his wife dr. catherine horton is a former high energy physicist and research fellow at the university of oxford, england, and his investigating directed energy weapons. bill benny has accomplished a lot in his life. he likely didn't expect to count themself among the americans who have experienced the effects of havana syndrome. well, talk to him about the possibility that this is in fact a weapon. bill catherine, welcome for so happy to have you. going to be with nice. we here to bill katherine, let's begin with the basics of havana sand drum. this seemed to come as a surprise to just about everybody. and indeed, it wasn't even discovered until 2016 based on what you know, what are the signs of havana syndrome? and why haven't we heard about it or it's symptoms before 2016? well, my wife is more adapted answering, but what i know about those kinds of single into them is the, is that some of this very similar kind of thing occurred in the moscow embassy in the early 19 seventy's. and it was due to microwave radiation. and i think that that's probably says something to do with this somehow, but

new vaccine manufactured in i this new vaccine manufactured in india and developed with the university of oxfordut it in perspective, the vaccine we will propose it at less than $4 per dose to immunise a child. ~ ., ., ,., less than $4 per dose to immunise a child. ~ ., ., , , ., less than $4 per dose to immunise a child. . ., ., , , ., ., child. what about distribution, who has control. _ child. what about distribution, who has control, we _ child. what about distribution, who has control, we talked _ child. what about distribution, who has control, we talked there - child. what about distribution, who has control, we talked there about| has control, we talked there about ramping up production, but who has control of where it ends up? up? right, so we deal with unicef and the global alliance of the vaccine initiative. they fund and you know, work out what the countries, of how to distribute the vaccine and the programmes like covax did during the covid times so this is an organised set up of funding, distribution, programme management, etc, etc. that they work with the countries, that events ar

of the world. oxford university researchers have developed a new vaccine. in a few minutes let's hear the opinion of one of the heads of the center for infectious diseases, first a few facts about malaria. this disease is caused by the so-called plasmodium - a malaria parasite that... is spread by the bite of infected insects , according to the latest data from voos, in 2021 , more than 6,000 people died of malaria in the world, and there were almost a quarter of a billion cases of this disease, we are talking about that 2021 year. 95% of all malaria cases occur in african countries and in children under 5 years of age, this is the most vulnerable group at risk of dying from malaria. in the 21st year, this group fell almost 80% of all deaths in africa. the new vaccine will be available in some countries by the middle of next year and will cost between two and four cents. bbc correspondent n-soi followed clinical trials of a new vaccine in tanzania. a life-saving blow to one of the most dangerous african killers. children, malaria. the search for this vaccine

i'm now joined by brooks newmark, writer and visiting academic at the university of oxford . oks, university of oxford. brooks, first of all, thank you for coming in. you've been very involved in ukraine and you've written an article for the catholic herald, echo , catholic herald, echo, explaining iran's involvement. how can you be so certain that iran is involved ? iran is involved? >> well, i think you have to look historically, hamas in their attacks in the past on israel, have been somewhat intermittent , chaotic , nothing intermittent, chaotic, nothing of this scale , all in order for of this scale, all in order for hamas to execute something of this enormity, of this scale without the intelligence services in israel picking it up, they needed a major state behind them. there's no way they could have pulled this off. and i think all fingers seem to be certainly pointing to iran. why? because there is, as one can see on social media, there were meetings between senior hamas officials , between senior officials, between senior iranian revolutionary guard officials , and ev

the are 21 metrics matrix and vaccine was developed by the university of oxford and it's cheaper than the previously recommended shots. the mosquito borne disease claims half a 1000000 lives every year. from earlier i spoke to duncan and margaret harris was a spokesperson for the world health organization in geneva. and she says, this vaccine is a major advancement for child health. and a great example of science and action. this one should be able to be produced in much greater quantities. so we can really roll out the back seat and vaccination, especially in the areas of really high and moderate transmission and say, tens of thousands of young lives. it's children who mostly die from malaria or the countries a banking full of bull vaccine. and now we can always do that, we can beat that to month. it would come on line until next year. but we are certainly looking at a game changer and in terms of saving young lives. there are other things we know that work and that choosing treated business that's getting rid of the mosquito is and we have to do all those things as well. it's not si

