also on the show portugal abandons the austerity. policies pushed for by the e.u. the result the portuguese economy is growing again. welcome to d.w. business stocks in china kicked off this new week with mild losses amid lingering worries of a full blown trade war with the united states on sunday china announced tariffs of up to twenty five percent on one hundred twenty eight u.s. imports including pork and wine the new tariffs kick in today and beijing said the move was to save china's interests and balance losses caused by a new us terrorists. these american avocados are destined for the chinese market but they might not sell so well anymore now that china has imposed tariffs on fruit and meat while steel pipes and scores of other imports from the usa the rates of fifteen percent on one hundred twenty items and twenty five percent on eight others . the chinese government says that people support its move some in china regret the ensuing rise in prices. it's definitely going to have an impact many fruits that kids love only grow in foreign countries we don't have

the pop of the most government had a specific mandate its mission was to pass the austerity measures are the second memorandum deemed necessary by the e.u. after the first one failed miserably. if parliament passed to the measures greece would receive an additional hundred thirty billion euro loan to save it from default. the mission was completed in february twenty twelfth with athens once again in flames amid furious demonstrations. early national elections were called the first since the crisis. europe's political elite initially supported the austerity policies imposed not only in greece but throughout europe. they argued it was the only way out of the two thousand and eight crisis and they had the science to prove it. a scientific argument which seemed irresistible. at the beginning of twenty ten amid the global economic crisis harvard economists carmen reinhart and ken rogoff published a short paper with a bleak message. they argued there was a specific debt limit and almost magical number which when surpassed kills economic growth. his number being ninety percent of a country'

there was an audience ready to hear a message that austerity was the solution ready to hear the public debt was the number one problem instead of the terrible global recession that we were facing in those years. this paper may have had a stronger impact on public debate than any previous study in the history of economic science. financial markets that are allowed to operate without oversight are not to blame for the financial crisis countries deficits were. the studies conclusions became the bible for supporters of a sturdy in the united states and in europe. it became the roadmap for future economic policy. i think there was an austerity not sturdy lobby that wanted to go after a public that wanted to ignore the terrible global recession that we are facing and the reinhart and rogoff paper gave fuel and intellectual justification for that. and it was very rapidly taken up it was widely cited in europe olli rehn of the european commission david cameron prime minister of britain george osborne chancellor of the exchequer all cited this paper. the expert has said when you get here a grow

tom: our american austerity -- clearly we do not have austerity now -- our austerity is defined differentlyk and feel like? oscillatesausterity massively. five years ago the imf was criticizing the united states for cutting the budget deficit quickly. rate wasunemployment still elevated, interest rates were stuck at zero, there was a huge movement to remove fiscal stimulus in the united states. now, with the unemployment rate at 4%, we are doing the fiscal stimulus we should have done more of five years ago. defined inut and american culture in a world where you have that type of oscillation not tied to the economy, i think -- tom: with your experience at the white house to go from 10% unemployment of 4%, that is extraordinary. who do you want to give credit to? let me guess. [laughter] francine: let's get back to that. i will cut you off. jason and nathan, but stay with us. -- both stay with us. the imfp, live from spring meeting, a conversation with the south african reserve bank leader. that is at 2:30 in new york. later on we also speak with the south african finance minister. this is b

auster is one of those nine countries. but does it feel like you are being pressured because you are not united with a great britain on this no i do not see of course the question was i think. probably the british presentation held high plausibility otherwise all the members of the you would not have decided to make. your lattimer's declaration but in the question of the sanctions opinions different because of course there was no clear proof on the one hand and on the other hand still also was to question whether it was very reasonable to react with sanctions under braking the dialogue between russia and the western countries. as one of those countries that is firmly convinced that it is necessary and will be less a series to keep up this dialogue and to talk. about all the matters security matters between russia and the west and the former swedish foreign minister carl bildt said austria's position is incompatible with e.u. membership while former alaskan foreign minister artie's sees this as a bad joke this is a quote is

course a successful economic reform up portugal set sail for a brighter future i mean you think from austerity to prosperity. this is your business update on heaven on free thanks for joining me it's a faceoff between the globe's two top economists use those market tension over a trade war between the united states and china beijing's take the tariffs on u.s. imports have kicked it the government says the mood the move is to safeguard china's interests and balance losses from you american terrorists. these american avocados are destined for the chinese market but they might not so so well anymore now that china has imposed tariffs on fruit eat wine steel pipes and scores of other imports from the usa the rates of fifteen percent on one hundred and twenty items and twenty five percent on eight others. the chinese government says the people support its move though some in china regret the ensuing rise in prices. it's definitely going to have an impact many fruits that kids love only grow in foreign countries we don't have them in china that is a direct impact. it's absolutely right to impose tar

