baden baden podcast and i am its host, konstantin severinov. today we are talking about pediatrics, and we are discussing this very important topic with andrei alekseevich stepanov, the chief specialist in pediatrics of the presidential property management department of the russian federation. i see several useful, it seems to me, lessons, that is, we need to stick to it. and genetic tests do not need to be done yet, because you will not find anything. according to the doctor's indications, then povizm is still necessary and can be useful, and i apologize, i will interrupt, in the maternity hospital they take certain screenings, that is , they take blood on a special test paper, send it to a special center, where they perform, among other things, a genetic analysis for the maximum amount, and this is just a medical service, you don’t look anyone in the eye, they just give you some kind of table, here... in general , this is done for everyone, it’s like any screening, yes, you understand, that is, when the coverage is maximum, if suddenly there is some deviation, then they call the patient, look him in the eye, either for a repeat analysis, or already they start to study more in-depth, vaccine, genetics, and umbilical cord blood, rather yes, if it is possible and maybe it would even be worth expanding someday, well, in the end, yes, well, and in this way we... create better conditions for them in the future so that they can already go their own way. a person has a fairly strong desire for self-development, right? if we are talking about early development, there are also a lot of myths and legends here, that is, in front of a newborn there are almost theatrical scenes from king lear so that he is more intellectually developed we are preparing for university, well fortunately the child. there is a certain structure in the brain, the so -called reticular formation, which simply filters out all the excessive potentials, what does this mean in russian, it means, for example, that a newborn child can wake up from the mother's voice, quiet, gentle, which is addressed to her, at the same time, if a cannon fire occurs, he will not wake up, because this structure will cut off all the excessive impulses, and the child passes. for a child - this is a focus on some contrasting images, on the mother's face and all newborns were conducted studies, again, distinguish, well , in fact, schematic images of a human face, the so-called emoticons, yes, that is, smiles, there are dissatisfied facial expressions, this is what they understand, they react to this vegetatively, and in fact , everything in a child is aimed precisely at survival, therefore ... the smallest newborn can move a little on the mother's chest in order to reach the source accordingly milk by and large. the child develops as it should, not speed up, well, unfortunately, slow down, if some disease has occurred, it is possible, but it is necessary to force it and so that, like the hero in the fairy tale, he went through all the stages in a year and became three , so ilya muromets, 33 years old, on the contrary, he was lying on the stove, by the way, well, yes, but there are those who did not have time to be born, immediately the next year they went to get married, there are also a lot of such fairy tales. so everything coincides, the child's motor abilities, for example, when he begins to crawl, it is in at this point he begins to be afraid and distinguish strangers, because before he began to crawl, there was no point in being afraid, because it is impossible to run away anyway, therefore everything is physiologically justified, well, if everything is fine in this best of all possible worlds, then nothing needs to be done, that is, it really is itself, well, the evolution of nature, by whom... it is well laid down so that we all go through a common path of development, but the results are still different, because different people get, you understand, specially theatrical performances, maybe there is no point, with a child you need to communicate, you need to talk to the child, you need to play the right music for the child, classical music has a beneficial effect on cognitive abilities, on interneuronal connections, this is all completely proven, there is a separate... some kind of monotonous noise, low-frequency, there is an exhaust fan, a vacuum cleaner, turn on the water, maybe the father's voice, by the way, there were also studies that if, for example, the child is turned on, a man's voice has a more calming effect on a newborn child, that is, low tones, but nevertheless, if we talk there about the noise of a waterfall, the so-called white noise, yes, all mothers know about this concept, so in this way... exactly what we started with, when you said that there are too many sites with different information, there are probably recipes right yes, what you need to listen to, of course, you can combine that you need to listen to classical music, modern, personally i would not play it for my children when they were little and i have a granddaughter, so i tried not to play modern repertoire for her, the problem is that when they grow up and become teenagers, they still start listening to it, well if it's a problem, they make their choice later, i think. that already at least a more developed brain, more, at least, well it continues to develop, it continues to develop all life, but at least at that rebellious stage, probably, it's just normal, so that later they return to the classical repertoire at a more mature age and torment their children, well in this just, here and here are pediatric recommendations will change, we will all be in so. wonderful, thank you very much, i we obviously that the topic is very big, it suddenly occurred to me that after all, a very important thing is actually artificial feeding, but i'm afraid we won't be able to talk about it now, when you were talking, it's very interesting about the fact that the child focuses on the mother, that in his first months he lives in order to, well, how to get milk from the mother, but after all, after all, when we transfer him to artificial feeding, it's completely different it turns out to be a clinker, but you are right, konstantin, because... that any branch of pediatrics is like a separate universe, we can talk about this for a very long time, and if you think of some kind of series of programs about certain subsections, i think that you and i will be able to cover it, if you see in this, it seems to me that this is precisely the mission, yes, because after all, information, if you need doctors who can be trusted, then you need to see these doctors and talk to them and hear them, otherwise. you will listen to something another, because a holy place is never empty, yes absolutely right, therefore it would be wonderful, thank you very much, thank you, this is the badenen podcast, today we talked about prodiatr. and our bride is polina. polina, 33, due to pathological fatigue at work, could not pay due attention to her husband, so she herself suggested that he get a woman for his soul and body, but soon regretted it greatly. polina, a specialist in labor protection and industrial safety of a construction company, lives in moscow, is proud of her noble origin and successful rhinoplasty, dreams of going on maternity leave, admits that due to increased anxiety, they always carry a rubik's cube with them. polina will not be able to build a harmonious relationship with a gynecologist, a pathologist, or an overweight person. the man of her dreams must succeed in his career, love animals, have such a wild imagination as to shock her with a surprise on the program. let's get married. hello, girls, glad to see you. hello, i like an extraordinary girl. if you love, no, it's a tongue. i have there are many options in which situation you can offer a man to find

baden baden podcast, we are talking with bioinformatician and microbiologist dmitry alekseev. here are antibiotics, for example, this is one of these i think, yes, antibiotics, they are able to kill bacterial cells, not acting, as a rule, or acting less on the cells of our own organism. but antibiotics will kill not only the plague bacteria, they will kill the rest, probably. all microbes have adapted to these antibiotics, and the most important thing is that we see that a huge number of our microbes have died, yes, and we do not find them in modern people, we find them only in some wild tribes, yes, and why are they so dear and good to us, what is our benefit, this has always been through evolution, yes, that is, let's imagine a human individual who has made friends with microbes, and an individual who does not made friends, the one who made friends, she made friends yes, an evolutionary advantage, that is, for example, she gets more calories from the same amount of food, this person grows more, but what if the bacteria eats part of the food? in fact, we have an agreement with them, yes, our digestive system, ours in particular is designed so that the first 12 hours in the stomach in the small intestine our enzymes work, and we take from food everything that we can assimilate, the next 12 hours in the large intestine microbes work and... and these microbes, in fact, what we cannot digest and it would come out of us, they begin to digest it and share it with us, yes, that is, how is such an agreement, basically this is just the indigestible part of the cell wall of plants or dietary fiber or cellulose, and what contribution do microbes make to our overall energy balance? up to 20-30% of calories from various plant foods we can additionally get - thanks to microbes. if well there is a problem with modern man, because he does not eat much fiber, but he has food it is quite refined and microbes are unlikely to get it, and if we look at ancient man, there are very vivid examples when people lived in the desert, and there was a period of drought, in mexico in the chivahua desert, people during the drought period ate only cacti, we can determine this by their teeth and fossilized coprolites, and find out: there was nothing else, and there 120 g of fiber, they consumed daily, this fiber was mainly called inulin, we cannot digest inulin, we do not have enzymes, it seems that people survived precisely thanks to microbes that live in the large intestine, and how is it that we have such microbes, and they have others, where does all this come from, when a child is born, he is probably sterile, well almost, yes, we think that he is almost sterile, at least, right? no microbes play any role in his intestines, immediately passing through the birth canal, through vaginal juices and the child is seeded with healthy fermented milk mother. well, in the next 6 months very strong changes will occur in the mucous membranes of our intestines, and so it will be mature up to 3-5 years, here is the task of these first mother's microbes to perform a protective function on the entire surface of the child's mucous membrane, it is interesting to protect from what from pathogens, because the child is a sweet pie. acid, they are very interesting processes, they eat the third largest component of mother's breast milk, called oligosaccharides of breast milk, again a person cannot digest, these are three molecules of sugar and more, a person cannot digest them, all this goes to the microbes, and the microbes produce that very lactic acid, for example, which reduces the level of acidity, well, for example, yes, our blood is 7.4 ph, a healthy vagina is 4.5 a child. and