hehe has lectured at universitis in china and belfast northern ireland and the university of oxford cambridge in great britain. at the franklin roosevelt center in the netherlands and the new university of vienna. is the author of 14 books dealing the southern politics, history, poverty and culture, religion and art music and literature. his numerous awards include the patrick award for florida history, the lillian smith but not fiction from the southern regional council the alabama library association of award for nonfiction three times. the c. vann woodward john hoke franklin prize by the fellowship of southern writers to f. scott and zelda fitzgerald museum award for excellence in writing a nomination for the pulitzer prize in 1989 and the alabama governor's award for art. this book is entitled afternoons with harper lee. he'll be signing that as well. a third panelist virginia -- virginia mc bee butler the daughter of a country pastor but she grew up in north mississippi usually lost in the book. she married ellen butler at the church pianist. the army drafted her shortly after she gradua

live now to anne beer, a visiting fellow, university of oxford and author of "the life of the author:ted as well. yes, this is why finding something _ acted as well. yes, this is why finding something like - acted as well. yes, this is why finding something like that. acted as well. yes, this is why i finding something like that stage acted as well. yes, this is why - finding something like that stage is so important because it takes us straight back to where it all began. shakespeare as an actor, touring throughout the country, possibly even beyond england, scotland, wales, ireland, italy, poland even, people say. and that's where he started, that's where he learned everything he knew about theatre, actually treading those boards. igathat actually treading those boards. what kind of life wasn't _ actually treading those boards. what kind of life wasn't for _ actually treading those boards. what kind of life wasn't for an actor back then— kind of life wasn't for an actor back then ., , ., , , back then tough. they were one step awa from back then tough. they were one step away from be

you know, after many, many years of collaborating and working together with the university of oxfordthis and point where the who has not recommended this vaccine for prequalification which means finally next year this vaccine can go into patients. next year this vaccine can go into atients. , , ., , ., patients. yes, it is not 'ust about this partnership _ patients. yes, it is not 'ust about this partnership with _ patients. yes, it is notjust about this partnership with oxford, - patients. yes, it is notjust about i this partnership with oxford, which, we have core side during the pandemic, but what makes this so significant is the number of doses, because, of course, two years ago, we saw the first vaccine arrived which was welcome news, but 100 million doses is what we are talking about here. , . about here. yes, here at the institute. — about here. yes, here at the institute, we _ about here. yes, here at the institute, we produce - about here. yes, here at the i institute, we produce vaccines about here. yes, here at the - institute, we produce vaccines at very high volumes and

the migration observatory at the university of oxford and the london school of economics say going fonnard figure will largely be driven by internal students executive di rector internal students executive director of migration watch dr. mike jones says the projections are overly optimistic . are overly optimistic. >> i'd be surprised if the net migration figures came below 300,000. i'd simply because they assume that student emigration will remain at around 80. but robert jenrick has said that the number of people staying here long term is around 40. and he gets that data from the database. there are also assumptions about asylum levels remaining the same as they are now, but i would question that justice secretary is planning to send more foreign prisoners home to ease pressure on the system . to ease pressure on the system. >> alex schalk will set out a range of reforms for england and wales later, which could bring fonnard legislation that would allow prisoners to be held overseas. it's a move that's already been taken by belgium and nonnay . the plans also and nonnay. the plans also i

and arrivals from hong kong contributing to the numbers, the migration observatory at the university of oxford the london school of economics say going fonnard, the figure will largely be driven by international students . well, international students. well, those are the top stories and you can, of course, get more on all of those by visiting our website at gbnews.com. now though, it's back to bev and . emily >> very good morning. it's 934. it's me and emily this morning. so both the israeli prime minister and hamas have denied reports of a potential ceasefire in southern gaza to coincide with the reopening of the rafah border crossing. yes >> so us media reports say egypt will open its border crossing to gaza shortly. that's to allow palestinians with dual nationality out and much needed aid in. >> officials have not confirmed this, but us nationals in gaza have been told to move closer to the rafah crossing. >> yes, now nearly 2700 people have been killed by israel's bombing of gaza since the attacks, with an estimated 1000 missing under rubble . missing under rubble. >> our reporter tom su

amy: the vaccine was developed by the university of oxford and is only the second malaria vaccine toded by the who. malaria is among the world's deadliest infectious diseases, and the mosquito that carries it has been described as the “world's deadliest animal.” in 2021, over half a million people, largely children under the age of five, died from malaria. the vast majority of them in africa. in california, the longtime leader dolores sanchez has died at the age of 87. for nearly four decades, she presided over eastern group publications which operated 11 newspapers, bringing news to latin communities on los angeles' east side and neighboring cities. and press freedom groups are calling on congress to pass new legislation protecting media workers, on the fifth anniversary of the state-sponsored killing of washington post columnist jamal khashoggi by saudi arabia in istanbul in 2018. the khashoggi act introduced monday would allow lawsuits in the united states against governments implicated in extraterritorial repression. the separate khashoggi resolution pledges u.s. action to hold t

