot of them did not want to get involved in the war. a lot of them understood that the u.s. did not support these countries and democracy was at risk. toward the end of the speech, he decided he had to lay out the reasoning why wasn't orton for americans to be involved internationally to support their allies. greeninghe premier's film. it was transferred over to ultra hd video files. we don't have the capability to show that, but this when int

between civil rights activists, cofounder of the national organization for women and first lady eleanor roosevelt patricia bell scott speaks with author and historian at roosevelt house in new york city. on sunday beginning at 1:00 p.m. eastern more from the virginia festival of the book including kelly carlin, george carlin's daughter who talks about her life growing up with the comedian in her book: a carlin home companion and sunday night at 9:00 p.m. afterwards we have historian nancy:, author breakthrough, making of america's first president. looks at political leaders and the advances they are making. she is interviewed by-- call cofounder of cornell's law school for women and justice. >> for a woman to be at the head of the most powerful country in the world when one of our key allies don't allow women to drive and are most significant enemy at this time, isis is literally executing women and girls simply for being women and girls and i think this sends a powerful message from the bully pulpit about what america stands for. >> go to book tv .-dot orc for the complete we can schedule. >> th

you have people like hillary clinton and eleanor roosevelt who focused very specifically on policy. whereas you had somebody like mrs. reagan who like an edith wells wilson or mamie eisenhower and focused on the things around them. their health, how well rested they were, the people they saw every day, the people they relied on, how all of that affected them, their schedule. that was a form of power and influence very different from policy. the one thing i would say also is really important that was so good to hear her two children speak today, is to also remember that during those eight years when a lot of people saw a lot of accomplishments and a lot of beautiful parties and so forth that there was a lot personally going on there. that there was a period of estrangement and public -- public disclosure about estrangement between her and her daughter, patti, between her and her stepson. her father died during those eight years. her mother died during those eight years. she had breast cancer. the president was hospitalized himself for cancer surgery apart from that. so there was a lo

he went to yellowstone with eleanor roosevelt and had a wonderful time.e souvenirs in the shop were made in china not by american wood carvers and she wrote in her column how upset she was that we weren't selling american trinkets in our national parks. >> thank you, douglas brinkley. you're an amazing author and amazing historian. you know so much and write it beautifully. the book is called "rightful heritage and the land of america." beautiful cover. >>> when we return, let me finish tonight with what else, look at this thing. st. patrick's day. you're watching "hardball," the place for politics. ♪ right now at papa john's select sides are just $5 each... choose from our delicious cheese sticks... ...crispy chicken poppers... spicy buffalo wings... ...our chocolate chip cookie and more. choose a side for just five dollars next time you order pizza... ...at papajohns.com. ♪ >>> let me finish tonight with st. patrick's day. here it is again, at the time you never know what the weather is going to be like. when i was in philadelphia marching up broad stre

eleanor roosevelt had invited at her house and i asked her if they still served tea at the white house. and they do. [applause] [applause] e} and they did. we had 150 people there and it was wonderful. thank you again. have always also had help i never saw and i did not know her name was leader pelosi until today. amazing what you can learn. leader nancy pelosi pelosi. every time i think i ever saw her, she acknowledged my presence and wanted to know what she could do to help. i do not think i ever answered that question. i should have. i will think about that. in closing, from 1948 through -- they wanted to do what they could to serve their when they served in the military in world war i, they were not military like the men, they were reservist and world war ii they were in the reserve for the duration plus six months. they couldn't be thinking about a career in the military until 1948 when women finally became official members of the military. when you think about that, we have come a long way since then. women have always been volunteers in a guess we will be until they decided draf

the relationship between the cofounder of the national organization for women and first lady eleanor roosevelt . patricia bell scott speaks with an author and historian at roosevelt house in new york city. sunday beginning at 1:00 p.m., more from the virginia festival of the book including kelly carlin, george carlin's daughter, who talks about her life growing up with the her book.n sunday night at 9:00, historian nancy cohen, author of : the making of america's first woman president," looking at women political leaders and the advances they are making in the political arena. she's interviewed by the chair and cofounder of cornell law women andenter for justice. >> for a woman to be at the head of the most powerful country in the world when one of our key allies does not allow women to drive and our most significant enemy at this time, isis, is literally executing women and girls simply for being women and girls, i think this sends a powerful message from the bully pulpit about what america stands for. booktv.org for the complete schedule. >> irs commissioner john cusk and yesterday warned th

certainly most important in her day since eleanor roosevelt preceding her.ve affair, of course, and it sounds like a hollywood movie and, in fact, that's where it started. she always dreamed of being an actress and in a way she became one on a world stage. born in 1921 in new york city, nancy davis making her way to hollywood, landing small roles in films for mgm. it was there she met ronald reagan. the chemistry was instantaneous. they married in 1952. appearing in 11 films, the young actress starred alongside her husband in 1957's "heldcats of the navy." >> i began thinking you were playing the south seas circuit. >> you knew better. >> how could i know? did you give me a post-dated check. >> my wife nancy. >> reporter: soon she shifted her focus, devoting her life to him and his budding political career. her influence extending i don't know the home and into politics. >> thank you very much. >> reporter: becoming first lady of california in 1966 and then of the nation there 1981. at first she was criticized for wearing designer gowns during a recession. t