after leaving ones but this is an inconvenient truth eight percent increase on five years ago as austerity policies the didn't save directly from tourism is david cameron's policies there's been a ten fold increase in zero hours contracts by forty thousand people your party liberal democrat coalition in those early years can't blame me for that i wasn't there for that period of government with coalition but you're right from twenty ten on words has been a big problem it actually goes back to the labor administration as well tony blair's administration gordon brown's of ministration also made changes to the benefit system let's take a step back from this these figures we can once again sound a little bit sterile we're talking about tens of thousands of people living in the united kingdom which is the sixth wealthiest economy in the world who are homeless and they're trying to bring up children and i think that squares two comfortably with those who claim that we are the bastion of the welfare state that over thank you. well in the past twenty four hours the u.k.'s largest food bank provider

because that will create more austerity especially for those with higher education. >> we be more broadly your thoughts? >> he led with the right message it is working and this has been a bipartisan realizationid the partisans here on capitol hill they say it will be armageddon fighting fires so when we first passed the bill the average voter said i don't know who is telling me the truth both cannot be right now people see it really is making a difference especially in our international competitiveness i don't think anybody ever accused tim cook to be right wing's not like he forgot to make $300 billion from investment when president obama was president it is rational tax policy they didn't have money offshore because of political but the tax code was much more broken than it is today. part of the way those were paid for was to look for offset and one of the things that universities generally enjoy is exempt status they don't pay taxes and off those contributions to these endowments are tax-deductible in those generously so universities have billions of dollars of cash that they do notas

it looks like a relaxation of austerity which is exactly what philip hammond, the chancellor, is sayingt yet. we seem should not do, at least not yet. we seem to hear very vocal cries from mps once they have been personally affected by diseases. for example test match all stocking about allowing patients to travel abroad. there are so many stories are that families fighting to take their children abroad for a treatment. and it takes it —— takes it to be a personal thing for the mps to actually understand —— tessa jowell. i think that is one of the great things about parliament. you probably don't hear me or henry being uncynical about politicians very often. quite often, the personal experiences lead to very powerful speeches in the house of commons and i wonder if this very personal call on the front of the telegraph from lord lansley might be a thing to kickstart it. we hope so. let's go back to the guardian. the hidden toll of ambulance delays. ame putting lives at risk. —— a&e. hidden toll of ambulance delays. ame putting lives at risk. -- me. the guardian says 600,000 amulets as ha

australia have to learn the language have to be able to communicate with the others have to adapt auster the rules and be ready to live here under the rules of the australian government and not only the official rules but also the rules covering all the of society this is the most important one the other one is of course that you have to differ between those people who have the rights to stay here. this is the real refugees and other migrants that only come to australia due to economic reasons because they. can find a better job or earn more money then they can do it home but it's not possible to overtake all those people from all the countries who have. not a payment that is is as high as we have it in austria and therefore you have to differ very clearly between refugees and migrants refugees which means people who have come to australia out of security reasons they have the right to stay here but they have to integrate and all the others they are selected all they have to go back because we cannot overtake millions and tens and hundreds of millions. people all over africa all so far a

way to make this much more stable and most people would agree for example that the german imposed austerity was bad for the southern states it hurt the e.u. it created a rift between the north and the south that's one point but what is right for the e.u. and maybe even i'm going to mecca would agree on that is not necessarily something that is supported politically by the different populations for example in germany it's very hard to push through the ideas like mccraw is mentioning them right now because germans easily get the impression that they're just paying for the rest of the european union to bail them out without having control over where this money goes but it seems fairly well i can sensual on an expert level of people we talked to that you need to share the burden more that the construction as we have it now won't work for a future financial problem and that's an issue that you mentioned is not quite so popular domestically in germany but how about in france itself tell us a little bit more about the situation facing micron at home and whether or not you know his own people suppo