clear a lot of this judiciary comes from a small number of universities, 0xford of this judiciary comes from a small number of universities, oxfordg moment in terms of inclusion and equality. as some of her colleague said today, there is still a long road ahead. dominic, really interesting. thank you for taking us through that. water companies in england and wales want to increase customer bills by more than £150 — or $182 — a year to improve infrastructure and reduce sewage spills. the water firms are outlining their plans to nearly double their infrastructure spending by 2030. they say the improvements will cost £96 billion from 2025. 0ur environment correspondent, jonah fisher, sent this update from cardiff. this is effectively a wish list from the water companies. they want to spend nearly £100 billion in the period from 2025 to 2030. that meant money will be spent on a variety of different things, so sorry, we have problems with the sound. we will try and fix them. this year's nobel prize for medicine has been awarded to katalin kariko and drew weissman — whose work was critical in developing effective mrna vaccines against

but the migration observatory at the university of oxford and the london school of economics say goingnnard the figure will be largely driven by international students . you're international students. you're with gb news across the uk on tv, in your car, on digital radio and on your smart speaker by saying play gb news. this is britain's news channel . britain's news channel. >> thanks for that, polly. well hello everybody. i've missed you. whilst i have been away and what a week . it has been what a week. it has been horrendous stuff going on the world over. so it seems delighted to have a new face to my panel to help dissect and debate some of the goings on. matthew goodwin is a professor of politics and international relations at the university of kent and joe phillips, a political commentator . and also political commentator. and also from kent exactly . from kent exactly. >> we probably came on the same train, but didn't see each. >> you didn't know each other? you were strangers on the way. strangers a train. not on the strangers on a train. not on the way, lord. yes. there you g

the are 21 matrix and vaccine was developed by the university of oxford and it's cheaper than the previously recommended shots. the mosquito borne disease claims half a 1000000 lives every year. a group of indonesian parents is still fighting for justice nearly a year after their children were poisoned by contaminated costs. there of more than $200.00 children died from acute kidney failure. another 100 were seriously injured . 24 families are suing government agencies and pharmaceutical companies. one of the mothers involved and shared her story with l 0 to siad the see, but a lot that sadly improve the loss in, but am i shanna shanna any other last off? i've got a bun cast loose, go going don't, i'll put a few, but could i tune on products as i'm also showing i the ones that looms up at the moment. but when i looked at the list, i had this unofficial to to see i can do to him, but don't do them williams' sub job. but i did look the was at the low percentage of the associate, but the, the low, the moment something but for over the job was able to myself key if you can see all the others. if

professor nigel regius professor nigel biggar regius professor emeritus of moral theology at the university of oxfordr of colonialism a moral reckoning, and author of colonialism a moral reckoning , and professor reckoning, and professor biggar's recent book addresses some of the key questions surrounding british history. was the british empire driven primarily by greed and the lust to dominate? and was the empire essentially racist , as to dominate? and was the empire essentially racist, as nigel, your book covers a vast swathe of history. it's a huge scale. inevitably in something that lasts for many hundreds of years. there will be good things and bad things . how do you try. and bad things. how do you try. and judge over such a period and over such different behaviours in different places ? in different places? >> so the first thing, jacob, is simply to explain that there was good as well as bad because the story being put about it by lots of folk now and being being absorbed is that the british empire was nothing but a litany of racism and oppression and cultural repression . and so cultural rep

town at the mom oxford university, experts only story in town at the mom oxford university, net�*rts from oxford university, net migration will remain an above pre brexit levels for the rest ofs gb news, britain's . mornings from 930 on gb news. >> welcome back. according to experts from oxford university, net migration will remain above pre brexit levels. for the rest of the decade unless the government changes its immigration policies. government changes its immigration policies . well, immigration policies. well, whilst this will come as a blow to the government, which has repeatedly failed to bring net migration down to the tens of thousands, some argue they thousands, some would argue they never tried, will never even tried, it will arguably as greater arguably come as an even greater blow to brexiteers who voted to take back control of britain's borders. so is borders. back in 2016. so is this the brexit that we voted for? to answer that question, let's speak now to former brexit party mep brian monteith. brian, thank you very, very much. however many years it is down the line, how likely would you have thought it would be that we would sitting here talking would be si

