-korea policy. this week author sheila jager miyoshi in their latest book sub sub -- "brother at war" the unbending conflict in korea. the historian provides a complete overview the korean conflict on the occupation by japan during world war ii to its current tensions over north korea's nuclear threat. this program is about an hour. >> host: i am so bored. i'm here today with sheila jager miyoshi an anthropologist by training and an associate professor at oberlin college director of the east asian studies program. she has just come out with a new book called "brother at war". it's particularly well-timed because we are right on the cusp of the 60th anniversary of the armistice which brought an end to the fighting phase of the war one of the interesting aspects of the way that you have framed this book is that it's not just about the events of the fighting phase of the war itself but also talks a lot about the impact of the korean war on asian history and on world history and even on the contemporary

or south -- yeah, south korea and north korea. i don't think at the end of the second world war and with the emerging cold war in europe, the soviets and the americans could have come together and created a unified korea at that point. >> host: you really set the stage for competing occupation. and so the fluidity of that period is interesting and actually you talked a little bit about the challenges of the respective occupations and efforts to work with local leaders. i wonder if you could say something comparing the occupation of -- soviet occupation and the u.s. occupation on the peninsula. >> guest: well, the soviet union actually had a lot easier time occupying the northern half because they had a reservoir of koreans who could speak -- i'm sorry -- of soviets who could speak korean. the soviet koreans, that's long and fascinating history in itself but a lot of -- at the end of the 19th century, when korea became colonized by japan, a lot of koreans fled the colony and established themselves in the soviet far east and thennin

south korea. but i think to understand korean war it is also important to pay attention to what is going on in korea between 1945 and 1950. before 1945 korean had been high a -- before 1945 korean had been a japanese colony. there are groups of people that benefited from japanese colonialism and there were groups and individuals that had suffered deeply because of it. the right and the left in korea do not like each other. even if you take out the united states and take out the soviet union and china, it is still likely that there would have been some sort of civil conflict in korea. i think initially neither the united states nor the soviet union intended to divide korea. they both occupy parts of korea as was agreed to during the end of world war ii. they had originally believed that they would negotiate and come up with a formula for a unified agreement. over the course of the.-- the period between 1945 and 1950 you get increasing cold war for cushion. -- cold war friction. this eventually lead

china, the united states, north korea, south korea, and the soviet union. also it became apparent to me that i had to take this beyond the 1953 period. because of course the war did not end in a peace treaty that an armistice. so it took us a while to understand contemporary issue and looking at the past. >> host: of 21953, your book, "brothers at war: the unending conflict in korea", it takes up about half of the book. tell me a little bit about how you ultrashort approach. because really it extends to today. >> guest: the book is divided into four parts. the first is the war part and then post world war. in the war phase of the book, it is just easier to put it into one section because it covered the fighting of the war. so in 1940 and 1949 it was an insurgency in the south and it was by the newly established government. it became apparent that this regime is not going to work. the war turned into a international war. the smaller part of this really looks at the impact of the korean war on the cold war. the impact of the korean war not only on u.s. polici

can we do it in north korea? and they are doing it in north korea. there's a twin labs relationship between the maxwell school and kim university in pyongyang. we have trained north koreans in i.t. techniques in beijing. they're almost as good as it as the south koreans are and why do we do it? we do it because we feel the more information that comes into north korea, the more easily they will adapt to the fact that they have to join the family of the world and begin to treat their own people with respect that they deserve. >> that's very good. i'm afraid we run out of time. we could spend all evening talking about this fascinating subject but governor bill richardson, ambassador don gregg, thank you very much indeed. [applause] >> thank you. >> you're watching c-span2 with politics and public affairs, featuring live coverage of the u.s. senate. at night watch key public policy events and every weekend the latest non-fiction authors and books on "book tv." get our past programs and get our skied us at our website. and join in the conversation on soci

