and in south asia it's in the combat pakistan. and political spectrum even the indian politicians are asking for evidence, if whatever surgical strikes, where are the evidence is my question. >> celeste were to the panel, the question and if there's anything else. >> i'll let you take the question on the nationalism dispute if you want. i just think pakistan's national student policy as it's been constructed at least for the past decade it just hasn't worked. it doesn't work for the country itself. it's much more dangerous, there's lots more violence, attacks against the state internally. i'm not talking about with india. those kind of nonstate actors that are involved in that process are involved in afghanistan and in india. so that's the common link and that's what i'm focusing on right now. during my time as a policy maker in the u.s. government, that's what we were kind of honing in on and that's, the india-pakistan relationship had tons of problems, many of which will just be bilateral and the u.s. doesn't have a role until i

policy could on the one hand draw it more and more to a more active role in east asia and particularly in south east asia and the navel presence and then the ties with japan and so on why ignoring the concerns on what is happening in pakistan, that can no longer be squared in what is happening with the domestic politics. if and this is a big if, there's another major terrorist attack and then it builds on rial appreciate, the u.s. going back to what is the motive and then that's quit successful in the past and that's to urge restraint upon india in order the stabilize and that's a greater thing to the u.s. and india developing the closer relationship than it would have been in the past. >> that's great. thank you. hank you to all of the panel lists. let me quickly turn to all of you and prompt you a few questions. let me begin with you because you made the point in which i think is crucial it's skon flick management and not resolution. the other thing that i want to have with you is it realistically possible for the u.s. to secure the interest in south east asia without some resolution if not t

first, as we have seen over the last six months, the potential for a crisis in south asia to escalates not something that exists just on paper. it's now something that we can see in the dynamic, the politics, the demand in india for retribution. and this is something that is growing, i think. second, the potential for there to be another terrorism incident in the united states that is traceable to south asia and that could be a serious raptor of our policy there. finding leverage on these two risk, i think, is important. the problem here is that the us role as often created dependency in the ticket with pakistan that merge on moral hazard. that bring some real challenges as we think about our crisis role. it would behoove the next administration to think about wedding next crisis could look like and what some of the questions that they might confront would be. for instance, if there is a crisis where there's .-ellipsis say more of a military activity then we saw after the early attack, then let's imagine we had imagery showing that pakistan was moving nuclear weapons. what would we do

and it demonstrates a shift in how we've taken the fight to terrorists everywhere from south asia to the sahel. instead of pushing all of the burden onto american ground troops, instead of trying to mount invasions wherever terrorists appear, we've built a network of partners. in libya where u.s. air power has helped local militias dislodge a dangerous isil cell. in mali, where u.s. logistics and intelligence support helped our french allies roll back al qaeda branches there. in somalia where u.s. operations support and african union-led force and international peacekeepe peacekeepers. and in yemen where years of targeted strikes have degraded al qaeda in the peninsula. these offensive efforts have buttressed a global effort to make it harder for terrorist networks to breach our defenses and spread their violent ideology's. working with european allies who suffered terrible attacks, we strengthened intelligence sharing and cut in half the flow of foreign fighters to isil. we've worked with our tech sector to support efforts to push back on terrorist messages, on social media that mot

south asia is the reverse. it's population abundant, energy poor, but some are peaking and the potential for that energy trade to take place would unlock immense, immense value. so if we're thinking as the first panelists encouraged us to do in terms of return and investment the possibility to unlock that potential is there and then we need i think to see these investment in infrastructure, much of which can be private sector driven and just over the last few months, we had the ambassador this morning close to $1 billion of private sector investment has gone into the power linkages and production. and the potential for 15 mega watts of power to be transferred from central asia to pakistan and we know how much the energy issue is such a key concern of pakistan. another example the rail. i sit in many of the debates in washington that rail is not feasible, it's not affordable. it was one of the elements that back in the 0004 conference when afghanistan first put forward plans, take out rail, afghanistan can never

i apologize for starting on south asia time but it is only fitting. let me welcome the panelists. before that let me say whenever you talk about india and pakistan you almost have to say it's a very interesting time. it's clichÉd but this is an interesting and troubling time for the relationship. you would know that since mid-september, both countries have been in virtual crisis after an engine a terrorist attack killed 18 soldiers. there has been fighting in violent protests inside kashmir for a number of months. this time for the first time in what many of we see is a paradigm shift, india claimed they retaliated in september by conducting surgical straits inside pakistan. pakistan denied it and india said they did it and they're still arguing about it. for the first time it has been very explicit in arguing that its policy is going to be to isolate pakistan globally. that pushed pakistan to retaliate. we have the heart of asia conference where the pakistani foreign minister was treated roughly according to pakistan newspapers. what we do know is tensions remain high, fighting i

