wen hair care. millions of people are throwing out their shampoo and have started using wen, getting the healthiest best-looking hair of their lives. >> male announcer: created by world-renowned hair expert chaz dean, wen is the first ever cleansing conditioner. unlike traditional shampoos that can strip your hair, wen actually makes your hair softer, shinier, and stronger the very first time you use it. >> female announcer: wen is the number-one cleansing conditioner because it's the only thing that can change everything for your hair. >> male announcer: have you ever wondered why your hair is dry, frizzy, dull, and won't retain its color? most likely the problem isn't your hair. it's your shampoo.

wen hair care.s of people are throwing out their shampoo and have started using wen, getting the healthiest, best-looking hair of their lives. >> male announcer: created by world-renowned hair expert chaz dean, wen is the first ever cleansing conditioner. unlike traditional shampoos that

wen hair care.out their shampoo and have started using wen, getting the healthiest best-looking hair of their lives. >> male announcer: created by world-renowned hair expert chaz dean, wen is the first ever cleansing conditioner. unlike traditional shampoos that can strip your hair, wen actually makes your hair softer, shinier, and stronger the very first time you use it. >> female announcer: wen is the number-one cleansing conditioner because it's the only thing that can change everything for your hair. >> male announcer: have you ever wondered why your hair is dry, frizzy, dull, and won't retain its color?

wen hair care. people are throwing out their shampoo and have started using wen, getting the healthiest best-looking hair of their lives. >> male announcer: created by world-renowned hair expert chaz dean, wen is the first ever cleansing conditioner. unlike traditional shampoos that can strip your hair, wen actually makes your hair softer, shinier, and stronger the very first time you use it. >> female announcer:

wen hair care.s. >> male announcer: created by world-renowned hair expert chaz dean, wen is the first ever cleansing conditioner. unlike traditional shampoos that can strip your hair, wen actually makes your hair softer, shinier, and stronger the very first time you use it. >> female announcer: wen is the number-one cleansing conditioner because it's the only thing that can change everything for your hair. >> male announcer: have you ever wondered why your hair is dry,

wen kala showed up tuday, he s arreed. h had in fa, been cmmucating with an unrcover oe kpa is held at buington cuy jailnd sba set at $500. >> 91ear-old noh pidelphia woman h f o lon be afraid ofhe home nexto rs. i's collsing. andhe's afraid that she is at grod zero. "conews" tried to help and it oks like the ci is seing up. "con news" reporter annie mcmick has the story. > rerter: this home 2400 bo noh 18 stet more than ae sore pontially dangerous sttion waiting to ppen. > wead police out he pe l& i, a they ha not be bc >> at was 91ear-old nnie mns retion seral days ago wen shcalled "action news." seives xtoor at aaoned home onerge of clpse. >> m 91 years old and easyo gt ups and ght now i us. > e should be mo raised ciren d granhildren in theome she ke impeccae for dces d thhomeowner of aaoned prerty died 19 and buildg started to fa apart o moing's me. rw yodents and raoo med nmk began calling the cit lsjuly they posted noce stang repairs we needed and l& returned over a nth ago adtated this sayg thhome wou beorn down >

corn, wen it comes to have seen it rally.ve seen concerns that there's going to be a tightening of supply and prices go higher. what is your perfect oil and corn price? dropped, cornices prices did not. ,orn realized it had to compete and it has done that. we have seen a recent rally because of weather, but the black swan event was not the weather, it was to back to back bad crop years. yield is not dropping much. futures have rallied. they are expecting the crop will come in worse than expected. that will help keep ethanol prices low. joe: i'm curious about the politics of ethanol. obviously, ethanol depends on government targets. do you worry about the politics? >> not really. you have to get through iowa. the mandate is there. economics are driving behavior. we have 10% of the fuel supply because of the mandate. blends --ded joe: the mandate is crucial to your business? we are not focused on the next 20 years or if the mandate will be there. you have to compete. ethanol has remained a discount gasoline. $.45 discount to ga