such one university in china at queen's university, belfast, northern ireland, at the university of newcastle, oxford, cambridge and sussex in great britain at the franklin roosevelt center in the netherlands and at the university of vienna. he is the author of books dealing with southern history white, poverty and culture, religion, art and music and, literature. his numerous award include the remembered pat patrick for florida history, the lillian smith prize for nonfiction from the southern regional council, the alabama library association award for non-food auction three times the. sea van woodward. john hope. franklin prize by the fellowship of southern writers, the scott and zelda fitzgerald museum award for excellence in writing a nomination for. the pulitzer prize in 1989 and the alabama governor's award for arts. his book is entitled afternoons with harper lee. he will be signing at three as well. and our third panelist, virginia magee butler, she's the daughter, a country pastor. she grew up in north mississippi, used willie, last in a book, she married allen butler, the church pianist from

he's lectured at the university and china and queens university north of ireland and universities in oxford, cambridge and great britain ofd the franklin roosevelt center at the university. he's the author of 14 books dealing with southern politics, history, white poverty and culture. religion, art, music and literature and numerous awards include the patrick award for florida, history and nonfiction from the sudden regional accounts and every association award for nonfiction, the woodward by the fellowship of seven writers and excellence in writing and the pulitzer prize in 1900 and his book is entitled afternoon with perfectly. we'll be sending at 3:00 as well. for third panelist, virginia beutler, the daughter of a country pastor who grew up in mississippi usually lost in a book made alan beutler, the army drafted out after she graduated, she and three children for 24 years as he pursued a military career. second grade in germany and in louisiana.gi language arts in louisiana, this last assignment help you figure out what she wanted to be when she grew up -- a writer. attracted by the ch

of people know what cambridge university means. you know, prime ministers and global leaders, the people who decide a lot of our society go to those universities, oxfordat was that experience like? my whole life, i never thought of cambridge or oxford. i was like, that's for different kind of people. like, that's not for people like me. but i did still see the kind of... the elites, you know, the kind of future city elites, and the people who were going to go and eventually make decisions on behalf of people like me — and it really, really scared me, actually. i remember distinctly feeling quite depressed about it when i was there and thinking, wow... ..these people who are clearly so privileged, they've never met, like, an asian person, or had a conversation with an asian person, they've never met a muslim person. they have no idea what anything means in terms of people looking differently to you, and realising that it was a lot of people like that who would go on to make decisions made me really... ..brought everything into sharp focus. and when did music become this idea of something to do as a living, and notjust kind of hanging out with your frie

some of it coming illegally and some of it coming illegally. oxford university where i studied, joseph started islamic studies. joseph was head of the motion brotherhood who preached that the true believers need to complete the work of hitler. this is the gentleman that became the first director of islamic studies at oxford university to , the head of te muslim brotherhood. but the infiltration of this ideology at our finest universities come with the president's of university come within city government offices knowingly taking money from people who preach the killing of jews the destruction of israel. but they forget to look deeper that this ideology is also close to democracy and weakening democratic country and including the united states of america. so very briefly hamas has an ideology that comes out of the muslim brotherhood. the brotherhood started about 100 years ago as a reaction to british colonialism and is the root of political islam. hamas, hezbollah, fiorini revolutionary regime, daesh, isis, they all come from this route. they fuse the very narro

he has lectured in china, at queens university, northern ireland, at the universities of new castle, oxford, cambridge in great britain and author of 14 books dealing with southern politics, history, white poverty and culture, religion art music and literature. his numerous awards include the patrick award for florida history, the lilian smith for nonfiction, from the southern regionalth council, the alabama library association award for nonfiction, 3 times, the franklin prize by the fellowship of southern writers, the f scott fitzgerald museum award for excellence in writing, nomination for the pulitzer prize in 1989 and the alabama governor's award for arts. his book is entitled afternoons with harper lee. he will be signing at 3:00 as well. and our third panelists virginia mcgee butler. she's the daughter of a country pastor. she grew up in north mississippi, usually lost in a book. she married alan butler, pianist, she and her they children accompanied him for 23 years as heil pursued military career. she taught kindergarten in san antonio, texas, second grade in west germany and fort p