and america is safer for it. [ applause ] of course the terrorist threat was never restricted to south asia or to afghanistan or pakistan, even as al qaeda's been decimated in afghanistan and pakistan, the threat from terrorists, metastasized in other parts of the middle east and north africa. and most dangerously, we saw the emergence of isil, the successor to al qaeda in iraq. which fights as both a terrorist network and an insurgency. there's been a debate about isil that's focused on whether a continued u.s. troop presence in iraq back in 2011 could have stopped the threat of isil from growing. and as a practical matter, this was not an option. by 2011, iraqis wanted our military presence to end, and they were unwilling to sign a new status of forces agreement to protect our troops from prosecution if they were trying to defend themselves in iraq. in addition, maintaining american troops in iraq at the time could not have reversed the forces that contributed to isil's rise. the government in baghdad that pursued a sectarian agenda, a brutal dictator in syria who lost control of large pa

and links south asia. so far, while afghanistan is the crucial middle piece for some of these networks, i think china has been wary of really putting its initiative investment into afghanistan because it was so concerned about stability. the chinese investment is a major compromise seven years ago in afghanistan. it's still not proof for a variety of reasons. lack of security and lack of development has inhibited that. i think they're cautious, but they present, overall, a potential boost to regional stability. finally, reconciliation with china, they they have been involved in quadrilateral talks between the us, pakistan, pakistan, afghanistan and china on the taliban issues. they have discussed the taliban. these issues, it seems like initial enthusiasm to get engaged is now tempered by the reality of the difficulty of these discussions. it's another useful voice, not too be relied on too much, but too be engaged as a new player could push things in the right direction. let me finally just talk about rus

going to continue to rise as the himalayan glaciers melt, also destroying the water supply for south asia. in india, already, 300 million people are reported to lack water to drink. and it will continue for india and pakistan. and at this point, the two major threats to survival begin to converge. one is environmental catastrophe and the other is nuclear war. another threat that is increasing right before our eyes. are nuclearkistan states, nuclear weapon states with nuclear weapons. they are already almost at war. any kind of real war would immediately turn into a nuclear war. that might happen very easily over water struggles, over diminishing water supplies. a nuclear war would not only devastate the region, but might actually be terminal for the species is indeed it leads to global famine as many scientists predict. so the threats of survival converge right there, and we're going to see much more like it. meanwhile, the united states is leading the way of the disaster while the world looks to china for leadership. incredible, astounding picture, and indeeded, only one pieiece a much l

let's move on to south asia and india in particular, a really important year in terms of the economy,n some of the economy, reflected in some of the search phrases that we saw. tell us more the search phrases that we saw. tell us more about this. this is a big yearfor india in terms of us more about this. this is a big year for india in terms of world financial markets. at the start of the year everyone was focused on the chinese stock markets when they had that incredible meltdown but beyond that incredible meltdown but beyond that indian stocks began to rise on the world stage and that was something people were searching for but that got thrown out of the window when they decided to do monetise and say you have to have certain cash in certain amount is. look at that figure, up until that moment, we start seeing those keywords being searched. -- amounts. they have to get their cash sorted out so they are rushing to the cash machine to get it figured out. what's interesting is that gold is the de facto savings of india along with cash, and what you saw is at the same time people are l

our south asia correspondent, justin rowlatt, reports.eaten or tortured while in police custody here in india are fairly common and next year's official entry for the oscars is a gritty drama about police brutality. the police routinely dismiss such claims saying that suspects committed suicide, died of natural causes like illnesses, or died while attempting to escape. human rights watch‘s report says that such torture is worryingly common. they investigate the case of a man named agnello, who the case of a man named agnello, who the police claim was hit by a train while trying to escape but his father tells a different story. he was beaten black and blue. he said that they were forcing him to commit to the crime. after that, i didn't see, i saw his dead body. the police in mumbai deny any wrongdoing in the case but human rights watch says that police across india are all too ready to use what is known here as the third degree. the supreme court has laid out clear guidelines on how arrests should be conducted. human rights watch says its

we need to look again in the context of central asia, south asia, and east asia. since the afghans themselves put forward this vision of afghanistan as a hub of conductivity in the region, secretary clinton launched a new road, but shortly in the wake of that, the president of china launched another, so there are many different plans. what is missing is a common strategic framework that puts these in context. a few days ago, the afghans participated along with their neighbors in a data conference and describe some of the initiatives that would be put in place. i will mention just two of these. peel back the implication from these examples. a lot of focus has been over the years on the possibility of pipelines carrying oil and gas across the region. much less of a concern across the region. beyond that, it's really just a proof of concept, and what lies beyond it is the immense potential of trade across the region. used to be a place within the soviet union that produced hyperpower. rich.l asia is energy south asia is the reverse, population abundant, energy poor ,

