the first involved dr. king and the second involves the african-american who was the most surveilled person of the 1960s. not dr. king business the head of the notorious and politically conservative nation of islam. i got interested in this in 1979. and in 1979, thanks to the church committee, thanks to attorney general ed levy, thanks to the house assassinations committee, we knew pretty much all of the chapter and verse about the elect tronnic surveillance of dr. king and the anonymous threatening suicide letter that alvaro put up earlier this morning that was written by assistant fbi director and head of the intelligence division, division 5, bill sul vi land. and sent to king without j. edgar hoover's personal knowledge. it's critical in looking at the hoover era fbi to not personalize hoover as some individually weird, dangerous, unique monster. the fbi had a culture, an organizational culture of surveillance and of political control. a culture that was much more inclusive and all encompassing than just zwr

dr. king microphones and human resource and wiretaps. doing a microphone surveillance to be very hesitant in conservative wiretaps were time-consuming and expensive to the fbi is operating those wiretaps. but i want to concentrate that i will tell to the? stories. the first involves dr. king in the second the african-american and who was the most surveiled person of the '60s. but the lives of mohammad head of the nation of islam. in 1979 fakes to the church committee and the attorney-general we do pretty much all through chapter and verse of electronic surveillance of dr. king in the anonymous threatening suicide letter that was written by the assistant fbi director and sent without j. edgar hoover personal knowledge it is critical looking at that era to not personalize hoover as a weird or dangerous or unique monster and organizational culture of surveillance and political control that was much more inclusive and all encompassing than just j. edgar hoover. >> when i was interested in the stor

and dr. king voiced some concerns about the group continuing the ride into alabama.here were some sources that had reported to him that there would be violence waiting for the freedom riders in alabama. the group was aware of his concerns, but decided to continue anyway. the group left atlanta on may 14, 1961. and there were two groups of travelers, integrated groups on a greyhound bus and h railway. the bus traveled an hour apart. when the bus arrived in anderson, there was a mob waiting for the bus. they attacked the bus. they broke at windows. they rocked the bus, to try to turn it over. however, the bus was able to pull away from the station, but not before the tires were slashed on the bus. when the bus pulled over to try to phone for help, the mob attacked the bus again. someone in the mob threw a molotov cocktail into the bus. the bus filled with smoke and fumes. as the freedom riders tried to get off the bus, there were members of the mob, who held the doors on the outside of us, so that the riders get off the bus. once they got off the bus, they were at the

the first involves dr. kingand the second involves the african-american who is actually the most surveilled person of the 1960s. not dr. king, but elisha mohammed had a notorious vote politically conservative nation of islam. i got interested in this in 1979 and in 1979, thanks to the church committee, thanks to attorney general and to attorney general and leave a comment thanks to house assassinations committee, we knew pretty much all of the chapter and verse about the electronic surveillance without her cane and the anonymous threat in suicide letter that alvaro put up this morning that was written by assistant fbi director, division five bill sullivan said to king without jay edgar hoover's personal knowledge. it is critical that in looking at the hoover era fbi to not personalize hoover sound into visually weird, dangerous come a unique monster. the fbi culture or surveillance is a culture that was much more inclusive than all encompassing than just shake her hoover. when i first got interested in the story

dr. king, i'm looking forward to hearing from you on the steps needed to implement the new bipartisan law in a way that will help provide a quality education to our children. thank you. >> thank you, senator murray. i'm pleased to welcome the united states secretary of education. he has a busy schedule. i'm pleased to introduce dr. john king, junior. prior to being abouting secretary, he was commissioner of education for the state of new york. overseeing not only the state's elementary and secondary schools but institution of higher education and numerous other educational institutions. he has served as a managing director for a non-profit charter management organization, uncommon schools and is a co-founder and co-director for curriculum for a charter school. dr. king, welcome. >> thank you so much. chairman alexander, ranking member murray and members of the committee, thank you for inviting me to speak about how the department of education intends to implement the every student succeeds act

dr. king, i'm looking forward to hearing from you on the steps needed to implement the new bipartisan law in a way that will help provide a quality education to our children. thank you. >> thank you, senator murray. i'm pleased to welcome the united states secretary of education. he has a busy schedule. i'm pleased to introduce dr. john king, junior. he was confirmed march 14th. prior to becoming secretary, he was commissioner of education for the state of new york. overseeing not only the state's elementary and secondary schools but institution of higher education and numerous other educational institutions. he has served as a managing director for a non-profit charter management organization, uncommon schools and is a co-founder and co-director for curriculum for a charter school. dr. king, welcome. >> thank you so much. chairman alexander, ranking member murray and members of the committee, thank you for inviting me to speak about how the department of education intends to implement the eve