, korea policy. i will conclude with this. what are the main entities and actors that we need with north korea? we need out-of-the-box diplomacy. envoys.perhaps, special perhaps, sports diplomacy. i am one of those who do not begrudge the dennis rodman and others who might be able to open up a nation. donald p. gregg bross the philharmonic orchestra -- brought the philharmonic orchestra which i thought was a great idea. south korea is well-positioned, the new leader, she is the .aughter of a former president not exactly a progressive, a hardliner he was. she has those credentials. movess made the right verbally. i do not know if it will lead to more engagement. i am encouraged that the talks opening, the industrial park. hollisain to north korea ease, this was the first time they shut down the facility when provides tension which 50,000 jobs to north koreans. 50,000 jobs, that is a lot. they were willing to shutdown. there is a heartening. i will add a little bit. hon -- jong-un is trying to press hi

including the united states, japan and south korea. north korean foreign minister actually blamed the united states for tension on the korean peninsula. as long as the u.s. is in possession of nuclear weapons, the north also needs them for its own self-defense. the north is sticking to what has been its long term position. it has made no concessions. so north koreans seem to want to give the impression that it's open to dialogue and it is actually u.s., japan and south korea who are standing in the way. >> what can we expect from pyongyang? >> for the north, the ultimate goal seems to be direct talks with the united states. it seems willing to start with multilateral talks. actually made clear today after the session of the meetings. >> translator: we have already proposed bilateral talks with the u.s. it totally depends on them. >> is there any possibility that dialogue between north korea and the united states will move forward as a result of these asean meetings? >> well, frankly, i'd say there's very little possibility of that happ

people talk about the government of north korea like the prc. it is not you like him or you're 6 feet under. if north korea took a softer stance it was because kim jong-il wanted it it was harder is because he wanted it did his generals suggest things to him? absolutely but you agree with the cheerleader or you ended up in camp 913. it is a little different now because it has to be under kim jong-un because the biggest problem is he does not know what he does not know and does not have the background or experience to make these judgments calls that the leader has to make an just doesn't have that experience or background to so i believe, they're not ordering him to do anything but he is taking a lot of advice to run the government because i think right now they're trying to help kim jong-un make the decisions even though he can't yet and if the government stabilizes over the next five years, then things may go back to the way they were. we will have to see but right now his judgment is weak because of the lack of the power base if he just doesn'

when north korea was divided by the united states, now south korea was much weaker than north korea andthere was much fear in seoul for years. now that fear is gone because seoul is so much stronger economically than north korea and with that fear has gone some feeling of sadness for the south. and defectors are usually not warmly received. i worked with a lot of soviet defectors when i was with the cia and they were never happy. home is home and what they receive a makeover is never at home and they are always recorded as people who can't be trusted and sort of regarded as the debris of a failing society. >> there is a question right here. >> herbert levin. next week i think it's 60 years since the cease-fire was achieved and certainly it's not only intelligence failure but policy failure that brought about the nuclear the nuclear weapons in the north and continued occasional firings yet every time administrations of both parties have had an urge to try and get into realistic negotiations with the north there has been enormous a tax that were selling out the south or the lower morale a

south korea and the u.s. had agreed to transfer the operational power currently held by their combined forces command to the south korean military in december 2015. a south korean defense ministry spokesperson says the government proposed the postponement because of increasing tensions. >> translator: the security situation including north korea's nuclear program has worsened. we've proposed to the u.s. that our two countries consider the transfer plan. >> south korean defense ministry officials say they still want to proceed with the transfer while placing top priority on national security. >>> the people who run china's state-run oil companies believe they may have found something valuable beneath the east china sea. they're hoping to develop new gas fields. but they could siphon off gas from the sea bed under waters claimed by japan. reuters news agency quotes industry officials with direct knowledge of the project. the officials say china national offshore oil corporation is among several firms planning t

so south korea from the beginning demanded north korea's pledge for the prevention of similar cases in the future. but it is about the responsibility of the past. so i think it's quite difficult for north korea to make a pledge on that issue. on the other hand, south korea cannot accept any other than that. actually from the beginning the park guen-hye ministry has asked north korea to make a pledge. otherwise it can't start the complex again. it seems to me that there are three motives behind it. first, they observed the formation of a trilateral cooperation among the united states, south korea and china on north korean issues. so they felt isolated and pressured. so drive a wedge among these three countries and also to get out of the international isolation, north korea has made a series of diplomatic activities asking for dialogue and also sent delegates to china and russia as well. the second is about the south korean issues. north korea tried to weaken the people's support for park guen-hye's policy towards north korean, the trust building process, over the past six months, park g