now, let's go to south asia. we're looking at a powerful system moving into parts of the continent. now, this system is a cycloloni storm at this moment. the system will likely weaken a bit and as a depresession the center will likely move over the coast. soso we'll see some heavy rainfl increasing winds as we go into the next couple of days. looks likike the peak of t the stormy weather will be tomorrow morning local time. watch out for bad weather. severe weather could cause some flooding, as well. chennai will see thunderstorms on thursday due to ample moisture coming in from the storm. and new delhi, you'll see hazy conditions and temperatures in the mid-20s. across japan, a powerful winter storm is expected to move over northern japan from tonight. it is causing a lot of severe weather, includingg very strong winds and also blustery conditions plus very snonowy conditions. in fact, up to 30 centimeters of snsnow could fall i in the nort areas. wind gusts could be as much as 130 kilometers. sorrrry, going to be typhoon-strength wind gusts. so the combination could cause blowing

the amazon of south asia, a consumer to consumer marketplace. idea of where the company goes next. xpanding across the asia-pacific? how well it is doing their. there. that is coming up as well. that is a look at what is coming up. ahead, thank you. taiwan is a potential flashpoint in u.s. china relations after donald trump broke protocol by speaking to the taiwanese president. taipei also reasserting its claim over contested territory in the south china sea. stephen engle reports from the tiny contested island. alert in thed south china sea. the chinese coast guard quickly coming to its aid. the crew abandoned ship and had to be plucked from the sea. inare right there with them what is of course a drill, but one that is critical to the taiwanese claim to the largest naturally occurring island in the chain. they are reversing the island as a search and rescue center, to assist in key and contested international shipping lanes. >> the sovereignty is a fact. we want to show the international community we protect peace, defend free and safe navigation, and defend humanitarian values. l

obama: of course, the terror threat was never restricted to south asia or afghanistan or pakistan.n as al qaeda has been decimated in afghanistan and pakistan, the threat from terrorists metastasized in other parts of the middle east and north africa. most dangerously, we saw the emergence of isil, the successor to al qaeda in iraq, which fights as both a terrorist network and insurgency. there has been a debate about isil that is focused on whether a continued u.s. to troop presence in iraq in 2011 could have stopped the threat of isil from growing. as a practical matter, this was not an option. in 2011, iraq is wanted our military presence to end and were unwilling to sign a new status of forces agreement to protect our troops from persecution if they -- from prosecution if they try to defend themselves in iraq. in addition, maintaining american troops in iraq at the time could not have reversed the forces that contributed to isi'' s rise. the government in baghdad, or brutal dictator in syria, social media that reached a global pool of recruits and a hollowing out of iraq's secu

>> well, yes, i served all over the world, especially in south asia, the middle east and africa and iaw authoritarians and i saw how they operate and what they do. an authoritarian is uncomfortable with any threat to his or her power, and that could be the law -- for example the constitution in our case -- that could be other leaders, other branches of government, it could be cultural norms, democratic norms, it could even be the expectation of consistency or common decency, all of those things threaten, in the mind of a authoritarian, their power. what they want is for everything they say right now, their latest whim, to be supremely important. so if they undermine or destroy all of those restraints or other sources of power, that inflates their power or grows their power at our expense. and, so, i see that in donald trump. i saw that during the campaign. i certainly see that now post election. so who knows what will come next. >> trevor: this is where i'm confused. i go, even, you are a conservative, you are running for president. i go, help me and my viewers understand the differen

while much of europe is reacting warily to migrants and refugees from the middle east, south asia, and africa, riace welcomes them with a smile. >> hey, bon giorno. >> reporter: daniel yaboah is originally from ghana." i've known him for many years," this woman says." his children were born here." a familiar face here in riace, yaboah goes house to house collecting trash and recyclables along with his "trusty donkey." he's been here seven-and-a-half years. he says he was forced to flee death threats in ghana after his wife converted for him from islam to christianity. you have a life here? >> ( translated ): yes, of course. we have a life here, and the people here give us a chance to feel like home. >> reporter: more than just a handful of refugees live here. of riace's 1,800 residents, about 400, or 22%, are non- italians from more than 20 different countries-- a fact proudly displayed on welcome signs. for mayor lucano, helping refugees settle here is not just the right thing to do, it's practical. what would the town be like without refugees right now? >> ( translated ): simply put,