in a jar of cabbage in a small child in with the help of acidity - this is the basic mechanism in kefir by the way, yes, the same thing with fermented milk products, that is, it is not the bacteria themselves that are important , you just need food. this is enough, in this sense, bacteria are this biotechnological engine for creating the first stage of protection, of course, in our intestines, during evolution, our immune system gets used to the fact that there these microbes should live, when she does not see them, she is kind of very surprised and starts to go a little crazy and again worry, turn on the inflammation mode and you say, when the conditional mexicans do not get cactus, yes, yes, yes, yes, like when a child does not have normal microbes, then the immune system begins, that is , a signal that a piece of our good microbe gets in contact with a cell of the immune system, it is also very important, in this way we control that everything is in order in the intestines, what you are talking about, it turns out, well, as i imagine, people lived there, i don’t know, 10,000 years ago, these were very segmented small groups, everyone ate what was around, someone cacti, someone i don’t know. rotten herring or some other slaughtered food, like the iskimos, for example, and so on, each of them had their own private microbes, which they probably got from the same food, it’s not that they got it from their mother, it’s, well, that is, it’s due to the very way of life that some characteristic microbes were generated, which were associated with humans, this is probably called the microbiome, but, but now we live differently, we have a different one, we have almost germ-free food, yes, we have germ-free food once and varied two, but... hundreds it reaches in a year, well, why is this important, after all, in my opinion , prehistoric people lived brightly, but briefly, yes, now we live in a different paradigm, well and... they ate their grasses, and they had some microbes, that is, we should feel sorry for them, about these microbes, this is some kind of lost heritage that could have been it is useful for us, again here statistics come to our aid, which shows that a modern person already, the more diverse the microbiome, that is, the more different microbes, most likely useful ones, live in his intestines, the more he is protected from non-infectious, chronic age -dependent diseases, that is, it seems that such a picture is happening: as we become more urban, more industrial, the number of food sources decreases, the number of different microbes also decreases, at this point this is a bad signal for the immune system, simply because over many millions of years it has become accustomed to the fact that there should be many different microbes, they give it different signals, so in this meager diversity... the immune system switches to inflammation mode, and this inflammation, well, at the moment, as one of the theories of aging, inflamaging, in russian, is aging, yes, this aging, caused by the scarcity of our microbiome, seems to exist, at least in statistics we see it, well , we are called badenary supplements, but there are also probiotics, as i understand it, these are some bacteria that someone said were good, and we can take them, apparently, to increase the diversity of our microbiome, but as far as i understand you, this is a completely pointless thing, because if we do not change our diet accordingly, then those additional bacteria that we took, they simply will not take root, right? they will not take root for many reasons, and for most probiotics we see this story, that a person takes them, they have live, reproduce, stop, in 2-3 months they evaporate, that is, the task of probiotics... at the time of intake is to support our microbes so that they reproduce, at this moment we need to start consuming more food for microbes, yes, that is , fed yourself, feed your population, yes, you are, of course, the king in your state, but you also have an electorate, which also needs to be periodically taken care of. this is a baden badon podcast, we discuss the role of the microb

baden baden podcast is on the air, i am its host, konstantin severinov, and today we will talk about children, about pediatrics, we will talk, our guest is andrei alekseevich stepanov, chief specialist in pediatrics, presidential administration. andrei, hello, hello, konstantin. i would like to talk to you today about a few things. as a father with experience, i had a feeling that what pediatricians say. percent of what we know today will be revised in 10-15 years, we will be told that everything is arranged a little differently, and new generations of parents will religiously follow the recommendations of pediatricians, understanding that they are the opposite of what their parents did, we will probably change our views on some, let's say, drugs, we will change our views on some approaches, but our basic views will still remain unshakable, based on the same concerns the fact that the child should be healthy, and we make every effort to in order to make it so, not to let the disease take over, this is an absolutely unshakable postulate of medicine, well then i understand that medicine exists here now, and this is probably right, yes, and what was before or what will be later, well , let's see, scientists or doctors will tell us, well, you see, even, let's say, back in the middle ages. you won't drive it, that's for sure, especially as it grows, it simply won't fit there, so let's return to this triad, then, so that the child is healthy, after all, probably, this is the most important thing, yes for parents, well and for the child of course too, are there any recommendations, what should be done and what should not be done, should we use common sense, are there any innovations in all this now, regarding common sense, of course there are no innovations. i urge mothers first of all to skip any recommendations, because unfortunately, well, as you understand, to pass through the prism of common sense, i did not finish, because, unfortunately, medical advice is quite strange, and also from the medical environment, starting with the cloakroom attendant at the clinics, everyone has quite a lot of information about it. therefore, of course, common sense first of all, do not use unverified sites and unverified information from the internet, because now in the age of the internet all mothers, when they put their children to bed, immediately start looking for information on the internet, why he does not sleep, why he poops there or, on the contrary, does not poop, well, in general, for a variety of reasons, unfortunately, you can find on the internet, as in the classics, that advice of a cosmic scale cosmic stupidity, here in connection with these same is not written, they say the opposite, yes, it is true, but these tips can lead to disastrous results, often you hear that, for example, a child on breastfeeding may not poop for 10-15 days, i want to say right away that no, this is not so, a child should have a bowel movement every day, especially a newborn several times a day, in connection with this you need to be very careful about the information you receive, and even better consult with a trusted pediatrician who can say that yes, this information can be used by you, but this is in no case, run away from there, but for this you need to trust the doctor, therefore the second piece of advice is to get a doctor you trust, you need to consult with a doctor, not according to some schedule, in this sense it is not even avoidable, if you wanted to definitely yes, they should be decreed, they are decreed terms when the child undergoes a medical examination, that is , is shown to all doctors, when examinations take place, but unfortunately, this is not observed always, so i urge you to show doctors to comply with all the deadlines that were set specifically to show the child to a specialist, if we talk about schedules and the need for regular visits to doctors? there is still a stage in the life of any child when he receives regular vaccinations in accordance with the national schedule. absolutely right, this is a separate topic, unfortunately, today there is still an anti-vaccination movement, i am not even afraid to call it a movement, because many people are united by these strange ideas, but nevertheless , today the state has paid attention to this problem. at least official medicine feels support from the state specifically regarding vaccination, vaccinations are needed, because in the 21st century, it is very stupid and strangely painful to watch the deaths of children or the irreparable damage caused by a disease that could have been prevented, which is related to controlled infections, within the framework of this movement that you... but nevertheless, the idea that vaccinations lead to autism, they were left in the last century, were proven, in fact , sabotage and malice on the part of - there is a british doctor who promoted his ideas and his medicines, and he was deprived of his diploma, from there came the fact that this myth is alive, but i did not invent the myth , it was picked up on the banners, the myth is alive. but in medicine there is such a postulate that not everything that is due to this because of this, that is , it turns out that we, firstly, after the vaccine , can really expect an increase in temperature, there is a local reaction, but nevertheless however, if we are faced with the fact that a child develops cerebral palsy or autism, this is not the root cause, here it could be that... they simply paid attention to the child because of the vaccination and, having diagnosed it, they decided that the child had this disease, but the role of the vaccination in the development of these conditions has not been proven anywhere in the world, i assure you that if at least some connection were found between, say , autism and the vaccine, then insurance companies, especially for... in pediatrics, the department of affairs of the president of the russian federation. autism, isn't it also something that is the pain and fear of many parents, yes, isn't it a disease that has now become more common among children, modern ones? well, firstly, due to the fact that diagnostics have improved, once, criteria have been developed, what we call autism, and here are combined a lot of symptoms. here, of course, this is a separate, like the universe , topic, with this autism you can talk even better with those who are directly involved in this, but from the point of view of a pediatrician, you are the main specialist in pediatrics, of course, it is the specialist here who should be in autism, neurology, and even i think that not every neurologist will undertake to discuss the topic of autism so globally with details, and genetics? we live in the 21st century, many say that the last century was the century of physics, now we live in the century of life sciences, biology, medicine, there are movements when people offer to do tests, genetic tests for their children, based on the information received, make decisions that are related both with health, with the choice of profession, with a variety of things, well, here, probably, there is still a certain commercial background, when everyone indiscriminately begins to do genetic tests, and the most important thing is then not to know what to do with their interpretation. today we have encountered, well, not encountered, but at least came to such a philosophical and medical concept as epigenetics, when