first, north korea observed formation of trilateral cooperation among united states, south korea and china on north korean issue. so they felt isolated and pressured. so drive a wedge among these three countries and also get out of the international isolation. north korea has made a series of diplomatic activities asking for dialogue and also sent delegates to china and russia as well. the second reason actually is about south korean issues. actually, north korea tried to weaken the people's support for park geun-hye policy or peace building process. over the past six months the administration has enjoyed strong support for that. north korea propose a dialogue actually that is intended to create what you call south/south dispute over north korean policy. third, by having, if it's possible and successful by having dialogue talk with the united states north korea can get what it wants from the united states, such as food supply or other humanitarian assistance from the united states. i think one possibility i strongly believe is that maybe north korea is going to reveal their new weapo

south korea thinks north korea is illegitimate and fisa bursa. -- and vice versa.onal dimensions. south korea probably would not have looked the way that it did. similarly i do not think that north korea would have looked the way it did by 1950 if the soviet union had not played such a significant role in bringing kim il-sung to power and giving north korea different kinds of aid and support. there is a combination of civil war and a combination of civil war and international conflict elements in the korean case. parallel to said -- to syria? guest: i think the dimensions were very different. the time you get to 1950 and the united states intervenes you are dealing with two separate states. i think the dimensions of it are quite different to that regard. host: here is john from massachusetts. the key for holding on. go ahead. i was curious if you had seen oliver stone's "a history of the united states." korea was a japanese colonial basin. at the end of the second world russell was probably going to invade japan if china didn't. they have touched upon those issues.

north korea is very well known for its lavish patriotic displays.hat's taking place in a country that's had a rather rough economic time over the course of the past 20 years. now, in our short very controlled time in pyongyang, we are definitely not seeing any of the signs of the terrible famine of the 1990s which killed hundreds of thousands of north koreans due to starvation. experts are telling us that they are seeing more cars on the roads than before and that people seem to have better clothes as well. and -- this is despite the fact that their strong kriping united nations nationed sanction against north korea. it is very hard to get economic statistics on this country. system is very opaque here. we rely on figures coming from the central bank of south korea which says that the economy has, in fact, grown in 2011 and 2012. we also know that a big chunk of north korea's international trade comes through one center. an industriial park. they run factories there that use north korean labor. just last april, the north korean government shut down

can we do anytime north korea? they are doing it in north korea. there is a twin lab relationship between the university and pyongyang. we have trained technicians in beijing. they are almost as good at it as the south koreans are. why do we do it? we feel the more information that comes into north korea, the more easily they will adapt to the fact they have to join the family of the world and begin to treat their own people with the respect that they deserve. >> i'm afraid we've run out of time. we could spend all evening talking about this fascinating subject but governor richard san and ambassador gregg thank you very much. [applause] redit credit >> next a house hearing looks into iran's influence in latin america. then a proposal to change senate rules on filibuster on executive branch nominations. then another chance to see the asia society discussion about relations with north korea. >> earlier someone touched upon the idea that women could not really predict their role in entering into the white house. but i did find one political observer

in the early 1900s, north korea witnessed a christian revival.he city of pyeongchang was even called the jerusalem of the east side. pyeongchang, january 14th, 1907. a group of korean christians and western missionaries are meeting for a bible study in a church on the outskirts of the city. half way through, god begins to move in a powerful way. >> they knew that the only way to survive was to depend on god. >> george: one by one, the men confessed their sins to each other, sins of racial prejudice, hate, anger, and jealousy. >> they knew nothing was impossible with god, so they called on him for forgiveness. >> george: god answers and revival breaks out. in the ensuing months, thousands repented publicly, including elders of churches and foreign missionaries serving in korea. >> and out of that, they say, they think came the work of the spirit that finally broke out at that pentecost. >> george: thus began the great pyeongchang revival of 1907. >> in 1907, pyeongchang became known as the jerusalem of the east. churches were sprouting up everywhe

he is still praised as a hero in south korea. japanese chief cabinet secretary yoshihide suga condemned the fan's action. >> translator: i felt deep regret when i learned that such a a banner was shown during an international game. >> suga says the government will take appropriate action once details of the incident are clarified. >>> the korea football association says it warned the group of fans before the match, not to display the banner, as it could be seen as political. the association declined to say how the group called the red devils got the banner into the venue and why officials did not remove it until halftime. world soccer governing body fifa bans fans and teams from making political statements during games. south korean soccer officials say fifa will decide whether the red devils violated the rule. >>> cambodia's governing party led by the prime minister has declared victory in a general election. the people's party says they gained a majority of the seats opposition party, the cambodian national rescue party, on the