the two top electricity power line will connect south asia and central asia via afghanistan. a new trilateral agreement with india gives afghanistan access to deep water ports in southern iran. this summer we finished the long delayed sell my dam ahead of lma dam. -- se it will irrigate 50,000 family farms and provide power to 40,000 rural families and provide a reliable source of the electricity. this summer we finished the long delayed projects on the power thet and we began work on third phase of that power plant with a turkish firm to begin the work. when these new turbines are installed, and the development work is complete, it will produce triple the amount of electricity that it currently does, irrigate hundred thousands hectares of land, and the construction of the new agriculture canals. the oil, gas is estimated at $3 trillion. recently, it became, we became a member of the world trade organization, opening more great -- trade opportunities for afghan businesses. just in the last year, we have secured commitments for investments of over $1.1 billion from the private

. >> she lives in the south, asia? >> singapore. >> yeah, those are not bad place to live. rome. when i am in rome, i want to go away. >> anthony: do you take it for granted at the coliseum. >> asia: yeah, everyone looks at it. >> anthony: what about you, do you think rome is awesome here? >> i appreciate it a lot but it is not like every time i drive by -- >> this year is a little bit better here. >> asia: why? the coliseum? >> yeah. >> asia: why is it better? it is been there forever. >> the other year was dirty. and it was plastic some where. >> anthony: oh, they were renovating it. >> this year is all perfect. >> asia: this is ox tail. >> anthony: it is really good. really good, fantastic. >> asia: mama mia. >> what is this? >> you know what that is? >> anthony: meat. >> asia: just eat, you love meat. >> anthony: i love it. it is one of my favorite things. and rome with the sauce. >> i ate one without the sauce and it tasted like human fingers. >> anthony: yeah, it is one of my favorite things on earth but if you don't do it right, it smells like wet dogs. >> asia: i us

obama: of course, the terrorist threat was never restricted to south asia or afghanistan or pakistan.n as al qaeda has been decimated in afghanistan and pakistan, the threat from terrorists metastasized in other parts of the middle east and africa. most dangerously, we saw the emergence of isil. the terrorist network and insurgency. there has been a debate about isil that is focused on whether or not an attempt back in time could've stopped them from growing. this was not an option. by 2011, iraqis wanted our military presence to end and they were unwilling to sign an agreement to protect our troops from prosecution if they were trying to defend themselves in iraq. in addition, maintaining american troops in iraq at the time could not have reversed the forces that contributed to isis's rise. a brutal dictator in syria who lost control over large parts of the country. social media that reached a global poll of recruits and a hollowing out of iraq security forces which were ultimately overrun in mosul in 2014. in fact, american troops, had they stayed there, would have lacked legal prot

yousef: we also spoke to this venture capital about why it is bullish on south asia.oing through and renaissance with indonesia. the market size is phenomenal, you see very resilient entrepreneurs coming out of that ecosystem, and drastically large companies being built there as well. it is no secret china is the largest unicorn, they have been making the best in indonesia for a while with takata and other businesses as well. the daye are spending at the bloomberg aussie on -- asean summit. we have a reporter standing by with the largest reporter in thailand. they have a presence in every anssie on -- in every ase country. reporter: you are wondering which one as well as i. growthe up eight that will be maintained, looking at single-digit growth of the aussie on -- from the asean region. good to have you with us. talk to us about the prospects for thailand itself. what are the challenges that may impact your growth? to 5%, andr is 2% layingernment has been foundations for short-term growth. you can see many special projects have been approved and underway. we will see

the existing power line will connect south asia and central asia via afghanistan. a new trilateral agreement with india gives afghanistan access to deepwater ports in southern iran. this summer we finished the long-delayed dam ahead of schedule. it will irrigate 50,000 family farms and provide power to 4000 rural families and give us a reliable source of electricity. this summer, we finished the long-delayed kentucky hydropower plant and we began work on the third part of that hydropower plant with a turkish clan to begin network. when these new turbines are installed, and development work is complete, it will produce triple the amount of electricity it currently does, irrigate 100,000 additional hectares of land and enable the construction of new agricultural canals. afghanistan's oil, gas and mineral wealth is estimated at $3 billion. recently, it became, we became a member of the wto, opening more trade opportunities for afghan businesses. just in the last year we have secured missions for investments, over $1.1 billion from the private sector alone. 700 billion