dr. king said, are you the boy from troy? are you john lewis? and i said, dr. king, i am john robert lewis. i had a discussion with my mother and my father. they were afraid. they thought that they would lose the land. thought our home would be bombed. suggested i continue to study in nashville that is what i did. it is there hundreds of thousands of students like students all across the south were standing in the way of peace and love, the way of nonviolence. for the besting up in america. the media. photographers helped move the movement around the south and around the nation. spread it like wildfire. we were beaten. we were arrested. we were jailed. sitting there in nonviolent fashion waiting to be served, someone would come and spit on us. we would be arrested, and jailed. we were not trespassing. we were orderly. we were peaceful. arrested,time i got in nashville, tennessee, a picture of me and others on the front page. i heard i may get arrested. what some young people used to call fresh. i have little money. -- i had little money. i went downtown and boug

dr. king said, are you the boy from troy? are you john lewis? and i said, dr. king, i am john robert lewis. i had a discussion with my mother and my father. they were afraid. they thought that they would lose the land. thought our home would be bombed. they suggested i continue to study in nashville it was in nashville that hundreds of thousands of students expressed the way of love and nonviolence. -- by sitting down we were standing up for the best in america. media, reporters, photographers helped move the city around the south and around the nation. spread it like wild fire. we were beaten. we were arrested. we were jailed. someone would come up and spit on us. we would be arrested, and jailed . we were not trespassing. we were orderly, we were peaceful. the first time i got arrested. i heard that i make it arrested and i went into what some used people -- young people called trash. -- cash. i went downtown and bought a used suit at a used men's store and paid five dollars for it. i saw a picture a few days ago. i looked sharp. [laughter] i could probably se

dr. martin luther king jr. who was at that time president of the southern christian leadership conference. concernsvoiced some about the group continuing to ride into alabama. there were sources that reported to him that there would be violence, waiting for the freedom riders. the group was aware of his concern but decided to ride anyway. they left atlanta may 14, 1961. there were two groups of travelers on a greyhound bus. the buses departed from atlanta one hour apart. when the bus arrived, there was -- for theng for the bus. they attacked the bus, they broke out windows and rocked it to try to turn it over. bus was able to pull away but not before the tires had been slashed. when they pulled over, they try to call for help but they were attacked again. someone through a molotov cocktail into the bus and it filled with fumes. as they try to get off, there were members of the mob who held the doors so people could not the part. when they got off, they were at the mercy of this crowd who proceeded to attack the

soon after dr. kingurned from oslo, an anonymous letter and package made its way to the king family home. it came from the fbi. the package contained a recording of allegedly secret audio, definitely secret, of dr. king's alleged extramarital sexual encounters. the letter, threatened blackmail. they are out to break me, dr. king told a friend. they are out to get me, harass me, and break my spirit. it's tempting to attribute what happened to dr. king to racism, and specifically the racism of one man, j. edgar hoover. the truth is more uncomfortable. because what happened to dr. king was part of a pattern of surveillance that is older and newer than j. edgar hoover. our government didn't just surveil martin luther king, the black panthers, malcolm x, whitney young, muhammad ali. before j. edgar hoover, a special division of the united states military intelligence division, devoted to monitoring, quote, negro subversion, conducted surveillance on w.b. deboyce and other. this isn't a thing of the past. last

they're out to break me, dr. king told a dr. king told the frederick that are out to get me, harassed me and break my spirit. it's tended to treat what happened to dr. king to racism and specifically to racism of one man, j. edgar hoover. the truth is more uncomfortable. because what happened to dr. king was part of a pattern of surveillance that is older and newer than j. edgar hoover your our government didn't just surveilled martin is again. they surveilled fannie lou hamer, the black panthers, whitney young, even muhammad ali. a special division of the united states military intelligence division devoted to marketing quote nigro subversion conducted surveillance on w.e.b. dubois and others. this pattern isn't a thing of the past. just last year "the intercept" reported the activities of the black lives matter movement were being monitored by the department of homeland security. if you can name a prominent african-american civil rights leader of the 20th or 21st centuries, chances are significant that he or she has been survei

