troops in estonia. british troops in estonia. french troops in estonia.s not only in estonia, but in latvia. there are 14 nations together with latvia securing the peace of the region. christian: is that how you perceive europe would arm in armistice surrender ukraine. european troops along the line in ukraine? guest: well, it's too early to define what would be the allied forces' presence, or western forces' presence in ukraine, because we don't have the preconditions for the cease-fire at the moment. we don't know what the peace arrangement will be. it all depends on that, how many troops. russians will still live close to the contact line. and you could it'll keep troops on the contract line. it's too soon to say how big will be the number of troops or what europe should send to ukraine. christian: and that is dependent on the spending is next at the moment that ukraine has less than 50,000 troops. we are still not at 2.5%. there is conceivably no way the big european countries will get to 5% anytime soon. do you demand a different conversation within

lithuania, latvia and estonia have de—coupled south africa's president cyril ramaphosa says his countryriticised south africa's land laws and froze american aid to the country. hello thanks for being with us. both sides have expressed concerns for the health of those involved in the fifth exchange of the gaza ceasefire deal. the israeli prime minister, benjamin netanyahu, has expressed shock at what he described released by hamas. suffered severe weight loss. today in ramallah were in need of medical care and seven were taken straight to hospital. 16 hostages and 566 prisoners have been freed since the ceasefire. wyre davies reports from tel aviv. for the families of the three hostages held for 490 this date was the one they'd been waiting for. amid a show of force from hamas fighters, as the minibus carrying ali sharabi, ohad ben—ami watching from their tel aviv home, sarabhai's family but as the three emerged looking gaunt and weak, shadows of their former selves, celebration turned to shock. translation: it's mixed feelings. i he looks thin. at tel aviv�*s hostages square, the realit

telecommunications, electricity, or fuel lines, have been disruptive between sweden and finland, estonia, latvia, lithuania, and germany didn't lose june. us identity was on board the fest german vessel taking part in the nature operation as it sets off into the voltage see from the northern german coast. the crew of this german worship are preparing for a new mission. apparently there being deployed at short notice as part of the new nato operation called the baltic century. for the next 8 weeks, the vessel with its crew of around 60 will petrol, the baltic sea. their aim is to deter and confront any threats to critical underwater infrastructure, such as data cables and gas pipelines. are you putting a $300.00 outside into the deployment zone? i bel reboot, contribute to the terrans by monitoring the sea area without a sense, as like a radar of optical sense of such as cameras and of cause. binoculars, which are still important, you will observe. the merchant ships paused by it. we will take a look at other worship sense, uh, setting around and we will paint a picture of the situation a

latvia, estonia, and lithuania disconnected their electricity that serves most of the rest of the europeans a system, !t is a temblitated system”* says it doesn't use russia says it doesn't use energy to the ggggy to blackmail. but the republics, poland have ggggy to blackmail. but the warning :s, poland have ggggy to blackmail. but the warning of poland have ggggy to blackmail. but the warning of it >land have ggggy to blackmail. but the warning of it andi have ggggy to blackmail. but the warning of it and when been warning of it and when russia launched invasion in crimea and the full scale the crimea and the full scale invasion of ukraine it became clear how energy clear how powerful energy blackmail was. what has happened is the three baltic republics are essentially severing �*from their severing further from their soviet past. they are linked into a network of soviet—era soviet past. they are linked into a networ with oviet—era soviet past. they are linked into a networ with an et—era infrastructure with'an ~ . with belarus and :fiééf 3m), 77 they have switched them �*and fora �*of ”

year—old who was stabbed to death at his school in sheffield. to death at his lithuania, latvia and estoniae de—coupled their power grids from russia and belarus in a step towards energy independence. the prime minister next week to call for a statutory public inquiry into what happened. taser, taser! do not move. schizophrenic, was arrested. an independent review of his care prior to the attacks, understood or managed. good morning, everybody. once again, thanks for your attendance. that the authorities, who they say failed their to the prime minister and the rest of the government, make it statutory. to attend, give evidence and tell the truth. of the opposition last year. they will meet him again, this time as prime minister, on wednesday. the precise scope of the inquiry it has promised. he wasn't forced to take anti—psychotic medication, in part because he didn't like needles, and the concerns health care. the families of calocane�*s victims say the findings that the government should react. simon jones, bbc news. england and wales. the invictus games begins in vancouver today — the op