wen 75 degrees. same deal for east bay valley. 90 today. look at that, close to 80 by tuesday and wednesday. temperatures do cool off a little bit as we head to upcoming week. unfortunately for us no rain in the forecast. we'll have to watch that fire season especially today as temperatures will be near 90 in inland valleys. back to you, vicky. >> "today in the bay" is back after this short break. up next we'll show you what's been killing thousands of sea urchins. leave early go roam sleep in sleep out star gaze dream big wander more care less beat sunrise chase sunset do it all. on us. get your first month's payment plus five years wear and tear coverage. make the most of summer... with volvo. happening at bay area labs. thousands of sea 's. >>> marine biologists are studying a disturbing phenomenon happening at bay area labs. thousands of sea urchins dying in their care. "today in the bay's" joe rosato jr. looks into what's behind the mysterious die off. >> they are often covered with stuff. >> reporter: there is probably no office. >> y

wen!< talked to a family that had a scare. the 5-month-old was hospitalized earlier this month. doctors gave her an anti-toxin. she finally began to improve. now her parents are telling her story. >> it continued to get worse. she would just kind of slip through your arms if you tried to pick her up. it was a very high instance of botulism spores. >> there are so many cases in southeastern pennsylvania that it's being called the bot belt. olivia is back to smiling and laughing. all things she wasn't able to do just a few weeks ago. >>> a decade's old tradition is over for new mothers in delaware tonight. hospitals c stopped giving new moms gift bags with formula. delaware is the third state to ban the gift bags. there's a similar ban in philadelphia as well. begins tomorrow bringing live music, carnival rides and all the food you can eat. it's all happening at the delaware fairgrounds. the new kids on the block, counting krouscrows anddd megyn trainor are just some of the musical acts. the

wen products are available. can they be normalized. there's nobody who i met. no one i net that says there shouldn't be some kind of deal. iranians stay it shouldn't be a bad deal. >> two sides that do not like or trust each other, that's what lawyers are for. make no mistake. there's no love loss for america when it comes to hardliners. there's a lot of reason for the anger and distrust. extending to the leadership. the anger over the harsh economic sanctions and u.s. support for israel is ever present, adding instalment to injury is -- insult to injury is leverage and willingness to walk away from the deal. that's a view of a korean , an associate at the carnegie newt, - institute. he says america wants the deal more than iran. you said u.s. wants the deal, iran needs it. how does the dinalic affect whether or not it produces a side. >> if a deal is not signed, few americans will feel the difference. there'll not be protests against president barack obama. it's more significant. the country has bled hundreds of billions because of sanctions at a time, because

of things first of all, an article in the online part of the san francisco business times by corey wen beggar he did an analysis of the cost to build affordable housing new or to acquire existing housing and turn it into affordability the latter is cheaper than building it new worth taking into account and the other thing it is kind of we discussed a lot of times who's driven up the costs in south of market area to include the mission integrity and the eastern neighborhoods i remember as a child coming out san francisco from the east bay where i grew up smelling the smell of coffee and giants games and the before hery and in practice having patients with steel mills in the district best foods had a factory and fashion lawn had a factory to build lens heavy industry in the area south of market and including the mission district i think almost all of that is begun we fortunately have a played in sf manufacturing but their fields with people having discretionary income but not the type of thing that makes a neighborhood undesirable in the past the entry-level neighborhood was not as desir

a political analyst tells us there are still pockets of houthi fighters wen aden but that they are beingared out. >> there have been airstrikes in aden small clashes. but they are being cleared out. for everybody concerned, aden has been liberated. >> the president is saying that you know, some sort of celebrations are in order and this is a good sign. do you think this could be leading up to a tipping point? >> i think it is actually a major tipping point but i wouldn't be as optimistic as the president. the president is saying for now aden is going to be a base of operations where he is going to be lunching the major operation of liberating all of yemen from the houthis start from aden. i wouldn't go that far. the people the southern resistance they have no interest in fighting battles all the way to sanaa. their interest is liberating south. >> let's talk about sanaa. you say the president wants to liberate the entire country. of course he would want to do that. but how hard is that going to be considering how much land how much area the houthis are in control of including sanaa? >> w

joe fryer nbc news, wen avp wenatchee, washington. >>> and there is new danger from those caring for someone with alzheimer's means i am a lot of things. i am his sunshine. i am his advocate. so i asked about adding once-daily namenda xr to his current treatment for moderate to severe alzheimer's. it works differently. when added to another alzheimer's treatment, it may improve overall function and cognition. and may slow the worsening of symptoms for a while. vo: namenda xr doesn't change how the disease progresses. test test test test test test test test test test test test test test test test and dizziness. he's always been my everything. now i am giving back. ask their doctor about once-daily namenda xr and learn about a free trial offer at namendaxr.com. bring us your aching and sleep deprived. bring us those who want to feel well rested. aleve pm. the only one to combine a sleep aid... plus the 12 hour pain relieving strength of aleve. be a morning person again, with aleve pm. i want my foyer to smell more like a foyer. i want his bedroom to smell like he's away at boarding sch

