and only really leonid kravchuk passed the founding congress of the movement. i would say not from my own his wish was then sent, and he was only the head of the ideological department of the central committee of the digger of ukraine and a member of the central committee, not even a member of the politburo of the central committee of the communist party. in fact, the party leadership of ukraine ignored the congress, they even forbade us to write about this congress. i don't know if you know that i wrote the text about the founding congress of the movement before the congress began and before we were forbidden to write. that is, we had time to publish in the newspaper youth of ukraine a message that the congress had begun that there were that it was opened by the delegates, that means with national songs, but this did not happen, i made it up just to have time to not print it, and then everything was banned for 10 days, i remember it well, i know it very well, because i also observed it with my own eyes and everything was heard my ears, why was it different in

as leonid makarovych kravchuk said in his speeches on the radio and then on television that everything is normal here, it is quiet, there is nothing to gather people here, milkmaids are milking cows, reapers are harvesting and so on, that is, the rhythm of life in ukraine has supposedly not changed, but already on the 20th, already on the maidan of the then october revolution, now the maidan of independence, the people have already started to gather when they say that independence came to ukraine by accident, they said that the kchp was wet, and let’s guess a simple question. the planned signing of a new union treaty with broader rights for the republics, gorbachev, who acted as the initiator, had high hopes that in this way it would be possible to stop the centrifugal movements and preserve the union, but on the eve of the signing day, already it was obvious that there would be no new treaty. the position of the baltic republics, which had already declared independence at that time, was not a surprise for moscow. in january 1991, gorbachev resorted to military intervention in lithuani

day, and the first presidential elections in the history of independent ukraine were held by leonid kravchukmunist at that time, having already gained more than 60% of the votes in the first round, 23% took former political prisoner vyacheslav chornovil today, it is interesting to compare their pre-election programs, here is chornovil on several pages , a detailed plan of priority reforms, many of which are still not completed in ukraine 30 years later and this is kravchuk's short program, the so-called 5d prosperity, democracy, statehood, spirituality, trust , there are no specifics here, instead, there is a set of phrases about the social economy that works for a person, about the harmony of prosperity and happiness, it is not even about populism, but about what kravchuk had greater organizational support and he was simply more convenient for the majority of the infantile population of ukraine, which actually leaned towards independence because the soviet union collapsed and chornovil took the same 25% who voted for the people's movement of ukraine 8 in the 90th year and we had almost 25%

honored guest has been invited, this is the second person among of the ukrainian communists, leonid kravchuknin, whom i worship here, blaspheme as a worshiping student and lesya ukrainka. he began his work, a righteous , great work, by writing a work on what to do. no joke, the historical content took place here in the cultural center of the kpi , today we may be surprised why the second secretary of the communist party is participating in the congress, as the kgb employees wrote in their protocols of bourgeois nationalists, and they, in response to his instructions, burst into applause, the environment of the movement was heterogeneous, they joined the movement. people who were members of the party, i will not say that they were communists, but they had party tickets , in fact , there was nothing in the participation of communist bosses in national revival movements at that time unusual in lithuania, the first secretary of the communist party, algerdasbrazauskas, was one of the initiators of the creation of saidis and then the first president in the post-war period, however, after the 1990

followed the passage of documents. partner with dmytro pavlychko, who had an influence on leonid makarovich kravchukid makarovich kravchuk trusted him, trusted him and his intuition, and when we voted well, there was already some kind of fatigue and such a question well, why did it have to happen like this, and in fact, even at the final stage of the national liberation struggles that led to the creation of a modern state, the mobilization of the creative potential of the patriotic potential of the entire nation was needed. i am not talking about that previous history where people there, uh, hundreds of thousands laid down their lives for ukraine, i mean the upa, i mean our other heroes , that's why our state is a geopolitical phenomenon from outside the borders, maybe no one helped us create it it was created precisely by the age-old struggle for will and freedom, mr. zayets, you really mentioned the authorship of the declaration of independence and the creation of an independent ukrainian state, and actually among the authors there is, well, i don’t know if it is correct to say so. please comment,

in russia, general vareinikov er-e frankly rammed er-e leonid makarovich kravchuk , the blackmail wasso completely frank, that is, several planes er-e now er-e flew from moscow to from kyiv. here the landing brigades were all raised but it is still necessary to take into account this talent of kravchuk to drag and hold a pause, and it was from kyiv that it was clear that such a wave of problems was piling up on her brain that she could not cope with. well, this was confirmed by experience, that is, the act was announced on the 24th, but now let's look at a certain logic uh, a tug of war for such intellectual and political primacy, because somewhere in the whole uh, uh, 91st half of 92th year, after all, kyiv was the intellectual leader of the post-soviet space , everyone looked back at kyiv, moscow was so numb from everything that was pouring down the soviet union and the poor er, well, the government’s fear of er, a united people who can simply , er, sacrifice the russian government itself, er, in fact, er, kyiv took advantage of this pause, and quite competently, the only thing that