the only case in recent history is john kennedy, jacqueline kennedy both going to eleanor roosevelt's funeral in hyde park, but that was by far the exception than the rule. most presidents, even former presidents rarely really go to first lady's funeral unless there's a direct link with their administration. i'm glad you mentioned that, sheila. the bipartisan decorum, i think that should be mentioned. thank you very, very much. >> you're welcome. >>> all right. two people who knew nancy reagan fairly well, rick ahern, of course, former special assistant to ronald reagan, remained a very close adviser to nancy reagan. also james rosebush, former chief of staff to nancy reagan, author of "true reagan." both, of course, will be at the funeral. rick, i always think of you, first off, in the famous shots after the attempted assassination on ronald reagan, and i know you witnessed up close the role nancy reagan had to play in that. you're in the gray suit behind him in the glasses there. but i cannot imagine -- i mean, you recognize the magnitude of that by the time you got to the hospital.

franklin and eleanor roosevelt loved spending time with students. they felt it was important. education, particularly during the depression because many schools were closing because they could not pay the teachers. it is important that you study this history. a lot of what franklin and eleannor roosevelt believed in is relevant to what is happening today. the refugee crisis in syria, and the refugee crisis in the war. income inequality. gender equality. minimum wage. a lot of the things that are relevant today are the same things they were fighting for then. in january 1941, 75 years ago tonight, franklin roosevelt gave a speech that was quite extraordinary. and was a state of the union address that had followed a speech in which he essentially declared that america had to be the arsenal of democracy. it had to help the allies, primarily great britain, fight the nazis in europe and help the chinese fight the japanese in asia. the americans as a people were fairly isolationist at this point. they didn't want to get involved in the war. roosevelt understood that if we , the unit

touting earlier her potential historic opportunity to become the first female president by quoting eleanor roosevelt on the trail. >> if you're a woman who get into the public arena, you need to grow skin as thick as the hide of a rhinoceros. >> now, it's interesting bernie sanders had a rally in st. louis, missouri. one of those other key battle grounds in the midwest. he inveiled an endorsement from danny deveto. nobody was expecting that. we're getting all kinds of surprises this weekend. when sanders got his chance to speak. he tried to handle the middle class message, taking on wall street, talking about a political revolution. listen. >> what democracy is not about, is billionaires buying elections. >> now, bernie sanders on his way here to columbus, ohio. there is going to be a democratic forum tonight where sanders and clinton will be going back to back, not a direct debate. but before that sanders is doing a rally here at the basketball arena on the campus of ohio state. obviously young people, college students the key part base. this arena is just barely half full. there's a lot of empty s

prize in history for her book "no order fire time" which chronicled the lives of franklin and eleanor roosevelt. her other works, wait till next year, the fitzgerald and the ken dis. her new book, "a team of rivals the political genius of abraham lincoln." i am pleased to welcome doris kearns goodwin back to this table. welcome back. >> thank you! >> rose: how did lincoln do this? he was not a governor. he was not as prominent as others. they were ease teamed establishment figures. he, one-time congressman, lost two rails for the senate and was simply a lawyer who went out and made speeches. >> you would think after losing two races to senate you might go into another line of work, right? >> rose: yes. but he had an internal confidence. at the time people thought it was simply because he stood in the middle of the party. but when i looked into it more, it was his temperament. he worked harder than anyout the others had. sue ward went to europe eight months before the convention, wind and dined by queens and kings. lincoln went from one state to the ortho, maneuvered to have the convention in ch

that whole tradition of first ladies taking on causes -- of course, it goes all the way back to eleanor rooseveltn modern times it was hillary clinton who became a very different kind of first lady. we've seen a lot of that since through michelle obama. but nancy was there more for him. she did have her causes, the "just say no" cause. but she thought her first and foremost duty was to be there with him. the other thing she did, wolf, she garnered his schedule and fought for arms control but she was the one who kept an eye on how well the people around ronnie -- how loyal are they, how are they looking after him? are they really on the team? frankly, she was the one who said, you know, if you're not on the team, get this person out of ther there. >> major change when don regan was head of merrill lynch, came over as chief of staff in the second term and nancy just decided that he was not up to the job. and especially when iran-contra came along, she forced him out. she was the enforcer. that was a healthy thing. every president needs somebody around who will be the enforcer. >> we just got a stat

the pulitzer prize for her book "no ordinary time," which chronicled the lives of franklin and eleanor roosevelter works include "wait until next year: the fitzgerald and the kennedys." her new book is called "team of rivals: the political genius of abraham lincoln." i am pleased to welcome you back to this table. how did lincoln do this? he was not a governor. he was not as prominent as the others were. they were esteemed, established figures. he was a one term congressman who lost two races for the senate. he was simply a lawyer made speeches. doris: you would think, after losing two races for the senate, you might go into another line of work, but he had this internal confidence. i think the reason he did it, at the time, people thought it was because he stood in the middle of the party. stewart was on the left, bates was on the right. but when i looked into it, it was really his temperament. he worked harder for this than any of the others. stewart went to europe for eight months prior to the convention, being wined and dined by kings and queens, and lincoln was going from one state to the o