wen we do retell stories, say one of the categories people are spending money on is tech.hina is more important for retail. pcs, handsets, smartphones. the enterprise side is fairly muted as well. if you look at ibm's numbers, we low revenue growth for emc. negative for ibm. you have to remember it is a relative game. positioned than energy and materials and commodities which are in the eye of the storm. ach is better positioned on relative basis but i am more conscious about the semi conductor which in attack that .onductor -- conductor portion olivia: tell me about what you saw when you were in china. what did you see in china that made you change your tone? bill: we met with 20 companies across the whole tech ecosystem to try to put the pieces together. certainly from the pc and handsets side, the telecom carriers and hardware makers negative growth year on year in quarter one. and not much better in q2. don't see grounds for strong acceleration the rest of the year. for tech seasonally the second half tends to be a little better. i think it will be very modest this yea

wen cow when commentary -- co saying they will be the number one apparel retailer by 2017.e macy's to get that title. , sharesatching micron going down sharply more than 6%. there was a recent report that a group associated with china maybet university interested in buying micron. they do not see that deal possible because of security concerns. that was something that was brought up initially, would congress approved a cost -- cross-border deal with china? now we see the shares pull back on that. we have been talking about ebay and paypal. we are seeing the established payment players trading at records, mastercard and visa at records. going into the earnings report oppenheimer raised earnings targets on both of the company saying that currency wins have abated. i do want to talk about ibm. the company still in the midst of a turnaround here. some analysts say the earnings will show signs of progress. not much change going into the earnings report. the implied one day share move in the options target 3.2%. shares have fallen after the past eight of the 12 earnings report. t

that humid weather coming back in by still dry and sunny, a high of 103 degrees on wednesday, and then wenin time for the weekend. this is what we are expecting right now, highs in the 70s and 80s, still warm in the tri-valley. and 88 degrees on sunday. san francisco keeps a steady temperatures near 70 degrees, and the same highs in the lower 80s. get ready to keep chugging that water. >> i know then you keep saying it's going to be high then it's going to be humid. thanks. >>> back in just a minute. ...a rabbit... ...a rabbit genetically modified and bred with a panther... ...with turbines attached... ...on ice... ...shaved... ...with a...what the?! with the fastest speeds to the most homes, the company that keeps making fast faster is doing it again. introducing multi-gig speeds from xfinity. the future of awesome. because 100% whole grain oats are incredibly good for you. because they're heart healthy because they're good for kids. and granddads and everyone else in the family. everything we do is because of what really matters most. the goodness of oats and the people we love. america

age, and particularly if health care as theyse more rapidly have historically in the united prices, wen other will again face mounting budget deficits and a rising debt to ratio without further fiscal actions by congress. this is a set of long-term issues that is not new. we have known about this for at least 20 years, and it remains important for congress to address those issues. i hope that there will be steps taken to do so. >> dr. yellen, thank you so much for your speech and thank you for your commitment to public service. dr. yellen: thank you. >> as a young person working in the field of economics i can say you are one of my personal heroes. my question is, what advice do you have for young people entering the field of economics, and especially for young females? dr. yellen: i think there has never been a time of greater opportunity for women in the field of economics and finance. as i have looked at trends over and, the number of women their success in the field has continued to increase. in a field that there are many, many opportunities that are open to women. obviously, acqui

. >>> walter palmer now finds himself in the center of a engine wen social media phenomenon. thousands of people hurled insults at him. he yelp page has been flooded with comments. personal details including about his family rub public blishd by activists, according to "new york times," including by actress mia farrow, who parent tweeted the address, then removed it. in a statement this week, he said, quote, i had no idea the lion i took was a known local favorite, was collared and part of a study until the end of the hunt. his guide said -- we would never shoot a collared animal. i was devastated and so was the client. yet minute by minute, the calls for justice seem to come from all corners of the internet. have we replaced the stocks with vigilante digital justice? more on that, next. >>> joining me now, my friend and colleague michelle goldberg of the nation on the topic of twitter shaming specifically. what is your reaction to the reaction to killing cecil the lion as it's playing out? >> i don't want anyone to think that i am kind of pro-lion killing, right? >> let's ju