that's how an immigrant comes to san bernardino who has been studying in south asia, and the state departmentis looking at her fiance visa application isn't allowed to look at her facebook page. it's insanity. it's absolute insanity. that's the obama counterterrorism of today. >> we find out after something happens. here's the next question. how many of these people that have been responsible for attacks have been either saudi arabia or to pakistan, also shae a somalia. are we gambling with people's lives? >> i think it was reported yet on breitbart.com, they've done the analysis in the last 15 years of all the people who have been convicted oh of terrorism in america in 15 years, more than half of them were immigrants or people not born in the united states. this is why donald trump won the election in part. because he's reapplying common sense to national security. if you can't secure your border, you will have threats to the citizenry of the united states. if you're not allowed to look at what people are posting on the internet, that it's pro sharia law, you will miss these people before t

it will connect south asia and central asia. a multilateral agreement with india gives afghanistan access to deepwater. this summer we finished a long delay ahead of schedule. it will irrigate 50,000 family farms and provided cover to 40,000 families and to give a reliable source of electricity. this summer we finished the long delayed project on the power plant and we began work on the third part with a turkish firm to begin that work. when the new turbines are installed into the development work is complete it will produce triple the amount that it currently does come irrigate 100,000 additional and enable the construction of the agricultural canals. the oil, gas is estimated that $3 trillion. recently, it became a member of the world trade organization opening more trade opportunities for the afghan businesses. just in the last year we secured commitments for over $1.1 billion in the private sector alone. 700 million is the energy sector pledged over a 20 year timeframe. add the citizen level we instituted sweeping reforms to

surely desperate people in south asia or central america for that matter deserve far left demonize thoseillegal immigration saying they are bad people. that's what the sanctuary city movement is all about. you don't hear much condemnation of australia. and inside that country, both political parties, liberals and conservatives support the tough immigration laws. there is little moral debate. by the way, if perth, for example, declared itself a sanctuary city have big trouble with the aussie military which as i stated actually enforces immigration law. and a general reports directly to the governor in cambara. undocumented my grants destabilize their country and cause themselves at greater risk crossing oceans to get down under. they created a generous welfare state that works for a small population. that entitlement culture would be overwhelmed and go broke if mass illegal imgralgt congratulation was accepted as it has been here in the u.s.a. simply put, australians do not want the enormous disruption that immigration causes. sending 2,000 poor souls here they should assimilate and barac

that's how an immigrant comes to san bernardino who has been studying at a theological in south asiathe state department who is looking at her fiance visa application isn't allowed to look at her facebook page. it's insanity. just absolute insanity. that's the obama counterterrorism policy today. >> they are state wlag they are going to do and we find out after something happenes. here is the next question. how many of these people that have been responsible for attacks have been either jab for in this case pakistan. also so mall grab with congressman pointed out a lot of those that were radicalized are coming from somalia. is there something we are missing here? are we putting american lives at risk? gambling with people's lives? >> i think it was reported yesterday on breitbart.com, they have done the statistics, analysis in the last 15 years that all of the people who have been convicted of terrorism in america in 15 years, more than half of them were immigrants of people who are not born in the united states. this is why donald trump won the election in part. because he's reapply

for our viewers who may not understand, that's a combatant command that overseas the middle east, south asiand iran. the most dangerous volatile neighborhood in the entire world. he met routinely with heads of state. foreign ministers, defense ministers. he has a great reputation inside the military as being smart, thoughtful and contemplative. at times a closeted intellectual. but in front of troops he's in charge. that's how he got the name "mad dog." lou: he's pattonesque when talking to troops and there is a sensibility in terms of his cerebral nature that harkens back to george marshall who -- do you see as much marshall in him as you do patton? >> there is a combination of both. when he's around the troops he's like george patton. when he's going about his duties and helping to formulate strategy and oversee campaigns he's like george marshall. and when he's interacting with heads of state and foreign ministers, that's what he's like. he's jim mattis. he's his own individual and the country will benefit from this appointment greatly. lou: i have not heard a single person and you are th

for our viewers who may not understand, that's a combatant command that overseas the middle east, south asiand iran. the most dangerous volatile neighborhood in the entire world. he met routinely with heads of state. foreign ministers, defense ministers. he has a great reputation inside the military as being smart, thoughtful and contemplative. at times a closeted intellectual. but in front of troops he's in charge. that's how he got the name "mad dog." lou: he's pattonesque when talking to troops and there is a sensibility in terms of his cerebral nature that harkens back to george marshall who -- do you see as much marshall in him as you do patton? >> there is a combination of both. when he's around the troops he's like george patton. when he's going about his duties and helping to formulate strategy and oversee campaigns he's like george marshall. and when he's interacting with heads of state and foreign ministers, that's what he's like. he's jim mattis. he's his own individual and the country will benefit from this appointment greatly. lou: i have not heard a single person and you are th