for repair or if north korea had bought it. the cargo was not still unloaded. there might be a few more surprises. >> it is being speculated that the ship had been monitored in some way. this is by panamanian authorities and perhaps even by people in washington. >> it shows how hard it is for north korea to evade the sanctions despite their duplicitous efforts. this is a ship that had been under suspicion by authorities because of the unusual sailing pattern. if it had not been to the atlantic ocean in over 10 years and suddenly it is appearing. it had been involved in other suspicious activities. we knew that it had gone from north korea, we knew it had docked in cuba. of course, you trapped it inside of the panama canal. not a lot of room to maneuver. lex a pretty narrow strait. what is your sense of what is going on? how serious of a violation might this have been of the arms embargo? >> militarily, not a very significant threat. this is not an offensive weapon. this is an old system. i know that the president said it was ve

north korea r itrth korea rolled its tanks, artillery, and missiles through center pyongyang. ehough these pictures were taken today, it was reminiscent of ar-e war-era soviet parades. .armer c.i.a. analyst bob carlin has made nearly 30 trips to north korea. to i think it's intended to be a sober message that they have the capacity to inflict a lot of damage if we're not very careful. >> reporter: the korean war is theled the fatherland liberation ion here, and while much of the world considers that it ended in a stalemate, the north koreans claimed victory. they see it as successfully fighting back u.s. imperialists. in some way, that's a battle they continue to fight today. supreme leader kim jong un links his country's self-sufficiency th t the continued development rogrts nuclear program. troops cocked their heads toward he as they passed by his reviewing stand today. >> kim jong un has moved quickly to try to establish himself as a wader who is concerned about the well-being of his people. atd so he has shown up at a lot of projects that make people's lives a little bit b

here in south korea, the commemorations were more solemn. signs to remember the dead and thanks for the 21 countries that gave them support. the country's president warning that peace remains uncertain. at least 36,000 americans died in just three years of combat. for american veterans, this was a chance to honor their fallen comrades from what's often called the forgotten war to look for friends among the names of the dead. >> i think that we've probably with this korean war prevented world war iii. >> reporter: we joined one group of veterans revisiting the dmz and their old battlefields. >> thank you very much. i appreciate that. >> reporter: formally greeted by the south korean soldiers who now defend this frontline. >> that would have been a trench. >> reporter: dan peterson spent much of his war in the trenches confronting the waves of chinese troops that had come to the aid of the north. this classic movie "pork chop hill" depicts the first phase of the battle that peter has experienced firsthand. >> that's where the chinese were with

any of those routes going from seoul, south korea, to san francisco. thanks so much. >> reporter: it's a connector flight not only would this have been a flight with passengers direct from south korea to the united states, but almost certainly a large percentage will have also been connecting asiana uses the incheon as a major hub from north asia, up into incheon and on to the united states. >> so often if you're traveling to china to japan you stop there in seoul, south korea. thanks so much, richard. don't go far. still on the line is the eyewitness i mentioned earlier, anthony castorani at a nearby hotel. correspondent dan simon is en route to san francisco international airport and dan, what are you hearing about this what appears to be using richard's words, not mine, he's more of an authority on this than i am but this crash landing of this flight 214 from seoul, south korea. >> reporter: fred i hate to speculate. when we get there we'll talk to as many witnesses as possible. i can tell you this is generally an airport that has overcast weather a

> translator: japan and south korea share basic values and interests. i hope we can have smoother communication to improve our relationship. >> senior japanese and south korean diplomats have held several meetings this month. kishida said he and kim agree it's important to hold high-level exchanges, but he said they did not discuss anything specific between a summit meeting between their countries' leaders. >>> a romanian woman says she burned masterpieces by picasso, monet, and other artists. she alleges her son stole them from a museum in the netherlands last year. seven artworks were taken from the museum last october. security camera footage shows the thieves carrying the paintings. the stolen works are worth tens of millions of dollars. they include monet's "waterloo bridge." three romanians were arrested in january for their alleged involvement in the heist. romanian media reports say the mother of the alleged ring leader told police she became scared after her son's arrest and burned the paintings in her stove. investigators found remains of canv