a state surrounding a child, both in utero and thousands of days after birth, when the surrounding circumstances impose certain... influence on the genetic material, on the genes themselves, when, of course, unfavorable conditions, in the future lay down, including many diseases that an adult faces, this includes diabetes, high blood pressure, maybe even some mental states , today, of course, the state of a pregnant woman, the state of an unborn child. and a child who has just been born, it is, in fact, the root of all those pathologies that the child will have it later as a grown child, who will turn into an adult in the future, and here is this whole scientific layer, which we still have to raise and raise, but it is very general, it is almost like you yourself said the word philosophical, yes, that this is essentially, that everything affects everything, everything is interconnected. when it is seen, when the doctor detects some deviations, well, god forbid in the development of the child or yes, of course, of course, and the pediatrician on the spot should already determine which narrow specialist should show the child, and already a narrow specialist sends to a geneticist and recommends exactly those genetic tests that he needs to take. okay, you are breaking all the myths and do not leave any hope, you are always saying that you just need to go to the doctor, do it regularly and trust the doctor. i just wanted to ask about another myth, as it seems to me, umbilical cord blood, there is the idea of ​​biobanking, blood storage, stem cells, if god forbid with a child, even when he has already grown up, he has already become, maybe there are no parents anymore, but this is what will help him when replacing some organs, maybe even transplants, well, this is, let's say, a distant future, but nevertheless, there are a number of conditions when it can be used... this is all connected with commercial processes. well, nevertheless, in general, there are a certain number of diseases, including blood diseases, when this preserved blood can be used, but enough diseases that developed later, you don't know. it was conscientiously preserved taken away, it will need to be protected throughout life the current child, that is, he will grow up, then grow old, all this time this emergency reserve is stored somewhere, yes , and moreover, it is paid for accordingly every day of storage, and this is the future, do you think that in 10 years or someday this will be the case for everyone, newborn children, well, i think it will be, if not for everyone, then at least... the indications of the possibility will be broader in this sense and we will certainly be able to use this material again for a greater number of pathologies, returning to that you need to trust the doctor, well, i 'll tell you more than that, of course, you see the difference in the concept of our slavic doctor and the latin doctor, yes, that is , respectively. this is from vrat', but a doctor is from vrat', but vrat' not in the sense of deceiving, misleading, but from the original meaning, that is, when to charm, persuade, including charming pain, therefore, in this sense, when we go to the doctor, first of all, it is important to establish contact with him, so that you trust him, and from the doctor's side, he should to gain your trust, namely by talking. most of the problems, especially with young mothers, are resolved by a conversation between the doctor and the mother, when we answer her questions, even if they seem stupid . mothers don't have stupid questions, they are all smart, there are stupid doctors who refuse to answer them, and you suggest trusting them, that is, here it is besides, as far as i understand, in our country now the doctor provides a medical service, but it is regulated, you probably know better in particular time communication. the president has already said about the educational service that it is no longer there, it is no longer a service, well, so i really want that from now on there will also be no more medical services, and we with the patient do not provide him with services, but treat him, respectively. certainly, but we must learn from our teachers, there is a certain, of course, age-related gap, especially, which falls on those difficult nineties, two thousand years, when, unfortunately, even talented doctors and scientists left various industries, including medicine, but i i hope that today we have already been able to fill it, among other things. and the basis of the soviet pediatric school, it allowed us to go through covid with dignity, and i think that it will also allow us to educate, including young doctors, who will be able to treat patients, not provide medical services, personalized medicine is a very fashionable term, but in my opinion it comes from the west, this is communication with the patient, looking into his eyes. or is it something else? well, apparently what we had always, in the west they suddenly saw the light and decided that medicine should be personalized. we always knew about it and always talked about it, that this is exactly how it should be, that it is the communication between the patient and the doctor that gives a better result than a machine filling in all the cells and making a diagnosis. you are not against instrumental methods of all sorts. high technologies that allow, well, in particular in pediatrics earlier, to more effectively identify certain conditions for which certain measures need to be taken, this cannot it will all end in conspiracies only. definitely not, and i am for a reasonable combination of machine intelligence and the intelligence of a doctor. to what extent is this feasible, do you believe that this, well, in our lifetime, can be put into practice, in general, well, the population has, well, complaints, not complaints, but probably some kind of criticism, in particular about doctors, doctors are people too, they are all different, well, doctors are ordinary people, and i generally believe that... that the percentage of stupid people, unfortunately, in the medical profession is exactly the same as among biologists or chemists or janitors, by and large we are also a cross-section of society, in connection with this all the problems, what to do, ban stupid doctors, gradually come up with methods, let's say, passing certain certifications, well, and wash such out of doctors. it seems to me that we are deviating from pediatrics, but it seems to me that a doctor, as a certain function, well, which checks against some tables, textbooks , etc., makes a decision based on objective indicators, this is just a way to fight a fool, well, because you you bring out the personal part, and probably the best doctors cannot show everything that they could, but those who are fools, probably more, but they will work at least at the level, in this sense... you provide the same quality, you are absolutely right, for this purpose there are certain standards for diseases, and this is even called protection from the genius of the doctor, yes, because genius can also harm, absolutely, therefore certain standards were invented for everyone, they proved that this is necessary, they wrote research institutes, these standards that everyone is required to comply with, we started with that... change, but nevertheless, they change based on experience, based on new discoveries, that is, they change not because some brilliant doctor thought that everything was being done wrong. this is the badenstantin severinov. today we are talking about pediatrics and we are discussing this very important topic with andrei alekseevich stepanov, the chief specialist in pediatrics. and the presidential administration russian federation. i see several useful lessons, it seems to me, that is , you need to get vaccinated, yes. and genetic tests are not necessary yet, because you will not find anything. but if according to the doctor's indications, then apparently it is still necessary and can be useful. and i apologize, i will interrupt, in the maternity hospital they take certain screenings, that is, they take blood on a special test paper, send it to a special center, where they perform , among other things, a genetic analysis for the maximum amount and this is just a medical service, you don't look anyone in the eye, they just give you some table, yes, but nevertheless, in general, this is done for everyone here, it's like any screening, yes, you understand, that is , when the coverage is ma

baden baden podcast, and i am its host, konstantin severinov. today we are talking about pediatrics, and discussing this very important topic with andrey alekseevich stepanov, the chief specialist in pediatrics, the presidential executive office of the russian federation. i see several that are useful to me. and cord blood rather yes, if possible, and maybe it would even be worth expanding someday, well, in the end, yes, well, and thus we ensured - that our children will be healthy, as far as possible, smart, is there some golden key, we all want children to be smart, talented, well, first of all, here too genetics comes first, which is not worth doing, which cannot be done, unfortunately or fortunately, we cannot interfere in this process... on a global level, in particular, intellectual abilities, the original ones, they are given to us, but of course, it is in our power to improve something, develop it, which will have a positive effect on intellectual abilities, it's like a talent, yes, which can be buried in the ground, and which can be allowed to grow, well, here are the kids, when if we are talking about very small children, it is still too early for them to play tennis or do something like that, there is kind of an incomprehensible way... cannon fire, he will not wake up, because this structure will cut off all the excessive impulses, and the child is simply programmed with a small number of stimuli that are close to him are important, here. accordingly, the source of milk, by and large, everything develops in the child as on the mother's chest in order to achieve, it should not speed up, well, unfortunately, slow down, if some disease has occurred, it is possible, but it is precisely to force and so that, like the hero in the fairy tale, in a year he went through all the stages and became 30, so ilya muromets 33 years old, on the contrary, he was lying on phx. well yes, but there are those who did not have time to be born immediately the next year they went to get married, there are also a lot of such fairy tales, so here it all coincides, the motor abilities of the child, for example, when he begins to crawl, it is at this moment that he begins to be afraid and distinguish strangers, because before he began to crawl, there was no point in being afraid, because it is impossible to run away anyway, so everything is physiologically justified. well, if everything is wonderful in this best of all possible worlds, then nothing needs to be done, that is, it really is by itself, well, by evolution, by nature, by anyone , laid down so that we all go through a common path of development, but the results are still different, because different people get, you see, specially theatrical performances, maybe there is no meaning and no, you need to communicate with the child, you need to talk to the child, you need to put on really right music for the child, classical music is beneficial. actually, the sound analyzer, it is more ancient than the visual one, i think all young mothers will agree with me that - if , for example, a child is exposed to some monotonous noise, low-frequency, there is an exhaust fan, a vacuum cleaner, turn on the water, maybe the father's voice, by the way, there have also been studies that a male voice has a more positive effect on a newborn child calming actions, that is, low tones. but nevertheless, if we are talking about the noise of a waterfall, the so-called white noise, yes, all mothers know about this concept, so, in this way the child hears sounds through the abdominal wall, through the wall of the uterus, when it is in the womb, such a monotonous hum, this also calms it down, that is, in fact, all those techniques that are associated with calming the child, they are aimed at returning the inside inside the womb, simply that is, there is a repertoire. now if we move on to practical advice, that is, there is what you need to listen to and what you don’t need, i’m afraid that there is a repertoire, it can be found on the internet, just what we started with, when you said that there are too many sites with different information, there are probably recipes right yes, what you need to listen to, of course, well, you can combine that you need to listen to classical music, modern, well, personally, i wouldn’t put it on for my children when they were little and i have a granddaughter, so i tried not to put it on for her with... the brain is more, at least, well, it continues develop, it continues to develop throughout life, but at least at that rebellious stage, perhaps it is just normal, to then return to the classical repertoire at a more mature age, and to torment your children, well, in this case, and here, here the pediatric recommendations will change, we will all be in such sync, yes, yes, yes, great, thank you very much, i we obviously that the topic is very big, it suddenly occurred to me that another very important thing is actually artificial feeding, but i'm afraid, we we can't talk about it now, when you were talking, it's very interesting about the fact that the child focuses on the mother, that in his first months he lives in order to , well, to receive milk from the mother, but when we transfer him to artificial feeding, it turns out to be a completely different story, but you're right, konstantin, because any branch of pediatrics... it's like a separate universe, we can talk about this for a very long time, and if you come up with some kind of series of programs there about certain - subsections, i think that you and i will be able to highlight, if you see in this, it seems to me that this is precisely the mission, yes, because after all, information from the car, if you need doctors who can be trusted, then you need to see these doctors and talk to them and hear them, yes, otherwise you will listen to something else, because a holy place is never empty, yes absolutely. it would be wonderful, thank you very much, thank you, this is the badencast, today we talked about pediatrics with andrei alekseevich stepanov, chief specialist in pediatrics of the presidential executive office of the russian federation. hello, dear friends, the anekdoty podcast is on the air, i am vadim goliggin, and today i have two completely different people as guests, but we certainly have something in common, this is of course our kvn past, but now i will talk about you as actors, okay, mikhail bashkatov and renat mukhambaev, i suggest that today we talk, friends, about friendship, in a broad sense, of course, we will touch on some. maybe serious moments, yes, but first of all these are stories, of course, jokes, and so that this, let's say, gives joy, our positive communication touches the souls of the audience and makes them a little more cheerful, well , let's start with misha, you and i have done so many things, and i know, i am very glad that you, let's say, went into this acting... side, yes, of course, that is, you already have a large numbe

then our kislovodsk was given the name "russian baden baden". anton pavlych, while in kislovodsk, quite ironically described to his friends in letters the ways and habits of the inhabitants of this, as he put it, a provincial town with a capital gloss. but they needed it. he rested his soul here, my brain flaps its wings, i don’t know where to fly, - he wrote in one of his letters. here the writer was born many plot ideas. here , researchers of chekhov’s work believe that the idea for the story of the lady with the dog was born in kislovodsk, because during his stay here , a mysterious note appeared in one of his diaries: a lady with a pug. true, in the end the action was transferred to yalta, and the pug turned into a white spies, well, that’s it exactly like this. there were cossacks and russian soldiers living in this fortress. the fortress appeared in june 1803. free people-cossacks came to these places from all over russia to defend the borders. gradually , a ring of fortifications appeared in the north caucasus, consisting of such fortress

bourgeois-aristocratic elite resort, in its prestige it could be compared with karlovy vary and baden-baden, well , perhaps. it was not located in europe, but in the caucasus, and although kislovodsk is generally multinational, and its residents joke that when they leave the city, they are all considered one nation, kislovodsk residents, but nevertheless, the caucasian flavor is felt here in absolutely everything, in the faces of local residents, kislovodsk residents cannot be confused with resort guests, and gastronomy, here, of course, caucasian prevails kitchen. come in, dear, what shashlik, what a bar... learning his skills from early childhood, these boys dance like real men, passionately selflessly, not dancing, but fire. by the way, the ensemble is international, as are the rhythms and composition they perform. in their productions , the guys use a mix of ossetian, georgian. 3-4 years, the team is already more than 20 years old, all classes and rehearsals are held in armenian, because the main task that the permanent director of the ensemble alla rafaelovna sets for herself is the re

baden podcast baden, i am its host konstantin severinov, and today we are discussing vaccination, that is , you have 30, well, let's assume that there are 30, well, let's say, 30 pathogens that are, well, representatives of some large group of related viruses, not related, well, no, each of them is, a representative, and you for each, and you for each of these, for each of these groups more or less. you understand what needs to be done, just as in the case of coronaviruses, yes, one of which is 2, in this sense you are ready, for most known viruses, of course, are ready, yes, but not for everyone, moreover, when you say, here comes a new virus, we were lucky with covid, we knew what to take and what to insert, plus you understand that the mobilization of the resources of the entire country allows this to be done, there it is faster not in the sense that nine women cannot give birth to a child in a month. in this sense, but when you have the entire regulatory system built, government decrees 441 and so on, production resources are mobilized, this is one of the things that helped you, it is directly it was like a military mobilization, of course, the government and the president, not because i want to say good words to the government or the president, you just need to give credit, played a key role, without them, well, how could such a large-scale project be implemented surprisingly, that is, you and you are a hero of russia or not, no, no, but still. surprisingly, yes, because in japan no vaccine was created, where there is also a very large pharmaceutical pharma, it seems to me, they had great hope for the developments of other pharmaceutical giants, which they quickly declared, that's where it was very important, who would say it first, those who declared it first, in fact, that's what happened, remember , i don't know the order there, hundreds of vaccine candidates appeared after, but everything that appeared after, despite the fact that it worked, never took off again. that is, it was necessary to have an expensive spoon for dinner, that is, it was necessary to work very quickly, to work ahead of the curve, and this immediately channeled the attention of society, the attention, respectively, of governments, the attention there, well, in general, everything was focused namely on these developments, so it seems to me that this is more related to this, and the fact that in our country, in fact , infectious pathology has never been forgotten, well, we went through different periods, also the nineties, when everything was not in the most. recent years in the country , i will repeat once again that investments in this area were absolutely sufficient and significant, this area was definitely not forgotten, when i say that we were developing a vaccine against mers, and before that we participated in the fight against the ebola epidemic, this is participation directly in our country, and we made a vaccine then, so in fact the attention never went anywhere, well definitely from the beginning of the 2000s and here... well especially considering that we continue to have and have a school and creation of vaccines, the fact that in general the level of sentiment against the vaccine is so high in society, this is of course a bit of a scandalous situation, but after all, as you said, that it always happens, well , there is a rumor there was a case with measles, which is this is this is this is right now an anti-vaccine yes anti-vaxxers, of course, and measles - is it some kind of new vaccine? the only thing people don't understand is that measles is much more contagious, that is, if there is a coefficient yes the coefficient there is r0, yes, that is, which is calculated for covid there is 2 and a half, well when 3 and a half, that is, there is a certain range, the spread of this coefficient, that is , one person can infect there 2.5 - measles 12 18 '. if you come into contact with someone infected with measles, then you will be infected in 95% of cases, but those of us who are vaccinated, they turn out to be resistant for life, this is what's the situation? yes, with measles there's a big positive in this, measles is exactly 12:18 due to the fact that it is very contagious, it is provided precisely due to a different reception, that is, there really is a very... lock, therefore all virus-neutralizing antibodies that block this high-fidelity interaction like a key to the interaction are really there, well, inactivating, that is, there you can induce immunity for life, because the interface as an antibody with an antigen is so rigid with high affinity, but with covid it is not so, with covid absolutely, in the case of measles, which is now rumored more than covid, that is, the fact that there is an outbreak, is it because the measles virus has become different or because the vaccines do not work why is all this happening at all? no, initially, it is because people did not have sufficient coverage, that is , in order to block the spread of measles in the population, it was necessary to maintain 90%, there was a whole bunch of very... outbreaks of measles are happening now in ukraine and in other countries, it appears, well, either the government pays less attention, or, accordingly , the population begins to cheat, this favorite story that i did not vaccinate my child and he did not get sick, you understand that i did not vaccinate, he did not get sick due to other children, other children were vaccinated, you