. >> it's going to be 90 degrees, wen watted to be able to be cool today and enjoy ourselves. >> this family set up shop right under this tree trying to find a delicate balance between enjoying the summer day and staying safe. >> i don't think they paid me no mind. >> it doesn't matter? >> it don't matter. >> i went in the sprinklers the pool and i drank lots of water. >> while this water park is packed to beat the heat this basketball court next door is desserted. one brave family stayed on this tennis court, but is still prepared with plenty of fluids. >> it doesn't bother me i got some water, cool water. >> as you can see, everyone is filing into the pool right now, this is a popular time the bottom line on excessive heat warnings if you do decide to go outside, make sure you limit your outdoor activity. drink plenty of water and fluids and liquids throughout the day. for more we're going to check in with sheena parveen. >> like you just talked about, dangerous heat is in the forecast, not just today, but also tomorrow we have that excessive heat warning out for tomorrow too. here'

they have been saying for a while now, and it's wen reiterated to me over the past 12 hours or so by folks inside the white house that this is not something that ties everything up into a neat bow. you make a point that it looked like maybe the negotiation would be the hardest part. well they have to get through this part of it but there's in five ten or 15 years the president would love to have this as his legacy. his message has been since he first took office that he believes diplomacy and discussion is the way to deal with our adversaries. so it will be. so that has yet to be seen, francis. >> thank you, kristin, for the update from the white house. >>> the strongest reaction is coming from prime minister benjamin netanyahu. as you can imagine, he blasted the deal. >> the militant islamic state of iran is going to receive a short path to nuclear weapons. many of the restrictions that were supposed to prevent it from getting there will be lifted. in addition, iran will get a jackpot of cash hundreds of billions of dollars, which will enable it to continue to pursue its aggression

wen cat go back to the old policies that failed us before nor can we just replay the same successes. it's not 1993, it's not 2009 we need solutions for the big challenges we face now. i'm proposing an agenda for strong growth fair growth and long term growth. let me begin with strong growth. more growth means more jobs and more new businesses more jobs give people choices about where to work. employers have to offer higher wages and better benefits in order to compete with each other to hire new workers and get more. small businesses create more than 60% of new american jobs. they have to be a top priority i've said i want to be the small business president and i mean it. throughout this campaign i'm going to be talking about how we empower entrepreneurs with less red tape, easier access to capital. i'll push for broader tax reform to spur investment in america. closing those loopholes that reward companies for sending jobs and profits oversea ss. >> and i know it's not always how we think about this, but another engine of strong growth should be comprehensive immigration reform. i w

i have spoke wen several professionals including in my own family.y could say they thought it was credible including the guy who is heading a commission thought it was credible that she could have had drugs in the jail cell. >> i have been confused by this all day. i fail to see why the marijuana in her system is in any respect knowing that as we do that stays in the system unless it was in injusted in jail. every jail i have interviewed in the thing they do is make sure to search and confiscate everything. >> absolutely. i spoke with the same person who is going to head that commission. he is a local trial attorney and deals with the jail a lot. you come into the intake and you are strip-searched. every person is strip-searched. you saw sandra bland in the orange jump suit. she was bodily searched. no way she could have snuck drugs in. you can sneak anything into jail but their investigation found none of the inmates smelled or heard anything. the same attorney made the point as a lot of people who are familiar with marijuana know it could be in you

near where his car was parked, but he saw investigators coming towards him and he turned around and wen back inside the theater and turned the gun on himself. investigators still don't know why he went on this horrific rampage, what set him off, or what even brought him to lafayette. they are trying to retrace his steps right now and they are interviewing people he may have had contact since he arrived here back on july 2nd or 3rd an he apparently talked a little bit about potential business opportunities. investigators are interviewing his family members and cnn caught up with his brother ram houser who said he saw john russel houser about a month ago and the last contact they had. listen. >> we hadn't been close in years. i'm not sure the right -- we just separated from our family and just different emotional depression issues, psychological problems, and that type thing. >> when was the last time you saw him? >> probably about a month ago. >> reporter: under what kind of circumstance? >> he just needed some money to continue moving on, living on, you know, living and surviving, and s