he assassinated japan's resident general in korea. he's still praised as a hero in south korea. yoshihide suga condemned it. >> translator: i felt deep regret when i learned that such a banner was shown during an international game. >> he said his government will take appropriate action once details of the incident are clarified. the korea football association says it warned the group of fans before the match not to display the banner as it could be seen as political. the association declined to say how the group, called the red devils, got the banner into the venue and why officials did not remove it until halftime. the world soccer governing body fifa bans players and fans from making political statements during games. south korean soccer officials say fifa will decide whether the red devils violated the rule. >>> a senior beijing official has poured cold water over the japanese prime minister's call for dialogue. she said shinzo abe is using empty slogans. china's stayed media reported comments by the foreign ministry spokes pers spokesperson hua chunying. she said they shoul

to go over their united approach on north korea. they say they'll work together to push authorities in pyongyang to stop developing nuclear weapons. kerry sat down in brunei with fumio kishida and south korean foreign minister yun byung-se. >> translator: this is the right time for representatives of the three countries to exchange opinions over north korean issues. >> yun called the meeting significant. the first of its kind since japan and south korea elected new governments and president obama entered his second term. kerry said the three nations have been coordinating responses to the north's provocations. north korean leaders have indicated they're willing to restart talks on their nuclear program, but the ministers agreed the country must first abide by u.n. security council resolutions and abandon its nuclear development. now, kishida also held one on one talks with south korea's yun. they agreed to try to improve relations between their countries. ties remain strained over a territorial dispute and other issues. >> translato

. >>> north korea has postponed new discussions with south korea one day after proposing them. the new discussions were supposed to be about reuniting families separated by the korean war and resuming a joint tourism project at mount kungen. pyongyang informed seoul of the decision on thursday. north korean officials said they prefer to focus on restarting the jointly run kaesong industrial complex. officials from south korea's unification ministry suggested on wednesday that the nations should concentrate on getting kaesong back up and running. but they accepted a separate proposal to talk about family reunions, saying it is a humanitarian issue. the south suggested the talks on family reunions occur in the truce village of panmunjom in the borderline demilitarized zone. south korean officials say they will study their counterpart's intentions at the next round of talks on kaesong scheduled for monday. >>> top diplomats from japan and south korea have reaffirmed that their countries will work closely with the united states when dealing with north korea. japan's vice foreign mi

. >>> oh officials from north korea and south korea say they need more time to negotiate as they work on re-opening a symbol of cross-border cooperation. >>> supporters of ousted egyptian president morsi have rejected a call to join a caretaker government. >>> and voting for a better life. survivors of the 2011 disaster in japan want candidates to make good on promises to rebuild. >>> officials from north korea and south korea need more time to negotiate an agreement to re-open an industrial zone they control. they have held more dugs about the industrial complex. authorities in pyongyang suspended operations there three months ago during a period of heightened tensions. >> translator: we will do our very best to get the kaesong industrial complex operational again. >> a south korean delegation went to north korea for talks. managers of firms in the complex went awe long, too. they inspected the facilities at the park. they say most of the factories are in the same state as before the suspension. but they say they found water leaks in some areas and humidity caused some precision mach

this was coming in from seoul, south korea flight 214. this plane is often used for flights up to 12 hours or more. if you are traveling from one continent to another. as you said, san francisco airport is a very, very popular airport. it's the tenth busiest airport in the u.s. 25th busiest airport in the world handling over a million passengers each week. in a day the airport averages over thousand flights. that is in a day. >> rick: we are getting information about who was on the plane. just a breakdown because this plane, asiana originating in seoul, south korea. it's based in south korea. the flight had a we're told, 291 passengers. plus 16 crew members. it was 291 passengers and also 16 crew members. the flight carrying at least 141 chinese passengers, 77 passengers from south korea, and 61 passengers who are u.s. citizens, that is according to the reuters news service. they are giving us a little information according to a south korean official who was on the plane and which countries they come from. want to talk a little bit more a

as it was three months ago and secondly how north korea will react to that stance the south korea dell fwats. north korea blames south korea and the south korean media for politicizing this so having the south koreans say it was the north korean's faults and they want safe forwards to ensure they won't politicize this in the future that's a difficult one for both sides to find common ground on. around unlikely to find agreement on in this first round f talks. >> syria's on session has urged the international community to take action to protect civilians. the syrian national coalition has been meeting in istanbul where it hopes to nominate a new leader. they're calling for more assistance in its struggle against forces loyal to resident assaad. this information came to us, we're unable to independently verify, it claims troops have bombarded opposition-held areas of the city. >> the situation is dire, the destruction is great and enormous. 14 neighborhoods are under siege right now. over 5,000 families are under siege. and certainly an immediate intervention to save these civilians' liv