how says the move aims to bring estonia? lot feel. i'm that the way the closer to your to us with suitable 59 is fast approaching one of the biggest and most watch sporting events in the world. thousands of funds have been providing on the streets of new orleans is proud to make their way to caesar super down the head of the showdown between the kansas city chiefs and the philadelphia eagles. more than a 125000 direct specs to the tongue tongue headed and as more from the welding. despite in hand security, the party is on here a day ahead of the super bowl. in new orleans, the game is the most watch sporting event in america on the field. it's a natural between quarterback patrick my homes of the kansas city chiefs and jalen heard the philadelphia eagles to puerto backspace each other 2 years ago when the chase brought home. the trophy is the g. it's when again this year it will be the 1st time in the 59 year history of the super bowl is one team, one the game, 3 years in a row. now the quarterbacks are there stars on the field, but t

countries that have seen the most dramatic increase in defense spending over the last 10 years, poland, estonia, lot fia, lithuania, and finish. what do they all have in common? right, they all share a border with russia. we are the countries. now that's the case was rushing across the directions, highway one. so we took off the pressure on our folder and it shows poland has planning to spend 5 percent of gdp on defense this year. more than even the u. s. the baltic and northern states to have invested mass of the into the military. but the, it doesn't matter whether the baltic states increased the defense funding and they keep abilities by 200 percent or 3000 if you want this year signs of their countries and their economies doesn't match well, find some jeremy for example. and so you need the big countries, you need to promise you need germany, you need the united kingdom. germany has pledged to ramp up its military capabilities. but as we've seen, there are many.

the european commission president has hailed and estonia into the eu's electricity grid. discussed for, but gained momentum after russia's full—scale invasion of ukraine in 2022. let's speak to robert pszczel, who is senior fellow at the centre for eastern studies. national team for nato accession talks in 1997. thank you very much for being with us. why is it significant these three countries for these three countries to away from move away from their russian supplier? it move away from their russian su lier? , move away from their russian su--lier? ,_ . move away from their russian su--lier? ,_ supplier? it is symbolic and concrete- — supplier? it is symbolic and concrete. it _ supplier? it is symbolic and concrete. it is _ concrete. it is symbolic because it exactly 33 years because it is egactlyréiéyears ,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,w as bessese it is essetlyésyesrs ”fwwfw—fl—fi as it bessese it is essetlyésyesrs ~ ,, , ~ .,, . as it happens that it is ago as it happens that it is when he is voted users voted to when he isvd�*ted users'voted to independence stay regain independence to stay away f

latvia, estonia, and lithuania disconnected their electricity that serves most of the rest of the europeanto our europe regional editor, danny aeberhard, is across this and told us more. for a long time been warning of that. and obviously when russia launched its invasion, first of crimea and then the full scale invasion of ukraine, it became clear just how powerful a weapon energy blackmail was. republics are essentially severing further from their soviet past. with this, they're linked into a network of soviet era belarus and russia. they've switched those off today. so the eu's foreign policy chief, she said it's a victory for freedom and for european unity. the estonian prime minister called it historic. the lithuanian prime minister said it would strengthen energy both to the baltic republics and also to the entire eu. and there's a further complication because russia has between lithuania and poland, and that, the link from this network to kaliningrad has also now been turned off. energy island of its own. fine. they've been preparing it for years, and it so it's a very complicated s

on saturday, lithuania, latvia and estonia disconnected alongside the three baltic leaders, who'd justelectricity systems were now synchronised with the main european grid through poland. of lithuania, gitanas nauseda. moments ago i received great of baltic states the baltic states electricity system _ the baltic states electricity system to _ the baltic states electricity system to the _ the baltic states electricity system to the continentall system to thematlnental _ w- system to thematlnental _ system has - system tome! _ system has been european system has been this is moment. marking the of a lon- 'ourney for =ez n-a. similarly, von der leyen emphasised the historical today history is made. we connect _ today history is made. we connect the baltic states to european e e-* = 15-2 electricity grid. it is the lines _ electricity grid. it is the lines with russia belarus lines with russia and belarus are dismantled. these 75 24—— chains of power lines linking you to — chains of power lines linking. you to _ will you to hostile neighbodr. -'.. a you to hostile neighboursmll i m— you t