it was never restricted to south asia, afghanistan or pakistan.even as al qaeda has been decimated in afghanistan and pakistan, the threat in the middle east and most dangerously, we saw the emergence of isil. to say that we've made progress is not to say that the job is done. we know that a deadly threatç persists. >> the president also warns against aggressive interrogation techniques, including waterboarding. >> staying true to our traditions as a nation of laws, advances our security as well as our values. we prohibited torture everywhere at all times and that includes tactics like waterboarding and at no time has anybody who has worked with me told me that doing so has cost us good intelligence. despite all of the political rhetoric about the need to strip terrorists of their rights, our interrogation teams have obtained valuable information without resorting to torture. >> this is probably one of the last addresses he'll give on national security and he's just going over some of that ground on waterboarding and trying to make -- i think he

. >> moving right on to iran briefly, and then we'll finish up in south asia before we go to your questions. i want to ask a broad question about iran. any particular updates you want to give this kind of group? seems like people obviously are debating the future of the joint comprehensive plan of action. on a technical level, most people who watch it say it's being implemented reasonably well whether you like the deal or not, it's at least being complied with more or less. both sides complained about the other on specific details. anything you want to add to that overall assessment? >> i would share your assessment, from our -- not necessarily my job to monitor that, but i think it is being implemented appropriately and i think it has addressed one of the threats that we needed to be concerned about. the bigger concern for me is that the jcpoa has not changed iranian behavior. it certainly hasn't changed their regime behavior in terms of things they are doing. the other concerns we have with the broader iranian threat problem remain, whether cyber activities, use of surrogates, whether it'

that overseas, the most volatile and dangerous neighborhood in the world, the middle east, south asia and our friends the iranians. he has huge experience in dealing with heads of state in those countries, foreign ministers and defense ministers and obviously military counter parts. this is a proven professional. he's very capable. and i think what's also happening here, megyn, is president-elect trump wants to break from the past where we had a president that did not embrace the wars we were fighting and tried to get out of them. president-elect trump want to win them if you're going to be involved in war. i don't think he wants to be involved in war but when we are he wants to win. >> as you see it, if secretary mattis gets confirmed, right, what will he do when it comes to the war against isis that we didn't see under the obama administration? >> yes. first and foremost he's going to help rebuild the military and that's essential because we've got to restore the superiority that we truly have over all of our adversaries which has been eroding recently. when it comes to isis, i thin

articulated the sustainable approach he put forward that we executed for nearly eight years, from south asia, whether it is government, allies or a coalition, partners on the ground come in iraq and syria but also means acting unilaterally where we must to address threats to the united states and us persons abroad and it means going after the drivers that have fueled the rise of groups like isis and the ability of it the greatest engine we have seen in the last century. the internet, the greatest engine for progress and modernity and going after i susceptibility to abuse problem. the president talked about sustainable approach and importantly the fact that execute on that consistent with our values and as transparently as we can while maintaining the tools we need to protect the united states because that is going to insure the legitimacy of operations and confidence of the american people in those operations and our ability for a long-term threat. on the cyber front, from 2009 the president came into office and very quickly described the cyberthreat as one of the greatest national security

south asia.ey say it's a lot more tense, volatile and dangerous today than it was then. >> no question the middle east is a mess. and syria, here is an example. if you look at the obama legacy, what was the obama foreign policy vision? as encapsulated by them. don't do stupid stuff. substitute the word for stuff. that was the formula. the idea being that you can make situations worse by intervention, a lesson of the iraq war and et cetera. a place like syria, lack of intervention can also leave horrendous problems. refugees, you name it. chemical weapons use. so in addition to being a valedictory speech it was also a rebuke of donald trump's at least proposed altering of the course. when you look at the big issues, the big interventions i don't know that donald trump has articulated that he'll be that different. he has talked about standing up, being tougher, negotiating better deals, et cetera. he is not talking about a military intervention on the ground in syria. >> just the opposite. >> not t

military's central command in charge of the north africa, slee middle east, south asia, and aa way tot his legacy on foreign policy. and president-elect with congressman seth molten of massachusetts served multiple tours of duty in iraq as a u.s. marine. thanks so much for joining us. >> great to be back. >> you served directly under general petraeus when he was commanding various commands in iraq as well. we'll get to that in a moment, but bottom line. how would you assess these eight years president obama's handling of the iraq situation? >> well, look, it's been rather mixed. president obama prevented an attack on the homeland. dealt with an incredibly difficult, complex worldwide situation. especially in the middle east. he did pull the troops out of the middle east, out of iraq, but the problem it -- the problem is he pulled out the troops and had no political plan to ensure the peace. a few year the later had to send the troops back and we're still there now. >> as the president-elect says to the creation or enhancement of isis, did that lead to -- >> it didn't lead to the creat