and then, you know, he's, like dr. king advocate of violent solutions, and so when malcolm x says we've been listening too long to the ignorant peachers who would suggest that we should turn the other cheek he's talking about dr. king but also jackie robinson so there is a while, at the end of the 1960s, where they are calling him an uncle tom, when he used to be, before sit-in -- freedomer before freedom rides. charlie: take a look at this remarkable woman what stood by him and was a voice as strong for him. here it is. >>e went to our first spring training on our honeymoon. it was terrible. we were bumped from two planes to getting there. we were bumped in new orleans, we were bumped in pensacola, florida. and white passengers were put on in our place. i had never seen signs on rest rooms, on water facets and that kind of thing. so i went into the lady's -- white lady's bathroom, just so i could recover my own sense of myself and i walked in there and did what i had to do. the ladies walked out. we finally took a bus to s

dr. king's life have been like in the absence of that surveillance? >> two points. dr. ng was able to survive as a landmark civil rights figure because the journalism standards of the 1960s were set by ben bradlee, not by nick denton. in today's america, dr. king's private life would have destroyed him before 1963. and the degree of sexual voyeurism that j. edgar hoover, bill sullivan, seymour phillips, the degree of the sexual voyeurism inside hoover's fbi was not limited to dr. king by any means. the bureau tried to do that in many instances, but american journalists back then, nobody touched it. nowadays, you can see what has become of this culture. second point, which was touched on, scores and scores of people, probably several hundred people here in washington knew what was going on, knew that all of the sexual information was being passed around, catholic bishops, heads the foundations, religious journalistic political figures all over the government, not a single whistleblower stepped forward. and i mentioned the organizational culture of the hoover fbi. the orga

dr. king, this is about college and so -- the fraud in predatory lending practices at for-profit schools like corinthian college have victimized thousands of students nationwide. these students now have a lot of debt, a worthless degree and, on top of that, bad credit. to make merits worse ttters wor of forced arbitration,ing a privatized justice systems that corporations including many for-profit schools rely on when their customers or employees seek just tice for being mistreated have prevented students from holding for-profit schools accountable in court. an investigation found 21 of 27 schools investigated by this committee schools had students sign arbitration agreements as part of their enrollment process for any dispute that may arise between the student and school. clause requires that any student who's fallen victim to fraudulent activity by a for-profit college including misrepresenting cost, transferability of dicredits, o odds of obtaining a job or job prospect are without redress.

reverend jesse jackson was killed with dr. king when he was killed.on the phone. >> good to be with you. a day of sadness and jubilation. jubilation of his life and social transformation of the south and pain of his being killed at such a young age. martha: if you look at picture we have up on the screen a moment ago of you standing on that balcony take us back to that moment. >> well the day before that picture was, i think april the 2nd. we were just coming in from atlanta. the plane had been held up because there was a threat of a bomb on the plane. he may have mentioned that in his speech and he just gotten in from the airport and we chose the lorraine motel. i think that may be the picture of jose williams and reverend abernathy, dr. king and i on the balcony. we met with ministers reverend ralph jobs son, bishop ford and other ministers that day. the next day dr. king said he really did not want to speak that night. he was not feeling well. he had a migraine headache. he had so much stuff and -- under such violent attacks and asked me to go spea

she wanted a job and a career and she had to educate him and set him straight and like dr. king not an advocate of vial solutions when malcolm x said we should not turn the other cheek he's talking about jackie robinson so there's a home of the black panthers when they're calling him an uncle tom when he was the sit-in person before sit-ins. >> rose: this is rachel robinson. this remarkable woman who stood by him and was a voice as strong for him. here it is. >> we went to our first spring training on our honeymoon. i was terrible. we were bumped from two planes to get there and bumped in new orleans and pensacola, florida and white passengers were put on in our place. i've never seen signs on rest rooms and water faucets and that kind of thing. i went into the white ladies to recover the sense of myself and went in and did what i had to do and the ladies walked out. we finally took a bus to spring training. then jacksonville on our honeymoon. we went to the back of the bus. and when it got dark i start to the cry because i felt my great husband who had been a fighter and a dign

i attended the meetings they had when dr. king came to first african baptist church. time -- the 1960's was a period of unrest. people want to bring about changes. as a result, some changes were made. things the of the young people need to know -- the sacrifices made by the people before the in order for these changes to take place. staff travelsurs to tuscaloosa, alabama, to learn about the city's rich history. you are watching "american history tv" all weekend, every weekend, on c-span 3. book tv has 48 hours of nonfiction books and authors every weekend. here are some programs to watch this coming weekend. at 10:00 a.m. eastern, book tv is live from the maryland at capital for the 14th annual annapolis book festival. then john mealer and mark stuart talk about "chasing ghosts," in which they examine it the efficacy and cost of local counterterrorism efforts. listounder of emily's "when womenr book win." she is interviewed by maxine waters. >> we wanted to raise early money, and we thought if we money, wee early would give them what they need. in today's word, we ar