provided a ninety percent immune layer, then you ... in such a situation there is no place for the spread of measles, now measles is on the national schedule, right? of course, it always was, this means that it is in some sense inevitable, or or the fact, that something is on the national calendar does not mean that the child needs to be vaccinated? if he does not have a medical exemption, he must be vaccinated against measles. therefore , everything that is included in the national vaccination calendar is mandatory vaccinations, that is , i must do it, but i can not do it. yes, this is exactly what led to that situation with measles. and of course, as soon as you have a window of opportunity for the virus, imagine, you set purely evolutionary space for it, mutations naturally occur, then how did this happen, for example with covid, it's very clear, well yes, it was all there, but it could be the same with measles, that is, in fact, if measles is widely represented due to circulation, variants that will bypass the vaccine in everyone else, of course, that will be terrible, well, in my opinion, of course, therefore there is some data that... it is not necessary, there are schemes, in fact, they are more likely associated with age, not with a change in the quality of the drug, that is, well, for example, you were vaccinated with a polysaccharide vaccine, yes, that is, which was the original, then conjugated ones appeared. you have reached a certain age, for example, sixty-five years old, any doctor you use will recommend, let's boost, you will be boosted with an already improved drug, naturally , well, so that you can re-vaccinate on top of the old one, rather, this is not the case, this happens with the flu, yes, for example, we all know that it will be very necessary to make a separate podcast about the flu, because this is an endless topic, immunity acquired as a result diseases or as a result of vaccination, these are generally comparable things, in the case of covid it was very active, because it was also discussed that i had already fallen ill, why should i, for example, get vaccinated, of course there is a difference, the difference, i think, is primarily in the cellular link of immunity, and simply much more ... when you have a clean slate and you get sick initially, that is, it's not even a question, no, having recovered then about the vaccine then makes sense, or then in essence you were vaccinated, when you you get sick, you get vaccinated. on the contrary, we studied the antibody type, that is , the maturation of antibodies, which occurs throughout life, there, two-three-fold contact certainly forms a much more reliable immune memory, that is , absolutely incomparable affidity, the strength of interaction, that is, there is actually similar to boosting, the levels in argentina were actually a very good study, they are unprincipled people there, they introduced absolutely all the vaccines, they needed... this and separately it was shown that all those who have recovered, well, who had contact with whom at the beginning or after, if they were vaccinated, they also have the maximum response levels, and we, for our part, have studied this from the point of view of visibility, that is , how much the antibodies that formed after 180 days, when you have two contacts or one contact, differ in how much they provide virus neutralization, much higher, if several they recognize the virus better and thereby better protect you from infection, that is, dry. the rest is that returning to those blessed soviet times, which many people talk about, i think there were special posters, yes, which called for vaccination, there was a cartoon about benemot, who was afraid of vaccinations and then turned yellow, that is, it seems that everything remained as it was, and it is really better to get vaccinated, it is imperative to get vaccinated, and today we have already started talking about safety, probabilities, that is, any vaccine preparation is not a vitamin, yes, there are... they are all connected with immunity, immunity is a very serious thing and sometimes sometimes in one case in a million it makes mistakes and starts doing things that are not very good in general, but this is really a very big rarity, that is, if we take the additional cost of the vaccination program, then approximately one case in a million is added there of some complications. to those cases that are normal in the population, for example, normally in the population there are from two to 20 cases per million, plus one, if you are conducting a mass vaccination program, then what is there statistically, this is indeed a very small increase, it is connected with the action of immunity, but if we look at the mortality rate from the same covid, it is one case per 100, and in a good way, if we also count covid-associated deaths, then it is two cases per hundred, that is, you get four orders of magnitude difference, if we sit down to play this game. purely mathematically, you will never win me, i will have four orders of magnitude, the probability of advantage over any of your combinations, so they ask, to vaccinate, not to vaccinate, but if you've studied math at all, four orders of magnitude is a big difference of 10,000 times. this was the baden baden podcast, we talked with the deputy director of the gomaleya institute, academician and one of the main developers of the russian sputnik vaccine denis lagunov about vaccines, the development of new vaccines. about whether it is worth getting vaccinated and what side effects there are from vaccines, they happen, what is the beneficial effect of the vaccine, how many lives they save. you can find all the episodes of the badden baden podcast on the website of the first channel. the team, because i think that a man should not talk about this topic, it is very delicate, yes, we will talk today about adultery, after all, the basis of the novel is adultery, so i think that it will be appropriate to talk about, let's say, the modern context of this situation with women, yes, we are all married or were married, we have children, we are, so to speak, adults, experienced women, we already have some kind of... formed point of view on this novel, well, let me first mention that the novel ann

this is the baden baden podcast and i am its host konstantin severinov, today we are talking about pediatrics this very important topic with andrey alekseevich stepanov, chief specialist in pediatrics, the presidential administration of the russian federation. autism, after all, is also something that is the pain and fear of many parents, right? is this a disease that has now become more common among modern children? well, firstly , due to the fact that diagnostics have improved, once, criteria have been developed, what we call autism, and here a lot of symptoms are combined, this is the case when there are no healthy ones, there are undiagnosed ones, well, in general yes, in general yes, if earlier it could be called schizotypal diathesis or something else, today... everything is related to autism and accordingly treatment is carried out in this vein, but i don't think that it has become more, i think that it has simply been classified, and they have learned to isolate it from other conditions, that is why it has developed in such quantities, something can be done about it, this is something

this is the podcast baden baden, i am its host konstantin severinov, and today we are discussing vaccinatione 30, well, let's assume that there are 30, well, let's say, 30 pathogens that are, well, representatives of some large group of related viruses, not related, well, no, each of them is. yes, yes, according to the phyllo of the virus, for each of these, for each of these groups, you more or less understand what needs to be done, just as in the case of the coronavirus. after all, we as a country are quite far behind, well, in the field of biomedical research we are certainly lagging behind in some surprising way in the country they managed to make a working good vaccine that saved hundreds of thousands of lives, and you see, for example , in france where there are companies that have created no vaccine for igpharma , it’s hard for me to explain this, in japan there was no vaccine created either. a very large pharmacological pharma, it seems to me that they had great hope for the development of other pharmaceutical giants, who quickly announced, it was very important who was the first to

thank you, this is the baden baden podcast, today we talked about pediatrics with andrey alekseevichpanov, the chief specialist in pediatrics of the presidential executive office of the russian federation. hello, you are watching precious stories. my name is ekaterina varkan, i am a guest today we have natalia polenova, the great-granddaughter of the great russian artist vasily dmitrovich polenov, director of the polenov museum-reserve. and today we will talk about this wonderful place, i can’t even imagine how we can fit all this immensity into such a small amount of time that we have allotted today in our podcast, this is how it all began, my favorite story, natasha, do you know? how vasily dmitrovich polenov and his friend and student konstantin korovin rode a boat along the oka, being in a cheerful, happy, witty mood and sailed past the hill. and polenov liked the hill so much that he said that he would like to build a manor here and live, so to speak, in old age to admire the surroundings, initially, that's the most important thing that vasil dmitovich actually invested in this

baden baden podcast, we are talking with bioinformatician and microbiologist dmitry alekseev, antibiotics, for example, are one of these measures, antibiotics. antibiotics little by little the dose of these antibiotics grew, they say that the first penicillin should be given in a hundredfold dose to kill a modern pathogen, that is, in 100 years all microbes have adapted to these antibiotics, and the most important thing is that we see that a huge number of our microbes have died, and we do not find them in modern people, we find them only in some wild tribes, yes, and why are they so dear and good to us, what do we have? the benefit has always been through evolution, yes, that is , let's imagine a human individual who has made friends with microbes and an individual who has not made friends, the one who has made friends, yes, yes, receives an evolutionary advantage, that is, for example, from the same amount of food, this person gets more for himself calories, grows more, and what if the bacteria eats part of the food, in fact, we have an agreement with them, yes, our digestive system, ours in particular, is designed so that the first... 