military central command, spent a lot of time in the middle east, south asia, north africa, so he knows that region obviously very well. so assuming he is confirmed, and you have to pass special legislation to even get him to that confirmation since he hasn't been off active duty for seven year, you will have the general as a defense secretary, general as the president's national security adviser, retired lieutenant general mike flynn. does this mean that david petraeus has been removed as possible secretary of state? how many generals does he p want in those key slots? >> i don't know. we'll see how this jockeys out. i'm sure there will be a position for him because he's served this nation very honorably and i think you will maybe see him in an advisory role. i can't answer that because i don't know. >> are you worried about too many generals in the key national security positions is this because a lot of people say you have to have some civilian leadership. >> we will have that. we have that at the top and you have congress here, too. and i don't think i'm too worried about too many g

that overseas, the most volatile and dangerous neighborhood in the world, the middle east, south asia and our friends the iranians. he has huge experience in dealing with heads of state in those countries, foreign ministers and defense ministers and obviously military counter parts. this is a proven professional. he's very capable. and i think what's also happening here, megyn, is president-elect trump wants to break from the past where we had a president that did not embrace the wars we were fighting and tried to get out of them. president-elect trump want to win them if you're going to be involved in war. i don't think he wants to be involved in war but when we are he wants to win. >> as you see it, if secretary mattis gets confirmed, right, what will he do when it comes to the war against isis that we didn't see under the obama administration? >> yes. first and foremost he's going to help rebuild the military and that's essential because we've got to restore the superiority that we truly have over all of our adversaries which has been eroding recently. when it comes to isis, i thin

the whole region, i'm sure you agree with me, is a mess, north africa, middle east, south asia. >> yes>> one final question before you go. i ask this question to you as a vietnam war veteran. rate now we're hearing from u.s. military officials and others all these numbers, statistics, 50,000 isis fighters have been killed, 75% of them have been killed. it's an amazing how great things are going in this war against isis. like me, you remember, during the vietnam war, 1,000 vietcong were killed, another 1,000 vietcong were killed. before you know it u.s. helicopters were evacuating diplomats from the american embassy in saigon, running away. do you take these numbers we're getting now from u.s. official, seriously? >> no, i don't. because first of all, the veracity of the credibility, you collect those numbers. that's to start with. i don't think the public believes it. my policy has always been don't release that kind of thing. >> body count? >> body counts. i mean, come on. did we learn anything from vietnam? we obviously didn't learn a lot of things going back to the invasion of iraq

moderator: moving right on to iran and then we finish up in south asia for we go to audience questions. a broad question about iran, is there any updates you want to give? it seems that people are debating the future of the joint cover has a plan of action. observers have said it is being implemented reasonably well. whether you like it or not, it is being incremented well -- implement it well. anything to add? it is not: necessarily my job to monitor that, but i do think it is being implemented appropriately. i think it has addressed one of the the bigger concern for me and they have not changed iranian behavior. it is not changed regime behavior. the other concerns we have with the broader iranian threat problem remains, whether it is cyber activities, use of surrogates, their facilitation of legal aid, build up of missile capability and other access capabilities in the region, or they are unprofessional and aggressive activities in the persian gulf. i think these are all things that remain very, very concerning to me. one of the principal interests we have in this area is chokepoint

into building a new air force are capitalizing their navy or building new proxies in africa or south asia, those are questions. >> i think we all would acknowledge that prior too the agreement, nuclear agreement, iran's economy was in pretty bad shape. they were really having a major impact. we can also acknowledge that iran has been actively engaged in its proxy activities and whether they could have done that with or without the reason resources we don't know, but they're actively engaged in proxy campaigns. how can we learn the lesson for how we impose sanctions and figure out a way that we can make the regime on ballistic missiles and on sponsoring terrorism and human rights violations more effective to be consequential to change behavior in iran. >> thank you senator, great question. i think we can certainly extract lessons learned for how they are leveraging the funding from the sanctions relief and apply it to future cases of sanctions, perhaps building and off ramps, or learning from the snapback effects that were used in the nuclear negotiations and too better understand how mone