knows something about getting itself off the dusting itself off the financial crisis certainly hurt austerity even more at first but the country pulled through and started spending again well before everything looked rosy annual growth is now at two point seven percent so we took a trip to a warmer and brighter looking part of europe business is going pretty well for eve oldest his co-operative has been making wine since nineteen fifty seven but sales haven't been this good for years. in the beginning there were only this part and then have to upgrade it to increase the capacity then we buy those we will double the capacity we put. just side by side because we are in the maximum capacity of production and we have more demand and with what can you produce around thirty people work in the cover where a co-operative. working conditions have improved for most portuguese in the past two years thanks to a raft of reforms including a higher minimum wage instead of starting economic growth it's accelerated it at least that's how the portuguese finance minister seize it. we have done some increases es

show should say who's been previously calling for us to be banned probably not help them by cuts austerity cuts in our diplomatic services well there's the debate about whether britain is adequately equipped in diplomatic terms and the suggestion has been particularly from people like corbin that those cuts are causing harm because it's compromising the ability to have the very kind of dialogue that could prevent these kinds of escalating tensions in the first place but then there's another kind of austerity going on the chemical biological rate the radiological or nuclear or c b r n regiment which was previously commissioned to deal with exactly this kind of situation is being cut back that's in my view a very valid criticism no wonder we're really talking about there a limit just up there for a second we're now joined from the german capital berlin where with the chair of politics society political journalism or the university of sheffield professor peers or robinson pearce we can hear me ok you don't. i mean what did you think of m.p.'s slamming jeremy corbyn for appeasement on this who

we entered the age of austerity.6 billion, that's well below what was forecast? if we look at the government's day—to—day spending — that's stripping out investment spending on things like new roads — the government is already running a surplus of £100 million. now, that's small, but it's the first time that's happened since 2002. and here's the dilemma foer hammond. with the better figures, does he start spending more on public services like health? cabinet colleagues might like him to. and labour is demanding he does, they accuse the government of failing on the economy, or does he save it for possible a rainy day ahead. the chancellor is a cautious man and one of the original architects of austerity. he may have a little bit more money to play with, how he will use it may only become clear in the budget — and that's not until the autumn. huw. kamal, many thanks against. kamal ahmed, our economics editor there. a high courtjudge has rejected the latest application from the parents of the severely ill boy alfie evan

. >> the austerity, dina, is so severe. this stat blows my mind. 20% of oklahoma schools have four-day weeks. forget labor conditions and whether teachers are being paid that is just not sufficient to educate a populace. >> right. it is shocking. and imagine the bind that puts parents in to find child care on that fifth day of the week. it is a truly radical situation because of the austerity budgeting there is no textbooks. i visited schools in tulsa that are rationing paper for teachers and students. this is something that parents and kids are feeling. it's not just about the teachers a salary. >> do you get the sense there was -- one of the things we saw in west virginia which was really interesting was west virginia is a state that has a very storied labor history. but also a very conservative state. you saw a lot of support for the teachers there from students and parents. did you get the same sense when you were in oklahoma? >> so this walkout will not work without parent and community support. i think what teachers a

is that if you are in government for a long period of time in particular if you are ministering austerity throughout that period you would expect me fall further back than they are at the moment and you agree with coburn that it is a river and a monastery. no know what we're dealing with here is a collection of local authorities votes on local or local service it's a no show if he loses seats in some part of the country or another he will say anything about it being a referendum on him i think the labor party will do well but the question is i welcome what they do better if they had some leader other than jeremy colgan because most of the polls suggest they would do much better if they had a moment or a leader who they would thank you after the break there's thousands like dead or wounded in palestine in the past few days are charities seeking to alleviate the suffering being targeted to we speak to israeli special forces veteran make up of it about his latest book charting the downfall of the holy land foundation five well the simple coming up about two of going underground. is this is h

supposed to stay on the route reform process they need to be there needs to be further or continued austerity in a certain way however we will help them there will be an exit payment and so the ministers were really largely of one mind and the problem now is mainly they are waiting for bullen because all of shorts the new finance ministers came here and he brought nothing he had nothing to put on the table and of course the contentious issue still is debt relief how is that going to be structured what is going to be to look like and so there will have to be further talks about that. the world's richest man it just got richer jeff pays us founder and biggest shareholder of online retailer amazon has seen another eight billion u.s. dollars added to his personal networks shares in his company have jumped by seven percent after announced first quarter profits more than doubled compared to last year analysts say a rise in online shopping and increased demand for the firm's cloud services drove up the numbers but it's not all plain sailing more from our man on wall street yes caught in restaurants