i attended the meetings they had when dr. king came to first african baptist church. during that time -- the 1960's was a period of unrest. people want to bring about changes. as a result, some changes were made. that is one of the things the young people need to know -- the sacrifices made by the people before the in order for these changes to take place. staff cities tour recently traveled to tuscaloosa, alabama to learn about its rich history. learn more about others thought -- stopped on our tour at cspan .org/citistour. you're watching c-span history tv all weekend, every weekend on c-span3. >> to mark the 100th anniversary of the pulitzer prizes, they pay tribute to the prizewinners whose work focused on social justice and civil rights. a preview. >> good evening, everyone. my name is charlie gaily. i live next door to -- to mr. roy peter clark. he is the best neighbor in the whole world. he told me to say that. at least for tonight, you can call me scout. girl know me as a 10 euro if you read the novel to kill a mockingbird. way, 1961, the author ms. harper lee

he's, like u know, dr. king, not an advocate of so when olutions, and malcolm x says we've been listening too long to the who would achers suggest that we should turn the other cheek he's talking about but also jackie robinson so there is a while, at end of the 1960s, where they are calling him an uncle tom, be, before to freedomer before freedom rides. at this take a look remarkable woman what stood by im and was a voice as strong for him. here it is. >>e went to our first spring honeymoon. our it was terrible. planes bumped from two to getting there. we were bumped in new orleans, pensacola, ed in florida. and white passengers were put on in our place. i had never seen signs on rest rooms, on water facets and that thing. so i went into the lady's -- so i lady's bathroom, just could recover my own sense of andlf and i walked in there did what i had to do. the ladies walked out. a bus to spring training. from jacksonville. on our honeymoon. back of the bus. and when it got dark i started cry. because i had felt

withrisscrossing the south dr. king and other civil rights leaders.is perpetual optimism, his ever present smiles, and his knack for making others smile even when they didn't feel like it, as her sleet at such a gentle, engaging personality that he captivated civil rights leaders and other black celebrities he covered. it was not unusual for those he had covered to request or insist that mr. sleet be assigned the next time they agreed to be interviewed. larence: in 1968 when corrina scott king had a small full of photographs -- learned that a small pool of photographers did not have a black photographer, she said there would be none. the photograph showing dr. king's five-year-old daughter bernice laying on her mother's lap and looking at the camera was considered such a powerful image with considered -- translated nationwide and won a pulitzer prize for journalism, the first by a black journalist. [applause] >> so it is 1967, and we have saved the most sentimental recollection until last. in the 1970's and 1980's, jeanne patterson held during the --

i met dr. king when i was a kid. i grew up in his movement. to paraphrase dr. 's ending, but not dealing with the content, live together as brothers. you can't live together as brothers if you're unequally treated, if you're unequal in terms of opportunities, if you're unequal in terms of your rights. so living together as brothers takes more than a kumbaya kind of appeal. you have to have the social and legal policies to make us real brothers and sisters, and brothers and sisters are treated equally, not just romantically say let's come together wrrg it's easy to say let's come together if i have all the advantages and you have the disadvantages, because really, what you're saying is leave me as they are, and hug me even though i have all the advantages. i'm your brother. i am your favorite brother. i am your brother that's advantaged, and that's not a brotherhood. that is nothing but a lot of covering over an unequal situation. and glenn beck has advocated a lot of things do not in my judgment lead toward that equality. >> reverend al sharpton, thank you very

being 1954, brown versus board of education, and the apex of the movement being the assassination of dr. kingthe freedom ride is right in the middle of that history. it was the halfway point for those events. what happened here on the streets of montgomery really became a turning point for the movement. the freedom ride was a civil rights campaign to challenge the segregated laws in interstate travel across the south. in 1961dom rides began with two groups of integrated people, blacks and whites, leaving on greyhound buses and trailways buses traveling through the deep south to test whether the facilities and the modes of transportation work. complying with the recent supreme court ruling in which the supreme court outlaws segregation in interstate travel.