airport from south korea. asiana airlines the conditions were pretty good let's talk to janice dean about the weather conditions. >> right now we are looking at partly cloudy skies. conditions are pretty good in terms of weather, but looking at the latest satellite radar imagery. we do have some cloud cover that is coming up. they have the marine layer and fog layer that comes off of the ocean. right now, partly cloudy skies as i look back the last couple of hours, we did see some cloud cover move into the san francisco region. winds are light and you can see the past 12 hours if you look at the satellite imagery, clouds are moving into the san francisco area. very cool waters here. sometimes we get some fog and some clouds cover. again, we're not dealing with severe conditions. we weren't dealing with a storm system like that. obviously we'll continue to monitor the weather, partly cloudy skies, winds very light at around 9 miles an hour and temperatures around 66 degrees. so, gregg, they will look at weather

north korea said, yes, please come in. and they at least started answering again the red hot -- red cross hotline between the government. they said don't talk to the business people, talk to us, we want to talk to you saturday. waiting for a response from the north korean side. what the response was, according to the unification ministry, was that north korea wanted to have those talks not at the truce village not on the border, right on the demarcation line which was the south korea suggestion, but actually in the kaesong joint industrial zone itself, and it wanted to have the business people join the talks as well, or at least be there at the same time. apparently the south koreans are not happy with that proposal so they came back with their own counter proposal of having a talk right there with the theures that you can see of customs point inside the south korean territory where the cars and trucks that used to service the kaesong joint industrial complex used to go through. we are deep into the horsetrading. the pre-t

south korea. south korea says it is not going back to the status quo before this happened. if both sides want to reopen this, it will take a lot longer before any resolution to that key difference is made. >> between the border of north and south korea, thank you very much. welcome back. the top stories on aljazeera. the egyptian interim president has urged all sides to come together for talks. protests in cairo calling for the deposed president, mohamed morsi, and to be reinstated. evidenceys they have opposition forces have used chemical weapons in syria, saying they were used in an attack in a government- controlled area in march, and south korean delegates are on their way to talks with the north about reopening the joint industrial complex, which has been closed since may. a car bomb has exploded in a stronghold of the shia hezbollah. the device was planted in a parking lot of a district of bir and we have a report from beirut. >> it was a relatively small bomb, but the car bomb exploded in a parking lot in a southern beirut suburb, a stronghold of the shia hezbollah,

so they would use north korea in that sense. lately they are somewhat of a liability because what is happen something that the paradox cal. rather than to be a sort of rogue state and keeping americans off of the base. this is causing the united states to reinforce its arm amounts in east asia and that is something that the chinl he's are not keen on. they are very much recent president obama's pivot to east asia and they are against that. reinforces it so consequently the relationship is more mixed now. so i think that at times some of them of the kmin he's officials are a little bit more wary or think that north korea has become too much of a liability for them. thomas henriksen in america and the rogue states you talk about iraq. the iraq war and away to deal with the rogue state. did the u.s. deal with iraq in your view in the correct way? >> that again is a very complex and very controversial question. people think that the war against iraq was an unnecessary war. done una false premises with no nuclear weapons found. and o

japan, china and south korea. at the start of the talks in shanghai on tuesday, china's assistant commerce minister expressed hope that the three countries will be able to conclude an fta agreement soon. the remark demonstrated china's interest in strengthening economic ties with japan and south korea. it also appeared to show that beijing was prepared to set aside strained diplomatic relations with tokyo. officials are expected to consider lowering import tariffs on agricultural and industrial products. they will also discuss how much of a product can be made up of imported components and still be considered domestically made. in a separate session, tokyo is expected to demand that japanese companies investing in china be allowed to compete with china's state-run firms under the same conditions. this month china made major concessions to a similar demand from the u.s. >>> japanese consumer products maker kao expects to lose about $100 million in sales in their fiscal year. representatives say the recall of skin w