this is a historic moment, marking the end of a long journey for lithuania, latvia and estonia.ct the baltic states to our continental are being dismantled. neighbours will be a thing of the past. this is freedom. freedom from threats. i spoke to franak viacorka, a nonresident fellow journalist from belarus. he also works as an advisor for the belarusian it's truly a big, big deal. basically, baltic states, they said bye—bye to russia so, today, baltic states can celebrate. which concern me — that belarus did not connect. belarus will do the same step and will connect to well, arguably, at the moment when it comes to lukashenko, he is very much in the palm of putin. like he would never use energy to blackmail neighbouring nations or other nations that use russian energy supplies, thinking of gas as well, do you believe him? dependent on russian energy, on gas, oil, electrical energy. and this was the tool basically to put pressure on political leaders. and they do it especially with baltic states. they were doing this with ukraine and of course with belarus. but in belarus, they

leaders of three baltic nations have welcomed while estonia's leader called it an historic day.. i have more news �*you at the top of the hour. see you hello there. a rather grotty day for many of us on saturday, and some of that rain turned to snow over the tops it's just more of the same as we head through the next few brisk easterly wind. and the west in the shelter of that easterly wind, which we are set to keep, with high pressure out towards the east. the wind picking up across the southern half of the uk as we head through the day on sunday. this is how we'll begin the morning. of a patchy frost. perhaps lows of minus seven degrees celsius underneath some brightness and some sunshine to start the day. again, some hill fog. the cloud producing some drizzle, showers perhaps across east anglia. maybe something a little brighter developing out 5—8 degrees celsius. and into monday. this is how we'll begin the new working week, those clear skies in the north and the west. that cold—feeling air, with high pressure out towards the north and the east. it will drive in more showers

context that is rapidly re shaping the world. patasha butler ultra 0 paris, now 3 baltic nations, estonia, lot via lithuania, have successfully connected to the european power grid at a certain many in the lithuanian capital 3 meters alongside european commission president, a self funded lie and celebrated both the energy independence, the move 7 soviet buildings with the rushes network which is controlled by moscow and has long been seen as a vulnerability for the 3 of the states assessment pronunciation of the baltic states electricity system. the continental european system has been successfully completed. this is starting moment marking the end of the long journey for lives the lot, fia and the sonya for all not home. the shaft that shift for energy independence, the pdf of political pressure and blackmail is finally over. history is made. we connect the baltic states to our continental european electricity, great electricity lines with russians that are lucid, being dismantled, these chains of power lines linking you to how style neighbors will be a thing of the past. this is freedom

v motors is currently being built in norway. estonia such magnets are indispensable for electric motors, wind turbines, and other clean energy technologies that the e. u is increasingly relying on. but here to there was a major challenge. so today about 90 percent of all rivers magnetics are manufactured in china. that's a real challenge. it's a real challenge for our global williams. it's a real challenge for our customers. it's a real challenge for all of the global economy because of the size and impact the automotive industry. so once you acknowledge that you can't have that type of concentration in any one single jurisdiction, you have to look think through the importance of how do you diversify this diversification that's already begun in the 100 year old minds of the form of oil shall factory and sell met, not far from the construction site in norway. wherever mentos are process to you in a complex multi stage process. we use internal use for the production of highly sought after permanent magnets in the electrical industry. in a few years time permanent magnets for 2 and a half

anti—knife crime march after the fatal stabbing of 15—year—old harvey willgoose lithuania, latvia and estonia—coupled their power grids from russia and belarus, in a step towards energy independence. country won't be bullied — after us president donald trump criticised south africa's land laws and froze american aid to the country. now on bbc news, it's sportsday. hello and welcome to sportsday — i'm gavin ramjaun. and warren gatland in the six nations, after losing to italy. england are up against the favourites, france, with the match into the closing stages — who has the edge in twickenham. and it was always a long—shot. leyton orient came close to a famous fa cup upset against manchester city, but couldn't quite see it through. england have booked their place in netball�*s nations cup final, as they beat uganda at the copper box arena. ilona maher stars for the bears, in the west country win over exeter. but we start with another superb set of fixtures in the six nations. the team just can't seem to buy a win at the moment — to italy in today's six nations encounter. two defeats in two fo