further back than they are at the moment and you agree with coburn that it is a river and about austerity. now you know what we're dealing with here is a collection of local authorities on the votes on local or local services i'm not sure if he loses seats in some part of the country and other people say it and i think about it being a referendum on him i think he will do well but the question is i welcome would they do better if they had some leader other than jeremy colgan because most of the polls suggest they would do much better if i had a moment or a leader look i would thank you thank you after the break there's thousands like dead or wounded in palestine in the past few days are charities seeking to alleviate the suffering being targeted to speak to israeli special forces veteran the lead about his latest book charting the downfall of the holy land foundation five. coming up about two of going underground. so what we've got to do is identify the threats that we have it's crazy. let it be an arms race based on often scary dramatic development only personally i'm going to resist i d

i remember thinking that the nuns lived such an austere life. so much on earth.teresa again many, many years later. she was that much older, a bit more wrinkled. now what do you do? what do you do now? it was his choice. in the 19905 was a huge task. what could bring them back together again? to unite people through music. sarajevo was destroyed. people were exhausted. sarajevo for me is a crossroad city. and bosnia generally, a meeting point of different religions. difficult to make comparisons. all people experiencing terrible suffering. that is something that touches me deeply. i lived it. of an interreligious choir. we started to sing first of all jewish songs, it was very easy. between these two groups. because they physically felt disgust against such music. after two or three months the same people said this is beautiful. they said this is the power of music, it cleanses people. the first time, there were people who could not accept it. but they are so tender in voice and in music. their music is full of play, they dance in front of god. songs we are angel

change in course successful economic reform a portugal set sail for a brighter future moving from austerity to prosperity. and it's a long time till christmas but modern day life is taking its toll on the age old trade of frankincense how would the three wise men have solved this one. let's do business it's a face off between the globe's top two economies and it's set to get ugly is financial market tension this hour over a trade war between the united states and china beijing's tit for tat tariffs on u.s. imports kick in today the government says the move is to safeguard china's interests and balance losses caused by new american targets. these american avocados that destined for the chinese market but they might not sell so well anymore now that china has imposed tariffs on fruit eat steel pipes and scores of other imports from the usa the rates of fifteen percent on one hundred twenty items and twenty five percent on eight others. the chinese government says the people support its move though some in china regret the ensuing rise in prices. it's definitely going to have an impact many fr

begins to realize and you see that in many circles that the traditional recipe of i would say german austerity has not necessarily proven right in areas like portugal which is proving that actually another way was possible but this should not be an excuse for not doing the reforms and you actually mixing good economic policy with a lot of emotional aspects and this is what we've achieved in europe is to create this diversity and emotions and views into something which is creating a lot of creativity innovation for the moment it's putting a lot of politicians back to the national boards and lost elections also show that focus on national topics is is the key priority but i was just speaking to the city you see su's economy spokesperson yesterday and he will not budge from that formulation that formula of reforms equal. economic progression and it will save the day but the reforms that have hurt the southern states have really hurt and i don't think that message has got through to the germans yet what what message would you like to give to ms merkel today on such an important day that she's meet

also austerity has been the name of the game for many countries in europe recently portugal has opted for a different approach in the countries wine producers are benefiting. thanks coaster is a coming right up with ben facility in business one minute. ago i'm going to. go i'm going to. play make a commitment. they find. in stronger. africa a. story of both people making a difference shaping their new show among.

supposed to stay on the route reform pass they need to be there needs to be further or continued austerity in a certain way however we will help them there will be an exit payment and so the ministers were really largely of one mind and the problem now is mainly the out waiting for bullen because all of shorts the new finance ministers came here and he brought nothing he had nothing to put on the table and of course the contentious issues still is debt relief how is that going to be structured what is going to be to look like and so there will have to be field talks about that. i mean you mentioned there already is one sort of speciality there because we're used to the fact the germany is taking the lead to also in particular when it comes to the eurozone finance ministers meeting and and there is a shift now i also understand that the issue of you import tariffs was or still is maybe a talking point in sofia. it's a talking point of course it's on the sidelines because it's not the center of finance ministers business however of course everybody thinks about it and we have seen again this