12 hours in the stomach, in the small intestine, our enzymes work, and we take from the food everything that we can digest, the next 12 hours in the large intestine , microbes work, and these microbes, actually what we cannot digest and it would come out of us, they begin to digest it and share with us, yes, that is, as such an agreement, basically this is just indigestible part of the plant cell wall or dietary fiber or cellulose, and what contribution? here our general energy balance is contributed by microbes up to 20-30% of calories from various plant foods we can additionally get thanks to microbes, if well there are problems with modern man, because he does not eat much fiber, yes, his food is quite refined and there microbes most likely do not get it, and if we look at ancient man, there are very bright examples, when people lived in the desert and... there was a period of drought, in mexico in the chivahua desert and people during the drought period ate only cacti, we can determine this by their teeth and fossilized coprolites, and it turns out: there was nothing else, and they consumed 120 g of fiber daily, this fiber was mainly called inulin, we cannot digest inulin, we do not have enzymes , it seems that people survived precisely thanks to the microbes that live in the large intestine, and how, that is, why do we have such microbes, and they have others, where does all this come from? when a child is born, he is probably sterile, well almost, yes, we think that almost sterile, at least, right? no microbes play any role in his intestines, immediately passing through the birth canal, through vaginal juices and the child is seeded with healthy fermented milk raspberry microflora yes on the skin and then swallows and then the goal, since we are born underdeveloped and the immune system will mature well the next 6 months, very strong changes will occur in the mucous membranes of our intestines, and so it will mature until 3-5 years. that is the task of these first mother's microbes perform a protective function on the entire surface of the child's mucous membrane, protection from what from pathogens, because a child is a sweet pie for all the microbes in the world, bad microbes fly around us, which only dream of, and the number of children's inflammatory, intestinal there necrotizing colitis, colic and so on, this is exactly when children scream terribly. first of all , one of their main defense mechanisms is acidity, they secrete acid, they are very interesting processes, they eat the third the amount of a component of mother's breast milk, called breast milk oligosaccharides, again a person cannot digest, these are three molecules of sugar or more, a person cannot digest them, all this goes to microbes. and microbes produce that same lactic acid, for example, which reduces the level of acidity, well, for example, yes, our blood is 7.4 ph, a healthy vagina is 4.5, a small child, well, probably, the ph should be five or six, in this wheat, that is, with such increased acidity, pathogens, that is, bad microbes do not multiply, yes, it is difficult for them, yes, it's like that, that is, the good ones like it sour, the bad ones like it to be honest. the same lactic acid microbes create an acidic environment around this cabbage , it doesn't spoil, that is, it doesn't settle in it , it doesn't settle, the one who can eat it , the one who can eat it, yes, it's safe for us to eat it throughout the winter, that's how our ancestors survived, actually, when they didn't have enough food in the winter, they prepared it, fermented it in the fall, well, that's it... protection with the help of acidity is basic mechanism and in a jar of cabbage, in a small child, in kefir, by the way, yes, the same thing, fermented milk products, that is, it is not the bacteria themselves that are important, you just need the food to be sour, that is enough, in this sense, bacteria are this biotechnological engine for creating the first stage of protection, of course, in our intestines, during evolution, our immune system gets used to the fact that these microbes should live there, when it ... does not see, it is kind of very surprised and begins to go a little crazy and again worry, turn on the mode inflammation, you say, when the conditional mexicans do not get cacti, they have the same someone when a child does not have normal microbes, then the immune system begins, that is, a signal that a piece of our good microbe gets into contact with a cell of the immune system, it is also very important, in this way we control what gets into the intestines... it gets there in a year, but why is this important, after all, in my opinion, prehistoric people lived brightly, but briefly, yes, now we live in a different paradigm, well, and they ate their herbs, and they had some microbes, that is, we should feel sorry for them about these microbes, this is some kind of lost heritage that could have been useful to us, again here statistics come to our aid, which shows that a modern person has a more diverse... microbiome, that is, the more different microbes, most likely, useful ones, live in his intestines, the more he is protected from non-infectious, chronic age-related diseases, that is, it seems that such a picture is happening, as we become more urban, more industrial, the number of food sources decreases, the number of different microbes also decreases, at this point this is a bad signal for the immune... well, at the moment, as one of the theories of aging, inflamaging in russian is aging, yes, this kind of aging, caused by the scarcity of our microbiome, it seems that there is a... at least in statistics we see this, well, we are called bad from dietary supplements, but there are also probiotics, as i understand it, these are some bacteria that someone said, that they are good, and we can take them, well, apparently to increase the diversity of our microbiome, but as far as i understand , this is a completely pointless thing, because if we do not change our diet accordingly, then those additional bacteria that we took, they simply will not take root, but they will not take root. for many reasons, and for most probiotics we see this story, that a person takes them, they live in him, multiply, stops, in 2-3 months they evaporate, that is, the task of probiotics at the time of taking support our microbes so that they multiply, at this point we need to start eating more food for microbes, yes, that is, fed yourself, feed your population, yes, of course, you are the king of your state, but you ... also have an electorate, which you also need to take care of from time to time. this is the badenadon podcast, we discuss the role of the microbiome in human health. at the moment of our nutrition there should be a sufficient amount of indigestible roughage, dietary fiber, cellulose and so on. probiotics are interesting, because most of the microbes that are used for probiotics, they are taken from some, they are also... exclusively healthy people, yes, that is, everyone got diarrhea, but this person did not, let's see what he has in his microbiome that opposes it, so to understand the procedure, it should not be the most pleasant, feces are taken, apparently from this person, if i understand correctly, this feces are removed, well, in laboratory conditions, loops of microbes are cultured on plates, and then this microbe is declared useful, tested in huge huge quantities at the factory and then offered to us in tablets yes. yes, in tablets, in liquids and so on and so forth. a very interesting, or instructive story, it's about one of the microbes in mother's milk, there was such a

hello, this is the baden baden podcast, and i am its host konstantin severinov.c diseases, oncology, especially about genetic diseases of children. our guest is mikhail mashchan, doctor of medical sciences, professor, director institute of experimental and molecular medicine, dima rogachev children's hematology center. hello, mikhail. hello, konstantin. we have statistics, they are as follows. every year in russia , approximately 3,500, from 3,500 to 4,000 patients fall ill with oncological diseases. keep in mind that hematological and children's are all tumors, these are all tumors, all pediatric oncology is 3,500 patients, 3,700, to be precise, but our area of ​​interest also includes patients with hereditary blood diseases and hereditary diseases of the immune system, what is called hereditary immunodeficiencies, yes, these are diseases in which the immune system stops working as a result of some kind of breakdown - at the level of the genome, yes, a breakdown, most often inherited, that is, in total, the number of patients annually who, well, are included, or

baden-baden, was in karlovy vary, was even in bordiyevsk. fonts, the waters do not help me, doctor, you are my last hope, your nasal septum is slightly crooked, but it can't cause much inconvenience, doctor, i'm not mistaken about you, it's the damned nasal septum, all my relatives died from a deviated septum. "you see, science knows of no cases of death from a deviated septum, and yet my grandmother died from this disease, doctor, you can't refuse me, you have to save my life, your life is out of any danger, you're just too..." emotional, as i understand correctly, if the septum is deviated, it needs to be straightened. my husband told me not to spare any expense for my health. i had to make this sacrifice for the sake of successfully completing the task. i admit to you, this is a rather rare case in my medical practice. well, let's see, mouth , open, wider, very good, it will hurt a little, be patient, that's it, after the operation i suffered from unbearable pain for several days, it seemed that all my brains were gouged out because of my head, but, considering my postoperative... the germans generously extended my visa, everything went well, everything is great, bed rest, at least a week three, i stayed in germany, completed the task and only then returned to moscow, so what about the syrup, please? you are the last, not the last, i am the last, your change, next, please, what do you want double syrup, please, 20 kopecks from you? take it, you , citizen, me too, please, syrup, 20 kopecks from you. forgive me, citizen. i don't have change, look for some change, and i don't have any change either, comrades, no one will change 5 rubles, young man, excuse me, please, you won't change 5 rubles, i can't change them, i can put it on hold, well thank you, thank you, please, next, tell me how i can repay you, what are you, what's your name, for... but you will have such an opportunity, only later, magamaev, today on the first, in the new season on the first, great neighbor, you're moving in, great, neighbor, we're moving in, and you don't remember how... this hole of ours is called, they say, you've gone too far with your neighbor, listen, remember, you taught me about the village, morality, this evil wisdom, and where is it all, where, if my neighbor is climbing on my wife, brazenly, stupidly climbing on my wife, and what should i do, i can't live without you, the premiere, on monday on the first, the neighbors have become somewhat unfriendly, they refused the bathhouse, i'm disgusted, or what, there's no point in imposing myself on them, they don't want to, no need, it's good to relax next to you, whatever you want, will you allow me to relax next to you, please, sit down, but i prefer solitude, why did you mix up the password? i didn't mix it up, i just saw a pretty woman. i decided to joke, found a place and time for jokes, everything is complicated here, but it seems to me that this is not the whole amount, as not everything, here is everything we got from the center, here is not the whole amount, 20 kopecks are missing. what other twenty kopecks for a soda in moscow, only then did i remember that fleeting meeting in moscow almost 3 years ago, i can borrow, well thank you, i don’t have twenty kopecks again, 20 finnish penalties will do, no, it won’t do, you will remain my debtor, let’s get acquainted, i am boris rybkin, your wife, zoya voskresenskaya, with boris rybkin, aka boris yartsev, i had to work quite often, our relationship became more and more day by day strained, it was especially difficult because in some operations i had to play the role of his wife, at 12:20 andrey will be standing. near the