i've been disruptive between sweden, finland. estonia allowed to be at least to area germany. this is julia sal deli, was on both the 1st german vessel taking pots and the nature operation as it sets off into the baltic sea from the northern german coast. the crew of this german worship are preparing for a new mission. apparently they're being deployed at short notice as part of the new nato operation called baltic century. for the next 8 weeks, the vessel with its crew of around 60 will patrol the baltic sea. their aim is to deter and confront any threats to critical underwater infrastructure. such as data cables and gas pipelines. are you putting a 300 outside into the deployment zone? i but i'll be good. contribute to the terrans by monitoring the see area without a sense, as like a radar of optical sense of such as cameras and of cause by dr. laws, which are still important. you will observe the merchant ships passed by. we will take a look at other warship sense uh, setting around and we will paint a picture of the situation and shed with our allies of phone de simmons if

where telecommunications, electricity, or feelings have been disrupted between sweden and finland, estonia lafayette, at the wayne here in germany, dw is julia sold dell that it was on board, the 1st german vessel taking part in the native operation as it set off into the baltic sea from the northern german coast of the crew of this german worship are preparing for a new mission. apparently there being deployed at short notice as part of the new nato operation called the baltic century. for the next 8 weeks, the vessel with its crew of around 60 will patrol the baltic sea. their aim is to deter and confront any threats to critical underwater infrastructure, such as data cables and gas pipelines. are you putting a 300 outside into the deployment zone? i, the contributor returns by monitoring the seat area without a sense, as like a radar of optical sense of such as cameras and of cause. binoculars, which are still important. you will observe. the merchant ships passed by. we will take a look at other warship sense uh, setting around and we will paint a picture of the situation and shed with

four, maybe five, u.s., u.k., poland, estonia, greece, were meeting the wells pledge. i've always said if you are relying on estonia and greece for western defense, you are a of in trouble. but that wasn't the whole story. by the end of the trump presidency, the first term, that number had doubled of nations, hundreds of billions of dollars going into the coffers of mutual defense. some of that was due in fact to the obama administration. there was a lag effect. but the pressure made a difference. nato did not fall apart. but i think there is a deeper story around nato. our report says, in 2014, 10% of nato countries, 10% of the countries met the pledge. we are at 30% now. we have a long way to go. donald trump in his second term is talking about 5% of gdp toward the fence. that will be difficult for a lot of countries. but i think it is a deeper measure than we were able to present in this report. when you have our defense spending increasing, it is not just about being more militarized. it's about the commitment the nation has to r&d, developing and combating exotic

tie a callous all because 3 former soviet satellite states, latvia, lithuania and her home country. estonia, where she previously served as prime minister are all swapping out there historically reliable russian electricity for a system regulated by the folks in brussels whose recent energy security strategies have included. dressing in sweaters like a turtle and recommending groups, showers in russia can no longer use energy as a tool of blackmail. this is a victory for freedom and european unity. maybe she could point to exactly where on the map of europe, russia supposedly touch the you on wanted lead by black mailing it with electricity . because if that were really the case, it's pretty weird how the officials of these countries like callous. i felt completely free to bad. most russia non stop like someone trash talking their toxic acts while still stealing their netflix password, or like customers who leave scaling yelp and google reviews online, but then still show up every morning like, hey, same table 3 ality is that these baltic countries i've been trying for years to ditch russia

polls in 2 weeks was a sense of right cd you policy is favorites when the my sites 3 voltage nations, estonia allows you and this way and you have successfully connected to the european power grids also, so i'm needing to look for a new and capital. the 3 lead is along slides. european commission present a sort of on july instead of bracing voltage energy independent, say the move 7th of your error. links with rushes networks which is controlled by moscow, has long been seen as the vulnerability the synchronization of the baltic states electricity system. the continental european system has been successfully completed. this is starting moment marking the end of the long journey for lives the lot, fia and the sonya. as for the home, the shops that shift for energy independence, the pdf of political pressure and blackmail is finally over. history is made. we connect the baltic states to our continental european electricity, great electricity lines, with russian federal rooftop being dismantled. these chains of power lines linking you to how style neighbors will be a thing of the past. this is f

the context that is rapidly re shaping the world. patasha butler ultra 0 paris us 3 baltic nations estonia lot via alyssa wayne. yeah, i have successfully connected to the european powered great at a sermon in the lithuanian capital. 3 leaders alongside european commission, president of stuff on the line celebration fall takes energy independence day. and move 7, so these are links with russia's net which is controlled by moscow and has long been seen as a volunteer benefit for the 3 focus thing. best thing for innovation of the baltic states electricity system. the continental european system has been successfully complete this historic moment marking the end of a long journey for lives, the lafayette and the sonya for the home, the shop to achieve full energy independence. the pdf of political pressure and blackmail is finally old. history is made to reconnect the baltic states to r, a continental european electricity, great electricity lines, with russian by the rules of being dismantled. these chains of power lines linking you to how style neighbors will be a thing of the past. this is