ivan watson is inside north korea and filed this report. >> reporter: north korea is probably the onlyganizers are dedicated to two flowers, red and purple blossoms. named after two former rulers of the country, north korea's founder, kim il sung and his son kim jong il. >> when you look at this, reflections of our leaders. >> north koreans are taught quite literally to worship their leaders, bowing before the palace that is the final resting place of both father and son. for visitors to this strictly disciplined militaristic society, it's good to be reminded that children still love the little things in life. >> who has roller blades? >> reporter: but ask a 12-year-old what's his favorite tv show, and he answers, i like cartoons and documentary films about kim il sung. these days, there's a new ruler of north korea. kim youjong un, a man in his 20. but recent military parades celebrating the 60-year anniversary of the end of the korean war look very similar to parades that were held in this same square 15 or 20 years ago. as part of the celebration, kim jong un unaugust -- inaugurated

if you ask ridgway would you want to go after korea for how does korea's safe west berlin or if you said to david trias will this vision that you have iraq be replicated in afghanistan or is it something we can do in serious? they have these doctrines that people could build on these philosophies but they don't think they are necessarily interested in a sustained military career of the type of u.s. grants or george patton or something like that. >> host: it's interesting you should mention grants because one of the things that i really wanted to ask you is wide sherman and why not grant? >> guest: i will be controversial here. after vicksburg and gettysburg everyone thought the north would win in six months after july of 1863. it it won they had one in the west and defeated robert e. lee at the height of his powers and then the war drags on. so they bring grants to the willard hotel in washington he has this grand vision and says i'm going to go to richmond and my most brilliant subordinate has taken over the army and the west he is going to go to atlanta. two prongs, i will take richmon

the plane belongs to to asiana airlines of south korea. smoke appears to be coming from the jet on the tarmac. it's not known yet whether there are any injured passengero crews. cnn said the plane flew from south korea. once again, u.s. aviation officials say a boeing 777 jet crashed as it was landing. the plane belongs to asiana airlines. cnn says it flew from inchang international airport. no casualties have been confirmed. >>> islamic militants have attacked a boarding school in northeastern nigeria, killing at least 27 students and one teacher. no group has so far claimed responsibility but local police blamed the violence on bokoharam, based in northeastern nigeria. just before dawn on saturday, a group of gunmen broke into the boarding is it school in the state of yobe. it's the latest in a series of attack. they set fire also to school buildings. the group is also suspected of being response for a series of attacks against government offices and abductions of foreign nationals. you see the nigerian government declared a state of eme

japan and south korea. nhk world's reports. >> reporter: the german magazine "der spiegel" reported that works at the national security agency installed listening devices in eu offices in washington and new york. they say agents eavesdropped on meetings among eu officials. they cited a leaked document by snowden. it says nsa workers also hacked into computer networks to intercept documents and e-mails. eu leaders responded with strong words. >> i am shocked in case that it is true, i feel treated as a european and a representative of an european institution like the representative of an enemy. >> reporter: the report also describes a u.s. spying program in germany. it says the operation is as comprehensive as the ones in china and iraq. u.s. agents monitored about 500 million phone calls and e-mails every month. german prosecutors have launched an investigation. the document leaked by snowden also points to spying on other u.s. allies. a report in the british newspaper "the guardian" said the u.s. had surve

and south korea were more somber. cbs reporter marlie hall on how the tens of thousands of troops killed or still missing were remembered. >> reporter: president obama and korean war veterans laid wreaths in washington, d.c. for the more than 36,000 americans killed defending south korea. to mark the 60-year anniversary of the end of the fighting, the president asked americans to honor the sacrifices of american servicemembers in the so- called forgotten war. >> when 50 million south koreans live in freedom a vibrant democracy, one of the world's most dynamic economies, in stark contrast to the repression and poverty of the north, that is a victory and that is your legacy. [ bells ] >> reporter: bells rang for the approximately 8,000 u.s. soldiers still missing including david's brother frank. >> for many of you, the number of missing in action from the korean war is just another cold clinical statistic. but these numbers represent fathers, husbands, brothers. >> reporter: some americans attended ceremonies south kore

these are the faces of south korea. nhk world updates you on what's happening across the peninsula, wednesday and thursday, here on "newsline." >>> u.s. military commanders are realigning their forces in south korea to better deal with any threats from the north. they've broken ground for a new headquarters in a suburb of the capital seoul. commanders plan to have the building finished in two years. then they'll move troops and equipment there from an old base in central seoul. they say 850 soldiers will work in the new location. a senior officer said they'll be ready for any provocation from north korea and any other contingency on the peninsula. >> our action today show our continued commitment to ensure a credible deterrence against aggression and to maintain stability and prosperity for the korean people. >> u.s. and south korean forces share command in the event of war. the americans are due to give the south koreans sole command in december 2015. but the south koreans asked them to postpone that plan earlier this