much more scholarly, of course, and on his return to oxford, he wrote to his father about reconvening with his fellow students. most now veterans in the junior common room of university college in oxford in 1919, and they read the minutes from their last meeting are made some five years before. with nothing to record. in the meantime, i don't know of any little thing that has made me realize the absolute suspension and waste of these years. more thoroughly. lewis reflected all the enlistments and training, the viscera and trauma of the fighting men in the trenches and the resulting physical and spiritual brokenness that came from political decisions and counter decisions made by european politicians, civil servants, servants and military leaders. the staggering waste and incomprehensible loss caused by the great war cast an immense shadow over the turn of the century. generation of britons. it's no wonder that lewis would harbor a lifelong distrust of government. as with most of us, lewis's political views were intimately connected to his biography, and so biographical details shed some light on those views. i want to focus on one particular event from lewis's person

much more scholarly, of course, and on his return to oxford, he wrote to his father about reconvening with his fellow students. most now veterans in the junior common room of university college in oxford in 1919, and they read the minutes from their last meeting are made some five years before. with nothing to record. in the meantime, i don't know of any little thing that has made me realize the absolute suspension and waste of these years. more thoroughly. lewis reflected all the enlistments and training, the viscera and trauma of the fighting men in the trenches and the resulting physical and spiritual brokenness that came from political decisions and counter decisions made by european politicians, civil servants, servants and military leaders. the staggering waste and incomprehensible loss caused by the great war cast an immense shadow over the turn of the century. generation of britons. it's no wonder that lewis would harbor a lifelong distrust of government. as with most of us, lewis's political views were intimately connected to his biography, and so biographical details shed some light on those views. i want to focus on one particular event from lewis's person

life that oxford that was kind of the modern version of a monastery but he wasn't married, every night's dinner was with other scholars. he was asked by oxford to write the oxford university press century, they did a volume on each century of literature, the oxford english history of the 16th century, lhel, he called it his own hell project. so, he was gifted, and he worked. michael jordan was in could be gifted and worked his tail off and i think lewis in some ways, that might've been the first time lewis was ever compared tot michael jordan, so i want to get that out there. i do think he was remarkable. not perfect, but pretty remarkable. >> yeah, no one among g us is perfect. having come from the smug comfort of being an anarcho capitalist on the belief that government is essentially evil and the worst thing -- moving into the reality based on the foundations you have outlined which is that natural law is both self-evident and impossible for us to fulfill, there is that tension between, yes, we have to have a government, but as is in the case of hooligan, the government fails us. and i expect there is no answer to this from cs lewis, not from anyone else. what is the y

senator john mccain, 2000-2008 presidential campaign and taught campaign finance at the university of virginia and at oxford. he earned law degree of university of virginia, master's from harvard. third witness is maya wiley, civil and human rights. ms. wiley is also a professor of public and urban policy at the new school. previously she served as couple to the mayor of new york city and founder and president of the center for social inclusion. she earned her law degree from colombia law school and bachelor''s degree from dartmouth. with that, i will have senator fisher introduce our remaining witnesses. >> we have with us also neil who serves as senior research center at the center of growth and opportunity, nonpartisan think tank at utah state university that focuses on technology and innovation. mr. chelson previously served at the federal trade commission and ari cohn, nonprofit devote today technology law and the preservation of civil liberties. mr. cohn is a nationally recognized expert in first amendment law and defamation law and coauthored to state and federal courts on vital first amendment issue

, he is the founder of thejenner figure behind this vaccine, he is the founder of the jenner institute at oxford universityst academic vaccine centres in the world. he says it is a landmark day in terms of the potential impact of these results. ~ . ., u , of the potential impact of these results. ~ . , ., ., , results. we have vaccines against viruses, results. we have vaccines against viruses. we _ results. we have vaccines against viruses, we have _ results. we have vaccines against viruses, we have vaccines - results. we have vaccines against viruses, we have vaccines against bacteria. until malaria, we have had no vaccine against any parasitic disease. malaria parasites are about 10,000 times larger than a typical virus like the covid virus, it has 5,000 genes. we haven't had opportunity to test them all in clinical trials, opportunity to test them all in clinicaltrials, but opportunity to test them all in clinical trials, but we have done a lot of trials. so yes, it has been very tough technically, people started researching malaria vaccines in about 1908. started researching malaria vaccines in about

this next version, 2.0, which came out of research at oxford university, looks like it could be scaledd 100 million does per deal -- per year. christian: if their funding to get it out there at scale? dr. hotez: that will always be the question. who is going to pay for this? will the african union have the support? what will be the commitment of the g7, g20 countries? nearly the needs of work. the other thing about this vaccine, the version 2.0 out of oxford and the institute of india, the cost is relatively low, looking at two dollars, three dollars a dose, because it uses ayeast technology, similar to our covid vaccine, which was also about two dollars, three dollars a dose, and we got 100 million doses ministered around that same level of support. so you are right, you know, if you talk about two dollars, three dollars a dose, $100 100 million doses, 200 -- $200 million, $300 million is not a lot of money coming to many on how you look at it. christian: i'm sorry to squeeze you, big news, and lots more on that story on the bbc website. take a look at that. big news for the continent