leonid kravchuk, who passed away a few months earlier than gorbachev , recalled how the soviet secretaryto stop it. the ussr under the new conditions turned out to be useless, we are working on a union treaty, well, the neo-gregov process is well known yeltsin says mykhailo serhiyovych and what if we say we would go to the confederation gorbachev looked like this and who is the president, nothing more, i repeat this, well , you have to imagine the picture with your own character, well, how are you, mykhailo serhiyovych, no , no, no, there is no confederate to drive the republics back by force, moscow was no longer able, although such attempts were made, the soviet military shot people near the tv tower in vilnius in in tbilisi, the night of sapper shovels, two dozen dead demonstrators, these orders were approved by gorbachev in one way or another, but the violence was pointless, and the economic blockade of the republics did not help. the soviet leadership blamed itself for this. gorbachev was said to be a weakling who is afraid of blood, but the attempted coup in moscow and the removal

territory well, in fact, in 1990, that is, before the declaration of independence of ukraine, leonid kravchukgreement that testified respect for the already existing borders thereby confirmed crimea as a part of ukraine , and the key indicator in this is the referendum on december 1, 1991, when more than half of the crimeans said yes to an independent ukraine with the territory of crimea, in particular, the transfer of crimea to ukraine was actually a gift from khrushchev with the beginning during his reign, khrushchev could not single-handedly make such a decision, even with great desire , and the process of joining crimea to ukraine lasted more than six months, the official reason being the commonality economy, territorial proximity, but at that time crimea was still devastated by the war and depopulated after mass deportations of crimean tatars , so of course this is not a gift, and in general, crimea is the ethnic homeland of crimean tatars who were brutally deported in 1944, and it is these people who decide where to live and their own they have already made the choice we will bind up we

well, in fact, in 1990 , that is, before the declaration of ukraine's independence, leonid kravchuk and

well, in fact, in 1990, that is, before the declaration of ukraine's independence, leonid kravchuk and boris yeltsin signed an agreement certifying respect for the already existing borders, thereby confirming crimea as part of of ukraine, and a key indicator in this is also the referendum on december 1, 1991, when more than half of crimeans said yes to an independent ukraine with the territory of crimea in particular the transfer of crimea to ukraine was a gift from khrushchev , in fact, with the beginning of his reign, khrushchev could not single-handedly make such decisions, even with great desire, and the process of joining crimea to ukraine lasted more than six months, the official reason was the commonality of the economy, territorial proximity, but at that time crimea was still devastated by the war and depopulated after the mass deportations of the crimean tatars. of course, this is not a gift, and in general, crimea is the ethnic homeland of the crimean tatars, who were brutally deported to in 1944, it was these people who decided where to live, and they had already made their

their powers and transferred their powers to the new ukrainian government headed by president leonid kravchuk, the legal uh, so to speak, the power of kravchuk was transferred from uh, this foreign state center, and you know that such a historical historical parallel is very important ukrainian the people's republic always continued to be in a state of war with the russian soviet republic, and russia is actually the heir of this republic, so you know what's going on, it's heavy, that's the story, you know that no agreement was signed of the peace treaty, as soon as ukraine became the legal successor of the ukrainian people's republic , it was clear that it would be a war, because i started our broadcast with this, i said that the ukrainian independent, democratic, successful state is the biggest threat to the russian modern russian empire , because then the russians they look at how the ukrainians live there, how do the belarusians live there, they are used to the fact that we lived in the same state, and you know, i think i went to irpin or bucha after the liberation and read the inscription

countries and the united states on december 8, near brest, the president of ukraine, leonid kravchuk, the president of russia, boris yeltsin, and the chairman of the verkhovna rada of belarus, stanislav shushkevich, signed the famous belarus agreement, which put an end to the existence of the ussr. we were not the first in this fight against the totalitarian monster that was the soviet union. let the poles, czechs, hungarians , germans dispute the primacy, but without us, without our contribution, this monster would never have been finally overthrown. my greetings to all who are with us. for this hour, i will start with the fact that there are fewer enemy birds in the sky over the kherson region, our defenders destroyed three enemy drones, the russians tried to conduct aerial reconnaissance and adjust the artillery fire in the air forces they assume that these were drones of the orlan-10 type, a dangerous find in the water area of ​​odesa, the defense forces discovered another a sea mine that was drifting an explosive object was quickly neutralized by a special unit of the naval force

ukraine, but the country itself remained very soviet and dependent on moscow, after kravchuk, the ukrainians elected leonidas president. he was a typical red director, so they called the communist industrial in the summer under kuchma , two things happened in the economy and politics that for a long time determined the trajectory of the country's development: first, the economy reached a historical minimum of gdp in 1999, it was only half of the level of 1990. this is the worst result among the post-soviet republics and the world record. the second important moment, which also related to the political culture in the country under kuchma, was the concentration of capital and assets in the hands of several financial and industrial groups that established monopolies in entire sectors of the economy. it was a business merged with the political system, and his wealth with the state budget according to the russian tracing paper, these super-rich were called oligarchs despite the low voter support in 1999 succeeded in being re-elected for a second term, the fact that two key competitors could not take part in the