i'll show you wen in my seven-day forecast. >>> a financial bailout for greece is now a done deal.greece earlier this morning agreed to economic cutbacks so it could get loans from european creditors and stay with the euro currency. the greek government had asked last week for a three-year $59.5 billion financial rescue from europe's bailout fund. >>> and today diplomats hope to announce a final agreement in the iran nuclear talks. the deal would curb the country's atomic program in return for sanctions relief. the last-minute problems mainly involved whether to lift an arms embargo on iran and if so how long. secretary of state john kerry said yesterday that major issues needed to be resolved but he feels positive. >>> and 23 people were killed and 19 others injured when the ceiling of a military barracks collapsed in siberia. rescuers searched for hours for men trapped underneath the debris of an airborne troops' training center. investigators are trying to figure out what caused the collapse. >>> at least two people -- two more people were gored in today's running of the bulls i

. >>> walter palmer now finds himself in the center of a engine wen social media phenomenon.people hurled insults at him. he yelp page has been flooded with negative comments. personal details including about his family have been published by activists, according to "new york times," including by actress mia farrow, who parent tweeted the address, then removed it. in a statement this week, he said, quote, i had no idea the lion i took was a known local favorite, was collared and part of a study until the end of the hunt. his guide said -- we would never shoot a collared animal. i was devastated and so was the client. yet minute by minute, the calls for justice seem to come from all corners of the internet. have we replaced the stocks with vigilante digital justice? more on that, next. toenail fungus? seriously? smash it with jublia! jublia is a prescription medicine proven to treat toenail fungus. use jublia as instructed by your doctor. look at the footwork! most common side effects include ingrown toenail, application site redness, itching, swelling, burning or stinging, bl

around the world and the ravaging in nigeria was given, you know, rather thin cover in most of the wen press. so what is the structure -- of the western press. and how are we to interpret boko haram in a way that simply isn't some intrusive belgian kind of weighing in with his point of view? >> you know, i've actually found the older i get the less interested i am in how the west sees africa and the more interested i am in how africa sees itself. [applause] this is true. i still, i used to spend a lot of emotional energy being angry -- [laughter] but now, but now, you know, now i'm actually much more interested in kenya covering knew jeer is ya than -- nigeria than i am in the u.s. covering nigeria, really. i think one of the ways there's power, again the fact, for example, that if a foreign journalist comes to nigeria and a nigerian journalist wants to get an interview with the nigerian president, the foreign journalist is more likely to get the interview. that's the problem. how do we solve it? by just, we need to just stop being stupid -- [laughter] and i i'm sorry, i really would l

you had spoke wen a couple that were really powerless to the rules and regulations.this can apply to a wide range of homeowners not just a certain demographic. >> anybody that lives in a development generally has an hoa, homeowners association. one of the biggest things we talk about, they have the right, the board has the right to put a lien on your property in most jurisdictions if you don't pay your dues and could sell the home. what happened in one of the shows we're doing, a million dollar home was actually bought elizabeth, for $8,000. and as a result of that people didn't realize that's how much power they have. they have the right to foreclose. >> bob, thank you for joining us. be sure to watch bob's brand-new series tomorrow at 3:00 p.m. if you missed it it was at noon. it will air next saturday at 12:00. bob, thank you so much. we really appreciate it. >> thank you for having me. >> we were talking, he features some incredible homes on this unbelievable some with hockey rinks, baseball diamond. >> it's a great show. great to see what he comes up with next.

i don't think they're looking for liberalism wen style to break out tomorrow in tehran but they are more pragmatic when think weigh the economic benefits and the benefits international engagement versus support for terrorism and the nuclear program and are more interested in those first set of interests for iran. are they going to gain more influence and then be able to reflect into a more pragmatic iranian foreign policy? there's a strong case to be made that's the case. rouhani was elected based on the fact and allowed to come to power also by the supreme leader that he would get this nuclear agreement. he's going to have tremendous credibility and leverage. we have parliamentary elections in iran next march. it will be an interesting time in terms of the sanctions relief calendar that richard just laid out to see if the pragmatic faction can pick up more seats in the iranian system. i do think rouhani now could have more influence in other areas of iran -- iranian foreign policy. on the other hand, you could make the argument that the hardliners are going to double down. that they'll