think he would have been quite austere. politically very committed. and socially committed, too.ould have felt he was a man of enormous integrity and a very, very fascinating figure. roland philipps, author of a spy named orphan, thank you very much. thank you. hello once again. not the most sparkling of days, certainly not in my neck of the woods anyway. hopefully it was more cheerful for you. i know there was some sunshine across the north and west of scotla nd across the north and west of scotland and other spots in the west as well. poor old barbara in bromley was right in the midst of it. in the midst of what? this area of low pressure and it's attending fronts was the feature which spread rain across some spots through the course of the day. it is there to start the day and to start the weekend, so rather cool and windy and rather cloudy as well. some sunshine further away from that area of low pressure. but it will be a chilly start for scotla nd pressure. but it will be a chilly start for scotland and northern ireland. enough cloud for there to be bits and pieces of rain

i remember thinking that the nuns lived such an austere life.fer for christ and offer your suffering to god and i could not bear that because i thought we should try to fight poverty and that people don't have to suffer so much on earth. i saw mother teresa again many, many years later. she was that much older, a bit more wrinkled. my mother asked mother teresa to bless her grandchildren and my mother said to her my daughter used to come and volunteer and then she said very arrogantly, i felt at the time, that oh, yes, yes, you used to do these things when you were little, now what do you do? what do you do now? this 40 years i've never doubted even for a second that i have done the right thing because the will of god, it was his choice. rebuilding sarajevo after the bosnian war in the 1990s was a huge task. for centuries, people of different ethnicities and religions had lived side by side, but after such a bitter civil war what could bring them back together again? one catholic franciscan monk had an idea, a multi—faith choir to unite people t

almost half of councils in england have reduced cash reserves as the effect of rising costs and austerityd anti—money laundering laws when he set up a company to buy luxury flats. mr hunt has apologised for his mistakes and has since corrected them. the mirror reports on the first day of sir cliff richard's court case. he's suing the bbc over live footage it broadcast of a police raid on his home. and finally, the express reports that senior medical officials have condemned previous nhs guidelines on carbohydrates as adding to the obesity crisis. but begin almost with the story we are talking about last night's paper. no surprise, rachel, if the metro and it's this "council of war." indeed. this is leading with theresa may's to our meeting with cabinet in which she has secured their backing for some kind of action for the horrific chemical attack we saw in ghouta over the weekend. there's been a slight reconfiguration in the sense that trump seems to have pulled back a little bit, in the sense that he's 110w little bit, in the sense that he's now while, i didn't say when we would strike i

this is what happens post financial crisis, austerity cuts imposed by the coalition and conservativeicular, the social care budgets which not only will hit, but then with the nhs crisis as well, social care... pressure gets transferred from one bit to the other. exactly that, so we're seeing now and half the councils in england now running down their reserves in the last few yea rs, their reserves in the last few years, and it just their reserves in the last few years, and itjust seems like a desperate situation. councils are having to make these terrible decisions about which of the essential services that they provide meaning to be cut. and the big debate, because the government is saying... council, stop sitting on your reserves, start spending them. exactly, and there's also the politics at heart of this. it's potentially explosive. the tories had something labelled the dementia tax, which... the amount of people who have to worry about social care is on the front of the daily telegraph. it's jeremy hunt, is on the front of the daily telegraph. it'sjeremy hunt, the secretary of s

i think he would have been quite austere. politically very committed. and socially committed, too.would have felt he was a man of enormous integrity and a very, very fascinating figure. roland philipps, author of a spy named orphan: the enigma of donald maclean, thank you very much. thank you. hello, we willjust focus on the weather across eastern england for a moment because tomorrow will be a thoroughly miserable day. how miserable? wet weather works in, strong winds, gale force around eastern coasts, and it will feel really quite cold for the time of year as well. normally across south—east england we would be expecting temperatures of around 15 degrees this time of year, but tomorrow there will be large stretches of the day when they are struggling around three orfour celsius. added to that, also some strong winds that will make it feel colder, so winter coats at the ready. this weekend, the pressure has actually been rising across scotland, and as this area of france low—pressure moves forward, it is that which brings us those strong winds, the wet weather working in across ea

strategically invest in certain parts of the european union sharing the load more going away from the austerity program that the germans were symbolic for in the past and so he really is not only fighting for those plans but it seems like he's fighting for the survival of the european union in mind when mccall really believes that the european union force especially germany and france the to join forces now might even change to change the treaties to really go a step forward to invent a new european union and so far we haven't heard anything from berlin that seems like they're supporting this idea why is he pushing now for these changes so urgently max. well the logical thing for him is that what happened back couple of years ago in greece as river just mentioned when greece really didn't have the means to counter the financial and suing economic crisis they had because they didn't have their own currency you know all the different eurozone countries of course have the euro so they couldn't really counter act there didn't have the means to invest or at least value their currency because they di