turnoff to wammierve, you stop the car, i'll get out and check if there 's a tail, we take andrey into the car, i get behind the wheel, and we go to a picnic, you've repeated this for the fifth time, in your opinion, i'm a complete idiot, and look at the road, and in general you have a disgusting , repulsive character, i have, and you, you give the impression of an extremely frivolous person. i'm constantly it seems that you are about to fail the operation, nevertheless, you pick on me over every little thing, yes, because you, i, the snow queen, and do not forget, my dear wife, to call me informally, priandrea, and to look at me tenderly, yeah, you won’t get it, this is an order, i asked the center to recall me, we with... won’t work together, what a coincidence, i also sent a request to transfer you to another place. inform moscow, arrived without incident stayed with pavlo. pavlo is convinced that i am a representative of the ukrainian anti-soviet underground. what is the task? infiltration into the aun under the sight of a liaison officer on the other side, forgive me for chewing all the time, your diplomats are well fed, and our ukrainian nationalists are hungry, i will feed you at meetings, by the way, a blister of excellent swiss chocolate, yeah, on the condition that after it you eat a clove of garlic, garlic, garlic, garlic, a half-beggar from aun cannot... smell like expensive swiss chocolate, well , i can't smell like garlic in the presence of such a beautiful woman, and you too, i'm not a woman, i'm the deputy resident, eat and don't object, well boris, at first i was envious, i snatched some beauty, and now i can imagine what kind of terror you have at home, that 's how i suffer. nadya, come in, what are you allowing yourself to do, excuse me, get dressed faster, by god, no one is looking at you... you can turn around, andrey is urgently calling you for a meeting. what happened? tell the center that by order of the uun leadership, i am returning to ukraine, i will continue my illegal activities there in the underground, the new orientation is to be friends with the germans. the ukrainians really hope for them, they dream of how in the event war, they will end up under the fascists, yes, in case of war we will get our fill from the ukrainians, i hope that before the war we will sort out the sauna, i personally do everything for this, as you go across the border, across the finnish-soviet border i will be led by a colonel of the pitlyurovsky army, roman sushko. sushko, sushko, a specialist in sabotage and terrorism? yes, yes, yes, he is the most professional to kill himself. i suspect that he has the task of eliminating me. you are going without a weapon. naturally, the liaison is not supposed to. but if... "if he kills me with a dryer, then i will be exposed, our operation failed, we think we lost the game with ukrainian nationalists , it will take a lot of time to introduce a new person into aun, why are you looking at me like that, don't bury me ahead of time, where is my chocolate with garlic, yes, well , to spoil all the fun, of course, pavel, i want you to remember that you are only 31 years old, here is your chocolate, as if you are older. women mature earlier, andrey disappeared while crossing the border, a week passed in anxious anticipation, i was sure that sushko killed andrey after all, suddenly rybkin made an appointment with me, and for some reason again in the park. i have good news, everything is fine, andrey is alive, he was detained at the border, he is in a finnish prison, now all measures are being taken to free him. what do you allow yourself, comrade? and what do i allow myself? let's explain? let's explain. has something been bothering you lately? yes, it has. i am not indifferent to a woman who does not pay any attention to me. and who is she? and you , as an experienced intelligence officer, are here, link, i ask for your hand in marriage, and what will they say at the center? and what does the center have to do with it? you are a resident, and i am your deputy, the center is not encouraged. at the end of 1936, boris and i became husband and wife. the task is simple, practically courier, you go to... check into a hotel, give anton's group six passports and codes, everything , everything to call anton, go to the dentist at the address karl gustavson 352, password, i need to make six gold crowns on my front teeth, i hope i won't have to put crowns on healthy teeth, no, the doctor will answer, i'm very busy, it's better to do this there. will name the place and time of your meeting with our resident anton, be careful, it has become very dangerous to work in norway, the gestapo has created a fifth column there, i was the one who received the assignment to go to norway, since i had the perfect cover, the official representative of the tourist. i stayed in a small hotel in the very center of oslu. this is hers, yes, she rents. knock on her door. gentlemen, i ask you, try not to attract the attention of the residents. i have a reputation, you understand. knock on it. okay, okay, but please be more polite. who there? hotel manager. open up, please. excuse me, i'm not dressed. it's okay, it's okay. we'll wait outside the door. according to the instructions , in case of danger, i should put the code, cut the passports into small pieces and flush them down the toilet. but that's according to the instructions. and i decided to take a risk. like once. a visa in germany played out a whole theatrical performance, madam, we're waiting, gentlemen, how can i help you? good afternoon, madam, may i come in? for some reason? i've never seen anyone barge in like that without an invitation in any hotel in the world to the client's room? is this rudeness? come into the room, we will ask you just a few questions. that is, you offer me, a lonely lady, to stay alone with you in the room, mr. director, you know that i am the owner of intouristo in finland, so in our hotels we treat clients with respect, let it be known to you, why do you allow such rude attitude towards your clients, they just want to ask you a few questions, i do not want to talk to strange men, i am leaving immediately, in your hotel. department that supervised our work in moscow, i was soon appointed chief of intelligence in germany. i regularly passed this information up, but apparently, they considered this intelligence disinformation. in mid-may 1941, i was unexpectedly summoned by the head of the main counterintelligence department, commissar fedotov. germany. no, a group of soloists from the berlin opera ballet. the german ambassador schulenburg is giving a reception in their honor. the stars of our ballet have been invited to the reception. you will be among those invited. in what capacity, as a representative all-union society of cultural relations, here is your invitation, but there may be diplomats there who know me as yartseva, from work in finland, then we will warn you that rybkina is ill, yartseva will be in her place. sewn with white thread, is there really no one else to send? zoya ivanovna, who better than you, the heads of the german foreign intelligence department, can analyze the situation? no one, of course, if the head of the german foreign intelligence department manages to stop by the hairdresser and change into an evening dress, may i go? go! as soon as i i approached ambassador schulenburg, and the military attaché, general kestling, appeared next to us. i knew that he was the head of german intelligence in moscow. it seemed that he also knew who i was. what do you think, mr. ambassador, could the stars of the berlin opera take part in a joint production of an opera at the bolshoi theatre? it is not a bad idea, but i am afraid that it has not yet been implemented. mr. ambassador, mrs. rybkina, an employee of soviet intelligence, please ask them to play the waltz. this is, of course, the unsublime philosophy of the magic flute. with the artists of the bolshoi theatre, yes, this happens once in a lifetime, during the waltz the count unexpectedly led me past a half-open door, behind which i saw a pile of suitcases and a stack of paintings, amazingly, but literally a minute later this beast was closed again, are you getting ready to leave count, no, no, but... however, anything can happen, you are a sad count today, next to such a beauty as you, it is impossible to be sad, thank you, thank you, very nice, thank you, count, and goodbye, goodbye, i hope we are not saying goodbye, please, i ask, yes, i ask. mr. ambassador, i remind you once again that ms. rybkina is a soviet intelligence officer, what are you saying, a real russian beauty, it's a pity, i'm very sorry, it 's a pity, mr. schulenburg, it's a pity that this was our first, and most likely last dance, this action with the berlin ballet is clearly organized as a distraction, it looks like the german embassy is preparing for evacuation, in one of the rooms suitcases are already packed and there are stacks of paintings, schulenburg danced with me specifically so as to show me all this, he probably knew who i was, that is, by... in fact, he himself gave us this information. yes. count von schulenburg perceived germany's attack on the soviet union as a personal tragedy. later, he even took part in an unsuccessful assassination attempt on hitler and was sentenced to death in 1945. but all this was later. and then, in mid-may of 1941, i was working on an analytical note that was supposed to go up to stalin himself. this analytical note was quite voluminous, but the summary is short and clear. we are on the brink of war with germany. zoe, maybe maybe, after all, you are over-traumatizing the situation. i was forming an analytical report from all the data coming to my department. and if this is disinformation, specially fabricated and distributed by germany to provoke us into a conflict. no, not dze. i feel it. hitler is ready for war. and it is about to start. stalin was not convinced by our report, it is nonsense - he said. blev, go and figure it out better. in 5 days on june 22 the war began from the beginning of the war i became an employee of the intelligence and sabotage department, the department trained saboteurs for work, i selected young boys and girls and trained them to be radio operators, paratroopers, snipers and subordinates. one of the organizers of the intelligence department of sabotage, whom i knew. they take everyone indiscriminately, yasha serebryansky, a god-given intelligence officer, was accused of obtaining active poisons on assignment from french intelligence to poison, you know who, complete nonsense, you went to beria about him, you went, he was released, now you know where, where? a sanatorium after intensive interrogation methods, i managed to pull out supposedly before the execution, but many zoya is no longer return, you demand personnel, i don't have them, i don't have them and don't ask, in our department they took everyone in the field, there's no one left, now we understand po... from the soviet information bureau. zoya ivanovna, i can't do this now, everything will work out in the war. honest komsomol. suvorov said, hard in training, easy in battle. yes, i know, i wrote a term paper on suvorov on ifacking go, but for saboteurs hand-to-hand combat is not the main thing, right? "some saboteurs are trained to become snipers, others as battalion commanders, others as radio operators, but all of them, without exception, self-defense skills are necessary, i can defend myself, i'm a man, a man, okay, the gun