that we can, we'll probably be calling on you again, trying to get your advice, seeking your advice wen watt the best minds, we have them sitting in front of us, we also need to thank speaker gingrich for his contributions and thank you very much as we march forward, trying to make a difference. my mom used to say, in my time and in my space i will make a difference with god's race. thank you very much. >> thank you. >>> cabinet officials will return to capitol hill this week to testify on the iran nuclear agreement. tomorrow secretary of state john kerry goes before the house foreign affairs committee. here's a portion of secretary kerry's exchange with new jersey senator robert menendez last week at the senate foreign relations committee hearing. >> is president obama willing to make a clear and uneekwiv of coursable statement, iran does not believe there's a credible military threat, iran under no circumstances will be permitted to require any nuclear weapon. >> absolutely. he has said that many times. >> he's said all options are on the table i hope he makes that clear. >> the presi

. >>> wen again, too much red tape and regulation. it's too hard in and out. >> right. earn success. >>> when we come back this morning, facebook's plan to bring the internet to far reaches of the world. here's a hint -- it involves drones, big ones, too. "squawk box" will be right back. two trains leave st. louis for albuquerque at the same time. same cargo, same size, same power. which one arrives first? hint: it's not the one on the left. the speedy guy on the right is part of an intelligent system that creates the optimal trip profile for all trains on the line. and the one on the left? uh, looks like it'll be counting cows for awhile. so maybe the same things aren't quite the same. ge software. get connected. get insights. get optimized. >>> welcome back everybody. this morning we asked you to send us the stories that have you buzzing. no now it's time for us to share some of your responses. facebook giving us more details about the plans for drone-based internet in the sky. the company wants to reach the 10% of the world's population that lives far away from cell

wen you look at the target being a are recruiting station. uh you look at the weapons used sop of the writings that have not yet been confirmed but may be tributed to him with religious over tones demonstrating convictions to islam, you look at that. it appears perhaps that's an avenue that's going to be pursued. it won't be confirmed until the investigation is well with under way. >> we were hearing about the blog post. we don't know if it is authentic or belonging to this gunman. the electronic trail is important in the investigation. >> the fbi is looking for two things. first of all, they are looking forward. today want to make sure there are no other people tied to this specific attack. are there pending attacks in play here? they want to make sure they are protecting society and citizens there in chattanooga and around the country. looking backwards, they are look at the motivation. they will be going through the information to see why abdulazeez acted the way he did, took these actions. again, who else is he connected to? that's all ha

she tweeted wen your dogs manage to lock themselves, all your stuff and the baby in the car and you have minus is the broken window of course. has it happened to you? >> not with my children inside. that moment of panic like i have to get in there. it's hot too. you leave your kid hs in the car. >> the temperature shoots up. >> if you lock your kid in the car, call 911 first. cover the windows to keep the car from heating up until the police get therement. if you break a window, do it far from the child so the glass doesn't shatter. >> i know you can do it from inside. i wonder if there is on outside number for on-star where they can unlock it remotely. >> you have uh to have the service. >> yeah. the dogs doing it. nobody was in the car but i was driving with pepper and she was looking out the window. all of the sudden i heard the window open. she was standing on top of the -- and the window lever open ed. i was trying to pull over because i was afraid she would fall out. for three minutes evidence likei was like i can't get over. >> she was in the back seat? >> she was driving. >> you

as wen to see evidence of the harm that dodd-frank is inflicting upon america and hardworking americans at that. so our committee and this congress must continue to do the important work that will make it easier for our fellow citizens to get a job, pay a credit card obtain a mortgage and create opportunities for themselves and their families. with that i yield back. mr. hensarling: i thank the gentleman for his comments tonight. i thank him for his leadership on our committee. again mr. speaker it is the unhappy occasion that the fifth anniversary of the signing of the dodd-frank act, again weighing in at 2,300 pages it's so sad to realize, as the gentleman from new jersey pointed out, that so many of the promises that were made have not been kept. they have not been realized. again, the big banks are bigger. the small banks are fewer. and our hardworking constituents, many of them are worse off, many of them have stagnant paychecks and so many of them have smaller bank accounts. what they've seen is free checking cut in half in america. bank fees have gone up. this is all because of t