worrying about these years, and it has been eight years now, the government was elected and started austeritymme, the effect of it is not just static, they are increasing. this is 60% of teachers survey to say that child poverty in schools has worsened since 2015, that is two, three years. 60% said that it has increased worse in their schools injust three years. has increased worse in their schools in just three years. the government said that more schools —— all schools getting more money to support people in a variety of ways. that has come out in the story we have been running regarding special—needs schools. have been running regarding special-needs schools. how much money and is it enough? the government can turn around, they are doing it at the moment with midwives. we are going to have 4000 midwives, but you have lost over 4000 midwives during the period you have been in government, so what you are attempting to do isjust replace the midwives you have lost. so, that is howl the midwives you have lost. so, that is how i feel about that. labour vows is how i feel about that. labour vows

products including wine and food and there's more trouble brewing also coming up austerity has been the name of the game for many countries in europe recently portugal has opted for a different approach and the countries wine producers are benefiting those stories coming right up with monica tell us. they will not succeed in dividing us shall not succeed in taking the people off the streets because we're tired of this dictatorship. taking a stand global news that matters d. w. made mines.

cause by you know being friends with the with nato countries and i guess even that is as great an austerity didn't it because you implemented neoliberal reforms that are years led to the breakout of this absolutely revolutionary government absolutely and. actually just a list also s.-chip in the civil war against this rapid liberal reforms we had to do with more in a balanced way more slowly we had to focus on the disabuse of wealth we had to focus on economic and social development in the areas and we have to focus on local production whether industrial production or a bit of cultural production instead we we the governments. rushed to liberalize the economy according to. you know world bank formulas that's really the big big just the harm with. not one single good game out there before you even get back to that kind of reconstruction of course they'll have to be surely some sort of truth and reconciliation committee or are they just going to be massive death penalties against those that the assad government believe people trying to destroy syria. actually you know it's not as simple as th

i think he would have been quite austere. politically very committed. and socially committed, too.y jokes, but i think he would have felt he was a man of enormous integrity and a very, very fascinating figure. roland philipps, author of a spy named orphan: the enigma of donald maclean, thank you very much. thank you. hello. we've had a real mixture of weather across the uk today. some sunshine across the north—west of the country, although there was a bit of cloud bubbling up through the afternoon. it brought a few passing showers to the cumbrian fells, and across scotland and northern ireland as well. you can see that shower cloud building. further south, it was a different story across the bulk of england. we had extensive cloud from a weather front that continued to bring outbreaks of rain throughout the afternoon across eastern counties of england. big puddles on the ground as well. the ground is saturated and, with more heavy rain in the forecast over the coming couple of days, we could see some localised flooding as we head into monday. before we get there, for the night, we'

and this was the first time that the irish people had taken a stand on any issue since austerity had begun says to troika write to towson and not. me. i think for some people it probably was the straw that broke the camel's back. i know all of the sudden moves in the street together. there are. you know this is sewer only little bit of power you can't go and funk the troika but you can stand to thank your folks and there's a polar and and it like it might be treat years and we're still not finished but people are still resisting this because it is the one thing that they have power and they're never going to get it. and we knew then this is being something different to something it's about water forced to foremost but it's also about much more than war it's about to hurt to be trailed the surrender of sovereignty. and the redistribution of our west operatives and their debt downwards. there is a problem with the leaks and we couldn't find them until we have brought in some measures so if i see my solution suddenly it's as if it's a million liters a month for a couple of people in my

greek taxpayers had to pay a high price for this no harsh austerity. stereotype as far as the eye could see. behind the will stare at c strategy is also a kind of strategy that says that people must be punished ime if they find things hard then they will work hard. but that is not been the problem the problem was a a relationship between banks very happy to lend money and governments very happy to solve their problems by going into relationships with their banks and political leaders are the people who needed to learn less ordinary greeks italian spanish portuguese people work just as hard if the aga the people everywhere else. i said mr public radio you can go to the germans and remind them of what the americans did at the end of the second world war go to the germans remind them of what wasn't done at the end of the first world war and then ask them to compare which they want to see reason your go through. i personally would have preferred a solution it's. political also in international frames is a question of both of. us me of that would be to get