i can i the by the university of oxford who talk about . there's sorry talk about. these kind of traumatic films, soaps and dramas can boost our endorphin and pain threshold . so, you and pain threshold. so, you know, we've watched films based on true stories for years, things like my sister's keeper or alive, that's based on the 72 andes plane crash , which, you andes plane crash, which, you know, when you look at soaps and tv dramas, hayley's death in coronation street, whitney's miscarry ridge and stacy's stalker in eastenders . a lot of stalker in eastenders. a lot of the programmes and dramas that we watch are based on these harrowing storylines. and i think a story like the titan sub that many people followed and that so many people followed and you know, felt so desperately sad loss of life sad at the loss of life involved. i think it will perhaps allow them to connect on an even more emotional level because for most people that experience was priced way out of a realistic price bracket for people to take part in. so maybe it will offer some rationale as to wh

the oxford university is one of the oldest in the world. it's students have included philosophers, john locke, and adam smith, physics genius, stephen hawking, internet inventor, tim berners lee, us president, bill clinton, people who went on to change the world the today, the university's future of humanity institute is tackling big picture questions about humanity. according to swedish philosopher, an institute director nick foster and we're on the costs of perhaps the greatest paradigm shift in human history. for the 1st time, we can be replaced by an even more intelligent entity in the form of an artificial super intelligence. are, together with stephen hawking, milan mosque and others, he's signed off on a warning to humanity. 23 principles for a research to benefit human kind. not harmon. so do you want them a coffee or tay? i'm good. thank you. thank you. all right. you think super intelligence, artificial intelligence, do you think that is a threat to humanity? and the problem is as well i, it's, uh, i think, a very unique moment in

some of it coming illegally and some of it coming illegally. oxford university where i studied, joseph started islamic studies. joseph was head of the motion brotherhood who preached that the true believers need to complete the work of hitler. this is the gentleman that became the first director of islamic studies at oxford university to , the head of te muslim brotherhood. but the infiltration of this ideology at our finest universities come with the president's of university come within city government offices knowingly taking money from people who preach the killing of jews the destruction of israel. but they forget to look deeper that this ideology is also close to democracy and weakening democratic country and including the united states of america. so very briefly hamas has an ideology that comes out of the muslim brotherhood. the brotherhood started about 100 years ago as a reaction to british colonialism and is the root of political islam. hamas, hezbollah, fiorini revolutionary regime, daesh, isis, they all come from this route. they fuse the very narro

of lives. a new vaccine for malaria, developed by oxford university, has been recommended by the world health organizationlives a year — mostly children in africa. our medical editor, fergus walsh, is here with all the details. thank you, sophie. malaria has been causing untold human suffering for millennia. the malaria parasite is spread by mosquitoes. africa is worst affected, particularly these areas marked in red here, which account for 95% of the global burden of malaria. in 2021 there were an estimated 234 million cases and 593,000 deaths from malaria in africa. most of those were children under the age of five. the oxford vaccine, called r21, requires children to have four doses. trials have shown it is around 75% effective at preventing malaria. crucially, the world's biggest vaccine manufacturer, the serum institute in india, has agreed to produce 100 million doses a year of the oxford jab at two to four dollars a dose. this will be africa's second malaria vaccine. the first, rts—s, costs about twice as much. since 2019,1.7 millionjabs have been administered but it will take political will to ens

i spoke earlier to lorenz von seidlein, professor of global health at oxford university, who has beening the r21 vaccine at the oxford tropical medicine research unit. here he is with more on why this vaccine is important and how different it is from the previous one. this new vaccine r—21 has a lot of similarities with rtss the last one, which was, as you remember, pre—qualified two years ago by the who. and so with these similarities, we can be pretty sure that it's also quite as safe as the rtss. so that's really reassuring because i mean, as you said, a million doses or so of rtss now have now been rolled out. so this is it's great to know that you have a vaccine which is safe. the data that you mentioned suggests that this vaccine is more effective than rtss which is also great news for everybody. but i think the really, really critical difference is the part that you mentioned about sii. that is the serum institute of india because glaxosmithkline, gsk was only able to produce or will only be able to produce ten million doses in the coming years, which doesn't even start to touc