spend the course on is a lecture at the university of talk to in estonia. he says there are 3 clear issues that most voters associated with godaddy. and they may give him an edge over the other candidates. there's. busy a few things, but the voters identified with the something started from with all the other kind of the sort of new started. ready political party leaders, factories and probably corruption match. so o c, d and of course, so being at least from the bulk of almost. busy publication. so these are the 3 things i would say the folders identify who we were you when those opportunity for would be that often without his own. busy initiative and that was so the 1st thing that from the 1st window when he opened frame was the september 2020 we when. busy were part of the par surgeons that the started to, you know, to the police to take. ringback over the north because some of those were coming from sort of yeah. so then he took a verse, fox spends the you also physical, of course, the power and managed to take control over the know from part of course

spend the course on a is a lecture at the university of tar 2 in estonia. he says there are 3 clear issues that most voters associated with cookie. and they may give him an edge over the other candidates. there. busy a few things that the voters identify with but something starts different with all the other kind of the sort of new started or. ready political party leaders that these and probably corruption match, so to speak to you. and of course so being at least from the focus of almost the publication. so these are the 3 things onside the bumpers. identify who we were you one of those opportunity for quality that often without his own. busy initiative that was so the 1st thing that from the person when the, when he opened frame was the september 2023. when. busy were part of the bar gates are just starting to, you know, tell you to the police to take over the notes because some of those were coming from sort of yeah. so then he took a verse box stands, the you all so physical, of course, the power and managed to take control over the most part of which

context that is rapidly re shaping the world. patasha butler ultra 0 paris, now 3 baltic nations, estonia, lot via lithuania, have successfully connected to the european power grid at a certain many in the lithuanian capital. 3 leaders alongside european commission president, a self funded lion, celebrated voting energy independence, that move 7 so that they are linked with the rushes network which is controlled by moscow and has long been seen as of the benefits for the 3 of the states. synchronization of the baltic states electricity system. the continental european system has been.

hello, sandra. 3 baltic nations, estonia at lafayette, and listen when you have successfully connected to the european power grid. at a ceremony held in the lithuanian capital, 3 leaders along with the commission president arsenal of underlying celebrated baltic energy independence day. the move severed soviet era links with the rushes network which is controlled by moscow and has long been seen as a vulnerability for the 3 baltic states, the synchronization of the baltic states electricity system. the continental european system has been successfully complete. this is historic moment markings the and i'll fedloan charlie 4 lives the lot, fia and the sonya for all not home. the shop to achieve full energy independence. the pdf of political pressure and black males is finally over. history is made. we connect the baltic states to our continental european electricity, great electricity lines with russians that are roost at being dismantled. these chains of power lines linking you to how style neighbors will be a thing of the past. this is freedom, freedom from stress to freedom from blac

john, thanks so much. 3 baltic nations, estonia, lafayette and lithuania, have successfully connected to the european power grid. at a ceremony in the list of indian capital, the 3 leaders alongside european commission, president, 1st of of bundle lions, celebrated baltic energy independent states. the move severed soviet era links with the rushes network which is controlled by moscow, and has long been seen as an owner ability for the free baltic states. a tribute to port in for it. and it may be as founding father, samuel joe man who has died at the age of 95 may be as president non gold, a new boy announced the former leaders, death calling him a revered freedom fighter. and revolutionary leader, joe mcglenn, a 3 decade long fight for maybe is independence from apartheid era. south africa, south africa's presidents, through around the oppose accredited new drama as an inspiration for his country struggle against white minority rule and drama. died late saturday after battling an illness in the hospital for 3 weeks. all right, that's it for me and how much of room sort of height are