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civil disobedience, you might even break the law as dr. king did, and are prepared to go to jail for your believes, but the civil part means you do it in a certain way and i think there's a real distinction between what happened early in the campaign when trump was clearly being provocative with the statements that are always quoting and what we've seen more recently where demonstrators and i don't think they're bernie and hillary supporters. i think they're far more radical if they're talking about things like assaulting police cars, punching somebody in the face, hurling obscenities, that's a very different thing and i must say just from going way back almost half a century, once protests turn violent, or disruptive to the point, for instance, of trying to shout a speaker down, the sympathy immediately shifts. i remember the -- after 1968 when the police really went berserk to some extentn chicago. a lot of us thought well, the country will be on the side of the protesters, they were not. because a lot of the protesters went way beyond civil

he made music like painters paints, and dr. king preached. we don't know how he died but prince was a rare gift. tonight fans in a mourning. we are joined from minneapolis where the artist grew up and spent his last moments this morning. dan. >> reporter: good evening to you from downtown minneapolis where thousands of people have come out for a massive street party in honor of a native son who became pop music royalty, prince. as i said, thousands of people here. they have shut the streets down. they're blaring prince music and people are singing along and will move inside the first avenue club, an iconic club here in downtown minneapolis. a place where prince played many times. in fact, it was a backdrop to some of the scenes in that classic movie "purple rain". there will be an all night dance party inside there tonight. there is celebration as you can see. there is also, however, an under current of sadness. people all over the world and all over this country loved prince. but perhaps nowhere is the for ver stronger than his hometown of m

i -- dr. king came to first african baptist church. there was a lot that went on during that time. this the time of unrest because people wanted to bring --ut changes and as a result that's one of the main things young people need to know -- the sacrifices made by the people before them in order for these changes to take place. >> our cities wars staff travel to tuscaloosa to learn about it rich history. learn more about the other stops on our tour at c-span.org/cities tour. you are watching american history tv all weekend, every weekend on c-span3. "q&a" the hit broadway musical hamilton based on the biography of alexander hamilton. as he said i was reading your and on vacation in mexico as i was reading it, hip-hop songs started rising off the page and said hamilton's life is a classic hip-hop narrative. >> he had a world-class hip-hop knowledge on his hands. my first question to him was, ken hip-hop be the vehicle for telling this kind of very large and complex story. he said, i am going to educate you about hip-hop and he did on the spot, pointing out that hip-hop can pack more

dr. king's and robert kennedy's before they were assassinated. all together, a remarkable leader.nn, i wasn't clear how to channel my faith and commitment to social justice, to make both a living and a difference in the world. i went to work for her at the childr's defense fund. she sent me to her home state of south carolina. to investigate the problem of black teenagers being incourse cars rated -- incarcerated in adult jails. when i look back at everything i have done, whether going under cover in alabama as a young woman to help expose segregated academies an strip them of their tax exemptions or running a legal clinic at the university of arkansas to represent prison inmates and poor families, it was part of the same mission, to fight injustice and even the odds for those who have the odds stacked against them in life and in our society. that was true when as first lady i worked with both republicans and democrats in congress to create the children's health insurance program that covers 8 million children. it was true when, as a senator from new york, i worked with parents an

with dr. king. dates me, but i was there.ut i want everybody to remember what i know you all know. the name of that march -- it's not just the march on washington. it was the march on washington for jobs and freedom. am i right? reverend sharpton? >> i wasn't there, but -- [ laughter ] >> he's a kid. he's a good kid. he's growing. he's learning. jobs and freedom. and what doctor king understood is, of course, you have to destroy segregation. of course you have to open up opportunity for all people. but then he said, what does it matter if you desegregate a lunch counter, but you don't have the money to buy the damn hamburger? and this is what he said back in the 1960s. and it's sad to remember how much distance we still have to go. this is dr. king. he said, the other america -- he talked about two americans. he said the other america was plagued by, quote, inadequate, substandard and often dilapidated housing conditions. well, guess what? i was in baltimore, maryland. a few months ago. in a community where so many of the hom

dr. king was assassinated 48 years ago today while standing on the balcony of the lorraine hotel. jesse jackson let the march today. in 2014, the lorraine motel became the site of the national civil rights museum. >>> one of the most beloved game shows will create traffic problems during the next few weeks. >>> if mobile developers get their way, southeast dc could be home to additional sports franchises. we will fios is not cable. we're wired differently. in the last 10 years our competitors have received a few awards. but we've received a few more, including jd power who ranked us highest in customer satisfaction for the third year in a row. only fios has the fastest internet on the most awarded network. now get super-fast 100 meg internet tv and phone for just $69.99 per month, online. only fios can. yeah! ahh... you probably say it a million times a day. ahh... ahh! ahh... ahh! but at cigna, we want to help everyone say it once a year. say "ahh". >>ahh... c