all the way up to today where the biggest immigrant group in terms of proportion is south asia. the story is almost always the same. a hard journey to america, struggle to adjust, little assimilation, better lives for themselves and their children. we tend to think of the experience of our own ethnic group is unique and in some sense every ethnic group experience is unique, but in most senses, the ones that matter the immigration experience is the same peer generation after generation, century after century. another theme of the book is the anti- immigrant sentiment is as a consistent theme as immigration. here's an image from right around 1900 that image conveys some of the same ideas that you might hear in the press today. throughout american history, americans have worried about immigrants, feared immigrants, sometimes even hated immigrants. the touch-- dutch were very anti- english. they thought the english would ruin america, the place they had created. the english were very anti- irish. by the mid-19th century new yorkers were very anti- catholic later on those of same imm

immigrants from africa then you have before and some parts of south america and from some parts of south asia. really only those pieces qualify for the diversity lottery. [inaudible] you talk about people making their way here, like the irish flame from the potato famine. >> if ever you think you've had a bad travel experience. [laughter] you should just think about what the irish immigrants in the german immigrants for that matter and even the english in the dust before them, pretty much all immigrants coming to the united states before the event of steamships around the 1860s had to go through. the irish situation was by far the worst because they were so poor and the shipping companies squeeze many more immigrants into the ships and they should have. your typical compartment would not have been much bigger than this room. maybe this is too wide actually. and you could have in a room like this, what are we have here, may be 75 or hundred people? you? you would've had to have 200 people and maybe in some just 400 people in the space. some ships 500 people. so how did you do that? you that? y

into building a new air force are capitalizing their navy or building new proxies in africa or south asia those are questions. >> i think we all would acknowledge that prior too the agreement, nuclear agreement, iran's economy was in pretty bad shape. they were really having a major impact. we can also acknowledge that iran has been actively engaged in its proxy activities and whether they could have done that with or without the reason resources we don't know, but they're actively engaged in proxy campaigns. how can we learn the lesson for how we impose sanctions and figure out a way that we can make the regime on ballistic missiles and on sponsoring terrorism and human rights violations more effective to be consequential to change behavior in iran. >> thank you senator, great question. i think we can certainly extract lessons learned for how they are leveraging the funding from the sanctions relief and apply it to future cases of sanctions, perhaps building and off ramps, or learning from the snapback effects that were used in the nuclear negotiations and too better understand how money

. >> well, moving right on to iran briefly and then we will finish up in south asia before we go to your questions. i just wanted to ask a broad question about iran. any particular updates that you wanted to give this kind of a group that seems like people obviously are debating the future of the joint comprehensive plan of action, but at a technical level most people who watch it say it's being implemented reasonably well, whether you like the deal or not it's at least being complied with more or less, both sides complain about the other on specific details. anything you would want to add. >> i would share your assessment there. i think from our perspective it's not my -- necessarily my job to monitor that, but i think that it is -- it is being implemented appropriately and i think it has addressed one of the threats that we needed to be concerned about. the bigger concern for me is that the jcpoa has not really changed iranian behavior and it certainly hasn't changed their regime behavior in terms of things they are doing. so the other concerns that we have with the broader iranian thr

america and the west were the dominant figures in the middle east, in south—east asia, in europe.up. now we have vladimir putin. he wants actually to make russia great, as trump wants to make the united states great. he came back, you have to remember that russia was humiliated in afghanistan by the west. they were defeated, they lost the soviet union empire, they were bankrupt, corruption, during yeltsin and the last days of gorbachev and the last days of the soviet union, now there is a strong man. he is from the kgb, he wants to reinstate his country on the international map again as a strong superpower. he wants his power back and we are not going to give it to him, as an american senator once said. he does want his empire back, doesn't he? i think that is broadly speaking right. there is another thing to come out of that conversation. last night in his departing press conference 0bama said russia is a small country, a weak country, an insignificant country. 0dd sort of trash talking that you often see pre—boxing match between opponents. if that is right, he has the opportunit

we broadcast on bbc newsroom and on the story we wanted to look south—east asia editor celia hatton,. it is causing a huge amount, a number of people both in business and also chinese leaders to sweat under the collar a little because peter navarro is basically, if you were going to pick someone on a spectrum who was the most anti—china economist you could think of, he would be the one. the fact he has now been put into a prime position to decide the american policy towards china, that has a lot of people in beijing very worried. one of the policies we know his aborted in his books at least as much higher ta riffs in his books at least as much higher tariffs on chinese exports, how would the chinese respond to something like that? basically, donald trump in his campaign said he wa nted donald trump in his campaign said he wanted to slap a 45% tariff on all chinese made goods that are sent to the united states, which would bring anything stamped made in china, the cost of it would soar. basically china's state newspaper, china hasn't officially responded that the state newspaper said