. >> welcome, especially the president of the european commission and the former president of estonia who we met with when i was a senator just a couple of months ago feels like. we are talking about trade issues and economic issues and the trump administration has been very clear we care a lot about europe. we see a lot of economic relationship to build upon with europe and also want to make sure we're actually engaged in a security partnership that's good for both europe and the united states. we're thrilled with the conversation and looking forward to it. >> a pleasure. the speech at the a.i. action forum and i like very much to talk with you [inaudible] i think the same goes for our trans atlantic relationship. optimism [inaudible] and strong bond. very much looking forward to working with you. >> we look forward to it, too. now we've made our public remarks and we'll now meet and you guys have to leave. >> bill: curious to see how this relationship unfolds. how it happened during the first trump administration with members of the european union. jd vance was in paris talking abou

tech companies, if you go to estonia, bolt is their company. idown loaded and it worked. the inagain yows is something that the united states could replicate it and could protect their democracy. the big question for europe is do they want to be like us? do they want to have a social medial environment where you have tech billionaires being able to really put their thumb on the scale when it comes to european democratic politics and we have seen it in u.k. and germany and e.u. and you have the tools to do it. i think there is going to be a massive collision that comes between washington and brussels. and we think washington is strong here and that the tech companies has leverage. what leverage do they have? i don't quite see it. i think when i look alford the big question for me when it comes to european democracy is not whether it will last or take the actions they have the power to take to ensure and protect democracies. is it an example you want to follow? if not, you have clear tools to go in a different direction. >> thanks very much, max. [applause] >> finally i'm g

. >> to estonia, latvia and lithuania completed a switch from russia's electricity grid to the u.s. it's being hailed as one of the final breaks with the soviet era. european commission president ursula von der leyen hailed the move. today. history is made. >> we connect the baltic. states to our continental european electricity grid. electricity lines with russia. >> and belarus. >> are. >> being dismantled. >> these chains of power lines linking you to hostile neighbors will be a thing of the past. >> the move also means that russia's enclave of kaliningrad has been cut off from the country's power grid. russia says it has ensured kaliningrad has enough electricity to stand alone. i want to turn now to germany, where u.s. president donald trump overshadowed a pre-election debate between the candidates for chancellor, incumbent olaf scholz says europe is prepared to respond quickly if the u.s. imposes tariffs on the european union. as we mentioned earlier, mr. trump is preparing to announce tariffs on many countries this week. scholz also clashed with his conservative rival friedri

just hours ago, estonia, lithuania and latvia synchronized their newly independent power grid with theopean union's grid. this comes just one day after the three former soviet republics simultaneously disconnected from electrical grid controlled by russia. the three countries are, for some of the most vocal opponents of russia's war in ukraine. in about half an hour or an hour and a half, voters in ecuador will start going to the polls. in a presidential election defined by drug related violence and widespread energy blackouts. current president daniel noboa was elected in 2023 after his predecessor resigned, dissolved congress and triggered new elections to avoid impeachment. obama faces a rematch against political rival luis gonzalez, a leftist politician who's running on a platform to, quote, revive ecuador. international observers have been dispatched to monitor the vote. on saturday, ecuador's electoral council distributed election kits and heightened law enforcement presence around the country to ensure today's vote runs peacefully. all right. coming up. avian flu is killing bird

of nato, nato allies here, particularly those eastern, flank nato allies, including lithuania and estonia. they are extremely skeptical of that, to say the least. and they are very concerned that by trump having these conversations with putin directly, it leaves ukraine and europe out of the picture when it comes to finding some kind of negotiated settlement here. here's a little bit of what the uk defense secretary said about this earlier today. again, kind of pushing back on this notion that ukraine cannot be directly involved in these conversations. >> that there can be no negotiation about ukraine without ukraine. and ukraine's voice must be at the heart of any talks is that okay? >> now, we also heard some pretty stark comments from germany's defense minister responding to henk smith comments that the u.s. does not believe that ukraine's ultimate membership in nato is a realistic solution. boris pistorius, who is germany's defense secretary, said that that should not have been taken off the table before these kinds of peace negotiations even begin. he said that the concessions to put

so thank, estonia, i hope you all check out the book. i mean, we've been talking about lots of things that we think are, you know, chomsky's major contributions and. as i say, as i mentioned at the outset, you know, my hope in working him on this was to try and help collect some of core insights to organize, to update them for 2024, to make them fresh and and relevant and to really kind of state restate powerfully and you'll if if we managed to pull that off but i hope you all will give it a chance so i'd say books for sale outside plasma books has has all of our all of our books on sale and they're all great because we've assembled a fantastic panel of people. so thank you all so much for coming. and. subscribe to current affairs magazine. you can go online, there is a code the word chomsky will get you 20% off please subscribe