operations there have been suspended since north korea withdrew its workers in april. the two workers agreed last month to hold min tearial talks about kaesong, but they canceled them after failing to agree who should represent each side. >>> chinese and russian naval forces will be putting on a show of strength over the next week. they're holding joint exercises in the sea of japan. china's state-run xinhua news agency reports the eight-day drill will start off vladivostok. they will use 18 ships including china's latest destroyer. they'll have submarines and aircraft on hand for the live fire drills. he quoted a top general with the chinese people's liberation army saying the exercises are designed to boost cooperation and capability. he said the two nations can play a positive role in regional security and stability. and he said the drills are not targeting any third party. however, media outlets in mainland china and hong kong speculate the two powers are hoping to keep japan in check over territorial issues. the chinese claim the japanese controlled senkaku island

just a few months after tensions flaired with south korea and the u.s. over threats of a nuclear attack. ann curry was one of the journalists invited to cover the celebration. >> north korea, a small nation with the fourth largest army, stages one of its largest military parades ever today. in a show of defiant precision, soldiers by the thousands lose step with such intensity, the ground seemed to shake. fighter jets and drones, and the mobile missile the u.s. could with enhancements reach alaska and hawaii with nuclear weapons. also notable, soldiers strapped with vests bearing a radioactive symbol. it's unclear what they were, or if all the weapons were even real. the choreography included a people's expression of adulation for kim jong-un still an enigma to the outside world. his top military officer delivered the message, the tone was moderate, not war like. and no mention of the u.s. this celebration is being held on what north korea's calling victory day. because people here have been led to believe they won the korean war. the men and women who w

generation defectors from north korea.

it is a much more formidable adversary such as north korea or even iraq. and that is on various fronts and movements such as hezbollah it has cozied up to those that are not shiite so it is a much more formidable in the capability to manufacture nuclear weapons because it will become another nuclear power but to the aggressive ideology because of the confrontational stance and other gulf states. it is very difficult. up until now we have relied on sanctions coming and the current administration has implemented a very severe and far reaching sanctions which have caused major economic problems for the iranians. the currency has depreciated roughly 80% to it, inflation the past year was 30% and considered to raise another trip to 7%. -- 27 percent but they can get away from those by using a shell company so i am doubtful it will break the iranians. they say the nuclear program is peaceful and like the koreans to brag about the nuclear capacity the iranians profess it is within their rights and also a very popular we are left with one or two options. we can co

it is rare for reporters to be allowed inside north korea. when we are allowed in it's usually because of an anniversary or some sort of special event. today marks the 60th anniversary of the end of the war. it was cause for an enormous military parade to be held in the capital city pyongyang. north korea's leader kim jong-un was at the center of it all, reviewed sites. the tanks and the ar tilley rolling down the streets were rem isn't of soviet-style. that principle of self-reliance was on display today. the korean war is called the father land of liberation war. while much considers it ended in a stalemate, the north koreans claim it as a victory. they see it as successfully fighting against u.s. imperial lifts. in 1950 a communist north korean invaded south korea which was backed by the united states. the brutal three-year-long battle that followed was part of this theatrical story of north korea's history in the friday night games. several,000 took part inform the acrobats and performance. the audience barely acknowledged performers with

a game between north korea and south korea certainly has. comes as the countries remain locked in a diplomatic standoff. >> in training, north korea's women showed off their powerful shooting. and they're well drilled cohesion. well drilled cohesion. if there are any nerves about the contest or of being south of the demilitarized zone, they were not shown. i asked about being here so soon after a crisis in inter-korean relations. political sensitivities were laid bare. >> we are here to play football in the east asian cup. >> in march and april, relations between north and south korea reached their lowest point in many years with pyongyang issuing repeated threats of nuclear war. the two governments are now at least talking again, if without results. has providednt limited opportunities for a cultural and sporting exchange, but few are giving it more weight than that. >> although we are in a political standoff, it would be even worse if there were confrontations in the sporting arena as well. >> the north korean team has the upper hand, but