is unloaded, yes. on the safety catch? yes, i checked. good. i, a german soldier. coming towards him. when the distance between us is two steps, grab the gun and point it at me. everything is clear. yes. shot, repeat, yes, repeat, it was a spontaneous shot, free, yes, thank you izo ivanovna, go, thank you, soon this young man was sent to the german rear, he was ambushed, he blew himself up together with surrounded by fascists, the guys i was preparing to be captured did not surrender, i was also eager to go to the front, but they would not let me go. apparently, they were holding me back for some particularly important task. soviet counterintelligence has established that a foreign intelligence agent is operating in moscow. the chekists only know the agent's call sign trianon. nagonii is on the verge of a coup. if agana overthrows griso, the americans will immediately deploy their bases. the leadership of the committee expects the most decisive actions from us. please read this message. and tell me, does it look like a forgery or not? you, vitaly, you're flying out urgently. we need to find the author of the letter, he's a kgb colonel, here under his own name, report to me about every step of this slavin. it's necessary for the fleet to be redeployed that day. now, when we begin our operation, which we called fuck. this kind of intensity of work is only possible on the eve of events. and here in africa , the russians are to blame for everything. we're only butting in to keep them out. yesterday, london broadcast a very interesting commentary about nagonia for the 12th anniversary of das. this is undoubtedly the one you're looking for. the legendary serial film based on the novel "tas is authorized to declare next weekend on the first. in october 1941, i was appointed deputy resident in neutral sweden. my legal cover was the position of press secretary of the soviet embassy. "hello, madame yartseva, yes, i 'm listening, this is olafson, the head of the dalecarlian horses, hello, olaf, glad to hear from you, your horses are ready, madame yartseva, when can i pick them up, any day convenient for you, except sunday, of course, thank you, all the best!" olaf congressional between our residency in norway and sweden. the so-called volver league operated in thirty port cities around the world. this anti-fascist league carried out many different sabotage operations so that as few ships with cargo as possible would get to germany. hello, olaf. hello. they can't wait to see you, please, thank you, come in, please, wait, i'll be right back, here's a sample, oh, yes, do you like it, it's a miracle, just a miracle, christians. they paint them with natural paint made from copper ore, they cook it at home on the stove, adding rye flour and linseed oil, well, these horses say bring happiness, it is true, we will load all the goods into the car, and in the meantime you read our advertising brochure, thank you. mrs. yatseva, mrs. yatseva, we have strangers in our village. for let them draw conclusions in moscow, how important this is for germany, and i will definitely pass this on to the center. the germans are preparing to take 15 tons of heavy water from venork to germany. they need it to create a new type of weapon, they can take this cargo by ferries, across lake tinche, in the note, the name of the ferries, their exact schedule, our comrades are waiting for instructions, thank you, catch, we will do everything to prevent this cargo from reaching germany, yeah, for god's sake, be careful , apparently there are gestapo officers in disguise in this mercedes. thank you, i will be careful, all the best, mrs. yats! swedish national police, i have a few questions for you, madam, but i... press secretary of the soviet embassy, ​​diplomatic immunity exempts me from answering any questions, in wartime our police have questions for everyone, as you understand, why did you go to the village, what do you mean, why? to the village of nysnos all they only go for one thing, for dalecarlian horses, and you, a diplomat, went so far just for souvenirs? be so kind as to get out of the car, please, i will get out, but only to meet your gallantry, i will ask you to take your handbag, please, be careful. this is a very expensive handbag, excuse me, madam, this is our job, we do not often deal with beautiful women. you will go with us, a group of norwegian anti-fascists managed to blow up the ferries that were transporting. a tank with heavy water, and information about the acute the nazis' interest in heavy water was prompted by soviet scientific developments in the field of creating an atomic bomb. in sweden, i worked under the supervision of alexander kalantai. kalantai was a legendary figure, the only woman diplomat of her caliber in the world at that time. in 1943, moscow set us the task of withdrawing. it seems to me that we should take on the swedish magnates, the weilenberg brothers, who invested most of their capital in finnish industry will lose almost everything if germany, therefore, being with in the coalition, finland, will lose the war. thank you, my dear, please, yes, but they are closely connected to germany. jakob wallenberg received the order of the german eagle from hitler for special services, and his brother markus helps to hide fascist capital in latin american countries. the center believes that you and i should be able to persuade the wallenberg brothers to withdraw finland from the war. they have enough influence for this. they are close friends with the artist karl gerhard, great, he seems to be in love with you, hopelessly, i will arrange for you to meet with gerhard through marcus wallenberg and i will prepare all the materials for the negotiations. i am sure that he will not tire of your charming political wisdom. especially if all my wisdom is well prepared by you. soon, kalantai and i, thanks to karl gerhard, received an invitation to the walturgy night festival at the estate of marchus palenberg. i think that your country, madame halantai, can appreciate that we swedes, despite everything, have remained neutral in this war, dear marcus, but you know the german plan to invade sweden, the polar forests, and you you understand perfectly well that this plan was buried by our katyushas, ​​do you agree, do you agree? but you probably remember that once we violated neutrality in favor of the soviet union, when we sold super-strong swedish statite to your aviation industry, of course, i remember very well that for this violation of neutrality, your personal bank, mr. wallenberg, received an unheard-of high sum in the form of russian platinum, what a blessing that this is unknown... i did not expect that you were so well informed, madame kalantay. besides, you have big investments in finland, our proposal will help to preserve them. almost convinced, perhaps i will go to finland and talk to my friend pasi ki. i think he is the former finnish ambassador to sweden, if i am not mistaken, mr. valend. absolutely. right, you amaze me? pasikibi is a very influential person in finland, he is against this war, he is an intelligent person, he enjoys well-deserved authority in finland, i will try to convince him that it is vitally important for finland to leave the hitler coalition, because in the event of stalin's victory, finland will simply disappear from the world map, the soviet union is not a colonizer, don't be so scary, we don't plan to be erased. peace even germany, and even more so, i assure you, finland, i am in love with your press secretary, mrs. kalantai, and i am in love with your holidays, negotiations regarding finland's withdrawal from the hitler coalition began successfully, literally a few weeks later kalantai had a stroke and the negotiations. successfully started were on the verge of collapse. fortunately , everything worked out, soon kalantai went to amendment. comrade stalin values ​​you very highly. he values ​​you. of course, yes. otherwise, i would have long ago been where the rest of the members of the lenin guard were. there, or there. but why so gloomy? let's give him his due. thanks to stalin, there appeared. in modern history , a woman diplomat, i have been trying all my life to prove to everyone that a woman can be a diplomat no worse, and sometimes better than a man. if you persuade the finns to leave the hitler coalition, you will save millions of lives. not a single male diplomat has even dreamed of such a thing. it's funny that... once upon a time, it was marcus wallenberg's bank sent german money to lenin in petrograd for the revolution, and not without my participation. so, i am more worried about the upcoming negotiations than when i was carrying money for the revolution to lenin across many borders. believe me, my dear. the negotiations lasted for more than one month, but the result was worth it. september 20, 1944. "finland terminated the alliance with nazi germany and signed an armistice with the soviet union. silence fell on the one and a half thousand kilometers of the soviet-finnish front , our divisions began to be transferred for decisive blow to germany, soon after that i was transferred to moscow, where boris and i had a long-awaited child, a son named alyosha. we celebrated the victory with the whole family, and 2 years later we got our long-awaited vacation for the first time in 12 years and went to czechoslovakia, karlovy vary. this was our honeymoon, 12 years late. "i've never felt so good in my life, i thought and thought here and came up with what i came up with, when you and i are going to retire, and we'll ask for the most-most, most backward village or district in the country, don't look at me, so let's put all our life experience into it, along with finnish cleanliness, so'. and while our parts are ticking, we still have so much to do. we still have so many years ahead of us, our vacation was unexpectedly interrupted by a telegram from the center. boris was ordered to urgently leave for badens to return to moscow immediately, come in, you called, come in, sit down, will you smoke? no, zoya, you are a courageous woman, you have been through fire, water and copper pipes, take heart, boris died, died, yesterday he fixed it in a car accident. while on duty, we're sorting everything out now, we'll bury him here, though, you should probably go home now and hold on, we're taking care of the funeral ourselves, and you know what a new addition. from the accordion, yeah, well, let's go, let's go, how is bayan different , there's a domazhor, do siptokord, dominor, you've confused me even more. you perform in the kauchu genre, right? i don't know, have i already forgotten, have i forgotten? do you like performing more alone or with a team? both ways! oh, how lovely! carefully pour the cooled special dye at an acute angle. using this method, you can isolate lein. acid, that disoxir or nucleic acid, best of all, premiere, today on the first, vodka veda, productlar group, borya, after yo

not because some of the genius doctors thought that everything was being done wrong, this is the baden baden podcast, and i host it. president of the russian federation, i see several useful, it seems to me, lessons, that is, you need to stick to it, yes, and genetic tests are not necessary yet, because you will not find anything, but if according to the doctor's indications, then apparently it is still necessary and can be useful, and i apologize, i will interrupt, in the maternity hospital they take certain screenings, that is, they take blood on a special test paper, send it...